JPS6257699A - Treatment for dehydrating and deodorizing hydrous waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To dehydrate hydrous waste such as cattle dung having offsensitve odor with substantially no odor and with less energy by adsorbing said waste to porous granular particles then grinding and/or drying the waste. CONSTITUTION:The hydrous waste such as cattle dung, poultry dung, night soil or sludge having the offsensive odor is adsorbed on the vegetable or mineral porous granular particles (e.g., wooden ash, coal shells) directly or after preliminary grinding and is then ground and/or dried. As a result, the above-mentioned hydrous waste is efficiently dehydrated while said waste is made odorless.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （発明の利用分野） 末完Ｉｌｌは、家畜や家禽の***物、食尿μ水処理施設
からの活性汚泥叉は製紙「場からのヘドロのような悪す
−のある含水高ＢＯＤ廃磐物を比較的無りｌγｔＬＩＩ
φｋ　　　ａ４晶七卦１　し汁Ｉヂ　　：Ｊ＊　Ｉ　　
鴫−納ナー１糟１関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Field of Application of the Invention) The present invention relates to the treatment of waste from livestock and poultry, activated sludge from urinary water treatment facilities, and waste materials such as sludge from paper manufacturing facilities. Relatively free of certain high moisture content BOD waste lγtLII
φk a4 crystal seven trigrams 1 Shijiru Iji: J* I
Concerning 1 cup and 1 bottle.

〔発明の背景〕[Background of the invention]

各地の養鶏場や畜舎等の多数の家禽や家畜を使用してい
る施設では、これら動物の発する糞尿の処理が重大な問
題となる。これらの***物は、自体極めて大きな生物学
的酸素要求量（Ｂ　ＯＤ）を有することに加え、悪臭を
有し、その上ハエなどの衛生害虫の発生源となるから、
単なる環境汚染に留まらず、公衆衛生ないし疫学上も問
題が大きい。In facilities where large numbers of poultry and livestock are used, such as poultry farms and livestock sheds, the disposal of manure and urine produced by these animals becomes a serious problem. These excreta have extremely high biological oxygen demand (BOD), have a foul odor, and are a source of sanitary pests such as flies.
This is not just a matter of environmental pollution, but also a major problem in terms of public health and epidemiology.

類似の問題は、微生物学的排水処理施設から発生ずる高
ＢＯＤの活性汚泥や製紙工場排水からのヘドロ或いは市
街地の溝などのヘドロの処理についても発生する。Similar problems arise with the treatment of high BOD activated sludge from microbiological wastewater treatment plants, sludge from paper mill effluents, or sludge from urban gutters.

以上の動物***物、活性汚泥又は浚渫ヘドロは多量の有
機物を含有するから肥料成分として有用であり、特に家
禽類の糞はリン質に富む点で最も優れているが、これら
はいずれも多量の水分を含有するため、夏季はともカに
＜、他の時期では天火乾燥に長い期間を必要とする。従
って、乾燥期間を短縮するためには重油等の熱エネルギ
ーを併用しなければならないが、反面これらの乾燥物の
価格ないしその商品価値を考慮すれば、高価なエネルギ
ーコストを費やすと採算が採れない場合が多い。のみな
らず、例えば活性汚泥やヘドロのように、そのま−乾燥
させても市場性のないものがある。The animal excreta, activated sludge, and dredged sludge mentioned above are useful as fertilizer ingredients because they contain a large amount of organic matter, and poultry droppings are particularly rich in phosphorous, but all of these contain large amounts of organic matter. Because it contains moisture, it is dry in the summer and requires a long period of time to dry under the sun in other seasons. Therefore, in order to shorten the drying period, it is necessary to use thermal energy such as heavy oil, but on the other hand, considering the price of these dried products or their commercial value, it is not profitable to spend expensive energy costs. There are many cases. In addition, there are some products such as activated sludge and sludge that are not marketable even if they are dried as they are.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明の目的は、以上の実情に鑑ミ、省資源及び環境改
善の見地から、上述の畜糞又は有機排水処理施設からの
活性汚泥や製紙工場排水などからのヘドロのような悪臭
のある含水高ＢＯＤ廃棄物を殆ど無臭的かつ省エネルギ
ー的に脱水することができる経済的な脱水脱臭処理法を
提供することに在る。In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, from the viewpoint of resource saving and environmental improvement, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of high moisture content, such as the above-mentioned livestock manure or activated sludge from organic wastewater treatment facilities, or sludge from paper mill wastewater. The object of the present invention is to provide an economical dehydration and deodorization treatment method that can dehydrate BOD waste almost odorlessly and in an energy-saving manner.

〔目的達成のための手段〕[Means to achieve the purpose]

鉱物性多孔質粉粒体に吸着させたた後、→國哄邑法を採
用する。After being adsorbed onto mineral porous powder, the →Kukan-eup method is applied.

本発明の処理法に使用される植物性多孔質粉粒体の例と
しては、燻炭のほか木灰、木炭、草根木灰、草根木炭な
どを挙げることができる。これら粉粒体は、通常田畑の
土壌の吸水率が３５０　ｇ／ｋｇであるのに対して、そ
の約１９倍強に相当する５、　８００ｇ〜６，８００ｇ
／ｋｇの吸水率を有するので、本発明の目的上好ましい
処理材料と云える。就中、燻炭は、日本全国で年間数百
刃トンも産出されながらその殆どが焼却処分されている
籾殻を炭化させて得られる安価な資源であることから、
最も好ましい材料である。Examples of the vegetable porous powder used in the treatment method of the present invention include smoky charcoal, wood ash, charcoal, grass-root wood ash, grass-root charcoal, and the like. These powders have a water absorption rate of 5,800g to 6,800g, which is approximately 19 times more than the water absorption rate of normal field soil, which is 350g/kg.
Since it has a water absorption rate of /kg, it can be said to be a preferable treatment material for the purpose of the present invention. In particular, smoked charcoal is an inexpensive resource obtained by carbonizing rice husks, which are produced in the hundreds of tons per year across Japan, but most of it is incinerated.
It is the most preferred material.

石炭殻、コークス殻又は鉱滓などの鉱物性多孔質粉粒体
も吸水率１．５００ｇ／ｋｇ以上の吸水性を有するので
、先の植物性多孔質粉粒体に次いで有用な処理材料であ
る。Mineral porous powders such as coal shells, coke shells, ore slags also have a water absorption rate of 1.500 g/kg or more, and are therefore the second most useful treatment materials after the aforementioned vegetable porous powders.

〔作　用〕[For production]

畜糞もしくは鶏糞又は活性汚泥もしくはヘドロなどの高
ＢＯＤ含水廃棄物に対して適当量の上述多孔質粉粒体を
混合すると、後者が前者に含まれる水分及び悪臭の大半
を吸着するので、従来、前記含水廃棄物を加熱乾燥させ
るため使用していた重油等のエネルギー資源の消費を大
幅に軽減できると共に、乾燥の際に発生する強烈な悪臭
を著しく軽減できる上、空気が前記多孔質粉粒体と含水
廃棄物との堆積物の間に侵入しやすいので、好気性菌の
発育が活発となり無臭化が一層促進される。When an appropriate amount of the above-mentioned porous powder is mixed with high BOD water-containing waste such as livestock manure, poultry manure, activated sludge, or sludge, the latter adsorbs most of the water and bad odor contained in the former. The consumption of energy resources such as heavy oil used to heat and dry water-containing waste can be significantly reduced, and the strong odor generated during drying can be significantly reduced. Since it is easy to get into the space between the water-containing waste and the sediment, aerobic bacteria grow actively, further promoting deodorization.

さらに、本発明方法によれば、全く加熱を省略した場合
でも前記堆積物の温度は、醗酵により６０〜７０℃にも
達するので、この醗酵熱を利用することにより、重油等
を用いる従来の加熱手段を全く省略することもできる。Furthermore, according to the method of the present invention, even if heating is omitted at all, the temperature of the deposit reaches 60 to 70°C due to fermentation, so by utilizing this fermentation heat, conventional heating using heavy oil etc. It is also possible to omit the means altogether.

なお、この場合　前記堆積物はビニルハウスなどの透、
光性温珈内で乾燥以下、本発明を具体化するための実施
例について説明するが、実施例はあくまで説明用のもの
であって、発明精神を限定するものではない。In this case, the deposits are transparent, such as vinyl houses, etc.
Drying in a photothermal oven Examples for embodying the present invention will be described below, but the examples are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the spirit of the invention.

第１図は、本発明を通用した鶏糞脱水脱臭ブラントの概
略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chicken manure dehydrating and deodorizing blunt that is compatible with the present invention.

本例プラントは、５００１の燻炭を貯蔵できるホッパー
（１ａ）及び２５ｋｇ／Ｈｒの燻炭を供給できるスクリ
ュ一式搬送部（１ｂ）を備える燻炭供給装置（１）と、
前記供給装置（１）と同一容量の鶏糞貯蔵用ホッパー（
２ａ）及び１２５　ｋｇ／Ｈｒの鶏糞を供給できるニー
グ一式搬送部（２ｂ）を備える鶏糞供給装置（２）と、
前記燻炭供給装置（１）及び前記鶏糞供給装置（２）か
ら夫々供給された燻炭及び鶏糞を攪拌しながら小団塊の
混合物とする粉砕装置（３）と、前記混合物を地面上に
展延堆積させた上、該混合物から発生する醗酵熱（６０
〜７０℃）を利用して該混合物を乾燥させるビニルハウ
スから成る乾燥室（４）とを主要な構成要素として含む
、実際上、燻炭供給装置（１）及び鶏糞供給装置（２）
から１：５の割合で供給される燻炭と鶏糞とは、再供給
装置（１）、　（２）の下方に準備された混合用受皿（
５）内へ投入され、また該受皿（５）に受は入れられた
混合物（Ｍ）は作業員によりスコップ等で予備的に攪拌
される。なお、この人力による混合作業に代えて適当な
混合機を使用すれば、一層効率よく作業が行える。This example plant includes a smoldering charcoal supply device (1) equipped with a hopper (1a) capable of storing 5001 smoldering charcoal and a screw set conveying unit (1b) capable of supplying 25 kg/Hr of smoldering charcoal,
A chicken manure storage hopper (with the same capacity as the supply device (1))
2a) and a chicken manure supply device (2) comprising a Neag complete conveyor unit (2b) capable of supplying 125 kg/Hr of chicken manure;
A crushing device (3) that stirs the smoky charcoal and chicken manure supplied from the smoky charcoal supply device (1) and the chicken manure supply device (2) to form a mixture of small nodules, and spreads the mixture on the ground. In addition to the fermentation heat generated from the mixture (60
In practice, the smoky charcoal supply device (1) and the poultry manure supply device (2) include as main components a drying room (4) consisting of a vinyl house in which the mixture is dried using temperatures (~70°C).
The smoky charcoal and chicken manure, which are supplied at a ratio of 1:5, are mixed in a mixing tray (
5) The mixture (M) placed in the tray (5) is preliminarily stirred by a worker using a shovel or the like. Note that if an appropriate mixer is used instead of this manual mixing work, the work can be done more efficiently.

本例の粉砕装置（３）に対しては、前記混合用受皿（５
）内の混合物（Ｍ）を該装置（３）へ荷揚げする第一の
ベルトコンベア（６）、及び該装置（３）から排出され
る粉砕された混合物（Ｍ゛）を乾燥室（４）まで搬送す
る第二のベルトコンベア（７）が付設されている。第二
コンベアベルト（７）により乾燥室（４）まで搬送され
た粉砕混合物（Ｍ゛）は、スクレーパー（図示省略）又
は作業員により該乾燥室（４）の地面上に概ね均等な厚
みに万遍なく敷き広げられる。そして該混合物（Ｍ′）
は、それ自体から発生する醗酵熱により加熱され、約１
０時間後には当初含水率の約８５％まで乾燥される。ま
たこの場合に、該混合物（Ｍ”）中の燻炭が鶏糞から発
する臭気を吸着して周囲の雰囲気中への悪臭の放散を抑
制する。For the crushing device (3) of this example, the mixing tray (5
) for unloading the mixture (M) to the device (3), and the pulverized mixture (M゛) discharged from the device (3) to the drying room (4). A second conveyor belt (7) is attached. The pulverized mixture (M) conveyed to the drying chamber (4) by the second conveyor belt (7) is spread onto the ground of the drying chamber (4) to an approximately even thickness by a scraper (not shown) or a worker. It can be spread evenly. and the mixture (M')
is heated by the fermentation heat generated by itself, and about 1
After 0 hours, it is dried to about 85% of the initial moisture content. Further, in this case, the smoky charcoal in the mixture (M'') adsorbs the odor emitted from the chicken manure, thereby suppressing the release of bad odor into the surrounding atmosphere.

以上の作業により殆ど乾燥された状態となった混合Ｑｆ
ｆ　（Ｍ　’　）は、第三のコンベアベルト（８）によ
り製品集積場まで搬送され、そこで秤量装置（９）で一
定贋宛秤量された上、包装ａΦ内に収納される。Mixed Qf that has become almost dry due to the above operations
f (M') is transported by a third conveyor belt (8) to a product collection area, where it is weighed by a weighing device (9) and stored in a package aΦ.

なお、以上のようにして本例プラントで製造された燻炭
入り鶏糞は、鶏糞に含まれる有用な肥料成分が田畑作物
、果樹、野菜類に対して効能を発揮すると共に、多孔質
の燻炭が該植物類の根に対して十分な酸素を供給する作
用を助長するため、該作物の生育に大いに貢献する。The smoky charcoal-containing chicken manure produced in this example plant as described above has useful fertilizer components contained in the chicken manure that are effective for field crops, fruit trees, and vegetables, and the porous smoky charcoal Since it promotes the effect of supplying sufficient oxygen to the roots of the plants, it greatly contributes to the growth of the crops.

なお、以上の説明は鶏糞の処理に関連して詳述したが、
本発明は豚や牛など他の家畜の糞尿処理に対して有効に
適用できるほか、冒頭に述べた有機排水処理施設からの
活性汚泥もしくは製紙工場排水等からのヘドロのような
含水廃棄物の処理に対しても好適に利用できる。The above explanation was detailed in relation to the processing of chicken manure, but
The present invention can be effectively applied to the treatment of manure from other livestock such as pigs and cows, as well as the treatment of water-containing wastes such as activated sludge from organic wastewater treatment facilities mentioned at the beginning or sludge from paper mill wastewater. It can also be suitably used for.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明は、以上詳述した通り、鶏や豚、牛などの家禽や
家畜が***する糞尿、又は有機排水処理施設で多量に発
生する活性汚泥や製紙工場排水等からのヘドロのような
含水廃棄物を殆ど無臭化しつ一効率よく脱水することが
できる経済的な脱水ａ臭処理法を提供することにより、
含水廃棄物処理手段の改良及び環境汚染の改善に大いに
寄与する。As described in detail above, the present invention is applicable to water-containing waste such as manure excreted by poultry and livestock such as chickens, pigs, and cows, activated sludge generated in large quantities at organic wastewater treatment facilities, and sludge from paper factory wastewater. By providing an economical dehydration and odor treatment method that can effectively dehydrate substances while rendering them almost odorless,
This will greatly contribute to improving water-containing waste treatment methods and reducing environmental pollution.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は、本発明を通用した鶏糞脱水脱臭プラントの概
略図である。図中、符号の意味は以下の通り：□ １：燻炭供給装置、 １ａ：１のホッパー、１ｂ：１の搬送部、２：鶏糞供給
装置、 ２ａ：２のホッパー、２ｂ：２の搬送部、３：粉砕装置
、　４：乾燥室、５：混合用受皿、６；第一ベルトコン
ベア、 ７：第二ベルトコンベア、 ８：第三ベルトコンベア、 ９：秤量装置、１０：包装；　Ｍ、　Ｍ’　：混合物。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a poultry manure dehydration and deodorization plant to which the present invention is applied. In the diagram, the meanings of the symbols are as follows: □ 1: Smoked charcoal supply device, 1a: 1 hopper, 1b: 1 conveyance section, 2: Chicken manure supply device, 2a: 2 hopper, 2b: 2 conveyance section , 3: Grinding device, 4: Drying room, 5: Mixing tray, 6: First belt conveyor, 7: Second belt conveyor, 8: Third belt conveyor, 9: Weighing device, 10: Packaging; M, M ' :blend.

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）畜糞、鶏糞、糞尿汚泥等の悪臭のある含水廃棄物
をそのまま又は予め粉砕後、植物性又は鉱物性多孔質粉
粒体に吸着させた後、要すれば粉砕及び／又は乾燥させ
ることを特徴とする含水廃棄物の脱水脱臭処理法。(1) Foul-smelling water-containing waste such as livestock manure, poultry manure, manure and urine sludge, as is or after being crushed in advance, adsorbed onto vegetable or mineral porous powder, and then crushed and/or dried if necessary. A method for dehydrating and deodorizing water-containing waste. （２）植物性多孔性粉粒体が燻炭植物質炭化物又は灰で
ある特許請求の範囲第１項記載の処理法。(2) The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the porous vegetable powder is a charcoal vegetable char or ash. （３）鉱物性多孔負粉粒体が石炭殻、コークス殻又は鉱
滓である特許請求の範囲第１項記載の処理法。(3) The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the mineral porous negative powder is coal shell, coke shell, or slag. （４）乾燥が醗酵熱を利用して行われる特許請求の範囲
第１項記載の処理法。(4) The processing method according to claim 1, wherein the drying is performed using fermentation heat.