JPS6313254A - Fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp - Google Patents
Fluorescent high-pressure mercury lampInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6313254A JPS6313254A JP15816686A JP15816686A JPS6313254A JP S6313254 A JPS6313254 A JP S6313254A JP 15816686 A JP15816686 A JP 15816686A JP 15816686 A JP15816686 A JP 15816686A JP S6313254 A JPS6313254 A JP S6313254A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- phosphor
- pressure mercury
- lamp
- mercury lamp
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910019990 cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910019655 synthetic inorganic crystalline material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002730 mercury Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は演色性を改善した蛍光高圧水銀灯に関し、とく
に高圧水銀灯において外管内面に被着形成される蛍光物
質に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp with improved color rendering properties, and more particularly to a fluorescent material deposited on the inner surface of the outer bulb of the high-pressure mercury lamp.
従来の技術
蛍光高圧水銀灯は、その優れた寿命特性により屋外照明
を中心にして広く一般照明に使用されている代表的な高
圧放電灯の一つである。このランプの欠点は演色性が低
いことにあり、Ｃ，１，Ｅ。Background of the Invention Fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamps are one of the typical high-pressure discharge lamps that are widely used for general lighting, mainly outdoor lighting, due to their excellent longevity characteristics. The disadvantage of this lamp is its poor color rendering, which is C,1,E.
の平均演色評価数Ｒａは４３程度であった。近年、蛍光
高圧水銀灯の演色性改善が試みられ、従来の赤色蛍光体
に加えて青緑色蛍光体を付加することにより、そのＲａ
は５５程度にまで改善された。The average color rendering index Ra was about 43. In recent years, attempts have been made to improve the color rendering properties of fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamps, and by adding a blue-green phosphor in addition to the conventional red phosphor, the Ra
has improved to about 55.
しかしながら、この改善された演色性を有する蛍光高圧
水銀灯においても屋内照明用に使用するにはなお不充分
であり、広く普及するには至っていない。このように従
来方法において演色性改善が充分になされない理由の一
つは、高圧水銀灯の発光管から放出されている４０５ｎ
ｓおよび４３６ｎｍの水銀輝線出力が強すぎるためであ
ることが知られている。この水銀輝線出力に関しては、
例えば、４０５ｎｍ出力については酸化チタン被膜を利
用するなどして抑制することができるものであるが、こ
のように単に水銀輝線を抑制することはランプ効率の低
下を伴うために不適当であると考えられていた。すなわ
ち、従来の演色改善形高圧水銀灯では前記短波長青色域
の水銀輝線を抑制することなく演色性の改善をはかって
いるため、その改善も充分ではなく屋内照明に広く普及
させていくためには、なお一層の改善が望まれていた。However, even this fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp having improved color rendering properties is still insufficient for use in indoor lighting, and has not become widely used. One of the reasons why color rendering properties cannot be improved sufficiently in conventional methods is that 405n, which is emitted from the arc tube of a high-pressure mercury lamp,
It is known that this is because the mercury emission line output at s and 436 nm is too strong. Regarding this mercury bright line output,
For example, 405 nm output can be suppressed by using a titanium oxide film, but we believe that simply suppressing the mercury emission line in this way is inappropriate because it will reduce lamp efficiency. It was getting worse. In other words, in conventional high-pressure mercury lamps with improved color rendering, the color rendering properties are improved without suppressing the mercury bright lines in the short wavelength blue region, so the improvement is not sufficient and it is necessary to make it widely available for indoor lighting. , further improvement was desired.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
このような事情に基づいて、最近短波長青色域に吸収を
有する蛍光体が開発され、前記短波長青色域の水銀輝線
を抑制することによって生じるランプ効率の低下を防止
する検討がなされている。Problems to be Solved by the Invention Based on these circumstances, a phosphor that absorbs in the short wavelength blue region has recently been developed, and it is possible to suppress the reduction in lamp efficiency caused by suppressing the mercury emission line in the short wavelength blue region. Studies are underway to prevent this.
例えば、上記短波長青色域に吸収を有する蛍光体として
Ｙ３ＡｅｓＯ＋ｔ： Ｃｅ”（以下、一般式としてＹＡ
Ｇ：Ｃｅ”十と略記する）を用い、赤色蛍光体とともに
高圧水銀灯に適用して演色性の改善を試みた例が米国特
許第４０３４２５７号明細書に開示されているが、その
ランプのＲａは５１程度と満足なものは得られていない
。For example, as a phosphor having absorption in the short wavelength blue region, Y3AesO+t:Ce'' (hereinafter, the general formula is YA
U.S. Pat. No. 4,034,257 discloses an example in which an attempt was made to improve color rendering by applying G:Ce" (abbreviated as "0") to a high-pressure mercury lamp together with a red phosphor, but the Ra of the lamp was The score was about 51, which was not satisfactory.
本発明は、短波長青色域の水銀輝線を抑制した高圧水銀
灯に係り、とくにその演色性を大幅に改善した蛍光高圧
水銀灯を提供するものである。The present invention relates to a high-pressure mercury lamp in which mercury emission lines in the short wavelength blue region are suppressed, and particularly to a fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp with significantly improved color rendering properties.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明の蛍光高圧水銀灯は、可視輻射と紫外線輻射とを
放出する蛍光管と、この発光管を囲む外管と、この外管
内面に被着形成された蛍光体被膜とを備え、前記蛍光体
被膜は前記外管内面のガラス側に形成され、発光時４４
０ｎ−ないし５４０ｎｍの波長領域に発光ピークを有す
る蛍光体と発光時６００ｎｓないし６６０ｎｍの波長領
域に発光ピークを有する蛍光体とから成る第１の層と、
前記外管内面の発光管側に形成され３価のセリウムで付
活されたイツトリウムアルミネート蛍光体（ＹＡＧ：Ｃ
ｅ”）を含有する第２の層とから構成されていることを
特徴とするものである。Means for Solving the Problems The fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp of the present invention comprises a fluorescent tube that emits visible radiation and ultraviolet radiation, an outer tube surrounding the luminescent tube, and a phosphor coated on the inner surface of the outer tube. a coating, the phosphor coating is formed on the glass side of the inner surface of the outer tube, and the phosphor coating is formed on the glass side when emitting light.
A first layer consisting of a phosphor having an emission peak in a wavelength range of 0n to 540nm and a phosphor having an emission peak in a wavelength range of 600ns to 660nm when emitting light;
Yttrium aluminate phosphor (YAG:C) is formed on the arc tube side of the inner surface of the outer tube and activated with trivalent cerium.
e'').
作用
発光管から放出される短波長青色域の水銀輝線をＹＡＧ
：Ｃｅ’十が吸収するに際して、同時に用いている他の
蛍光体の発光をも吸収することを極力抑制することによ
り、ランプ効率の低下を伴うことなくその演色性を大幅
に改善することができる。The mercury emission line in the short wavelength blue region emitted from the working arc tube is YAG.
:By suppressing as much as possible the absorption of light emitted by other phosphors used at the same time when Ce'10 absorbs light, its color rendering properties can be greatly improved without reducing lamp efficiency. .
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明する
。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
実施例
実施例Ｉ
Ｙｏ、ｓｓＶ ０４： Ｅｕ”（１，（１５蛍光体（発
光ピーク波長：６１９ｎｍ）とＢａｏ、ｓＭｇ＋、ｓ３
Ａ ｅ＋４０２４： Ｅｕ”０．２゜Ｍｎ”０．０７蛍
光体（発光ピーク波長：５１５ｎｍ）を用い、これらの
重量混合比が７５７２５になるように秤量し、１％ニト
ロセルロース酢酸ブチル溶液２５０ｃｃに上記混合物２
５０ｇを入れ、よく混合した後濃度調整を行い１００ｗ
高圧水銀灯の外管内面に２．０＋Ｉ１ｇ／ｃｄの膜厚で
塗布し第１の層を構成した。次いで、ＹＡＧ ： Ｃｅ
”２５ｇを秤量し、２％エチルセルロース酢酸ブチル溶
液２５０ｃｃによく分散混合させた後、前記第１の層の
上に０．１ｍｇ／ｃｄの膜厚で塗布し第２の層を構成し
た。その後、通常のランプ製造工程を用いて１００ｗ蛍
光高圧水銀灯を作製した。得られたランプの光束は４７
５０ｅｎ＋。Examples Example I Yo, ssV 04: Eu”(1, (15 phosphor (emission peak wavelength: 619 nm) and Bao, sMg+, s3
A e+4024: Eu"0.2°Mn"0.07 phosphor (emission peak wavelength: 515 nm) was weighed so that the weight mixing ratio of these was 75725, and the above was added to 250 cc of a 1% nitrocellulose butyl acetate solution. mixture 2
Add 50g, mix well and adjust the concentration to 100w.
The first layer was formed by coating the inner surface of the outer bulb of a high-pressure mercury lamp with a film thickness of 2.0+I1 g/cd. Next, YAG: Ce
25 g was weighed, well dispersed and mixed in 250 cc of 2% ethyl cellulose butyl acetate solution, and then coated on the first layer at a film thickness of 0.1 mg/cd to form the second layer. A 100W fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp was manufactured using a normal lamp manufacturing process.The luminous flux of the obtained lamp was 47
50en+.
色温度４１００に、Ｒａは６１であり、従来の蛍光高圧
水銀灯のＲａが５０〜５５程度であるのに比べて演色性
が明らかに改善されているとともに、ＹＡＧ：Ｃｅ’十
の母体色である黄色が目立たず、ランプ外観も白く好ま
しいものであった。第１図に本実施例に用いたＹＡＧ：
Ｃｅ３＋蛍光体の分光反射スペクトルを示す。また、本
実施例による１００ｗ蛍光高圧水銀灯の分光分布を第２
図に示す。The color temperature is 4100, and the Ra is 61, which is clearly improved in color rendering compared to the Ra of conventional fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamps, which is about 50 to 55. The yellow color was not noticeable, and the lamp appearance was white and desirable. FIG. 1 shows YAG used in this example:
The spectral reflection spectrum of Ce3+ phosphor is shown. In addition, the spectral distribution of the 100W fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp according to this example was
As shown in the figure.
実施例２
実施例１と同様に構成された蛍光体層を４００ｗ用外管
内面に塗布して４００ｗ蛍光高圧水銀灯を作製した。得
られたランプの光束は２５３００ｅＩｍ。Example 2 A 400 W fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp was manufactured by applying a phosphor layer having the same structure as in Example 1 to the inner surface of a 400 W outer bulb. The luminous flux of the obtained lamp was 25,300 eIm.
色温度３８３０に、Ｒａは５８であり、明らかに改善さ
れた演色性を有するとともにランプの外観も白く、好ま
しいものであった。The color temperature was 3830, Ra was 58, and the color rendering properties were clearly improved, and the lamp had a white appearance, which was favorable.
実施例３
Ｙｏ、５ｓＶｏ、ｓＰｏ、ｓＯ４：Ｅｕ ｏ、ｏｓ蛍
光体（発光ピーク波長：６１９ｎｍ）と、Ｂ ａｏ、ａ
Ｍｇ＋ 、ｅ Ａ ｅ＋ ４０２４ ： Ｅｕｏ、２
． Ｍｎｏ、４蛍光体（発光ピーク波長：：５１７ｎｍ
）とＢａ（１，３Ｍｇ２Ａｅ１４０２４ ： ＥＬＩＯ
，ｌ蛍光体（発光ピーク波長：４５０ｎｍ）を用い、こ
れらの重量混合比が８５：１０：５になるように秤量し
、１％ニトロセルロース酢酸ブチル溶液を用いて分散混
合した後、１００ｗ高圧水銀灯の外管内面に３．０−ｇ
／ｃｊの膜厚で塗布し、第１の層を構成した。次いで、
アルミナ粉末２５ｇとＹＡＧ ：Ｃｅ”２５ｇを秤量し
、２％エチルセルロース酢酸ブチル溶液を用いて分散混
合した後、前記第１の層の上に０．２ｍｇ／ｃ−の膜厚
で塗布し、第２の層を構成した。その後、通常のランプ
製造工程を用いて１００ｗ蛍光高圧水銀灯を作製した。Example 3 Yo, 5sVo, sPo, sO4: Eu o, os phosphor (emission peak wavelength: 619 nm) and Bao, a
Mg+, e A e+ 4024: Euo, 2
．． Mno, 4 phosphor (emission peak wavelength:: 517 nm
) and Ba (1,3Mg2Ae14024: ELIO
, l phosphor (emission peak wavelength: 450 nm) was weighed so that the weight mixing ratio was 85:10:5, and after dispersion mixing using a 1% nitrocellulose butyl acetate solution, a 100W high-pressure mercury lamp was used. 3.0-g on the inner surface of the outer tube of
/cj to form the first layer. Then,
25 g of alumina powder and 25 g of YAG:Ce were weighed, dispersed and mixed using a 2% ethyl cellulose butyl acetate solution, and then coated on the first layer at a film thickness of 0.2 mg/c-. A 100W fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp was then fabricated using a normal lamp manufacturing process.
得られたランプの光束は４７００ｅ■２色温度３８５０
Ｋ。The luminous flux of the obtained lamp is 4700e ■2 color temperature 3850
K.
Ｒａは６０であり、明らかに改善された演色性を有する
とともにランプの外観も白く、好ましいものであった。Ra was 60, clearly improved color rendering properties, and the lamp had a white appearance, which was favorable.
実施例４
ｙｏ、ｓｓｖ Ｏ４： Ｅｕ ｏ、ｏｓ蛍光体と３．
５Ｍｇｏ・０．５ＭｇＦ２ ・ＧｅＯ＜：Ｍｎ 蛍光
体く発光ピーク波長：６５９ｎｍ）と５ｒ２Ｓｉ３０ｓ
・２ＳｒＣＱ２：Ｅｕ２＋蛍光体（発光ピーク波長：
４９０ｎ■）を用い、これらの重量混合比が６０：５：
３５になるように秤量し、１％ニトロセルロース酢酸ブ
チル溶液を用いて分散混合した後、１００Ｗ高圧水銀灯
の外管内面に２．０ｍｇ／ｃ＋Ｊの膜厚で塗布し、第１
の層を構成した。次いで、Ｙｏ、５ｓＶＯ＋：Ｅｕ
ｏ、ｏｓ蛍光体とＹＡＧ：Ｃｅ’十蛍光体をその重量混
合比が９６＝４となるように秤量し、２％エチルセルロ
ース酢酸ブチル溶液を用いて分散混合した後、前記第１
の層の上に１．０ｍｇ／ｃ−の膜厚で塗布し、第２の層
を構成した。その後、通常のランプ製造工程を用いて１
００ｗ蛍光高圧水銀灯を作製した。得られたランプの光
束は４５８０ｅｔＩ、色温度３７００Ｋ。Example 4 yo, ssv O4: Eu o, os phosphor and 3.
5Mgo・0.5MgF2 ・GeO<:Mn phosphor (emission peak wavelength: 659 nm) and 5r2Si30s
・2SrCQ2: Eu2+ phosphor (emission peak wavelength:
490n■), and the weight mixing ratio of these was 60:5:
After dispersing and mixing using a 1% nitrocellulose butyl acetate solution, it was applied to the inner surface of the outer tube of a 100W high-pressure mercury lamp at a film thickness of 2.0mg/c+J.
layer. Then Yo, 5sVO+:Eu
o, os phosphors and YAG:Ce' phosphors were weighed so that their weight mixing ratio was 96=4, and after dispersing and mixing them using a 2% ethyl cellulose butyl acetate solution, the first
The second layer was formed by coating the second layer on top of the second layer at a thickness of 1.0 mg/c-. Then, using normal lamp manufacturing process, 1
A 00W fluorescent high pressure mercury lamp was fabricated. The resulting lamp had a luminous flux of 4580etI and a color temperature of 3700K.
Ｒａは６３であり明らかに改善された演色性を有すると
ともにランプの外観も、好ましいものであった。Ra was 63, and the color rendering properties were clearly improved, and the appearance of the lamp was also favorable.
発明の詳細
な説明したように、本発明は演色性を大幅に改善し得る
とともに、ランプ外観の好ましさを損なうことな（ラン
プ効率の低下を極力抑制し得る蛍光高圧水銀灯を提供す
ることができるものである。As described in detail, the present invention provides a fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp that can significantly improve the color rendering properties and suppress the decline in lamp efficiency as much as possible without impairing the lamp appearance. It is possible.
反射スペクトルを示す図、第２図は本発明の実施例１に
示した蛍光高圧水銀灯の分光分布を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a reflection spectrum, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a spectral distribution of the fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp shown in Example 1 of the present invention.
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中尾敏男 ほか１名第１図 ＠２図 波長（７１ｍ）Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and one other person Figure 1 @Figure 2 Wavelength (71m)
Claims (1)
光管を囲む外管と、この外管内面に被着形成された蛍光
体被膜とを備え、前記蛍光体被膜は前記外管内面のガラ
ス側に形成され発光時４４０ｎｍないし５４０ｎｍの波
長領域に発光ピークを有する蛍光体と発光時６００ｎｍ
ないし６６０ｎｍの波長領域に発光ピークを有する蛍光
体とから成る第１の層と、前記外管内面の発光管側に形
成され３価のセリウムで付活されたイットリウムアルミ
ネート蛍光体を含有する第２の層とから構成されている
ことを特徴とする蛍光高圧水銀灯。It includes an arc tube that emits visible radiation and ultraviolet radiation, an outer tube that surrounds the arc tube, and a phosphor coating formed on the inner surface of the outer tube, and the phosphor coating covers the inner surface of the outer tube. A phosphor formed on the side and having an emission peak in the wavelength range of 440 nm to 540 nm when emitting light and a phosphor having an emission peak in the wavelength range of 600 nm when emitting light.
a first layer consisting of a phosphor having an emission peak in a wavelength range of 660 nm to 660 nm, and a first layer containing an yttrium aluminate phosphor activated with trivalent cerium and formed on the arc tube side of the inner surface of the outer tube. A fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamp characterized by comprising two layers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15816686A JPH079793B2 (en) | 1986-07-04 | 1986-07-04 | Fluorescent high pressure mercury lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15816686A JPH079793B2 (en) | 1986-07-04 | 1986-07-04 | Fluorescent high pressure mercury lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6313254A true JPS6313254A (en) | 1988-01-20 |
| JPH079793B2 JPH079793B2 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
Family
ID=15665711
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15816686A Expired - Fee Related JPH079793B2 (en) | 1986-07-04 | 1986-07-04 | Fluorescent high pressure mercury lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH079793B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100896587B1 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2009-05-07 | 최상근 | Manufacturing process for bulbs of tooth bleaching enhancement |
-
1986
- 1986-07-04 JP JP15816686A patent/JPH079793B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100896587B1 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2009-05-07 | 최상근 | Manufacturing process for bulbs of tooth bleaching enhancement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH079793B2 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |