JPS6247508A - Optical device for range finding - Google Patents

Optical device for range finding

Info

Publication number
JPS6247508A
JPS6247508A JP18660385A JP18660385A JPS6247508A JP S6247508 A JPS6247508 A JP S6247508A JP 18660385 A JP18660385 A JP 18660385A JP 18660385 A JP18660385 A JP 18660385A JP S6247508 A JPS6247508 A JP S6247508A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
light
base line
lens
distance
optical axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP18660385A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0812068B2 (en
Inventor
Michio Cho
倫生 長
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority to JP60186603A priority Critical patent/JPH0812068B2/en
Publication of JPS6247508A publication Critical patent/JPS6247508A/en
Publication of JPH0812068B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0812068B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
  • Focusing (AREA)
  • Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To clarify the pattern of the luminous flux formed on an object in the longitudinal direction of the base line length by making the optical system used for the projecting lens or photodetecting lens of the active type range finder so that the F number in the base line longitudinal direction becomes larger. CONSTITUTION:A spot light is irradiated on the object 4 by lighting a light source 1 and it is reflected on the surface thereof and one part of the luminous flux thereof is made incident on a photodetecting lens 8 according to the reflecting optical axis 12. This reflection optical axis 12 is made incident at a large angle for the optical axis 7 as the distance of the object approaches. It coincides with the optical axis 7 when the distance of the object becomes infinite. And the image of the spot light reflected from the object 4 at the different position respectively for the incident angle of the reflection optical axis 12 is formed on the photodetecting body 10. Therefore, by taking the signal concerning the light incident position out of the photodetecting body 10 the distance upto the object 4 can be decided. The photodetecting lens 8 is formed in the rectangular shape becoming in short diameter in the base line longitudinal (l) direction to deepen the focus depth. And the image of the spot light with less blurring on the base line length (l) direction and like easy to discriminate the distance of the object.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、アクティブタイプの測距装置に用いられる光
学装置に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an optical device used in an active type distance measuring device.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

カメラのオートフォーカス装置などに利用されているア
クティブタイプの測距Wi?は、投光部と受光部とを備
えている。投光部は、例えば赤外光を発光する発光ダイ
オードなどの光源と、その前面に配置された投光レンズ
とからなる。また、受光部は、例えば受光素子とCCD
とを組み合わせたラインセンサやポジションセンサなど
のように、受光位置の検出機能をもった受光体と、その
前面に配置された受光レンズとからなる。この受光部は
、投光部から一定の基線長隔てて配置されるとともに、
前記受光位置を弁別できる方向が前記基線長方向と一致
するように配設される。
Active type distance measuring Wi that is used in camera autofocus devices, etc. includes a light projector and a light receiver. The light projecting unit includes a light source such as a light emitting diode that emits infrared light, and a light projecting lens disposed in front of the light source. In addition, the light receiving section includes, for example, a light receiving element and a CCD.
It consists of a photoreceptor with a light-receiving position detection function, and a light-receiving lens placed in front of the photoreceptor, such as a line sensor or position sensor that combines the two. This light receiving section is arranged at a certain baseline length from the light projecting section, and
The light receiving position is disposed so that the direction in which the light receiving position can be discriminated coincides with the base line length direction.

前記光源を点灯させると、投光レンズによって被写体に
はスポット光が照射される。このスポット光は被写体表
面で反射され、その反射光束の一部は受光レンズを介し
て受光体上に結像される。
When the light source is turned on, a spot light is irradiated onto the subject by the projection lens. This spot light is reflected on the surface of the subject, and a part of the reflected light beam is imaged on the photoreceptor via the light receiving lens.

このとき、被写体から受光レンズに至る反射光軸は、物
体距離に対応した角度をもって受光レンズに入射し、こ
れに応じて受光体上の異なった位置にスポット光の像が
形成されるから、このスポツI・光の像が形成された位
置を検出すれば、被写体までの距離を判定することがで
きる。
At this time, the reflected optical axis from the subject to the light receiving lens enters the light receiving lens at an angle corresponding to the object distance, and images of the spot light are formed at different positions on the light receiving body accordingly. By detecting the position where the spot I/light image is formed, the distance to the subject can be determined.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 上述のようにして使用されている受光レンズは、受光体
から一定の位置で固定されていることから、被写体から
反射されてきたスポット光を、被写体距離の全域に亘っ
て受光体上に鮮明に結像させることは非常に困難である
。例えば5m以遠を無限遠とし、この無限遠からのスポ
ット光が受光体上に正しく結像されるようにすると、例
えば50cm程度の至近距離にある被写体から反射され
たスポット光は、前記受光レンズを通過しても受光体上
では広がりをもったボケ像になってしまう。この結果、
至近距離側での測距精度が低下してくることになる。一
方、至近距離側のスポット光を受光体上に鮮明に結像さ
せるようにしておくと、今度は無限遠側からのスポット
光が不鮮明になってしまう。
[Problems to be solved by the invention] Since the light-receiving lens used as described above is fixed at a fixed position from the light-receiving object, it is difficult to direct the spot light reflected from the object at a distance from the object. It is very difficult to form a clear image over the entire area on the photoreceptor. For example, if a distance of 5 m or more is set to infinity, and the spot light from this infinity is correctly imaged on the photoreceptor, the spot light reflected from the subject at a close distance of about 50 cm, for example, will pass through the light receiving lens. However, on the photoreceptor, the image becomes wide and blurred. As a result,
This results in a decrease in distance measurement accuracy on the close range side. On the other hand, if the spotlight from the close distance side is clearly imaged on the photoreceptor, the spotlight from the infinity side will become unclear.

こうした弊害は、前記受光レンズのみならず投光レンズ
についても同様に生じる。すなわち、光源と投光レンズ
との間隔も一定となっているから、様々な物体距離とな
る被写体の表面に、常に鮮明なスポット光を照射するこ
とができなくなるものである。このような難点を抑える
ために、投光レンズや受光レンズの開口径を小さくし、
被写体深度や焦点深度を深くすることは効果的ではある
が、反面、光量を大幅に減少させることになり、遠距離
の測距時に支障をきたすおそれがある。
These problems occur not only with the light receiving lens but also with the light projecting lens. That is, since the distance between the light source and the light projection lens is also constant, it is not possible to always irradiate a clear spot light onto the surface of the subject at various object distances. In order to suppress this difficulty, the aperture diameter of the light emitting lens and light receiving lens is made smaller.
Increasing the depth of field or depth of focus is effective, but on the other hand, it significantly reduces the amount of light, which may cause problems when measuring long distances.

なお、このような弊害は、投光部から被写体に照射され
る光のパターンが、スポット状の場合だけでなく、これ
がスリット状のものである場合にも同様に生じてくる。
Note that such a problem occurs not only when the pattern of light irradiated from the light projector to the subject is in the form of a spot, but also when the pattern is in the form of a slit.

本発明は、上述のような従来技術の欠点に鑑みてなされ
たもので、測距装置の投光部から被写体に光を照射する
とき、あるいは被写体から反射されてきた光束を受光体
に入射させるときに、測距に影響の大きい基線長方向に
ついては、ボケの少ない良好な光束のパターンが得られ
るようにした測距用光学装置を提供することを目的とす
る。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and it is useful when emitting light from the light projector of a distance measuring device to a subject, or when making the light beam reflected from the subject enter a photoreceptor. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical device for distance measurement that can obtain a good light beam pattern with little blur in the base line length direction, which sometimes has a large effect on distance measurement.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明は上記目的を達成するために、アクティブタイプ
の測距装置の投光レンズあるいは受光レンズとして用い
られる光学系の、基線長方向におけるFナンバーを大き
くするように、前記光学系によって集光される光束を基
線長方向で制限するようにしたものである。前記光学系
の基線長方向におけるFナンバーを大きくするためには
、光学系そのものの形状を基線長方向で短径にしたり、
あるいは前記光学系に基線長方向で幅狭とされた絞りを
併設すればよい。なお、基線長方向と直交する方向、す
なわち測距精度に影響を与えない方向では光束の制限が
行われないので、被写体あるいは受光体に達する光を必
要以上に暗くするようなことがない。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention focuses light by an optical system used as a light projecting lens or a light receiving lens of an active type distance measuring device so as to increase the F number in the base line length direction. This is to limit the luminous flux generated in the base line length direction. In order to increase the F number in the baseline length direction of the optical system, the shape of the optical system itself may be made to have a shorter diameter in the baseline length direction,
Alternatively, the optical system may be provided with a diaphragm having a narrow width in the longitudinal direction of the base line. Note that since the light flux is not limited in the direction perpendicular to the baseline length direction, that is, in the direction that does not affect the distance measurement accuracy, the light reaching the subject or the photoreceptor will not be made darker than necessary.

以下、添付した図面にしたがって、本発明の実施例につ
いて説明する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

本発明を適用したカメラ用の測距装置を示す第1図にお
いて、近赤外光を発光する発光ダイオードなどからなる
光源1からの光は、投光レンズ2によって集光され、光
軸3にしたがって被写体4に向けてスポット光として照
射される。前記光軸3は、撮影レンズ5の光軸6に対し
て平行になるように設定されている。
In FIG. 1 showing a distance measuring device for a camera to which the present invention is applied, light from a light source 1 consisting of a light emitting diode or the like that emits near-infrared light is focused by a light projection lens 2 and directed onto an optical axis 3. Therefore, the light is directed toward the subject 4 as a spot light. The optical axis 3 is set to be parallel to the optical axis 6 of the photographic lens 5.

前記撮影レンズ5を斜めに挟むように、光軸6に平行な
光軸7をもって、受光レンズ8が配置されている。この
実施例においては、測距装置の基線は縦方向に設定され
ており、その長さはlとなっている。受光レンズ8の後
方には、基線長方向に長手方向が一致するように受光体
10が配置されている。受光体10は例えばラインセン
サからなり、光の入射位置を縦方向、すなわら基線長l
方向に沿って弁別できるようになっている。
A light receiving lens 8 is arranged with an optical axis 7 parallel to the optical axis 6 so as to diagonally sandwich the photographing lens 5. In this embodiment, the base line of the distance measuring device is set in the vertical direction, and its length is l. A photoreceptor 10 is arranged behind the light-receiving lens 8 so that its longitudinal direction coincides with the base line length direction. The photoreceptor 10 is composed of, for example, a line sensor, and the light incident position is set in the vertical direction, that is, with a base line length l.
It is now possible to distinguish along the direction.

光源1を点灯してスポット光を被写体4に向けて照射す
ると、スポット光は被写体4の表面で反射し、その一部
の光束は反射光軸12にしたがって受光レンズ8に入射
する。この反射光軸12は、被写体距離が近づくほど、
光軸7に対して大きい角度をもって入射する。また、被
写体距離が無限遠になると光軸7に一致する。
When the light source 1 is turned on and a spot light is emitted toward the subject 4, the spot light is reflected on the surface of the subject 4, and a part of the light beam enters the light receiving lens 8 along the reflected optical axis 12. This reflected optical axis 12 changes as the subject distance approaches.
The light is incident at a large angle with respect to the optical axis 7. Furthermore, when the subject distance becomes infinite, it coincides with the optical axis 7.

受光体10には、前記反射光軸12の入射角に応して、
それぞれ異なった位置に被写体4から反射されたスポッ
ト光の像が形成される。したがって、受光体10から、
光の入射位置に関する信号を取り出すことによって、被
写体4までの距離を判定することができるようになる。
The photoreceptor 10 has, depending on the angle of incidence of the reflected optical axis 12,
Images of the spot light reflected from the subject 4 are formed at different positions. Therefore, from the photoreceptor 10,
By extracting a signal related to the light incident position, the distance to the subject 4 can be determined.

前記受光体10は、図中の縦方向における先の入射位置
を検出するようになっていることから、受光レンズ8に
よって収斂された光束が、縦方向に広がりをもっている
と、測距精度を劣化させる大きな原因となる。しかも、
受光レンズ8と受光体10との間隔は、被写体距離によ
らず一定のままであるから、至近位置あるいは無限遠位
置のいずれを基準にしてこの間隔を設定していても、他
方の側では受光体lO上にはスポット光の像がボケをも
って形成されやすい。
Since the photoreceptor 10 detects the previous incident position in the vertical direction in the figure, if the light beam converged by the photoreceptor lens 8 spreads in the vertical direction, the accuracy of distance measurement will deteriorate. This is a major cause of this. Moreover,
The distance between the light-receiving lens 8 and the light-receiving body 10 remains constant regardless of the object distance. A blurred image of the spot light is likely to be formed on the body 1O.

こうした弊害を抑えるために、受光レンズ8は図、示の
ように基線長!方向で短径となる矩形状に形成され、こ
の方向で暗いレンズとして構成されている。したがって
、受光レンズ8は基線長!方向での焦点深度が深められ
ることになり、受光体10上には基線長!方向について
ボケが少なく、被写体距離を弁別しやすいようなスポッ
ト光の像が形成されるようになる。なお、基線長lと直
交する方向については明るさが減少しないから、受光体
10上のスポット光の像が必要以上に暗くなることはな
い。
In order to suppress these harmful effects, the light receiving lens 8 has a baseline length as shown in the figure. It is formed into a rectangular shape with a short axis in this direction, and is configured as a lens that is dark in this direction. Therefore, the light receiving lens 8 has a baseline length! The depth of focus in the direction is deepened, and the baseline length on the photoreceptor 10! A spot light image is formed with less blur in the direction and with which the distance to the object can be easily distinguished. Note that since the brightness does not decrease in the direction perpendicular to the base line length l, the image of the spot light on the photoreceptor 10 does not become darker than necessary.

第2図は、基線長lの方向を横方向とした例を示してい
る。なお、第1図の実施例と共通の部材については同符
号を付しである。この実施例においては、受光体10は
基線長l方向、すなわち横方向での光の入射位置を弁別
するようQこ配置されている。そして、受光レンズ15
の形状を矩形にする代わりに、受光レンズ15の前面に
、縦に細長い矩形状の開口16aが形成された絞り板1
6が設置されている。これにより、受光レンズ15は横
方向でのFナンバーが大きくなり、基線長1方向での焦
点深度が深められるようになる。なお、前記絞り板16
を受光レンズ15の直後に設置しても同様の効果が得ら
れる。
FIG. 2 shows an example in which the direction of the base line length l is the horizontal direction. Note that the same reference numerals are given to the same members as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the photoreceptor 10 is arranged in Q directions so as to discriminate the incident position of light in the base line length l direction, that is, in the lateral direction. And the light receiving lens 15
Instead of having a rectangular shape, the aperture plate 1 has a vertically elongated rectangular opening 16a formed in the front surface of the light receiving lens 15.
6 is installed. As a result, the light-receiving lens 15 has a large F number in the lateral direction, and the depth of focus in one direction of the base line length can be deepened. Note that the aperture plate 16
A similar effect can be obtained even if the lens is placed immediately after the light receiving lens 15.

以上、図示の実施例について説明してきたが、本発明を
実施する上では、受光レンズ8の短辺あるいは絞り板1
6の開口16aの短辺の長さを14゜とじたとき、これ
らの長辺の長さを2以上にするのが望ましい。また、受
光レンズ8や絞り仮16の開口16aの形状を、基線長
l方向に短径の方向を合わせた楕円形状にしてもよい。
The illustrated embodiment has been described above, but in carrying out the present invention, the short side of the light receiving lens 8 or the aperture plate 1
When the lengths of the short sides of the openings 16a of 6 are closed by 14 degrees, it is desirable that the lengths of these long sides be 2 or more. Further, the light receiving lens 8 and the aperture 16a of the temporary diaphragm 16 may have an elliptical shape with the direction of the short axis aligned with the direction of the base line length l.

さらに、測距のために被写体に照射される光束を、基線
長方向でより鮮明にするために、本発明を投光レンズ2
に対して適用したり、投光レンズおよび受光レンズの両
者に適用することも、もちろん可能である。
Furthermore, in order to make the light beam irradiated to the subject for distance measurement clearer in the base line length direction, the present invention is applied to the projecting lens 2.
Of course, it is also possible to apply the present invention to both the light projecting lens and the light receiving lens.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

上述のように、本発明の測距用光学装置によれば、アク
ティブタイプの測距装置の投光レンズもしくは受光レン
ズに用いられる光学系を、基線長方向でのFナンバーが
大きくなるようにしている。
As described above, according to the distance measuring optical device of the present invention, the optical system used for the light projecting lens or the light receiving lens of the active type distance measuring device is configured such that the F number in the baseline length direction becomes large. There is.

これにより、前記光学系の基線長方向における深度が深
くなるから、被写体あるいは受光体に形成される光束の
パターンが基線長方向で鮮明になり、簡単な構成で測距
精度を向上させることができるので非常に効果的である
As a result, the depth of the optical system in the baseline length direction increases, so the pattern of the light beam formed on the subject or photoreceptor becomes clearer in the baseline length direction, and distance measurement accuracy can be improved with a simple configuration. So it's very effective.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は、本発明の一実施例を示す要部斜視図である。 第2図は、本発明の他の実施例を示す要部斜視図である
。 1・・・光源     2・・・投光レンズ5・・・撮
影レンズ  8・・・受光レンズ10・・受光体   
 15・・受光レンズ16・・絞り板    16a・
・開口。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of essential parts showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of main parts showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1...Light source 2...Light emitter lens 5...Photographing lens 8...Light receiving lens 10...Photoreceptor
15...Light receiving lens 16...Aperture plate 16a...
・Opening.

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)一定の基線長を隔てて配置された投光部と受光部
とを有し、前記投光部に設けられた光源からの光束を投
光レンズで集光して被写体に照射するとともに、被写体
によって反射された前記光束の一部を受光レンズで集光
して受光体に入射させ、この受光体の前記基線長方向に
おける光束の入射位置を検出して測距を行う測距装置に
おいて、前記投光レンズもしくは受光レンズの少なくと
も一方に用いられた光学系により集光される光束を、前
記基線長方向について制限することによって、前記光束
の基線長方向における明るさを減少させるようにしたこ
とを特徴とする測距用光学装置。
(1) It has a light projecting part and a light receiving part arranged apart from each other by a certain baseline length, and the light beam from the light source provided in the light projecting part is focused by a light projecting lens and irradiated onto the subject. , in a distance measuring device that collects a part of the luminous flux reflected by a subject with a light receiving lens and makes it incident on a photoreceptor, and measures the distance by detecting the incident position of the luminous flux in the baseline length direction of the photoreceptor. , the brightness of the light beam in the base line length direction is reduced by limiting the light beam condensed by the optical system used in at least one of the light projecting lens and the light receiving lens in the base line length direction. An optical distance measuring device characterized by:
(2)前記光学系の形状を前記基線長方向と直交する方
向に細長い矩形状にすることによって、基線長方向の光
束を制限するようにしたことを特徴とする特許請求の範
囲第1項記載の測距用光学装置。
(2) The optical system is shaped into a rectangular shape elongated in a direction perpendicular to the base line length direction, thereby limiting the light flux in the base line length direction. optical device for distance measurement.
(3)前記光学系によって集光される光束を、基線長方
向と直交する方向に細長い開口が形成された絞り板によ
って制限するようにしたことを特徴とする特許請求の範
囲第1項記載の測距用光学装置。
(3) The light beam condensed by the optical system is limited by a diaphragm plate in which an elongated aperture is formed in a direction perpendicular to the base line length direction. Optical device for distance measurement.
(4)前記矩形の長辺の長さは、短辺の長さの2倍以上
であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第2項もしくは
第3項に記載の測距用光学装置。
(4) The distance measuring optical device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the length of the long side of the rectangle is at least twice the length of the short side.
JP60186603A 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 Optical device for distance measurement Expired - Lifetime JPH0812068B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60186603A JPH0812068B2 (en) 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 Optical device for distance measurement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60186603A JPH0812068B2 (en) 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 Optical device for distance measurement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6247508A true JPS6247508A (en) 1987-03-02
JPH0812068B2 JPH0812068B2 (en) 1996-02-07

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JP60186603A Expired - Lifetime JPH0812068B2 (en) 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 Optical device for distance measurement

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03158715A (en) * 1989-11-15 1991-07-08 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Position detecting method for loaded article
JP2009173449A (en) * 2009-03-23 2009-08-06 Sanki Eng Co Ltd Drive roller conveyor
CN109490902A (en) * 2017-09-13 2019-03-19 三星电子株式会社 Light detection and range unit and its operating method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5622910A (en) * 1979-08-02 1981-03-04 West Electric Co Ltd Distance detector
JPS5834313A (en) * 1981-08-26 1983-02-28 Canon Inc Active type distance measuring device
JPS5835410A (en) * 1981-08-27 1983-03-02 Canon Inc Distance detecting device
JPS58178329A (en) * 1982-04-14 1983-10-19 Copal Co Ltd Focus detector suited for self-timer photographing
JPS60155912A (en) * 1984-01-25 1985-08-16 Canon Inc Wide visual field distance measuring apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5622910A (en) * 1979-08-02 1981-03-04 West Electric Co Ltd Distance detector
JPS5834313A (en) * 1981-08-26 1983-02-28 Canon Inc Active type distance measuring device
JPS5835410A (en) * 1981-08-27 1983-03-02 Canon Inc Distance detecting device
JPS58178329A (en) * 1982-04-14 1983-10-19 Copal Co Ltd Focus detector suited for self-timer photographing
JPS60155912A (en) * 1984-01-25 1985-08-16 Canon Inc Wide visual field distance measuring apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03158715A (en) * 1989-11-15 1991-07-08 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Position detecting method for loaded article
JP2009173449A (en) * 2009-03-23 2009-08-06 Sanki Eng Co Ltd Drive roller conveyor
CN109490902A (en) * 2017-09-13 2019-03-19 三星电子株式会社 Light detection and range unit and its operating method
CN109490902B (en) * 2017-09-13 2023-11-03 三星电子株式会社 Light detection and ranging device and method of operation thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0812068B2 (en) 1996-02-07

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