JPS62623A - Intake apparatus of internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To strengthen the swirl force by setting the direction of the intake flow of a port which is directed to the inside of a cylinder so as to be set in the tangential direction on the concentric circle having the center of the cylinder as center, in an engine equipped with two swirl intake ports in one cylinder. CONSTITUTION:In one cylinder, two intake ports 4 and 5 are provided, and the intake port 4 is set so as to form a swirl on the circumference of a circle C having the center P of the cylinder as center. As for the intake port 5, the intake introduced into the cylinder is introduced so that a swirl is formed on the concentric circle having the center P of the cylinder as center by bending the axis line of the intake part to the cylinder of this port at the curved parts 14 and 15, for the axis line 3a of the intake introducing part of this port. Therefore, the strong swirls are formed, suppressing the collision of the both swirls.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野１ 本発明は内燃Ｒ閏の吸気装置にｒｘＪするものである。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field 1 The present invention is applied to the intake system of an internal combustion engine.

［従来の技術］ 第３図に示すように、各シリンダが２個の吸気弁を備え
たディーぜル！！！１関では、シリンダ１２の配列方向
線Ａ（各シリンダの中心を通る線）の両側にタンジエン
シール吸気通路２とヘリカル吸気通！ｓ３が配設される
ものがある。この吸気装置では吸気の流入方向がシリン
ダ１２の内周壁に沿うようになっているので、所要のス
ワールが容易に生成される反面、タンジエンシヤル吸気
通路２とヘリカル吸気通路３が相接近しているため、ヘ
リカル吸気通路３がタンジエンシヤル吸気通路２の上側
へ部分的にラップして配置され、このためシリンダヘッ
ドの高さが高くなり、特に小型ディーゼル機関ではかな
りのＩｉ量増加を沼くことになる。[Prior Art] As shown in Fig. 3, each cylinder is equipped with two intake valves. ! ! In the first section, there is a Tangien seal intake passage 2 and a helical intake passage on both sides of the arrangement direction line A of the cylinders 12 (a line passing through the center of each cylinder)! Some have s3 installed. In this intake device, since the inflow direction of the intake air is along the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder 12, the required swirl can be easily generated. On the other hand, since the tangential intake passage 2 and the helical intake passage 3 are close to each other, The helical intake passage 3 is arranged to partially overlap the tangential intake passage 2, which increases the height of the cylinder head, resulting in a considerable increase in Ii, especially in small diesel engines.

一方、例えば、実開昭５８−１４２３３０号公報に開示
されるように、シリンダヘッドの片側に２個の吸気弁を
並列して配置したものも知られているが、この内燃機関
の吸気装置では、第４図に示すように、タンジエンシヤ
ル吸気通路２を経てシリンダ１２の内部へ生成される吸
気スワールｔの流れの方向が、ヘリカル吸気通路３を経
てシリンダ１２の内部へ生成される吸気スワールｈの流
れの方向と部分的に逆になり、十分なスワールが生成さ
れないという欠点がある。On the other hand, it is also known that two intake valves are arranged in parallel on one side of the cylinder head, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 58-142330. , as shown in FIG. 4, the flow direction of the intake swirl t generated into the cylinder 12 through the tangential intake passage 2 is the same as that of the intake swirl h generated into the cylinder 12 through the helical intake passage 3. The disadvantage is that the direction of flow is partially reversed and sufficient swirl is not generated.

［発明が解決しようとする問題点］ そこで、本発明の目的はシリンダヘッドの高さを従来の
吸気通路が１つだけの内燃機関とほぼ同じでシリンダヘ
ッドの片側に並列して２個の吸気通路を備えられていて
吸気効率の向上と適正なスワールが得られる内燃機関の
吸気装置を提供することにある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to maintain the height of the cylinder head to be approximately the same as that of a conventional internal combustion engine with only one intake passage, and to provide two intake passages in parallel on one side of the cylinder head. An object of the present invention is to provide an intake device for an internal combustion engine that is provided with a passage and can improve intake efficiency and obtain appropriate swirl.

［問題を解決するための手段］ 上記目的を達成するために、本発明の構成はタンジエン
シヤル吸気通路とｌ＼リカル吸気通路とをシリンダヘッ
ドの片側に設け、前記ヘリカル吸気通路の中心線がシリ
ンダの内周面の上側を横切る部分でＳ字形に湾曲し、前
記中心線がシリンダの内周面と交差する交点と前記中心
線が吸気口と接する接点とを結ぶ直線が前記タンビンシ
ャル吸気通路と連なる吸気口の方へ延びかつ直径がシリ
ンダボアの１／２の同心円の外側にあるものである。[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a configuration in which a tangential intake passage and a helical intake passage are provided on one side of the cylinder head, and the center line of the helical intake passage is aligned with the cylinder. It is curved in an S-shape at a portion that crosses the upper side of the inner circumferential surface, and a straight line connecting the intersection point where the center line intersects with the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder and the contact point where the center line contacts the intake port is connected to the tangential intake passage. It extends toward the intake port and is outside a concentric circle with a diameter of 1/2 of the cylinder bore.

〔作用］ タンゼンシャル吸気通路２からシリンダ１２へ流れる吸
気はシリンダ１２の中心Ｐを中心として直径がシリンダ
ボアの１／２の同心円Ｃの外側を反時計方向に回る大き
なスワールを生成するのに対して、ヘリカル吸気通路３
からシリンダ１２へ流れる吸気は同心円Ｃの内側を同じ
く反時計方向に回るスワールを生成する。したがって、
スワールｔ、ｈはともにシリンダ１２の中心Ｐを中心と
して同方向（反時計方向）に旋回するので、両者の間に
何ら干渉が生じず、安定した強いスワールが生成される
。[Operation] The intake air flowing from the tangential intake passage 2 to the cylinder 12 generates a large swirl that rotates counterclockwise around the center P of the cylinder 12 and outside a concentric circle C whose diameter is 1/2 of the cylinder bore. Helical intake passage 3
The intake air flowing from the cylinder 12 to the cylinder 12 generates a swirl that also rotates counterclockwise inside the concentric circle C. therefore,
Since the swirls t and h both rotate in the same direction (counterclockwise) about the center P of the cylinder 12, no interference occurs between them, and a stable and strong swirl is generated.

［発明の実施例］ 本発明を実施例に基づいて説明する。第１図に示すよう
に、シリンダ１２の配列方向を表すｍＡの片側に配置さ
れる吸気口４．５はこれらの中心Ｑ、Ｒがそれぞれシリ
ンダ１２の中心Ｐを通る横方向の線Ｂに対してほぼ対称
に配置される。図示の実施例では、吸気口４にタンジエ
ンシヤル吸気通路２が接続される一方、吸気口５にヘリ
カル吸気通路３が接続される。各吸気口４．５の内径は
シリンダボアの約２１５程度とされる。[Examples of the Invention] The present invention will be described based on Examples. As shown in FIG. 1, the intake ports 4.5 arranged on one side of mA representing the arrangement direction of the cylinders 12 have their centers Q and R relative to a horizontal line B passing through the center P of the cylinders 12. They are arranged almost symmetrically. In the illustrated embodiment, the tangential intake passage 2 is connected to the intake port 4, while the helical intake passage 3 is connected to the intake port 5. The inner diameter of each intake port 4.5 is about 215 mm of the cylinder bore.

タンジエンシヤル吸気通路２はこの中心線２ａがシリン
ダヘッドの側壁１３に開口する部分りで始まり、ｉ！径
がシリンダボアの１／２の同心円Ｃにほぼ接する方向に
湾曲されて吸気口４に接続される。The tangential intake passage 2 begins where this center line 2a opens into the side wall 13 of the cylinder head, i! It is connected to the intake port 4 by being curved in a direction in which the diameter is approximately tangential to a concentric circle C that is 1/2 of the cylinder bore.

ヘリカル吸気通路３はこの中心線３ａが１１１１！１１
３に開口する部分Ｅで始まり、シリンダ１２の内周面と
点Ｓで交差し、吸気口５（弁座の内径）と点Ｔで接する
。The center line 3a of the helical intake passage 3 is 1111!11
3, intersects the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 12 at a point S, and contacts the intake port 5 (inner diameter of the valve seat) at a point T.

点Ｓと点Ｔとを結ぶ直線りに沿ってへりカル吸気通路３
の中心１３ａは点Ｓがら点丁へ吸気口５の接線方向に湾
曲され、さらに吸気口５の内側に沿って約手周分はど湾
曲され、吸気口５の中心Ｒとシリンダヘッドの側壁１３
の部分Ｅとを結ぶ線Ｆの手前で終る。概略的には点Ｔは
シリンダ１２の中心Ｐとヘリカル吸気通路３の入口部分
Ｅとを結ぶ線Ｇが吸気口５の周面と交差する部分に隣接
する。Helical intake passage 3 is located along the straight line connecting point S and point T.
The center 13a of is curved from point S to point D in the tangential direction of the intake port 5, and further curved along the inside of the intake port 5 by about a hand circumference, so that the center R of the intake port 5 and the side wall 13 of the cylinder head
It ends in front of the line F that connects the part E of . Roughly speaking, point T is adjacent to a portion where a line G connecting center P of cylinder 12 and entrance portion E of helical intake passage 3 intersects with the circumferential surface of intake port 5 .

点Ｓと点Ｔとを結ぶ線りは好ましくは吸気口４の中心Ｑ
を通るように設定される。厳密には、点Ｔは線りが直径
がシリンダボアの１／２の同心円Ｃの外側〈同心円Ｃと
交差しない）にあるように設定される。The line connecting point S and point T is preferably the center Q of the intake port 4.
is set to pass through. Strictly speaking, the point T is set so that the line is outside the concentric circle C whose diameter is 1/2 of the cylinder bore (does not intersect with the concentric circle C).

次に、本発明による内燃機関の吸気装置の作動について
説明する。タンジエンシヤル吸気通路２を流れる吸気は
この中心線２ａに沿ってシリンダ１２へ入り、矢印で示
すようにシリンダ１２の内周面に沿って流れる大きなス
ワールｔを生成する。Next, the operation of the intake system for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention will be explained. Intake air flowing through the tangential intake passage 2 enters the cylinder 12 along this center line 2a, and generates a large swirl t that flows along the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 12 as shown by the arrow.

一方、ヘリカル吸気通路３を流れる吸気はこの中心線３
ａに沿ってシリンダ１２の内周面を横切る部分（実際に
はシリンダヘッドの内８１Ｓ）でＳ字形に湾曲し、吸気
口５からシリンダ１２へ入り、矢印で示すような曲率半
径の小さいスワールｈを生成する。このスワールｈはシ
リンダ１２の中心Ｐの外側で同心円Ｃの内側を回る。こ
うして、スワールｔ、ｈが同じ方向に旋回し、互いに干
渉して打ら消されることがないので、継続して安定した
強いスワールがシリンダ１２の内部に生成され、吸気と
噴射燃料との混合が円滑になされ、安定した燃焼が得ら
れる。On the other hand, the intake air flowing through the helical intake passage 3 is
It is curved in an S-shape at the part that crosses the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 12 along the line a (actually, the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder head 81S), enters the cylinder 12 from the intake port 5, and has a small radius of curvature as shown by the arrow h. generate. This swirl h rotates inside a concentric circle C outside the center P of the cylinder 12. In this way, the swirls t and h rotate in the same direction and do not interfere with each other and cancel each other out, so a stable and strong swirl is continuously generated inside the cylinder 12, and the mixture of intake air and injected fuel is improved. Smooth combustion and stable combustion can be obtained.

従来の単にタンジエンシヤル吸気通路とヘリヵＪＬ／　
吸気通路とを備えた内燃機関の吸気装置ｒｔよ、ヘリカ
ル吸気通路からシリンダの内部へ流れた吸気は第１図に
破線矢印で示すように、シリンダ１２の中心Ｐの外側を
迂回しないで中心Ｐの内側を回るスワールｎを生成する
ので、これがシリンダの内周面に衝突し、シリンダの内
周面に冶って流れるタンジエンシヤル吸気通路からのス
ワールｔの流れにブレーキ作用を及ぼし、安定したスワ
ールが生成されなかったのであるが、タンジエンヤル吸
気通路とヘリカル吸気通路からの吸気がともにシリンダ
の中心Ｐを同方向に旋回するスワールを生成するので、
両者の間に澱みや衝突が生じない。Conventional simply tangential intake passage and Helica JL/
In the intake system rt of an internal combustion engine equipped with an intake passage, the intake air flowing from the helical intake passage into the inside of the cylinder does not go around the outside of the center P of the cylinder 12, as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. This generates a swirl n rotating inside the cylinder, which collides with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, exerts a braking effect on the flow of swirl t from the tangential air intake passage, which flows around the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, and a stable swirl is generated. However, since the intake air from the tangential intake passage and the helical intake passage both swirl around the center P of the cylinder in the same direction,
There will be no stagnation or conflict between the two.

接点Ｔがスワールｈの方向に大きく影響するのは当然で
あり、この流れをシリンダ１２の中心Ｐの外側へ向ける
ためには、点Ｓと点Ｔを枯ぶ線りが吸気口４の中心Ｑの
方へ向くことが好ましいが、これに限定されるものでな
く、直線りがシリンダボアの１／２の同心円Ｃと交差す
ることなく、この外側に延びるように構成すればよい。It goes without saying that the contact point T greatly influences the direction of the swirl h, and in order to direct this flow to the outside of the center P of the cylinder 12, a line that connects points S and T should be aligned with the center Q of the intake port 4. Although it is preferable that the straight line extends toward the outside of the concentric circle C of 1/2 of the cylinder bore without intersecting the concentric circle C, the straight line is not limited thereto.

実験結果によれば、この直線りの向きが同心円Ｃの内側
、例えば直径がシリンダボアの４／１０の同心円に接近
すると、第２図に示すようにヘリカル吸気通路３からの
スワールが小さくなり、あるいはタンジエンシヤル吸気
通路２がらのスワールにｌｌｉ突し、スワール比は１以
下になる。また、直線りの向きが直径がシリンダボアの
９／１０の同心円Ｍの外側になると、タンジエンシヤル
吸気通路２とヘリカル吸気通路３との吸気が殆ど一緒に
なり、スワール比が３ｅＪｌ！えるほどスワールが強す
ぎ、普通の形式の燃焼苗では逆に燃焼状態が悪化する。According to experimental results, when the direction of this straight line approaches the inside of the concentric circle C, for example, a concentric circle with a diameter of 4/10 of the cylinder bore, the swirl from the helical intake passage 3 becomes smaller, or This causes a swirl in the tangential intake passage 2, and the swirl ratio becomes 1 or less. Moreover, when the direction of the straight line is outside the concentric circle M whose diameter is 9/10 of the cylinder bore, the intake air from the tangential intake passage 2 and the helical intake passage 3 becomes almost the same, and the swirl ratio becomes 3eJl! The swirl is so strong that it causes the seeds to burn, and the combustion condition worsens when using normal burning seedlings.

したがって、直ＮＩＬは直径がシリンダボアの１／２の
同心円Ｃと、直径がシリンダボアの９／１０の同心円Ｍ
との間に延びるように構成することにより、適正なスワ
ール（スワール比２程度）が得られる。Therefore, the straight NIL is a concentric circle C whose diameter is 1/2 of the cylinder bore, and a concentric circle M whose diameter is 9/10 of the cylinder bore.
An appropriate swirl (swirl ratio of about 2) can be obtained by configuring it to extend between the two.

［発明の効果］ 本発明は上述のように構成したので、吸気通路からシリ
ンダへ流れる吸気はシリンダの中心を中心として直径が
シリンダボアの１／２の同心円の外ｆＲ１を回る大きな
スワールを生成するのに対して、ヘリカル吸気通路から
シリンダへ流れる吸気は同心円の内側を同方向に回るス
ワールを生成するので、両者の間に何ら干渉が生じず、
安定したスワールが生成さ、吸気通路の吸気抵抗が小さ
く、しかも燃焼に必要な最適のスワールが得られ、理想
的な燃焼を実現することができ、スモークの発生を抑え
、機関の出力向上を図ることができる。[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, the intake air flowing from the intake passage to the cylinder generates a large swirl that revolves around the outside fR1 of a concentric circle whose diameter is 1/2 of the cylinder bore around the center of the cylinder. On the other hand, the intake air flowing from the helical intake passage to the cylinder generates a swirl that rotates in the same direction inside the concentric circles, so there is no interference between the two.
Stable swirl is generated, the intake resistance in the intake passage is small, and the optimum swirl required for combustion is obtained, making it possible to achieve ideal combustion, suppressing smoke generation, and improving engine output. be able to.

また、シリンダヘッドの片側に２つの吸気通路が並列し
て配ｌされるので、シリンダｌベッドの高さが低く抑え
られ、シリンダヘッドの１１１化を図ることができる。Furthermore, since two intake passages are arranged in parallel on one side of the cylinder head, the height of the cylinder bed can be kept low, making it possible to make the cylinder head 111 in size.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明に係る内燃機関の吸気装置の構成を示す
平面図、第２図は同吸気装置の作用説明線図、第３図お
よび第４図は従来の内燃機関の吸気装置のｍ成を示す平
面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of an intake system for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the same intake system, and FIGS. FIG.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] タンジエンシヤル吸気通路とヘリカル吸気通路とをシリ
ンダヘツドの片側に設け、前記ヘリカル吸気通路の中心
線がシリンダの内周面の上側を横切る部分でＳ字形に湾
曲し、前記中心線がシリンダの内周面と交差する交点と
前記中心線が吸気口と接する接点とを結ぶ直線が前記タ
ンゼンシヤル吸気通路と連なる吸気口の方へ延びかつ直
径がシリンダボアの１／２の同心円の外側にあることを
特徴とする内燃機関の吸気装置。A tangential intake passage and a helical intake passage are provided on one side of the cylinder head, and the center line of the helical intake passage is curved into an S-shape at a portion that crosses the upper side of the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder, and the center line is curved in an S-shape at a portion where the center line crosses the upper side of the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder. A straight line connecting the intersection point where the center line intersects with the intake port and the point of contact where the center line contacts the intake port extends toward the intake port connected to the tangential intake passage and is outside a concentric circle with a diameter of 1/2 of the cylinder bore. Intake system for internal combustion engines.