JPS6269202A - Polarizing film - Google Patents

Polarizing film

Info

Publication number
JPS6269202A
JPS6269202A JP20980285A JP20980285A JPS6269202A JP S6269202 A JPS6269202 A JP S6269202A JP 20980285 A JP20980285 A JP 20980285A JP 20980285 A JP20980285 A JP 20980285A JP S6269202 A JPS6269202 A JP S6269202A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
film
liquid crystal
dichroic dye
solution
polarizing film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP20980285A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hideo Kawaguchi
英夫 川口
Kimio Ichikawa
紀美雄 市川
Takashi Takayanagi
丘 高柳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority to JP20980285A priority Critical patent/JPS6269202A/en
Publication of JPS6269202A publication Critical patent/JPS6269202A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain polarizing film having high degree of polarization, together with resistance to moisture and heat by orienting a dichroic dye on hydrophobic high molecular film which has been formed to film from liquid crystal condition. CONSTITUTION:The polarizing film is prepd. by orienting a dichroic dye on hydrophobic high molecular film which is oriented uniaxially by solution casting or melt casting from a liquid crystal condition. The film is prepd. by forming film from a mixture obtained by mixing a dichroic dye in lyotropic high molecular liquid crystal or thermotropic liquid crystal, or by dipping the film obtained from the above described high molecular liquid crystal in a soln. of the dichroic dye, or coating the soln. of the dichroic dye on the film, or vapor-depositing the dichroic dye on the film prepd. from liquid crystal condition. Suitable material having properties of the lyotropic liquid crystal is, for example, soln. of ethyl cellulose in methylene chloride, etc.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (発明の分野) 本発明は、偏光フィルムに関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of invention) The present invention relates to a polarizing film.

偏光フィルムは電卓や時計などの他に自動車のメーター
、各種の計器といった分野へと使用拡大されつつある。
Polarizing films are being used in fields such as calculators and watches, as well as automobile meters and various other instruments.

かかる使用分野の拡大と共に偏光フィルムに要求される
特性、衿に耐湿性、耐熱性もより高いものになってきて
いる。
With the expansion of such fields of use, the properties required of polarizing films, such as moisture resistance and heat resistance, are also becoming higher.

(従来の技術) 現在、一般的に用いられている偏光フィルムはポリビニ
ルアルコール(以下PVAと略す)にヨードあるいは二
色性染料を含浸し一軸に配向し次ものであり、高温おる
いは高湿雰囲下におかれると、PVAの熱収縮、吸湿性
のため配向緩和をおこし、偏光性が低下したり、変色し
たりし、要求を十分満足させるものKなっていない。
(Prior art) Currently, the polarizing film commonly used is made by impregnating polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter abbreviated as PVA) with iodine or dichroic dye and uniaxially oriented it. When placed in an atmosphere, the heat shrinkage and hygroscopicity of PVA cause orientation relaxation, resulting in a decrease in polarization and discoloration, which does not fully satisfy the requirements.

これらの欠点を改良するために偏光フィルムの保!i膜
を改良するもの(例えば特開昭z7−iit2コQ%特
開昭j7−30101.特開昭j乙−rooo/)や偏
光フィルムのPVAを改良するもの、PVAのかわシに
他のポリマーを使用するもの(例えば特開昭j6−λ!
4c/り、特開昭17−//1107、特開昭j弘−グ
1113゜特開昭!弘−1j Oj O,特開昭zz−
tyii2、特開昭rt−i3rror、特開昭タロー
/2170/ )などがあるが、必ずしも十分目的の耐
湿性が改良されなかつ友シ、偏光度が満足のいく程大き
なものが得るのが困難な状況であり九。
In order to improve these shortcomings, we recommend using polarizing film! Those that improve the i film (for example, JP-A-7-IIT2-Q%, JP-A-J7-30101, JP-A-J-Otsu-rooo/), those that improve the PVA of polarizing film, and other methods for PVA coating. Those using polymers (for example, JP-A-6-λ!)
4c/ri, JP-A-17-//1107, JP-A-J Hirogu 1113° JP-A-A! Hiro-1j Oj O, Tokukai Shozz-
tyii2, JP-A Sho rt-i3rror, JP-A Sho Taro/2170/), etc., but they do not necessarily improve the desired moisture resistance sufficiently and are difficult to obtain with a satisfactorily large degree of polarization. The situation is nine.

(発明の目的) 本発明は上記欠点を改良し次耐湿耐熱のある偏光膜を提
供することにある。
(Object of the Invention) The object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks and provide a polarizing film that is resistant to moisture and heat.

(発明の構成) 本発明によれば液晶状態よp層膜した疎水性高分子フィ
ルムに二色性染料を配向させることによシ、偏光度が大
きくかつ耐湿性、耐熱性のある偏光フィルムを得ること
ができることがわかった。
(Structure of the Invention) According to the present invention, by aligning a dichroic dye to a hydrophobic polymer film coated with a p-layer in a liquid crystal state, a polarizing film with a high degree of polarization and moisture resistance and heat resistance can be produced. I found out that I can get it.

本発明によれば、リオトロピック高分子液晶又はサーモ
トロピック高分子液晶の中に二色性染料を混合し、製膜
するか、上記高分子液晶よ#)製膜したフィルムを二色
性染料溶液に浸漬するか、二色性染料溶液?塗布するか
、あるbは液晶状態より製膜しtフィルムに二色性染料
を蒸着するか、いずれかの方法により目的を達成しうろ
ことがわかつ九。
According to the present invention, a film is formed by mixing a dichroic dye into a lyotropic polymer liquid crystal or a thermotropic polymer liquid crystal, or a film formed from the above polymer liquid crystal is mixed with a dichroic dye solution. Immersion or dichroic dye solution? It turns out that the objective can be achieved by either coating, or by forming a film from a liquid crystal state and then vapor depositing a dichroic dye on the film.9.

用いる高分子としては、水に対して実質的に溶解性がな
くかつ溶液状態でリオトロピック液晶性を示すか又は加
熱することによシサーモトロピック液晶性を示すもので
ある。
The polymer used is one that is substantially insoluble in water and exhibits lyotropic liquid crystallinity in a solution state, or exhibits cisthermotropic liquid crystallinity when heated.

リオトロピック液晶性を示すものとしては、高分子溶液
をある濃度以上にすると異方性を示す溶液である。例え
ばエチルセルロースのメチレンクロライド溶液、クロロ
ホルム溶液、セルロースアセテートブチレートのア七ト
ン・メタノール混合(4c:/)溶液、酢酸溶液、酢酸
セルロースのジオキサン溶液、三酢酸セルロースのジク
ロル酢酸溶液などがあり、更にセルロース誘導体の多く
の例についてはCo11oid & Polymer 
 Sci。
A polymer solution that exhibits lyotropic liquid crystallinity is a solution that exhibits anisotropy when the concentration of the polymer solution exceeds a certain level. Examples include methylene chloride solution of ethyl cellulose, chloroform solution, a7tone/methanol mixed (4c:/) solution of cellulose acetate butyrate, acetic acid solution, dioxane solution of cellulose acetate, dichloroacetic acid solution of cellulose triacetate, etc. For many examples of derivatives see Co11oid & Polymer
Sci.

λJ−1r、/33j〜13グー1r、tO)、特開昭
!j−タロ230などに記載されている。ポリメチル−
L−グルタメートのクロロホルム溶液、メチレンジクロ
ライド溶液、ポリベンデル−L−グルタメートのメチレ
ンジクロライド溶液、ジオキサン溶液、クロロホルム溶
液なども液晶を示すものであシ表面/I、70! 〜7
23(Iり10>などに詳細に記載されている。
λJ-1r, /33j~13gu1r, tO), JP-A-Sho! It is described in J-Taro 230, etc. Polymethyl
A chloroform solution of L-glutamate, a methylene dichloride solution, a methylene dichloride solution of polybendel-L-glutamate, a dioxane solution, a chloroform solution, etc. also exhibit liquid crystals.Surface/I, 70! ~7
23 (Iri 10> etc.).

サーモトロピック液晶としては主鎖にメソーゲン基と側
鎖にメソーゲン基を含むものとに大別できるが前者の例
としては、例えば 1x10〜ir。
Thermotropic liquid crystals can be broadly classified into those containing mesogen groups in the main chain and those containing mesogen groups in the side chains. Examples of the former include, for example, 1×10 to ir.

n=2.3.44 ; l=/ 0〜/ !On=夢、
!、4 ; jl=/ 0〜/ に0n=j〜10の整
数、1=10〜/!On = j、t、7;1.−10
〜/30後者の例として n=コ−JHJ=/(7〜1000 す・ n;コ〜t;1=IO−に−Jlθ00n=λ〜6 ;
1j=10〜1000 など金工げることが出来るが表面2t、lA7り〜≠り
/(/W1.2)に更に詳細に述べられている。
n=2.3.44; l=/0~/! On = dream,
! , 4; jl=/0~/, 0n=j~10 integer, 1=10~/! On = j, t, 7; 1. -10
~/30 As an example of the latter, n=Co-JHJ=/(7~1000 Su・n;Co~t;1=IO-to-Jlθ00n=λ~6;
1j=10-1000 etc., but it is described in more detail in surface 2t, lA7ri~≠ri/(/W1.2).

二色性染料としては、二色性を示す直接染料、塩基性染
料、酸性染料、分散染料、ゲスト・ホスト液晶に使用さ
れるゲスト染料などである。
Examples of dichroic dyes include direct dyes, basic dyes, acid dyes, disperse dyes, and guest dyes used in guest-host liquid crystals.

例えば などを上げることができる。これらの染料は巣独または
混合しても使用できる。
For example, you can. These dyes can be used singly or mixed.

高分子フィルムを形成法には一般的に支持体上に溶液状
態で流延する溶液流延と溶融状態で押出する溶融押出し
方に大別できるが本発明の場合いずれの方をとっても支
障なく、流延又は押出し時高分子液晶に一定のせん断力
を与えてやれば、高分子液晶はその方向に配向する。リ
オトロピック液晶の場合は流延径比だちに溶剤を除去し
てヤシ、−サーモトロピック液晶の場合は押出し後急冷
することによシ、高分子液晶は配向状態のまま固定され
る。この時二色性染料を一緒に混合しておけば染料は高
分子と共に配向し偏光性を示すし、ま九、配向したフィ
ルムを二色性染料で染色するか、配向フィルムに二色性
染料を蒸着すれば、二色性染料はフィルムの分子配向に
そって染着し偏光性を示すフィルムを得ることが出来る
Generally speaking, methods for forming polymer films can be roughly divided into solution casting, in which the solution is cast onto a support, and melt extrusion, in which the polymer film is extruded in the molten state. If a certain shear force is applied to the polymer liquid crystal during casting or extrusion, the polymer liquid crystal will be oriented in that direction. In the case of lyotropic liquid crystal, the solvent is immediately removed from the casting diameter, and in the case of thermotropic liquid crystal, the polymer liquid crystal is fixed in its oriented state by rapid cooling after extrusion. At this time, if a dichroic dye is mixed together, the dye will align with the polymer and exhibit polarization. By vapor-depositing the dichroic dye, the dichroic dye is dyed along the molecular orientation of the film, making it possible to obtain a film exhibiting polarizing properties.

通常の偏光フィルムは等方性のフィルムを製膜し、これ
を−軸方向く延伸してつくられるのが普通であるが、こ
の様に延伸する場合は延伸倍率が大きくなるため延伸の
ひずみが残り、温度を上げ九り、吸湿したりすると配向
がもとにもどってしまう事(配向緩和)がある。しかし
本発明の様に液晶状態で流延製膜し配向させる場合はひ
ずみは残ることなく配向緩和は生ずることなく、耐久性
のある偏光膜を得ることができる。
Ordinary polarizing films are usually made by forming an isotropic film and stretching it in the -axial direction, but when stretching in this way, the stretching ratio increases, so the strain of stretching increases. However, if the temperature is increased or moisture is absorbed, the orientation may return to its original state (orientation relaxation). However, when a film is cast and oriented in a liquid crystal state as in the present invention, no strain remains and orientation relaxation does not occur, making it possible to obtain a durable polarizing film.

高分子液晶中へは液晶性を破壊したものならばすべり剤
など添加しても支障ない。
There is no problem in adding a slipping agent to the polymer liquid crystal as long as it destroys the liquid crystallinity.

以下実施例を記述するが、その中での測定及び評価基準
は次の通りである。
Examples will be described below, and the measurement and evaluation criteria therein are as follows.

(1)複屈折 白色光線を用い、コンインセーター付き、偏光顕微鏡で
サンプルのレターデーションを測定し、この測定[t”
フィルムの厚さで除して求めた。
(1) Using birefringent white light, measure the retardation of the sample with a polarizing microscope equipped with a compensator, and this measurement [t”
It was calculated by dividing by the thickness of the film.

(2)偏光膜の耐温性 40 ’CxrQsRHの雰囲気中に!日間放置後備光
度を測定し、偏光度の低下が、初期の偏光度の10%以
内のものftA、10〜3θチのものをB、30−以上
低下し次ものIcとした。
(2) Temperature resistance of polarizing film in an atmosphere of 40'CxrQsRH! After standing for one day, the luminous intensity was measured, and those whose degree of polarization decreased within 10% of the initial degree of polarization were designated as ftA, those whose degree of polarization decreased by 10 to 3θ were designated as B, and those whose degree of polarization decreased by 30 or more were designated as Ic.

(3)耐熱性 ioo 6Cドライの雰囲気中にj”日放置後偏光度金
測定し、偏光度の低下か初期の偏光度の10チ以内のも
のfA110〜30%のものをB。
(3) Heat resistance ioo 6C After being left in a dry atmosphere, the degree of polarization was measured, and the degree of polarization was determined to be within 10 degrees of the initial degree of polarization.

3Cチ以上のものfcCとした。Those with 3C or more were classified as fcC.

(4)偏光度の測定 分光々度計で可視域(4Aoo〜710nmの波数)ス
イクトルの透過率によシ測定した。2枚の偏光フィルム
を延伸軸を互に平行になるようにして測定した最大の吸
収波長での光線透過率(T平)と互に直交になるように
して測定した最大吸収波長での光線透過率(T、)から
次式より求めた。
(4) Measurement of degree of polarization The degree of polarization was measured using a spectrophotometer based on the transmittance in the visible range (wave numbers from 4 Aoo to 710 nm). Light transmittance (T plane) at the maximum absorption wavelength of two polarizing films measured with their stretching axes parallel to each other and light transmission at the maximum absorption wavelength measured with their stretching axes perpendicular to each other. It was calculated from the ratio (T, ) using the following formula.

実施例/ ポリープチル−L−グルタメー) (PBLG)のクロ
ロホルムコjts溶液を調整した。
Example/ A chloroform solution of polybutyl-L-glutamic acid (PBLG) was prepared.

この溶液はコレステリンク液晶特有の紅色を示し、液晶
状態になっていた。
This solution exhibited a red color characteristic of cholesterin liquid crystals and was in a liquid crystal state.

ガラス板上にドクタブレードで乾燥厚さioμになるよ
うに塗布し、3o 0cでj分乾燥後更r0°Cで!分
乾燥しPBLGのgを得た。
Apply it on a glass plate with a doctor blade to a dry thickness of ioμ, dry for j minutes at 3°C, then further dry at 0°C! After drying for 30 minutes, g of PBLG was obtained.

複屈折の値はコ、J×70   であった。The value of birefringence was J×70.

このフィルム化合物(L5のアゾ系染料を真空蒸着し、
両面1に保護膜としてlコ!μの三酢酸セルロースフィ
ルムをラミネートし偏光フィルムとじ九。
This film compound (L5 azo dye is vacuum evaporated,
As a protective film on both sides 1! Laminate μ cellulose triacetate film and bind with polarizing film.

得られた偏光フィルムの偏光度と耐久性を第1表に示し
危機にすぐれ九個光性を示し耐湿耐熱性も良好であった
The degree of polarization and durability of the obtained polarizing film are shown in Table 1, showing excellent light resistance and good humidity and heat resistance.

実施例コ エチルセルロースのメチレンジクロライド4<jチ溶液
を調整した。本溶液はコレステリック色を呈していた。
Example A solution of coethylcellulose in methylene dichloride (4<j) was prepared. This solution had a cholesteric color.

この溶液に化合物aυをエチルセルロースに対してコ、
!チ加えた。この溶液をガラス板上にドクタブレードで
乾燥厚さlμになるように塗布し3o 0Cで!分乾燥
し更に600Cで!分乾燥し次。得られ九フィルムの複
屈折は/、j×10   であった。更にこのフィルム
の両面に保護膜として/コ!μ三酢酸セルロースをラミ
ネートし偏光フィルムとした。第7表に示すように耐湿
、耐熱性のある偏光フィルムを得几。
In this solution, compound aυ was added to ethylcellulose,
! I added Chi. Apply this solution on a glass plate with a doctor blade to a dry thickness of lμ at 3o 0C! Dry for a minute and then dry at 600C! Let it dry for a minute. The resulting nine films had a birefringence of /, j×10. Furthermore, this film can be used as a protective film on both sides. A polarizing film was made by laminating μ cellulose triacetate. As shown in Table 7, a moisture-resistant and heat-resistant polarizing film was obtained.

実施例3 次の組成の共重合体を合成した。Example 3 A copolymer with the following composition was synthesized.

この共重合体に化合物αηの二色性染料をポリマーに対
して/、!チ添加し130°Cで20μになるようにせ
ん断力をかけてガラス板上Vr−溶融押出しをし次。
Add dichroic dye of compound αη to this copolymer/,! Then, Vr-melt extrusion was performed on a glass plate by applying a shearing force at 130°C to a thickness of 20μ.

得られたフィルムの複屈折は0./jであり、両面に三
酢酸セルロースフィルムをラミネートし偏光フィルムを
得た。第1表に示すように偏光度・耐湿耐熱性共良好で
あった。
The resulting film had a birefringence of 0. /j, and cellulose triacetate films were laminated on both sides to obtain a polarizing film. As shown in Table 1, the degree of polarization and moisture resistance and heat resistance were both good.

比較例 j17jμのポリビニルアルコールフィルムをヨウドj
 (w t%)、ヨウ化カリμ(wt%)含有する溶液
に1分間浸漬後グ倍に延伸し、次すでホウ酸≠(w t
%)溶液に1分間浸漬し、1000Cで70分間乾燥し
た。この膜の両面に三酢酸セルロースフィルムをラミネ
ートし偏光フィルムとした。第1表に示すように初期の
偏光度は良好であったが耐湿性が全く不十分だった。
The polyvinyl alcohol film of Comparative Example J17Jμ was treated with iodine
(w t %), potassium iodide μ (w t %) was immersed in a solution containing μ (w t %) for 1 minute and then stretched twice as much as boric acid ≠ (w t %).
%) solution for 1 minute and dried at 1000C for 70 minutes. Cellulose triacetate films were laminated on both sides of this film to form a polarizing film. As shown in Table 1, the initial polarization degree was good, but the moisture resistance was completely inadequate.

第1表Table 1

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 液晶状態より溶液又は溶融流延により一軸配向した疎水
性高分子フィルム中に二色性染料を配向させたことを特
徴とする偏光性フィルム。
A polarizing film characterized in that a dichroic dye is oriented in a hydrophobic polymer film uniaxially oriented from a liquid crystal state by solution or melt casting.
JP20980285A 1985-09-20 1985-09-20 Polarizing film Pending JPS6269202A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20980285A JPS6269202A (en) 1985-09-20 1985-09-20 Polarizing film

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20980285A JPS6269202A (en) 1985-09-20 1985-09-20 Polarizing film

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6269202A true JPS6269202A (en) 1987-03-30

Family

ID=16578836

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP20980285A Pending JPS6269202A (en) 1985-09-20 1985-09-20 Polarizing film

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6269202A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0455813A (en) * 1990-06-26 1992-02-24 Nippon Oil Co Ltd Compensation plate for liquid crystal display element
WO2000022463A1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Guest-host polarizers
US6538714B1 (en) 1999-10-25 2003-03-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Dual color guest-host polarizers and devices containing guest-host polarizers
US6574044B1 (en) 1999-10-25 2003-06-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Polarizer constructions and display devices exhibiting unique color effects
US6642977B2 (en) 2001-06-20 2003-11-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Liquid crystal displays with repositionable front polarizers
JP2017504050A (en) * 2013-12-27 2017-02-02 エルジー・ケム・リミテッド Dye-type polarizer forming composition and dye-type polarizer

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0455813A (en) * 1990-06-26 1992-02-24 Nippon Oil Co Ltd Compensation plate for liquid crystal display element
WO2000022463A1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Guest-host polarizers
US6245399B1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2001-06-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Guest-host polarizers
US6538714B1 (en) 1999-10-25 2003-03-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Dual color guest-host polarizers and devices containing guest-host polarizers
US6574044B1 (en) 1999-10-25 2003-06-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Polarizer constructions and display devices exhibiting unique color effects
US6730446B2 (en) 1999-10-25 2004-05-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Dual color guest-host polarizers and devices containing guest-host polarizers
US6768586B2 (en) 1999-10-25 2004-07-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Polarizer constructions and display devices exhibiting unique color effects
US6642977B2 (en) 2001-06-20 2003-11-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Liquid crystal displays with repositionable front polarizers
JP2017504050A (en) * 2013-12-27 2017-02-02 エルジー・ケム・リミテッド Dye-type polarizer forming composition and dye-type polarizer
US10527758B2 (en) 2013-12-27 2020-01-07 Lg Chem, Ltd. Composition for forming dye type polarizer and dye type polarizer

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