JPS63173954A - Ultrasonic diagnosing apparatus - Google Patents
Ultrasonic diagnosing apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63173954A JPS63173954A JP62004924A JP492487A JPS63173954A JP S63173954 A JPS63173954 A JP S63173954A JP 62004924 A JP62004924 A JP 62004924A JP 492487 A JP492487 A JP 492487A JP S63173954 A JPS63173954 A JP S63173954A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- vibrator
- lambda
- ultrasonic
- resonance mode
- pulser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 240000007182 Ochroma pyramidale Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000287107 Passer Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004351 coronary vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002305 electric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の目的〕
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は２周波駆動が可能な超音波探触子を用いた超音
波診断装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus using an ultrasonic probe that can be driven at two frequencies.
（従来の技術）
近年、超音波診断装置の普及はめざましく、超音波探触
Ｐも含め、その種類は多種多様に渡っている。その中で
心臓等の血流を見るべくドツプラ信号をとらえ表示する
装置が注目をあびている。(Prior Art) In recent years, ultrasonic diagnostic apparatuses have become widespread, and there are a wide variety of types, including ultrasonic probes P. Among these, devices that capture and display Doppler signals in order to monitor blood flow in the heart, etc., are attracting attention.
特にこの装置は心臓の冠状動脈の血流観測を目標に、超
音波探触子、診断装置の両面から研究、開発が行われて
いる。また、現有ドツプラ装置の多機能化とも併せて血
流の表示のみならずＢモード像等の断層像も表示できる
装置が望まれている。In particular, this device is being researched and developed as both an ultrasound probe and a diagnostic device, with the goal of observing blood flow in the coronary arteries of the heart. Furthermore, in conjunction with the multifunctionalization of existing Doppler devices, there is a desire for a device that can display not only blood flow but also tomographic images such as B-mode images.
このような装置を実現するために超音波探触子に望まれ
る性能としては、血流に対しては駆動周波数が低くても
８Ｎ比が良いもの、Ｂモード像に対しては駆動周波数が
高くて高分解能特性を有するものということが挙げられ
る。この要求を通常の基本の共振モードを利用している
超音波探触子において実現するためには、広い周波数帯
域をもち、しかも挿入損が小さいことが望まれる。しが
し、一般の超音波探触子では上記の両者を同時に満たす
ことはその周波数帯域から困難であった。In order to realize such a device, the desired performance of an ultrasound probe is a good 8N ratio for blood flow even at a low driving frequency, and a high driving frequency for B-mode images. One example of this is that it has high resolution characteristics. In order to meet this requirement in an ultrasonic probe that uses a normal fundamental resonance mode, it is desired that the probe has a wide frequency band and low insertion loss. However, it is difficult for general ultrasound probes to simultaneously satisfy both of the above requirements due to their frequency bands.
一方、ドツプラ用装置とは限らない通常の超音被診断装
置に望まれる性能として、生体の浅部から深部まで高感
度高分解能の画像を得るということが挙げられる。そこ
で、装置においては浅部と深部のゲインを変えられる８
ＴＣ機能や多段フォーカス機能等が開発され、用いられ
るようになりた。しかしながら上記のように基本の共振
のみを利用している従来の超音波探触子ではおのずと限
界があった。On the other hand, the desired performance of a normal ultrasonic diagnostic device, not necessarily a Doppler device, is the ability to obtain high-sensitivity, high-resolution images from shallow to deep parts of a living body. Therefore, in the device, it is possible to change the gain in the shallow and deep areas.
TC functions, multi-stage focus functions, etc. have been developed and are now in use. However, as mentioned above, conventional ultrasonic probes that utilize only fundamental resonance naturally have their limitations.
そこで複数の共振周波数をもった超音波探触子が検討さ
れるようになった。このような超音波探触子には大きく
分けて２種類考えられる。特開昭５８−６２５５４号公
報に示されているように共振周波数の異なる複数個の振
動子を平面上に並べるというものと、特開昭５８−４５
５５１号公報に示されているように、圧電素子を積層し
、圧電素子の間に中間層を入れ、駆動する素子の数を選
択するというものである。しかしながら、前者は複数の
周波数の超音波ビームの方向を同一にすることが難しい
ことや超音波探触子が大型化になるという欠点がある。Therefore, ultrasonic probes with multiple resonant frequencies have been studied. There are roughly two types of such ultrasonic probes. As shown in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 58-62554, a plurality of vibrators with different resonant frequencies are arranged on a plane, and in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-45,
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 551, piezoelectric elements are stacked, an intermediate layer is inserted between the piezoelectric elements, and the number of elements to be driven is selected. However, the former has disadvantages in that it is difficult to make the directions of ultrasound beams of multiple frequencies the same and that the ultrasound probe becomes larger.
また後者も電極リードの数が通常の探触子より多く必要
となり、探触子の大型化を招いたり、中間層があること
により構造の複雑化によりアレイ型超音波探触子におい
ては特性のバラツキが起きやすい等の問題点があった。The latter also requires a larger number of electrode leads than a normal probe, leading to an increase in the size of the probe, and the presence of an intermediate layer complicates the structure, making the characteristics of an array-type ultrasonic probe unsuitable. There were problems such as the tendency for variations to occur.
その他車板の圧電振動子の高調波を用いるという方法も
考えられるが、この方法では高調波の共振レベルが低下
してしまうこと、高調波が基本共振に対して３倍の周波
数に現われるため、周波数が離れてしまうこと、機械的
品質係数Ｑｍが比較的大きな材料でなければ高次共振モ
ードが良好に現われない等の問題点がある。Another method is to use the harmonics of the piezoelectric vibrator of the car plate, but this method lowers the resonance level of the harmonics and the harmonics appear at a frequency three times that of the fundamental resonance. There are problems such as the frequencies being far apart and the higher-order resonance mode not appearing well unless the material has a relatively large mechanical quality factor Qm.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
上述のように従来より検討されてきた複数の駆動周波数
を有する超音波探触子では様々の欠点があり、実用化に
は至っていなかった。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, the ultrasonic probes having a plurality of drive frequencies that have been studied in the past have various drawbacks and have not been put into practical use.
本発明は、これらの欠点を解消するために成されたもの
であり、２種類の駆動周波数による超音波ビームを同一
方向に放射することが可能で、さらに電極リードの数を
通常の超音波探触子の場合と同数にすることができる特
徴を有する超音波探触子を用い、周波数帯域を考慮した
バルサとフィルタの組合わせによる超音波診断装置を提
供するものである。The present invention has been made to eliminate these drawbacks, and it is possible to emit ultrasound beams with two types of driving frequencies in the same direction, and furthermore, the number of electrode leads can be reduced compared to that of ordinary ultrasound probes. The present invention provides an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus using an ultrasonic probe having the feature that it can be made in the same number as a probe, and a combination of a balsa and a filter in consideration of the frequency band.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明は、圧電振動子に前記圧電振動子とほぼ同等の音
響インピーダンスを有する板材をｍ層したλ／４型駆動
超音波探触子において２種類の周波数帯域を有する送受
信系で前記超音波探触子を駆動させる超音波診断装置を
提供するものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a λ/4-type driven ultrasonic probe in which a piezoelectric vibrator has m layers of plates having approximately the same acoustic impedance as the piezoelectric vibrator. The present invention provides an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in which the ultrasonic probe is driven by a transmitting/receiving system having a frequency band.
特にバルサとフィルタの組合わせとして、低周波駆動時
に、低周波の周波数成分を含むバルサと低域通過フィル
タ、高周波駆動時に高周波の周波数成分を含むバルサと
高域通過フィルタという超音波診断装置を提供するもの
である。In particular, as a combination of a balsa and a filter, we provide ultrasonic diagnostic equipment that includes a balsa and a low-pass filter that contain low frequency components when driven at low frequencies, and a balsa and high-pass filter that contains high frequency components when driven at high frequencies. It is something to do.
本発明で使用する超音波探触子の構成は、特開昭６０−
４１３９９号公報に示されている。この発明ではＥ ｔ
ｔ振動子として圧電セラミックに限定しであるが本発明
において使用するＥＥ電電動動子してはＩＩＦ、１ｉセ
ラミツクの他高分子ｌ１ｌＥ電体、複合圧電体等が挙げ
られる。The configuration of the ultrasonic probe used in the present invention is as follows:
It is shown in Japanese Patent No. 41399. In this invention, E t
Although the t-oscillator is limited to piezoelectric ceramics, the EE electric motors used in the present invention include IIF and 1I ceramics, as well as polymeric 111E electric materials, composite piezoelectric materials, and the like.
また、超音波探触子の通常の構成材として音響整合層が
あるが、本発明では２種類の駆動周波数があるため、整
合層の厚さも一意に決める必要はなく、目的に応じて適
宜調整すればよい。またバ、中ング材に関しては、所望
の共振が励振される程度の音響インピーダンスであれば
、その材質等について特に限定はしない。In addition, although there is an acoustic matching layer as a normal component of an ultrasound probe, since there are two types of driving frequencies in the present invention, the thickness of the matching layer does not need to be uniquely determined, and can be adjusted as appropriate depending on the purpose. do it. Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the material of the bar or middle material, as long as the acoustic impedance is sufficient to excite the desired resonance.
（作用）
本発明ではＥＥ’！振動子に該圧電振動子とほぼ同等の
音響インピーダンスを有する板材を積層したことにより
、両者は一体振動をする。その結果大きく現われる共振
モードとして、振動子と板材の界面が撮動の節になり圧
電振動子の音波放射面側が撮動の腹になる１／４波長の
モードと、圧電振動子の両端が振動の腹になる１／２波
長のモードがある。そしてこの両共振モードは、単板の
場合の高調波モードと異なり、同程度の強度レベルを有
している。(Function) In the present invention, EE'! Since the vibrator is laminated with a plate material having almost the same acoustic impedance as the piezoelectric vibrator, the two vibrate integrally. As a result, the resonance modes that appear significantly include a 1/4 wavelength mode in which the interface between the vibrator and the plate becomes the imaging node and the sound wave emission surface side of the piezoelectric vibrator becomes the antinode of the imaging, and a 1/4 wavelength mode in which both ends of the piezoelectric vibrator vibrate. There is a 1/2 wavelength mode that is the antinode of . And unlike the harmonic mode in the case of a single plate, both of these resonance modes have comparable intensity levels.
このような圧電振動子を用いることにより低周波側の共
振周波数をｆｒとした時高周波側がほぼ２ｆｒとなる２
種類の共振が励振されるため、同一の音波放射面から異
なる周波数の超音波ビームが同方向に放射される。しか
も、電極リードの数は単板で単一の共振周波数を利用す
る通常の超音波探触子と同数である。By using such a piezoelectric vibrator, when the resonance frequency on the low frequency side is set to fr, the resonance frequency on the high frequency side becomes approximately 2fr2.
Since different types of resonances are excited, ultrasound beams of different frequencies are radiated in the same direction from the same sound wave emitting surface. Moreover, the number of electrode leads is the same as that of an ordinary ultrasonic probe that uses a single plate and uses a single resonant frequency.
また、励起される２種類の共振の強度レベルは圧電振動
子と接合する板材の厚さの比や音嚇インピーダンスの比
、または音響整合層の厚さまたはバッキング材の音響イ
ンピーダンスの大小等目的に応じて自由に変えることが
できる。In addition, the intensity level of the two types of resonance to be excited depends on the purpose, such as the ratio of the thickness of the plate material to be joined to the piezoelectric vibrator, the ratio of the acoustic impedance, the thickness of the acoustic matching layer, or the magnitude of the acoustic impedance of the backing material. You can change it freely according to your needs.
一方、診断装置側においては、２種類の共振を有効に利
用し、画周波数を分離するため、周波数帯域の異なるパ
ルサやフィルタを用いた方が好ましい。On the other hand, on the diagnostic equipment side, in order to effectively utilize two types of resonance and separate image frequencies, it is preferable to use pulsers and filters with different frequency bands.
（実施例） 以下図面を参照して本発明の詳細な説明する。(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明に係る超音波探触子の断面図である。［
、！振動子ｌとして東芝セラミックス製王菟セラミック
下９６材を用いた。また板材３も下９６材を用い、電極
２．２′も含め一体焼成によりλ／４型駆動圧電振動子
を試作した０また・圧電振動子１と板材３の厚さはそれ
ぞれ２５０μｍ。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an ultrasound probe according to the present invention. [
,! As the vibrator 1, Toshiba Ceramics' Ouo Ceramic Shimo96 material was used. Also, the plate material 3 was made of 96 material, and a λ/4-type drive piezoelectric vibrator was fabricated by integral firing including the electrodes 2 and 2'.The thickness of the piezoelectric vibrator 1 and the plate material 3 was 250 μm each.
１８０μｍとした。これは、バッキング材６としてフェ
ライトゴムを用いたためであり、板材３を薄くしたこと
により、電極２′にλ／４の共振モードの節が生じるよ
うにしたためである。λ／４型駆動揚動板とバッキング
材６はセメダイン１５６５を用い接着した（接着剤層５
）。昔話整合層４はスタイキャスト２６５１ＭＭ（ブレ
ース・ジャパン製）を用い、λ／２の共振モードに合う
様その厚さをｍ整した。It was set to 180 μm. This is because ferrite rubber was used as the backing material 6, and by making the plate material 3 thinner, nodes of the λ/4 resonance mode were created in the electrode 2'. The λ/4 type drive lift plate and the backing material 6 were adhered using Cemedine 1565 (adhesive layer 5
). For the folktale matching layer 4, Stycast 2651MM (manufactured by Brace Japan) was used, and its thickness was adjusted to m to match the resonance mode of λ/2.
次に第２図に示した送受信系を構成した。まずλ／４の
共振モード用としてバルサ２１ （ｆ＝３．１ＭＨｚ。Next, the transmitting/receiving system shown in FIG. 2 was constructed. First, a balsa 21 (f=3.1MHz) is used for the λ/4 resonance mode.
２波の正弦波バースト）と受信部にｆｒ＝４ＭＨｚの低
域通過フィルタ２２を用いた。一方、λ／２の共振モー
ド用としてパｋ サ２４ （ｆ ＝ ６．４ＭＨｚ 。2-wave sine wave burst) and a low-pass filter 22 with fr=4 MHz was used in the receiving section. On the other hand, a passer 24 (f = 6.4 MHz) is used for the resonance mode of λ/2.
３波の正弦波バースト）と受信部にｆｃ＝５ＭＨｚの高
域通過フィルタ２５を用いた。そして共通のレシーバ２
３を接続した。第２回でフィルタはレシーバ２３の前段
に置かれているが−（ルサ２１．２４の後段に設置して
もよい超音波探触子２６はスイッチによりどちらかに接
続される。なお、このスイッチは実用上はトランジスタ
等の電気的スイッチが応答速度の点で望ましい。3-wave sine wave burst) and a high-pass filter 25 with fc = 5 MHz was used in the receiving section. and common receiver 2
3 was connected. Although the filter is placed before the receiver 23 in the second example, the ultrasonic probe 26, which may be installed after the Lusa 21 and 24, is connected to either side by a switch. In practice, an electrical switch such as a transistor is preferable from the viewpoint of response speed.
第３図はパルスエコー法により測定したエコー波と、そ
の周波数スペクトラムである。第３図（ａ＼（ｂ）はイ
ンパルス駆動を行った場合の例であり、λ／４とλ／２
の両共振が同程度に生じており、整合層４の厚さがλ／
２の共振モードに調整されテイルノカワカル。第３′図
（Ｃ）、（ｄ）、（ｅ）、（ｆ）は第２図に示した送受
信系を用いた時の結果である。第３図（Ｃ）、（ｄ）は
バルサ２１、フィルタ２２を用いてλ／４の共振モード
の送受信を行った場合で、第３図（ｅ） 、（ｆ） Ｇ
ｔパルサ２４．７４ル＃２５を用いてλ／２の共振モー
ドの送受信を行った場合であり、両共振モードが完全に
分離されたことがわかる。FIG. 3 shows an echo wave measured by the pulse echo method and its frequency spectrum. Figure 3 (a\(b) is an example of impulse driving; λ/4 and λ/2
Both resonances occur to the same degree, and the thickness of the matching layer 4 is λ/
It is adjusted to the second resonance mode. FIGS. 3' (C), (d), (e), and (f) show the results when the transmitting/receiving system shown in FIG. 2 is used. Figures 3(C) and 3(d) show the case where λ/4 resonance mode is transmitted and received using the balsa 21 and filter 22, and Figure 3(e) and (f) G
This is a case where the λ/2 resonance mode was transmitted and received using the t pulser #25, and it can be seen that both resonance modes were completely separated.
なお、本実施例の場合、エコー波形の波高値は、λ／２
の共振モードの方が約６ｄｎ高くなっているが、これは
縄合層の１ヴさをλ／２の共振モードに合うようＭ４ｇ
シたためである。In addition, in the case of this example, the peak value of the echo waveform is λ/2
The resonance mode of λ/2 is higher by about 6dn, but this is because the height of the rope layer is adjusted to match the resonance mode of λ/2.
This is because it happened.
以上述べたように本発明によればλ／４型駆動振動子を
用いたことにより単一共振周波数を利用している通常の
超音波探触子と同数の電極Ｑ ＋ドで異なる２周波の駆
動ができ、放射される２種類の超音波ビームも超音波探
触子の構造上同方向とな６゜また、パルサとレシーバの
組合わせにより２周波を完全に分離することができ、そ
の２周波を異なった目的で使用することができる。As described above, according to the present invention, by using a λ/4 type drive transducer, two different frequencies can be generated using the same number of electrodes Q+do as in a normal ultrasonic probe that uses a single resonant frequency. Due to the structure of the ultrasonic probe, the two types of ultrasonic beams that are emitted are in the same direction.In addition, the two frequencies can be completely separated by the combination of a pulser and a receiver. Frequencies can be used for different purposes.
第１図は本発明に係る超音波探触子の断面図、第２図は
本発明に係る超音波論断装置の超音波送受信部を表わす
ブロック：：４、第３図は２周波の分離を示した一例で
ある。
１・・・ＥＥ電電動動子
２．２′・・・電極
３・・・板材、
４・・・音響整合層、
５・・・接着剤層、
６°°６パツキング材、
２１．２４・・・パルサ、
２２．２５・・・フィルタ、
２３・・・レシーバ、
２６・・・超音波探触子。
代理人 弁理士 則 近 憲 佑
同 竹 花 喜久男
第 １ 図
第２図
（υ］
（Ｃ）
ｔｅ）
第
（ｂ）
ＣすFig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic probe according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the ultrasonic transmitting/receiving section of the ultrasonic disjunction device according to the present invention: 4, and Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the separation of two frequencies. This is an example. 1... EE electric motor 2.2'... Electrode 3... Plate material, 4... Acoustic matching layer, 5... Adhesive layer, 6°°6 Packing material, 21.24. ...Pulser, 22.25...Filter, 23...Receiver, 26...Ultrasonic probe. Agent Patent Attorney Noriyuki Ken Yudo Takehana Kikuo Figure 1 Figure 2 (υ] (C) te) Part (b) Csu
Claims (2)
ンピーダンスを有する板材を積層した超音波探触子にお
いて、２種類の周波数帯域を有する送受信系で前記超音
波探触子を駆動することを特徴とした超音波診断装置。(1) In an ultrasonic probe in which a piezoelectric vibrator is laminated with a plate material having almost the same acoustic impedance as the piezoelectric vibrator, the ultrasonic probe is driven by a transmission/reception system having two types of frequency bands. An ultrasonic diagnostic device featuring:
ィルタを組合わせ、高周波の周波数成分を含むパルサと
高域通過フィルタを組合わせたことを特徴とする特許請
求の範囲第１項記載の超音波診断装置。(2) Claim 1, characterized in that a pulser containing a low-frequency frequency component and a low-pass filter are combined, and a pulser containing a high-frequency frequency component and a high-pass filter are combined. Ultrasound diagnostic equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62004924A JPS63173954A (en) | 1987-01-14 | 1987-01-14 | Ultrasonic diagnosing apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62004924A JPS63173954A (en) | 1987-01-14 | 1987-01-14 | Ultrasonic diagnosing apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63173954A true JPS63173954A (en) | 1988-07-18 |
Family
ID=11597153
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62004924A Pending JPS63173954A (en) | 1987-01-14 | 1987-01-14 | Ultrasonic diagnosing apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63173954A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5212671A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1993-05-18 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Ultrasonic probe having backing material layer of uneven thickness |
-
1987
- 1987-01-14 JP JP62004924A patent/JPS63173954A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5212671A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1993-05-18 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Ultrasonic probe having backing material layer of uneven thickness |
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