JPS6317986A - Soil improving material and production thereof - Google Patents
Soil improving material and production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6317986A JPS6317986A JP61161437A JP16143786A JPS6317986A JP S6317986 A JPS6317986 A JP S6317986A JP 61161437 A JP61161437 A JP 61161437A JP 16143786 A JP16143786 A JP 16143786A JP S6317986 A JPS6317986 A JP S6317986A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lime
- sludge
- stirring
- quicklime
- soil improvement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000272496 Galliformes Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔技術分野〕
本発明は、汚水処理場や深間処理場から得られる余剰汚
泥や深間、糞尿等と、生石灰を主とする石灰物質及び天
然産ゼオライト系鉱物を主原料とする低臭乃至は無臭の
土壌改良材及びその製法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field] The present invention deals with the treatment of excess sludge, deep water treatment plants, excrement, etc. obtained from sewage treatment plants and deep water treatment plants, lime substances mainly consisting of quicklime, and naturally occurring zeolite minerals. This invention relates to a low-odor or odorless soil improvement material using the main raw material and a method for producing the same.
現在人の凍原の殆どは、処理場や処理槽で活性汚泥法に
より処理されるか、集めて海上投棄されており、農地へ
の直接還元や堆把化は極めて少なくなってきている。こ
れは、悪臭公害が主たる理由であるが、その他農家自体
が手間や汚さを嫌うほか衛生上の問題もある。Currently, most of human frozen land is treated using the activated sludge method in treatment plants or treatment tanks, or collected and dumped at sea, and direct return to farmland or composting is becoming extremely rare. The main reason for this is bad odor pollution, but there are also other hygiene issues as well as farmers themselves not liking the hassle and mess.
しかし活性汚泥法では大量の余剰汚泥が発生する。現在
この余剰汚泥は焼却したり埋め立てしているが、含水率
が高いため莫大な燃料を消費するし、土地の不足や悪臭
問題で埋め立てもままならない。また海上投棄も汚染の
点から抑制されつつある。However, the activated sludge method generates a large amount of surplus sludge. Currently, this surplus sludge is incinerated or landfilled, but the high moisture content consumes a huge amount of fuel, and the lack of land and odor problems make landfilling impossible. Dumping at sea is also being curtailed from the perspective of pollution.
ところで、深間自体優れた肥料である。これを費用をか
けて処理すること、更に処理の結果物たる余剰汚泥を焼
却することは大きな無駄である。By the way, deep water itself is an excellent fertilizer. It is a great waste to treat this at a high cost and to incinerate the excess sludge that is the result of the treatment.
そこで本発明者は、余剰汚泥や止座間に生石灰を加えて
攪拌し、脱水乾燥して粉化させる技術を開発した。これ
は、余剰汚泥や牛深尿中の水分が一部生石灰の消化に伴
って消費され、一部は消化による発熱によって蒸散し、
他の一部は性成した消石灰に吸着されて全体の含水率を
低下させるもので、適量の生石灰を用いると、パサパサ
した取り扱い易い粉状の優れたものが得られた。Therefore, the present inventor has developed a technique in which quicklime is added to the excess sludge and between the sludge, stirred, dehydrated and pulverized. This is because some of the water in excess sludge and cow urine is consumed as the quicklime is digested, and some of it is evaporated due to the heat generated by digestion.
The other part is adsorbed by the formed slaked lime and lowers the overall moisture content, and when an appropriate amount of quicklime is used, an excellent dry and easy-to-handle powder is obtained.
一般に、生石灰や消石灰は酸性土壌の中和材として広く
用いられているが、肥料の吸収促進作用があるため有機
肥料と併用しないと植物の軟弱化や土壌の疲弊を招く。Generally, quicklime and slaked lime are widely used as neutralizing agents for acidic soils, but since they have the effect of promoting absorption of fertilizers, if they are not used in combination with organic fertilizers, they will weaken plants and cause soil exhaustion.
この見地からすれば、本発明品は有機物質を多く含むた
め優れた土壌改良材と言うことができる。From this point of view, the product of the present invention can be said to be an excellent soil improvement material because it contains a large amount of organic substances.
しかし、撹拌混合によって系全体がアルカリ性になり且
つ高温（１００〜２００℃程度）になるので、水蒸気と
ともにアンモニアや硫化水素、メルカプタン等有機物に
由来するＮ系、Ｓ系の悪臭ガスが多量に発生する（割合
は、夫々的８０．５゜１０〜１５％）。従って、悪臭ガ
ス除去のために装置・工程が複雑になりコスト高になる
とともに作業環境を悪化させ、しかも得られた土壌改良
材は有機分の少ないものとなる。However, as the entire system becomes alkaline and heated to a high temperature (approximately 100 to 200°C) by stirring and mixing, a large amount of foul-smelling N- and S-based gases derived from organic substances such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and mercaptans are generated along with water vapor. (Ratio is 80.5°10-15% respectively). Therefore, the equipment and process for removing the foul-smelling gas become complicated, resulting in high costs and deteriorating the working environment, and furthermore, the obtained soil improvement material has a low organic content.
ガスの蒸散を防ぐために密閉状態で反応させると、水蒸
気の除去が出来ないためより多くの石灰物質を用いない
と反応物が団子状の塊となり、取り扱いにくくなる。ま
た、石灰物質による昇温を抑えるために湧石粉や中性陶
土を用いる技術もあるが、ガス発生の防止にはあまり効
果がない。If the reaction is carried out in a closed state to prevent gas evaporation, water vapor cannot be removed, so unless more lime material is used, the reactants will form lump-like lumps and become difficult to handle. There are also techniques that use spring stone powder or neutral china clay to suppress the rise in temperature caused by lime substances, but these are not very effective in preventing gas generation.
面、ガスは製品になってからも発生するので肥料分は経
時的に減少するうえ、人糞とか汚泥特有の臭気を発し取
り扱い難いものであった。On the other hand, gas is generated even after the product is made, so the fertilizer content decreases over time, and it also emits the characteristic odor of human excrement or sludge, making it difficult to handle.
本発明は上記欠点を解消し、肥料分に富みしかも臭気を
大幅に押さえるか略完全に除去した土壌改良材を提供す
ることを目的とする。そして本発明は、吸着能に優れた
天然産ゼオライト系鉱物の粉砕品を用い、反応時に発生
するアンモニアガス等を捕集して悪臭防止と肥料分の減
少防止を図るとともに、石灰物質による肥料の吸収促進
作用を抑え、更にその吸水性を利用して石灰物質による
乾燥を補強することを最大の特徴とする。The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and provide a soil improvement material that is rich in fertilizer and has odor significantly suppressed or almost completely eliminated. In addition, the present invention uses a crushed product of naturally produced zeolite minerals with excellent adsorption ability to collect ammonia gas etc. generated during the reaction to prevent bad odors and decrease in fertilizer content. The main feature is that it suppresses the absorption promoting effect and further utilizes its water absorbing properties to reinforce the drying effect caused by lime substances.
（処理対象）
本発明に於ける処理対象物としては、人の止座間、凍原
処理場や深間浄化槽の余剰汚泥、家畜・家禽の糞尿及び
これらの醗酵処理物、豆腐・ビール・乳製品その他各種
食品加工に伴う廃棄物汚泥、動物・魚介類解体廃棄物汚
泥等、主として動植物に由来する廃棄物が考えられる。(Targets to be treated) The objects to be treated in the present invention include human sludge, surplus sludge from frozen ground treatment plants and deep septic tanks, livestock/poultry excrement and fermented products thereof, tofu, beer, dairy products, etc. Wastes mainly derived from animals and plants can be considered, such as waste sludge from various food processing processes and waste sludge from dismantling animals and fish and shellfish.
その他、下水処理場からの余剰汚泥等も勿論用いられる
が、重金属等含有物のことを考慮すると土壌改良材とし
てはあまり好ましくない。In addition, surplus sludge from sewage treatment plants can of course be used, but it is not so preferred as a soil improvement material because it contains heavy metals and the like.
（石灰物質）
石灰物質としては、生石灰（不純物を含む）単独でもよ
いし或いは生石灰に珪酸苦土石灰、炭酸石灰、硫酸石灰
等各種の石灰化合物を数〜十数％混合したものを用いて
もよい。このうち発熱反応にあづかるのは、主として生
石灰及び珪酸苦土石灰である。また、発熱反応や熱分解
を抑制するものとして、滑石粉や中性陶土、硫酸バンド
等を数％程度混入してもよい。但しこれらの混入により
反応速度が遅くなる場合、撹拌混合後の養生により含水
率の低下を図る必要がある。(Lime substance) As the lime substance, quicklime (containing impurities) may be used alone, or a mixture of quicklime and various lime compounds such as magnesium silicate lime, carbonate lime, sulfate lime, etc. at several to ten-odd percent may be used. good. Among these, quicklime and silicate lime are mainly involved in exothermic reactions. Additionally, several percent of talcum powder, neutral china clay, sulfuric acid, and the like may be mixed in to suppress exothermic reactions and thermal decomposition. However, if the reaction rate is slowed down by these contaminations, it is necessary to reduce the water content by curing after stirring and mixing.
石灰物質は、粉体の形でも破砕品の形でも用いられる。Lime materials are used both in powder form and in crushed form.
粉体の場合は反応が速やかに起こり、破砕品の場合は溶
解して反応が始まるまで１０分程度攪拌する必要がある
。In the case of a powder, the reaction occurs quickly, and in the case of a crushed product, it is necessary to stir for about 10 minutes until it dissolves and the reaction begins.
石灰物質等は、止座間や余剰汚泥等の被処理物１００Ｋ
ｇ当たりその含水率に応じて１０〜８０Ｋｇ用いる。被
処理物の含水率が８５％程度の場合４０Ｋｇ前後では混
合物は団子状に固まったものとなり、６０〜７０Ｋｇ用
いるとパサパサの粉体状となる。Lime substances, etc. are treated in 100K, such as interstices and excess sludge.
10 to 80 kg is used depending on its moisture content per gram. When the moisture content of the material to be treated is about 85%, the mixture becomes lumpy when weighing around 40 kg, and becomes dry and powdery when using 60 to 70 kg.
５０Ｋｇ程度が丁度造粒等に適当である。止座間のよう
に含水率の高いもの（９８％程度）に対しては、６０〜
７０Ｋｇ程度が丁度良い。この割合は、生石灰が多い程
少な（なるが他の物質も吸水するため大きな差はない。About 50 kg is just suitable for granulation, etc. For items with high moisture content (approximately 98%), such as a stopper, 60~
About 70kg is just right. This ratio decreases as the amount of quicklime increases (although it does not make a big difference because other substances also absorb water).
また、天然産ゼオライト系鉱物自体吸水する（吸水率６
０〜８０％程度）ので、その割合によっても石灰物質の
量は変わる。In addition, naturally produced zeolite minerals themselves absorb water (water absorption rate 6
(approximately 0 to 80%), so the amount of lime substances varies depending on the proportion.
（天然産ゼオライト系鉱物）
天然産ゼオライト系鉱物は、シリカとアルミナが細孔を
持った規則的な立体構造を組み上げている白色の含水鉱
物であり、ガス吸着能、陽イオン交換能その他触媒能等
多様な機能を有している。(Naturally produced zeolite minerals) Naturally produced zeolite minerals are white hydrated minerals in which silica and alumina are assembled into a regular three-dimensional structure with pores. It has various functions such as
しかし、天然品数不純物（主として粘土、一部シリカ）
を２０〜８０％も含み精製も困難なため工業的には殆ど
用いられず、従来はその保肥力に着目して主として破砕
品を土壌改良材に用いている程度である。However, natural products contain a number of impurities (mainly clay, some silica)
Since it contains 20 to 80% of fertiliser, it is difficult to purify, so it is hardly used industrially, and conventionally the crushed product has been mainly used as a soil improvement material, focusing on its fertilizing ability.
本発明はそのガス吸着能特に優れたアンモニア吸着能に
着目したものであるが、破砕品では十分な効力を発揮し
ない。また生石灰と異なり汚泥等と混合攪拌した程度で
は粉化しない。そこで本発明では粉砕品（５０メソシュ
程度以下）を用いる。The present invention focuses on its gas adsorption ability, particularly its excellent ammonia adsorption ability, but crushed products do not exhibit sufficient effectiveness. Also, unlike quicklime, it does not turn into powder when mixed and stirred with sludge, etc. Therefore, in the present invention, a pulverized product (approximately 50 mesosh or less) is used.
また、天然産ゼオライトは５００℃以下（通常２００〜
３００℃程度）の温度で焼成すると吸着能が向上するこ
とが知られているので、破砕品を焼成後粉砕するとか、
粉砕品を造粒後焼成したものを用いるとより効果がある
。更に、ゼオライト粉末に水酸化鉄粉末やアルカリ物質
を混合すると硫化水素等硫黄系物質の吸着能が大幅に向
上する。In addition, naturally produced zeolite is below 500℃ (usually 200℃~
It is known that sintering at a temperature of about 300°C improves the adsorption capacity, so it is possible to crush the crushed product after sintering.
It is more effective to use a pulverized product that is granulated and then fired. Furthermore, when iron hydroxide powder or an alkaline substance is mixed with zeolite powder, the ability to adsorb sulfur-based substances such as hydrogen sulfide is greatly improved.
但し、加工度が高くなるほどコストが嵩む。However, the higher the degree of processing, the higher the cost.
使用割合は、被処理物の含水率や組成にもよるが１００
Ｋｇ当たり５〜３０Ｋｇ程度用いれば十分である。不使
用の場合、攪拌装置の開口部近傍では呼吸出来ない程の
アンモニアガス等が発生するが、１０〜１５Ｋｇも用い
るとアンモニア臭気を余り感じない程であった。尚、こ
のゼオライト粉末は生石灰による発熱昇温を抑える効果
がある。The usage rate depends on the moisture content and composition of the material to be treated, but
It is sufficient to use about 5 to 30 kg per kg. When not used, ammonia gas and the like are generated near the opening of the stirrer to the extent that it is impossible to breathe, but when 10 to 15 kg was used, the odor of ammonia was hardly felt. Note that this zeolite powder has the effect of suppressing the heat generation caused by quicklime.
（その他の添加物）
更に、ＣＭＣ（カルボキシメチルセルロース）とか澱粉
類を、生屋尿や余剰汚泥１００Ｋｇに対し少量（０，５
〜２Ｋｇ程度）加えてお（と、造粒した場合筋れにく（
取り扱い易（なるとともに、臭気を閉じ込める働きもす
る。しかも水に溶は易く、施用した場合の不都合がない
。(Other additives) Furthermore, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) and starches are added in small amounts (0.5
~2Kg) (and, when granulated, it is less likely to streak (
It is easy to handle (and also works to trap odors). Moreover, it is easily soluble in water, so there are no inconveniences when applied.
（製造方法・装置）
しかして、上記各材料の所定量を攪拌装置に投入し攪拌
・混合する。攪拌装置は、内容物が均−且つ確実に混合
されれば形式は問わないが、あまりに急激な攪拌及び装
置内の換気が不十分なものは発生する蒸気の速やかな除
去が不十分になり、この水分を反応物が取り込んで団子
状になる。(Manufacturing method/apparatus) Then, a predetermined amount of each of the above-mentioned materials is put into a stirring device and stirred and mixed. The type of stirring device does not matter as long as the contents are mixed evenly and reliably, but if the stirring device is too rapid and the ventilation inside the device is insufficient, the generated vapor will not be removed quickly enough. This moisture is taken up by the reactants and they form into dumplings.
第１図及び第２図は本発明に用いられる攪拌装置（１１
の一例で、２本の回転軸（２）・（２）に夫々多数のブ
レード（３）・・・を固定した２軸式のものである。ま
た、上部に被処理物投入用ホッパー（４）、石灰物質及
びゼオライト用の投入口（５）、排気口（６）・（６）
、下部に開閉底（７）を設ける。ホッパー（４）は計量
装置付きのもので、被処理物はベルトコンベア（８）或
いはパイプ等でホ・７バー（４）に送り込まれる。石灰
物質とかゼオライト粉末は計量したものをパイプで投入
してもよい。Figures 1 and 2 show the stirring device (11) used in the present invention.
This is an example of a two-shaft type in which a large number of blades (3) are fixed to two rotating shafts (2), (2), respectively. In addition, there is a hopper (4) for inputting the material to be treated at the top, an input port (5) for lime substances and zeolite, and an exhaust port (6).
, an opening/closing bottom (7) is provided at the bottom. The hopper (4) is equipped with a weighing device, and the material to be processed is sent to the ho-7 bar (4) via a belt conveyor (8) or a pipe. Lime substances or zeolite powder may be metered and added through a pipe.
攪拌は１０〜３０回転／分程度の割合で、処理量９石灰
物質の種類形状等に応じて５〜２０分程度程度う。か（
すると生石灰の消化反応は急激に進み、生石灰の割合に
応じて幾分湿り気がある状態（４５〜５０％以下）から
幾分バテバサした状態（３５〜４０％程度）の反応混合
物が得られる。Stirring is carried out at a rate of about 10 to 30 revolutions/minute for about 5 to 20 minutes depending on the type and shape of the lime material to be treated. mosquito(
Then, the digestion reaction of the quicklime proceeds rapidly, and a reaction mixture is obtained that is either slightly moist (45 to 50% or less) to somewhat sticky (about 35 to 40%) depending on the proportion of quicklime.
攪拌終了後、反応混合物（Ｋ）はベルトコンベア（９）
により篩別機（１０）に送られ、大きいものは更に破砕
機（１１）により細かくされて製品即ち土壌改良材（Ｓ
）となる。攪拌装置（１１から出た反応混合物の温度は
５０〜８０℃程度であり、ベルトコンベア（９）上でも
水分の蒸発が行なわれる。そして、脱水粉化が良好に行
われたものはそのまま直ちに袋詰めにし、製品の含水率
が多い場合は数時間乃至数日養生した後袋詰めする。After stirring, the reaction mixture (K) is transferred to the belt conveyor (9).
are sent to a sieve (10), and large ones are further crushed into pieces by a crusher (11) to produce a product, that is, a soil improvement material (S
). The temperature of the reaction mixture coming out of the stirring device (11) is about 50 to 80°C, and the water is evaporated on the belt conveyor (9).Then, the mixture that has been successfully dehydrated and powdered is immediately put into bags. If the product has a high moisture content, it is cured for several hours to several days before being packed into bags.
一方、発生する大量の蒸気（Ｈ）及び少量のアンモニア
ガス等（Ｇ）はダクト（１２）・（１２）を通ってシャ
ワー塔（１３） （省略可）及び脱臭塔（１４）を通過
し系外に排出される。脱臭剤としては活性炭やゼオライ
ト造粒品を用いる。この際、シャワー塔（１３）及び脱
臭塔（１４）による圧力損失により排気力が落ちるのを
防ぐため数馬力程度のモーター（１５）・・・を数個使
用するとよい。ホッパー（４）開口部及び投入口（５）
が、空気（Ａ）の流入口となる。On the other hand, a large amount of generated steam (H) and a small amount of ammonia gas, etc. (G) pass through ducts (12), (12), shower tower (13) (optional) and deodorizing tower (14), and pass through the system. It is discharged outside. Activated carbon or zeolite granules are used as the deodorizer. At this time, in order to prevent exhaust power from decreasing due to pressure loss due to the shower tower (13) and deodorizing tower (14), it is preferable to use several motors (15) each having a capacity of several horsepower. Hopper (4) opening and inlet (5)
becomes the inlet for air (A).
ゼオライトを使用しない場合には、アンモニアその他の
悪臭ガスが大量に発生し、この程度の除去装置では全く
不十分である。そして大量のアンモニアガスの除去を完
全にするために水槽を通すと、圧力差が大きくなり過ぎ
て攪拌装置（１）内の水蒸気の速やかな除去は殆ど不可
能になり、混合物中に取り込まれ反応物は団子状になる
〔効果〕
上記した如く、本発明は止座尿や余剰汚泥に石灰物質と
ともに天然産ゼオライト系鉱物の粉砕品を加え均一に撹
拌混合して脱水粉化させるものである。If zeolite is not used, a large amount of ammonia and other foul-smelling gases will be generated, and this level of removal equipment is completely inadequate. When a large amount of ammonia gas is passed through a water tank to completely remove it, the pressure difference becomes so large that it becomes almost impossible to quickly remove the water vapor in the stirring device (1), which is incorporated into the mixture and reacts. [Effect] As described above, in the present invention, a crushed product of naturally occurring zeolite minerals is added together with a lime substance to retained urine or surplus sludge, and the mixture is uniformly stirred and mixed to dehydrate it into powder.
従って、脱水、固化、乾燥をほとんど同時に行なうため
処理（製造）時間が非常に短く、石油等の燃料をまった
く使用しないため低コストで処理できるうえ、アンモニ
アガスその他の悪臭ガスの発生も殆どなく、装置も廃ガ
スや廃水に留意しなくて良いので簡単ですむ。Therefore, since dehydration, solidification, and drying are performed almost simultaneously, the processing (manufacturing) time is extremely short, and since no fuel such as petroleum is used, the processing can be done at low cost, and there is almost no generation of ammonia gas or other foul-smelling gases. The equipment is simple as there is no need to pay attention to waste gas or waste water.
得られた製品は、消石灰と有機物及び天然産ゼオライト
系鉱物粉砕品の混合体で優れた土壌改良材であり、尿尿
や余剰汚泥の処理とともに一石二鳥である。The resulting product is a mixture of slaked lime, organic matter, and crushed naturally produced zeolite minerals, and is an excellent soil improvement material, which can kill two birds with one stone in addition to treating urine and excess sludge.
しかも深床や余剰汚泥特有の嫌な臭気が殆ど無く、且つ
適宜な水分により粒状等に成型されているため、搬送、
保管、使用に便利であり、農家は勿論、一般家庭での使
用にも十分耐えるものである。In addition, there is almost no unpleasant odor characteristic of deep beds and excess sludge, and since it is formed into granules with appropriate moisture, it is easy to transport,
It is convenient to store and use, and can be used not only by farmers but also by ordinary households.
尚、我国の土壌は一般に酸性が強く、耕地には通常大量
の石灰質資材（生石灰や消石灰等）が投入されている。In addition, soil in Japan is generally highly acidic, and large amounts of calcareous materials (quicklime, slaked lime, etc.) are usually input to cultivated land.
本発明の土壌改良剤は、水酸化カルシウムを主成分とし
、主原料たる生石灰に含まれていた燐酸やカリの他、止
座尿や余剰汚泥中の有機質が濃縮してそのまま含まれて
いる。従って、酸性土壌の中和剤とともに肥料としての
役割も幾分果たす結果、施肥量を減らすことができる。The soil conditioner of the present invention has calcium hydroxide as its main component, and in addition to the phosphoric acid and potassium contained in quicklime, which is the main raw material, it also contains concentrated organic matter from excreta and surplus sludge. Therefore, it plays a role as a fertilizer as well as a neutralizer for acidic soil, and as a result, the amount of fertilizer applied can be reduced.
更に、保肥力に優れた天然産ゼオライト系鉱物の粉砕品
が石灰物質の肥料吸収促進作用を抑え肥料の流出を防ぐ
。Furthermore, the crushed product of naturally produced zeolite minerals, which have excellent fertilizer retention ability, suppresses the fertilizer absorption promoting effect of lime substances and prevents fertilizer from flowing out.
また施用した場合、非常に溶解し易すく、即効性を示す
。本発明者が実験したところ、施してから１週間位で植
物に吸収され、肥効性が現れた。Furthermore, when applied, it dissolves very easily and exhibits immediate effects. When the present inventor conducted an experiment, it was absorbed by the plants in about one week after application, and the fertilizer effect appeared.
この肥料としての効果は、処理する汚泥の種類によるこ
とは当然である。例えば、鶏糞の如く水分の少ないもの
は、土壌改良剤中の有機質が多くなる。Naturally, the effectiveness of this fertilizer depends on the type of sludge being treated. For example, if the soil conditioner contains less moisture, such as chicken manure, the organic matter will be higher.
次に本発明者が行なった実験結果を示す。 Next, the results of experiments conducted by the present inventor will be shown.
実験例 １
人の牛深間（含水率９８％程度）ＩＫｇを容器に取り、
生石灰の破砕品（炭酸カルシウム９３．１％）７００ｇ
及びゼオライト造粒品（ＣＢＣＩ７０〜１８０）１００
ｇを加え、撹拌棒を用いて１８分間毎分１０回程度の割
合で攪拌した。攪拌開始後１０〜１２分程度で程度か急
激に始まり、全体の温度が１００℃以上になった。そし
て、消化・吸水及び蒸散により水分が減少し、パサパサ
の粉体状の土壌改良材が得られた。Experimental example 1 Take Ikg of human beef (moisture content about 98%) in a container,
Crushed quicklime (calcium carbonate 93.1%) 700g
and zeolite granules (CBCI70-180) 100
g was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred using a stirring bar at a rate of about 10 times per minute for 18 minutes. About 10 to 12 minutes after the start of stirring, the stirring started rather suddenly, and the overall temperature reached 100°C or higher. Then, the water content was reduced through digestion, water absorption, and transpiration, and a dry, powdery soil improvement material was obtained.
攪拌中、アンモニア臭が幾分感じられたが、ゼオライト
造粒品を使用しない場合に比べて極端に少なかった。得
られた土壌改良材の分析結果を表−１に示す。During stirring, some ammonia odor was felt, but it was extremely less than when no zeolite granules were used. Table 1 shows the analysis results of the soil improvement material obtained.
実験例 ２
生石灰破砕品の代わりに、生石灰６０％、珪酸苦土石灰
１０％、炭酸石灰２０％、滑石及び中性陶土各５％の石
灰物質（粉末状）を７０に、用い、他は実験例１と同様
にして反応させた。この場合昇温は攪拌開始後２〜３分
程度で始まり、昇温の程度は実験例１よりも幾分低かっ
た。Experimental Example 2 Instead of crushed quicklime, lime material (powder) containing 60% quicklime, 10% magnesium silicate lime, 20% carbonate lime, 5% each of talc and neutral china clay was used in 70, and the rest were experimental. The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. In this case, the temperature increased about 2 to 3 minutes after the start of stirring, and the degree of temperature increase was somewhat lower than in Experimental Example 1.
得られた土壌改良材の分析結果を表−１に示す。Table 1 shows the analysis results of the soil improvement material obtained.
実験例 ３
第１図に示す攪拌装置に、含水率７５％程度の深間処理
汚泥１０’ＯＫｇと実験例２で用いた石灰物質５０Ｋｇ
及びゼオライト造粒品１０Ｋｇを投入し、毎分１０〜２
０回転で１５分間攪拌したところ、含水率４２％程度の
土壌改良材が得られた。Experimental Example 3 10 kg of deep-treated sludge with a moisture content of about 75% and 50 kg of lime material used in Experimental Example 2 were placed in the stirring device shown in Figure 1.
and 10 kg of zeolite granules, and
After stirring for 15 minutes at 0 rotations, a soil improvement material with a moisture content of about 42% was obtained.
表−１Table-1
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図は本発明土壌改良材の製造装置の概略図、第２図
は同じく攪拌装置の概略側面図である。
１・・・・・・攪拌装置
４・・・・・・ホッパー
５・・・・・・投入口
６・・・・・・排気口
Ｋ・・・・・・反応混合物
Ｓ・・・・・・土壌改良材
Ｈ・・・・・・水蒸気
Ｇ・・・・・・悪臭ガスBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing a soil improvement material of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a stirring device. 1... Stirring device 4... Hopper 5... Input port 6... Exhaust port K... Reaction mixture S...・Soil improvement material H...Water vapor G...Off-smelling gas
Claims (1)
灰を主体とするか或いは生石灰のみからなる石灰物質と
天然産ゼオライト系鉱物の粉砕物を加えて撹拌混合し、
脱水粉化することを特徴とする土壌改良材の製造方法。 ２、撹拌混合時に発生する水蒸気を、十分な換気により
除去するものである、特許請求の範囲第１項記載の土壌
改良材の製造方法。 ３、汚泥や生屎尿・糞尿等の被処理物１００Ｋｇに対し
、被処理物の含水率に応じて１０〜８０Ｋｇの石灰物質
と５〜３０Ｋｇの天然産ゼオライト系鉱物粉砕物を加え
、撹拌混合して脱水粉化させたことを特徴とする土壌改
良材。[Scope of Claims] 1. A lime substance consisting mainly of quicklime or only quicklime and a crushed product of naturally produced zeolite minerals are added to sludge, human raw urine, livestock/poultry manure, and mixed by stirring. ,
A method for producing a soil improvement material characterized by dehydrating it into powder. 2. The method for producing a soil improvement material according to claim 1, wherein water vapor generated during stirring and mixing is removed by sufficient ventilation. 3. Add 10 to 80 kg of lime material and 5 to 30 kg of crushed naturally produced zeolite minerals, depending on the moisture content of the material to be treated, to 100 kg of the material to be treated, such as sludge, human waste, excrement, etc., and stir and mix. A soil improvement material characterized by being dehydrated and turned into powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61161437A JPS6317986A (en) | 1986-07-09 | 1986-07-09 | Soil improving material and production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61161437A JPS6317986A (en) | 1986-07-09 | 1986-07-09 | Soil improving material and production thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6317986A true JPS6317986A (en) | 1988-01-25 |
Family
ID=15735094
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61161437A Pending JPS6317986A (en) | 1986-07-09 | 1986-07-09 | Soil improving material and production thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6317986A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04363387A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1992-12-16 | Yoshihiko Takeshita | Soil improver for plant culture and its production |
| JP2008006434A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2008-01-17 | Excelsior Inc | Excreta treating agent and excreta treatment method using it |
| JP2009226354A (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Jfe Engineering Corp | Method for treating organic sludge |
| GR20160100128A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-11-22 | Στυλιανος Εμμανουηλ Κουμαρτζακης | Olive mill sludge treatment system using zeolite and lime |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51124581A (en) * | 1975-04-17 | 1976-10-30 | Tokikazu Emoto | Soil conditioning organiccinorganic compound fertilizer |
| JPS5288169A (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1977-07-23 | Jiyuuka Nougiyou Kaihatsu Kk | Process for producing manuring effective soil conditioner from sewage sludge and chicken* swine and cattle manures |
| JPS52154768A (en) * | 1976-06-16 | 1977-12-22 | Suekichi Yokoi | Method of disposal of industrial and general wastes and sludges |
-
1986
- 1986-07-09 JP JP61161437A patent/JPS6317986A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51124581A (en) * | 1975-04-17 | 1976-10-30 | Tokikazu Emoto | Soil conditioning organiccinorganic compound fertilizer |
| JPS5288169A (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1977-07-23 | Jiyuuka Nougiyou Kaihatsu Kk | Process for producing manuring effective soil conditioner from sewage sludge and chicken* swine and cattle manures |
| JPS52154768A (en) * | 1976-06-16 | 1977-12-22 | Suekichi Yokoi | Method of disposal of industrial and general wastes and sludges |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04363387A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1992-12-16 | Yoshihiko Takeshita | Soil improver for plant culture and its production |
| JPH0823012B2 (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1996-03-06 | 義彦 竹下 | Soil conditioner for plant cultivation and method for producing the same |
| JP2008006434A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2008-01-17 | Excelsior Inc | Excreta treating agent and excreta treatment method using it |
| JP2009226354A (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Jfe Engineering Corp | Method for treating organic sludge |
| GR20160100128A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-11-22 | Στυλιανος Εμμανουηλ Κουμαρτζακης | Olive mill sludge treatment system using zeolite and lime |
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