JPS63154231A - Conical die for liquid operated plastic pipe expansion - Google Patents
Conical die for liquid operated plastic pipe expansionInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63154231A JPS63154231A JP61298079A JP29807986A JPS63154231A JP S63154231 A JPS63154231 A JP S63154231A JP 61298079 A JP61298079 A JP 61298079A JP 29807986 A JP29807986 A JP 29807986A JP S63154231 A JPS63154231 A JP S63154231A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- die
- conical
- rod
- dies
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、発電機用非磁性保持リングをつくる目的で円
筒形被工作物を高液圧により冷間塑性拡管加工する技術
の改良に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in the technique of cold plastic pipe expansion of a cylindrical workpiece using high hydraulic pressure for the purpose of producing a non-magnetic retaining ring for a power generator.
（従来の技術）
フランス特許第１２２９８６１号には円筒形被工作物を
上下から円すい形ダイスで挾みプレスにより加圧状態を
維持しながらその円すい面でシールされた内部空間に高
液圧を導入して拡管加工する技術が開示されている。(Prior art) French Patent No. 1229861 discloses that a cylindrical workpiece is sandwiched from above and below with conical dies, and high hydraulic pressure is introduced into the internal space sealed by the conical surface while maintaining the pressurized state using a press. A technique for pipe expansion processing is disclosed.
特公昭５２−２５０２はその改良技術で、第４図に示す
よって、液圧により発生する上下方向の大荷重を減する
目的で、中心の円柱形ロッド（１）の外周寸法とほぼ同
一寸法の内径を持つ１対の円すい形外周面の環状のダイ
ス［２） ＋３）間にリング状の被工作物（４）を挿入
し、ダイスＬ２） ＋３）をプレス機の上位の加だ盤（
５）およびスペーサ（６）と下位の可動盤（７）とによ
り相互接近方向に加圧するようにし、この被工作物（４
）と円すい形ダイスｔ２） （３）との接触面（８）
＋９）が１つのシールとなり、さらに円すい形ダイス（
２） ＋３）と中心ロッド（１）との間のシールαＯＣ
１υを他のシールとし、これらによって液封される中心
ロッド（１）と被工作物（４）との間の環状の閉込め空
間は圧力室＠として油等の流体を充し、ロッド（１）内
に設けられた流体の導孔ｑ３を通してポンプ（Ｉ４）に
よりこの圧力室υ内の流体の圧力を上昇ｔしめ、でらに
プレス可動盤（７）の上昇によって円すい形ダイスを相
互接近させながら、被工作物（４）のへ圧型性拡管加工
を行うものである。Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-2502 is an improved technology for this, as shown in Figure 4, for the purpose of reducing the large load in the vertical direction generated by hydraulic pressure, a rod with approximately the same dimensions as the outer circumference of the central cylindrical rod (1) is used. A ring-shaped workpiece (4) is inserted between a pair of annular dies [2) +3) with an inner diameter and a conical outer circumferential surface, and the die L2) +3) is placed on the upper adder plate (
5), the spacer (6), and the lower movable platen (7) are pressurized in the mutually approaching direction.
) and the contact surface (8) with the conical die t2) (3)
+9) becomes one seal, and a conical die (
2) Seal αOC between +3) and center rod (1)
1υ is used as another seal, and the annular confined space between the center rod (1) and the workpiece (4), which is liquid-sealed by these, is filled with fluid such as oil as a pressure chamber @, and the rod (1 ) The pressure of the fluid in this pressure chamber υ is increased by the pump (I4) through the fluid guide hole q3 provided in ), and the conical dies are brought closer to each other by raising the press movable platen (7). At the same time, the workpiece (4) is expanded by pressure molding.
０Ｑは油受、αＱは支管である。0Q is an oil pan and αQ is a branch pipe.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
液圧塑性加工技術において上下方向に作用する力を減す
るため円柱形ロッド（１）を円すい形ダイス［２） （
３）の中心孔を通して設ける第４図の従来技術では、こ
のロッド（１）とダイス［２） （３）との間に設ける
ンール叫σＶが円すい形ダイスの形状と関連して重要で
、これらが適切でないと実作業は困難になる。すなわち
このシールα０ａρは円すい形ダイスの最も厚肉部に設
けられているが、この場合は被工作物（４）を拡管する
目的の液圧によって円すい形ダイスの中心孔側から全高
にわたつて内圧が負荷され、内圧負荷表面積が過大のた
め円すい形ダイスが破損に到ることがある。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In order to reduce the force acting in the vertical direction in hydraulic plastic processing technology, a cylindrical rod (1) is replaced with a conical die [2] (
In the prior art shown in Fig. 4 where the rod (1) is provided through the center hole of the rod (1) and the die [2] (3), the hole diameter σV provided between the rod (1) and the die [2] and (3) is important in relation to the shape of the conical die. If it is not appropriate, actual work will be difficult. In other words, this seal α0aρ is provided at the thickest part of the conical die, but in this case, the internal pressure is applied over the entire height from the center hole side of the conical die by the hydraulic pressure for the purpose of expanding the workpiece (4). is loaded, and the conical die may break due to the excessive internal pressure load surface area.
また円すい形ダイスはロッドとの隙間で内圧を前記のよ
うに受けるとともに、外周側の円、すい面にはリング状
被工作物（４）との接触面（８） （９）までの範囲で
外圧を受ける。圧媒は流体であるので単位面積当シの圧
力は同一であるが、負荷面積は外周側が大きく、拡管の
進行に伴って大きくなる。さらに外周側に加工時に被工
作物からの反力を受ける。このことにより円すい形ダイ
スの小径側は内周方向に歪むことになり、加工中にロッ
ドに焼付きを生じることになり、加工後の解体作業が極
めて困難になり実作業を行う上で致命的な問題となる。In addition, the conical die receives internal pressure as described above in the gap between it and the rod, and the outer circumferential circle and cone surface have areas up to the contact surfaces (8) and (9) with the ring-shaped workpiece (4). subject to external pressure. Since the pressure medium is a fluid, the pressure per unit area is the same, but the load area is larger on the outer peripheral side and increases as the pipe expands. Furthermore, the outer circumferential side receives reaction force from the workpiece during machining. As a result, the small diameter side of the conical die becomes distorted in the inner circumferential direction, causing seizure of the rod during machining, making dismantling work after machining extremely difficult and fatal to actual work. This becomes a problem.
（問題点を解決するだめの手段）
前記の円すい形ダイスは上下方向の力が作用するだけの
通常のピストン・シリング゛と異り、ロッドとの関係で
は内圧が作用し、また被工作物との関係では外圧が作用
し、この外圧が被工作物の拡管の進行に伴いそれとの接
触面の移動により変化するので、加工過程の各段階で内
圧と外圧とが極力均衡するような位置を選んでロッド、
タイス間のシールを設ける。すなわち円すい形ダイスに
設けるシールの位置は、ダイスの小径端でも大径端でも
なく、ダイスの外周側のテーバ角度が２０〜４０の場合
のシール位置は、小径端よりダイス全高の２０〜５０％
の位置とするのが適切である。(Meaning to solve the problem) Unlike a normal piston sill, which only receives vertical force, the conical die described above has internal pressure acting on it in relation to the rod, and also In this relationship, external pressure acts, and this external pressure changes due to the movement of the contact surface with the workpiece as the tube expands, so choose a position where the internal pressure and external pressure are balanced as much as possible at each stage of the machining process. with rod,
Provide seals between ties. In other words, the position of the seal provided on the conical die is neither the small diameter end nor the large diameter end of the die, and when the taper angle on the outer circumferential side of the die is 20 to 40, the seal position is 20 to 50% of the total height of the die from the small diameter end.
The appropriate position is
また円すい形ダイスの歪に関して、ダイスの内径側への
歪は小径端ほど大きい。これに対して円すい形ダイスの
中心孔を小径端ほど大きい径となるようにテーバ状にす
ると、拡管加工中に内径側への小径端の歪はテーバ寸法
の範囲で吸収でれ、中心ロッドへの圧接焼付きが起らな
いようになる。テーバ寸法およびテーバ範囲は円すい形
ダイスの肉厚寸法により決定するが１、テーバ角度は通
常０．０５〜０．５が適切である。Regarding the distortion of the conical die, the distortion toward the inner diameter side of the die is larger at the smaller diameter end. On the other hand, if the center hole of the conical die is made into a tapered shape so that the smaller diameter end becomes larger, the strain at the small diameter end toward the inner diameter during tube expansion can be absorbed within the range of the tapered dimension, and the center rod Pressure welding seizure will not occur. The Taber dimension and Taber range are determined by the wall thickness of the conical die; however, the Taber angle is normally 0.05 to 0.5.
この対策は簡単でありかつ有効な唯−的な対策である。This countermeasure is simple and the only effective countermeasure.
（作用）
円すい形外周部のテーバ角度が２０〜４０”のダイスと
中心ロッドとの間のシール位置を小径端より全高の２０
〜５０％の位置とすることにより、円すい形ダイスの内
側から負荷される内圧の面積が小さくなり、円すい形ダ
イスに発生するフープ応力が低くなりダイスの破損が避
・けられる。(Function) The sealing position between the die with a conical outer circumferential taper angle of 20 to 40" and the center rod is 20" in total height from the small diameter end.
By setting it at a position of ~50%, the area of the internal pressure applied from the inside of the conical die becomes small, the hoop stress generated in the conical die becomes low, and breakage of the die is avoided.
また円錐形ダイスの中心孔に小径端に向って拡がるテー
バを設けることにより、ロッド外径面との摺動が円滑と
なり、拡管加工中のプ１ノス力が軽減されるとともに、
加工中の油膜切れ状態での摺動によって起る焼付きが回
避され、拡管加工終了後の解体作業が容易となシ、反復
拡管する場合の作業能率が上シ、かつダイス等・の使用
工具類を損傷でセて解体を強行するような必要がなくな
る。In addition, by providing a taper in the center hole of the conical die that widens toward the small diameter end, sliding with the outer diameter surface of the rod becomes smooth, reducing the force exerted during tube expansion.
Seizure caused by sliding when the oil film runs out during processing is avoided, and disassembly work after the pipe expansion process is completed is facilitated. Work efficiency is improved when repeatedly expanding the pipe, and tools such as dies can be used. There is no need to force the dismantling of the building due to damage.
（実施例）
以下、本発明を第１〜６図を参照し実施例に即して具体
的に説明する。第１図は本発明実施例の円すい形ダイス
を用いた液圧塑性拡管加工装置を示し、第２図はそのダ
イスを示す０この円すい形環状ダイス（２Ａ）（５Ａ）
は中心孔σηの側に全高さく至）の小径端より０．６Ｈ
の高さ位置にシール（１０Ａ）（１１Ａ）が設けられて
おシ中心の円柱形ロッド（１）にはめられｔたときにロ
ッドとの間をシールする。（至）はロッドスペーサであ
る。被工作物（４）はダイス（２Ａ） （５Ａ）の円す
い形外周面に保持され、ダイス（２Ａ）（３Ａ）は下位
の抑圧シリンダαす、ラム（１）からなる可動盤（７）
に経路Ｑυを経て導入されるプレス圧（Ｐｌ）の圧液を
導入することにより上位の加圧盤（５）との間に相互接
近方向に加圧される。プレス圧（Ｐｌ）は制御のため圧
力計翰で計測される０
被工作物（４）とダイス（２Ａ）（１）の円すい形外周
との接触面（８） （９）は１つのシールとなり、これ
らシールにより液封される圧力室＠には経路四を経て調
圧された拡管圧力（Ｐ、）の圧液が導入され、この圧力
（Ｐ、）は制御のため圧力計（財）で計測される。(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained based on examples with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Fig. 1 shows a hydraulic plastic pipe expansion device using a conical die according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows the die.
is 0.6H from the small diameter end of the total height on the side of the center hole ση.
Seals (10A) and (11A) are provided at the height of the rod, and when they are fitted into the cylindrical rod (1) at the center of the rod, they seal the space between the rod and the rod. (to) is a rod spacer. The workpiece (4) is held on the conical outer circumferential surface of dies (2A) (5A), and the dies (2A) (3A) are attached to a movable platen (7) consisting of a lower suppression cylinder α and a ram (1).
By introducing pressure liquid of press pressure (Pl) into the upper pressure plate (5) through the path Qυ, pressure is applied between the upper pressure plate (5) and the pressure plate (5) in a direction toward each other. The press pressure (Pl) is measured with a pressure gauge for control. The contact surfaces (8) and (9) between the workpiece (4) and the conical outer periphery of the die (2A) (1) form one seal. , Pressure liquid at the regulated expansion pressure (P,) is introduced through route 4 into the pressure chamber @ sealed by these seals, and this pressure (P,) is measured by a pressure gauge (Foundation) for control. be measured.
この加工装置の本体部の構造、機能は、第４図に示すも
のとほぼ同様であり、円すい形ダイス（２Ａ）（５Ａ）
のくさび効果で被工作物（４）の端部が加工され、同時
に起る円すい形ダイスの接近で予め充されている圧液の
圧力が上昇し、端部以外の個所が加工される。被工作物
の形状、寸法、円すい形ダイスの寸法、中心ロッドの寸
法によって圧力の上昇率は異なるので、加工後の形状が
直円筒となるよう、圧力ＰＩ、Ｐ！は調圧される。The structure and function of the main body of this processing device are almost the same as those shown in Fig. 4, and conical dies (2A) (5A)
The edge of the workpiece (4) is machined due to the wedge effect, and at the same time, the pressure of the pre-filled pressurized fluid increases due to the approach of the conical die, and parts other than the edge are machined. Since the rate of increase in pressure varies depending on the shape and dimensions of the workpiece, the dimensions of the conical die, and the dimensions of the center rod, the pressures PI, P! is regulated.
本発明の円すい形ダイス（２Ａ）（３Ａ）を使用するこ
とにより、円すい形ダイスの内径側から作用する液圧の
受圧面積が減じられ前記のようにして円すい形ダイスの
破損は回避される。By using the conical dies (2A) (3A) of the present invention, the pressure receiving area of the hydraulic pressure acting from the inner diameter side of the conical die is reduced, and damage to the conical die is avoided as described above.
第６図は本発明の他の実施例の円すい形ダイス（２Ｅ）
（１）を示す。この実施例では、中心孔ｑηの部分には
シール（１０Ｂ）（１１Ｂ）の近傍から小径端に向って
０．２Ｈの高さに外波がシのテーパ（ホ）が設けられて
いる。この実施例のテーパ（イ）の角度は０．１となっ
ているが、これは円すい形外周面の傾斜角が２６．５近
傍であることに対応さぜたもので傾斜角が２０〜４りの
範囲ではテーパ角は０．０５〜０．５°の程度である。Figure 6 shows a conical die (2E) according to another embodiment of the present invention.
(1) is shown. In this embodiment, a taper (E) with an external wave is provided in the center hole qη at a height of 0.2H from the vicinity of the seals (10B) (11B) toward the small diameter end. The angle of the taper (A) in this example is 0.1, but this corresponds to the fact that the inclination angle of the conical outer peripheral surface is around 26.5, and the inclination angle is 20 to 4. In this range, the taper angle is on the order of 0.05 to 0.5°.
テーパ（２）の範囲は小径側がよく小径端より１／３Ｈ
程度とする。The range of taper (2) is better on the small diameter side and 1/3H from the small diameter end.
degree.
全高にわたってテーパを施してもよいが、内径の大きさ
によって中間高さに設けたシール材が破損する怖がある
。Although a taper may be applied over the entire height, there is a risk that the sealing material provided at the intermediate height may be damaged depending on the size of the inner diameter.
（発明の効果）
以上のように液圧塑性拡管加工を本発明の・円すい形ダ
イスを使用して行うと、ダイスの破損が防止され、ダイ
スの中心円柱形ロッドへの焼付きが防止され、プレス力
が軽減され、調圧による加工制御は容易化し、成形完了
後の解体が容易で加工作業能率が上る等の効果がある。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, when the hydraulic plastic tube expansion process is performed using the conical die of the present invention, breakage of the die is prevented, seizure of the central cylindrical rod of the die is prevented, Pressing force is reduced, processing control by pressure adjustment is facilitated, disassembly is easy after molding is completed, and processing efficiency is improved.
第１図は本発明の円すい形ダイスを用いた液圧塑性拡管
加工装置の縦断側面図、第２図は・本発明の１実施例の
円すい形ダイスの縦断側面図、第３図は本発明の他の実
施例の円すい形ダ本スの縦断側面図、第４図は従来技術
の液圧塑性拡管加工装置の縦断側面図である。
（１）ｅ−円柱形ロッド、（２） （２Ａ）（２Ｂ）
ｔ３） （５Ａ）（５Ｂ）・・円すい形ダイス、（４）
・・被工作物、（５）・′・加圧盤、（６）Φ命スペー
サ、（７）・・可動盤、（８） （９）−・接触面、α
ＩＱＩ） （１０Ａ）（１１Ａ）（ＩＯＢ）（１１Ｂ）
・・シール、＠・・圧力室、０・・導孔、α荀・・ポン
プ、（ト）・・油受、ａＱ・・支管、ση・・中心孔、
（７）・Ｑロッドスペーサ、Ｑｌ、・・押上シリンダ、
（ホ）・−ラム、り］）（財）・・経路、＠（ハ）・・
圧力計、（２）・・テーパ、（ＰＩ）・・プレスＥＥ、
（Ｐ、）・・拡管圧力、■・・円すいダイス高さ。Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of a hydraulic plastic tube expansion processing apparatus using a conical die of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of a conical die according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of a conical die according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a conical duplex according to another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a conventional hydraulic plastic tube expansion processing apparatus. (1) e-cylindrical rod, (2) (2A) (2B)
t3) (5A) (5B) Conical die, (4)
・Workpiece, (5)・′・Pressure plate, (6) Φ spacer, (7)・Movable plate, (8) (9)−・Contact surface, α
IQI) (10A) (11A) (IOB) (11B)
...Seal, @...Pressure chamber, 0...Guiding hole, α...Pump, (G)...Oil holder, aQ...Branch pipe, ση...Center hole,
(7)・Q rod spacer, Ql, push-up cylinder,
(e)・−ram,ri])(goods)・・route, @(c)・・
Pressure gauge, (2)...Taper, (PI)...Press EE,
(P,)...Pipe expansion pressure, ■...Conical die height.
Claims (2)
接近方向に押圧される環状ダイスの円すい形外周面間に
円筒形被工作物を挾持し、円柱形ロッドと円筒形被工作
物との間の環状空間に液圧を導入して被工作物の液圧塑
性拡管加工を行うようにしたものにおいて、環状ダイス
の内周にその小径部より全高の部分高さに該当する位置
に円柱形ロッドに対するシールを設けたことを特徴とす
る液圧塑性拡管加工用の円すい形ダイス。(1) A cylindrical workpiece is sandwiched between the conical outer peripheral surfaces of a pair of annular dies that are fitted onto the outer periphery of a central cylindrical rod and pressed in the approaching direction, and the cylindrical rod and cylindrical workpiece are In a device that performs hydraulic plastic pipe expansion of a workpiece by introducing hydraulic pressure into the annular space between the annular die and the annular die, a A conical die for hydroplastic pipe expansion, characterized by having a seal for a cylindrical rod.
端ほど大径となる小角度のテーパ状に形成した特許請求
の範囲第１項記載の液圧塑性拡管加工用の円すい形ダイ
ス。(2) A conical shape for hydroplastic pipe expansion according to claim 1, wherein the inner periphery of the annular die is tapered at a small angle between the small diameter end and the seal so that the diameter becomes larger as the small diameter end increases. dice.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61298079A JPS63154231A (en) | 1986-12-15 | 1986-12-15 | Conical die for liquid operated plastic pipe expansion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61298079A JPS63154231A (en) | 1986-12-15 | 1986-12-15 | Conical die for liquid operated plastic pipe expansion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63154231A true JPS63154231A (en) | 1988-06-27 |
| JPH051096B2 JPH051096B2 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
Family
ID=17854878
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61298079A Granted JPS63154231A (en) | 1986-12-15 | 1986-12-15 | Conical die for liquid operated plastic pipe expansion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63154231A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04322830A (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1992-11-12 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Hydraulic pressure plastic tube expansion working device |
| CN102554010A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-11 | 佛山市顺德区燉煌五金塑料实业有限公司 | Tee forming equipment |
| CN102601250A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Liquid medium-based expanding device for shape memory alloy pipe joint |
| CN105583310A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-05-18 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Hole-enlarging deforming device and method for metal pipe fitting |
| CN109676000A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of deep camber thin-wall member resisting medium external pressure shaping device |
-
1986
- 1986-12-15 JP JP61298079A patent/JPS63154231A/en active Granted
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04322830A (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1992-11-12 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Hydraulic pressure plastic tube expansion working device |
| CN102554010A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-11 | 佛山市顺德区燉煌五金塑料实业有限公司 | Tee forming equipment |
| CN102601250A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-07-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Liquid medium-based expanding device for shape memory alloy pipe joint |
| CN105583310A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-05-18 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Hole-enlarging deforming device and method for metal pipe fitting |
| CN109676000A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of deep camber thin-wall member resisting medium external pressure shaping device |
| CN109676000B (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-11-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of deep camber thin-wall member resisting medium external pressure shaping device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH051096B2 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |