JPS63130157A - Gas centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance separation capacity by promoting the transfer of a light gaseous component to a discharge chamber, by fixing a column member and a circular filter plate, both of which have a specific structure, to the heavy gas vent pipe piercing part provided to the opening part reaching the light gaseous component discharge chamber from a separation chamber. CONSTITUTION:The gaseous mixture introduced into a cylindrical inner separation chamber 3 from the outside by the rotation of a rotary cylinder 1 is separated into a light gaseous component and a heavy gaseous component in the separation chamber 5. The heavy gaseous component flows in a heavy gaseous component discharge chamber 6 to be led out to the outside from a vent pipe 9. The light gaseous component present at the central part of the gaseous mixture rotating at a speed almost equal to the rotational speed of the rotary cylinder 1 collides with a static blade 14 to go to the center of a blade plate 12 along the spiral shape of the static blade 14. Since a disc 13 is present at the bottom part of the blade plate 12, the light gaseous component rises along the recessed grooves 11 provided to the side surface of a column member 10 by residual rotary energy without leaking to the separation chamber 5 to smoothly transfer to a light gaseous component discharge chamber 4.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の目的〕 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は化学工業等に利用されるガス遠心分離機に係り
、特に軽ガス投出し機能を改良したガス遠心分離機に関
する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a gas centrifuge used in the chemical industry, etc., and particularly relates to a gas centrifuge with an improved light gas discharge function. .

（従来の技術） 従来ガス遠心分＠機は、一般に第４図にその要部の概略
を表す模式図によって示されるように、回転円筒１は、
その内部に設けられた上部隔離板２および下部隔離板３
によって、軽ガス成分排気室４、分離室５および重ガス
成分排気室６に区画されている。この回転円筒１の外部
から、回転円筒１の上端を形成する上部端板７の中心に
設けられた開ロアＡを貫通して、軽ガス成分排気室４に
は軽ガス投出し管８が、同じく重ガス成分排気室６には
、さらに上部隔離板２、および下部隔離板３の中心にそ
れぞれ設けられた開口２Ａ、および開口３Ａ＠：貫通さ
せて重ガス抜出し管９が挿入されている。゛ 外部から回転円筒１内に導入された混合ガスは、回転円
筒１を回転すれば、分離室５内で軽ガス成分と重ガス成
分に分離される。軽ガス成分と重ガス成分は、それぞれ
軽ガス成分排気室４および重ガス成分排気室６に流入し
、軽ガス抜出し管８および重ガス汲出し管９を経て外部
へ導出される。(Prior Art) In a conventional gas centrifuge @ machine, generally, as shown in the schematic diagram of the main parts in Fig. 4, the rotating cylinder 1 is
Upper separator 2 and lower separator 3 provided therein
It is divided into a light gas component exhaust chamber 4, a separation chamber 5, and a heavy gas component exhaust chamber 6. A light gas discharge pipe 8 is inserted from the outside of the rotating cylinder 1 into the light gas component exhaust chamber 4 through an open lower A provided at the center of the upper end plate 7 forming the upper end of the rotating cylinder 1. Similarly, a heavy gas extraction pipe 9 is inserted into the heavy gas component exhaust chamber 6 through an opening 2A and an opening 3A provided at the centers of the upper separator 2 and the lower separator 3, respectively. ``The mixed gas introduced into the rotating cylinder 1 from the outside is separated into a light gas component and a heavy gas component in the separation chamber 5 by rotating the rotating cylinder 1. The light gas component and the heavy gas component flow into the light gas component exhaust chamber 4 and the heavy gas component exhaust chamber 6, respectively, and are led out to the outside via the light gas extraction pipe 8 and the heavy gas extraction pipe 9.

ここに遠心分離機の分離性能は、周知のごとく回転円筒
１の周速の４乗に比例し、また回転円筒１の周速Ｖと、
回転円筒１に発生する応力σの間には次の関係が成立す
る。As is well known, the separation performance of a centrifuge is proportional to the fourth power of the circumferential speed of the rotating cylinder 1, and is proportional to the circumferential speed V of the rotating cylinder 1,
The following relationship holds true between the stress σ generated in the rotating cylinder 1.

Ｖ　２　　＝　Ｃ争　σ／ρ ただし　Ｃ：比例定数 ρ：回転円筒材料の密度 しかして近年回転円筒材料の比強度σ／ρの大なる材料
、たとえば炭素繊維強化プラスチック等の実用化に伴い
、従来より周速Ｖを増大することができるようになった
。V 2 = C dispute σ/ρ However, C: Constant of proportionality ρ: Density of rotating cylindrical material However, in recent years, with the practical use of materials with high specific strength σ/ρ of rotating cylindrical materials, such as carbon fiber reinforced plastics, conventional It has become possible to increase the circumferential speed V more.

（発明が解決しようとする問題点） 回転円筒１に導入されたガスは、ガス自身の粘性により
回転円筒１とほぼ同じ角速度で回転するようになるが、
このとき回転円筒１内のガスの圧力分布Ｐ　（ｒ）は ただし　Ｐ（ｏ）：回転円筒中心の圧力Ｍ　　　：ガス
の分子量 ｒ　　　二回転円筒中心からの半径 方向の距離 ω　　　：角速度 Ｒ：ガス定数 Ｔ　　　：絶対温度 によって与えられ、回転円筒１の円筒面に近づくほど圧
力が急激に高くなっており、従って分離室の圧力は、極
端に低くなっている。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The gas introduced into the rotating cylinder 1 rotates at approximately the same angular velocity as the rotating cylinder 1 due to the viscosity of the gas itself.
At this time, the pressure distribution P (r) of the gas inside the rotating cylinder 1 is as follows: P(o): Pressure at the center of the rotating cylinder M: Molecular weight of the gas r Distance in the radial direction from the center of the rotating cylinder ω: Angular velocity R: Gas constant T: Given by the absolute temperature, the pressure increases rapidly as it approaches the cylindrical surface of the rotating cylinder 1, and therefore the pressure in the separation chamber becomes extremely low.

さらに軽ガス成分排気室４内のガスの回転速度は、軽ガ
ス成分排気室４内に軽ガス抜出し管８がおるためぐその
抵抗によって分離苗５内より低下しがちであり、中心部
の圧力低下が少なく軽ガス成分の移行を妨げ、とくに周
速Ｖが増大した場合にこの傾向が顕著である。Furthermore, the rotation speed of the gas in the light gas component exhaust chamber 4 tends to be lower than that in the separation seedling 5 due to the resistance of the light gas extraction pipe 8 located in the light gas component exhaust chamber 4, and the pressure in the center The decrease is small and prevents the transfer of light gas components, and this tendency is particularly noticeable when the circumferential speed V increases.

本発明の目的は、分＠至から軽ガス成分排気室への軽ガ
ス成分の流通を円滑に行うことができるガス遠心分離機
を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a gas centrifugal separator that can smoothly circulate light gas components from the separation chamber to the light gas component exhaust chamber.

（発明の構成〕 （問題点を解決するための手段） 本発明においては、ガス分離室を形成する回転円筒と、
この回転円筒内の上端に近く設けられ、回転円筒の上部
端板との間に軽ガス成分排気室を形成する上部隔離板と
、上部端板および上部隔離板の各中心にそれぞれ設けら
れた開口と、外部からこれらの開口を貫通して回転円筒
内に垂下挿入される重ガス汲出し管とを有するガス遠心
分＠機において、上部隔離板の開口位置にて重ガス汲出
し管に周設され、且つ側面に螺旋状の凹溝が設けられた
円柱部材と、この円柱部材の下面に接して螺旋状に設け
られた静翼と、この静翼の下面を覆う円盤とを設けた。(Structure of the Invention) (Means for Solving the Problems) In the present invention, a rotating cylinder forming a gas separation chamber,
An upper separator plate is provided near the upper end of the rotating cylinder and forms a light gas component exhaust chamber between the upper end plate of the rotating cylinder, and an opening is provided at the center of each of the upper end plate and the upper separator plate. In a gas centrifugal machine having a heavy gas pumping pipe that is inserted from the outside through these openings and hanging down into the rotating cylinder, the heavy gas pumping pipe is installed around the heavy gas pumping pipe at the opening position of the upper separating plate. A cylindrical member having a spiral groove formed on its side surface, a stator blade spirally provided in contact with the lower surface of the cylindrical member, and a disk covering the lower surface of the stator blade were provided.

（作　用） 回転円筒が回転されると、分離室内のガスは回転円筒と
ほぼ同じ角速度で回転し、中心部を占める軽ガス成分は
固定している静翼に沿って集められたうえ、円柱部材の
凹溝に沿って上昇するので、分離室から軽ガス成分排気
室へ移行する。(Function) When the rotating cylinder is rotated, the gas inside the separation chamber rotates at approximately the same angular velocity as the rotating cylinder, and the light gas component occupying the center is collected along the stationary vanes, and the gas inside the separation chamber is As it rises along the concave groove of the member, it moves from the separation chamber to the light gas component exhaust chamber.

（実施例） 以下本発明の一実施例を第１図乃至第３図を参照して説
明する。第１図において、第４図と均等な部材には同一
符号を付して説明を省略する。(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. In FIG. 1, members that are equivalent to those in FIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals and their explanations will be omitted.

第１図において、重ガス汲出し管９が上部隔離板２の開
口２Ａを貫通する部分には、その上端が軽ガス成分排気
室４に位置し、下端が分離室５に位置するように配置さ
れた円柱部材１０の中心孔が挿入され固定されている。In FIG. 1, the heavy gas pumping pipe 9 is arranged so that its upper end is located in the light gas component exhaust chamber 4 and its lower end is located in the separation chamber 5 at the part where it passes through the opening 2A of the upper separator 2. The center hole of the cylindrical member 10 is inserted and fixed.

この円柱部材１０の側面には螺旋（ｈｅｌｉｘ）状に凹
溝１１が設けられている。A groove 11 is provided in a helical shape on the side surface of the cylindrical member 10.

また円柱部材１０の下面に接して同心的に、円形の翼板
１２が連結されている。翼板１２は、第２図および第３
図に円柱部材１０とともに拡大して示すように、下面を
形成する円盤１３の上に裸線（ｓｐｉｒａｌ）状に、例
えば１２枚の静翼１４が設けられている。Further, a circular wing plate 12 is concentrically connected to the lower surface of the columnar member 10. The vane 12 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
As shown enlarged in the drawing together with the columnar member 10, for example, twelve stationary blades 14 are provided in a spiral shape on a disk 13 forming the lower surface.

次に作用について説明する。Next, the effect will be explained.

回転円筒１が図示を省略した適宜の手段によつて回転さ
れ、外部から回転円筒１の分離室５に導入された混合ガ
スは、分離室５内で軽ガス成分と重ガス成分に分離され
る。重ガス成分は重ガス成分排気室６に流入し、重ガス
抜出し管９を経て外部へ導出される。The rotating cylinder 1 is rotated by an appropriate means not shown, and the mixed gas introduced into the separation chamber 5 of the rotating cylinder 1 from the outside is separated into a light gas component and a heavy gas component within the separation chamber 5. . The heavy gas component flows into the heavy gas component exhaust chamber 6 and is led out through the heavy gas extraction pipe 9.

一方軽ガス成分は、分離室５から翼板１２および円柱部
材１０の側面を経由して、軽ガス成分排気室４へ導かれ
る。On the other hand, the light gas component is guided from the separation chamber 5 to the light gas component exhaust chamber 4 via the blade 12 and the side surface of the columnar member 10.

すなわち翼板１２および円柱部材１０は、重ガス抜出し
管９に固定されているので静止しているが、分離室５内
のガスは、回転円筒１の回転とほぼ同じ角速度で回転す
る。この回転しているガスのうち中心部にある軽ガス成
分は、静翼１４に衝突した後、この静翼１４の裸線形状
に沿って翼板１２の中心に向かう。円盤１３がおるため
、中心に向かったガスが分ｗ１至５側へ漏洩することは
ない。次いで残った回転エネルギーによって円柱部材１
０の側面を凹溝１１にそって上昇する。したがって分離
室５内の軽ガス成分は軽ガス成分排気室４べ移行する。That is, the vane plate 12 and the columnar member 10 are stationary because they are fixed to the heavy gas extraction pipe 9, but the gas in the separation chamber 5 rotates at approximately the same angular velocity as the rotation of the rotating cylinder 1. The light gas component in the center of this rotating gas collides with the stationary blade 14 and then heads toward the center of the blade plate 12 along the bare line shape of the stationary blade 14. Because of the presence of the disk 13, the gas heading towards the center will not leak to the w1 to w5 side. Then, the remaining rotational energy causes the cylindrical member 1 to
0 along the groove 11. Therefore, the light gas component in the separation chamber 5 is transferred to the light gas component exhaust chamber 4.

（発明の効果〕 本発明のガス遠心分離機によれば、回転円筒の回転速度
が増大しても円滑に軽ガス成分を軽ガス成分排気室に導
くことができる。(Effects of the Invention) According to the gas centrifuge of the present invention, light gas components can be smoothly guided to the light gas component exhaust chamber even if the rotational speed of the rotating cylinder increases.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す模式図、第２図は第１
図の要部をとりだして示す上面側、第３図は第２図の側
面図、第４図は従来のガス遠心分離機を示す模式図でお
る。 １・・・回転円筒　　　　２・・・上部隔離板２Ａ・・
・開口　　　　　４・・・軽ガス成分排気室５・・・分
離室　　　　　７・・・上部端板７Ａ・・・開口　　　
　　９・・・重ガス抜出し管１０・・・円柱部材　　　
　１１・・・凹溝１３・・・円盤　　　　　　１４・・
・静翼代理人　弁理士　則　近　憲　佑 同　　三俣弘文 第１図 第２図 第３図Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a side view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional gas centrifuge. 1... Rotating cylinder 2... Upper separator plate 2A...
・Opening 4... Light gas component exhaust chamber 5... Separation chamber 7... Upper end plate 7A... Opening
9... Heavy gas extraction pipe 10... Cylindrical member
11...concave groove 13...disc 14...
・Shizuba Agent Patent Attorney Nori Chika Ken Yudo Mitsumata Hirofumi Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １、ガス分離室を形成する回転円筒と、この回転円筒内
の上端に近く設けられ前記回転円筒の上部端板との間に
軽ガス成分排気室を形成する上部隔離板と、前記上部端
板および前記上部隔離板の各中心にそれぞれ設けられた
開口と、外部からこれらの開口を貫通して前記回転円筒
内に垂下挿入される重ガス抜出し管とを有するガス遠心
分離機において、前記上部隔離板の前記開口位置にて前
記重ガス抜出し管に周設され且つ側面に螺旋状の凹溝が
設けられた円柱部材と、この円柱部材の下面に接して螺
線状に設けられた静翼と、この静翼の下面を覆つて設け
られた円盤とを有することを特徴とするガス遠心分離機
。1. A rotating cylinder forming a gas separation chamber, an upper separator plate provided near the upper end of the rotating cylinder and forming a light gas component exhaust chamber between the upper end plate of the rotating cylinder, and the upper end plate. and a gas centrifuge having openings provided at each center of the upper separator, and a heavy gas extraction pipe penetrating through these openings from the outside and being inserted downwardly into the rotating cylinder. A cylindrical member provided around the heavy gas extraction pipe at the opening position of the plate and having a spiral concave groove on the side surface, and a stator blade provided in a spiral shape in contact with the lower surface of the cylindrical member. , and a disk provided to cover the lower surface of the stator blade.