JPS6242705A - Permselective hollow yarn and fluid separator - Google Patents
Permselective hollow yarn and fluid separatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6242705A JPS6242705A JP18166485A JP18166485A JPS6242705A JP S6242705 A JPS6242705 A JP S6242705A JP 18166485 A JP18166485 A JP 18166485A JP 18166485 A JP18166485 A JP 18166485A JP S6242705 A JPS6242705 A JP S6242705A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hollow fiber
- hollow
- hollow fibers
- finned
- hollow yarn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
- B01D69/084—Undulated fibres
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
く利用分野〉
本発明は、特定の形状を具備した選択透過性中空糸及び
それを用いた流体分離器を提供するものである。更に詳
細には、フィンを具備した異形断面を有し且つ捲縮を有
した選択透過性中空糸及びそれを用いた流体分離器に関
する。Detailed Description of the Invention Field of Application The present invention provides a permselective hollow fiber having a specific shape and a fluid separator using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a permselective hollow fiber having a modified cross section with fins and crimps, and a fluid separator using the same.
〈従来技術〉
選択透過性中空糸は逆浸透、限外濾過及び透析等の分野
で従来より実用的に使用される。<Prior Art> Permselective hollow fibers have been practically used in fields such as reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and dialysis.
特に腎不全患者の血液を浄化するために、現在では中空
糸型血液透析器がよく使用されている。これは霧体の中
に透析膜、例えば、中空糸の膜を多数本、収納し、その
中空内部に患者の血液を流し、外部、即ち、中空糸間に
透析液を流して、中空糸を介して透析膜よって、血液中
の老廃物を除去し電解質濃度を是正するとともに、中空
糸内外に圧力差を与えて限外濾過によって血液中の余剰
水分を除去するものである。更に、血液中から血漿のみ
を分離し、或いは、その血漿の中から特定成分を除去し
て自己免疫疾患などを治療するために、中空糸が使用さ
れている。このように血液処理用の中空糸膜は目的に応
じて特定の物質を選択的に透過せしめなければならない
。Hollow fiber hemodialyzers are now often used to purify the blood of patients with renal failure, in particular. In this system, a large number of dialysis membranes, such as hollow fiber membranes, are housed in a mist, and the patient's blood is poured into the hollow interior of the membrane, and the dialysate is poured outside, that is, between the hollow fibers, and the hollow fibers are Through the dialysis membrane, waste products in the blood are removed and electrolyte concentration is corrected, and excess water in the blood is removed by ultrafiltration by applying a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the hollow fiber. Furthermore, hollow fibers are used to treat autoimmune diseases and the like by separating only plasma from blood or removing specific components from the plasma. In this way, hollow fiber membranes for blood treatment must selectively allow specific substances to permeate depending on the purpose.
その性能は、中空糸膜の素材、ボロシティ（孔の大ぎさ
、数など）、膜厚などによって決定される。しかし、そ
れだけではなく、例えば多数本の中９糸を如何に集束し
て膜面全体を有効に機能させるかということも、その性
能を決定する重要なポイントとなる。例えば透析に際し
て、中空糸膜どうしが長さ方向に沿って、密着すると、
透析液が、その部分の近傍で、それぞれの中空糸の周り
を均等に流れにくくなりある特定の流路を形成する結果
となり、この流れにあずからない中空糸膜な通しての透
析が殆ど行われなくなって全体としての透析効果は低下
する。通常の透析操作において中空糸膜の両側の濃度差
が物質移動のドライビングフォースとなるから、透析液
を中空糸の外側空間にできるだけ均等に流し、外側境膜
抵抗が周囲より太き（なる部分をできるだけ減少させ、
血液［（中空糸膜の内側）と透析液側（中空糸膜の外側
）との濃度差を増大させうるように、中空糸を収納し、
また中空糸自体の形状を工夫するとか必要である。前者
については、本発明者亭；＝；が先に、中空糸を交差状
に集束して、筐体内に収納することｋよって、中空糸間
の密着、従って、有効膜面積の減少を防止するとともに
透析効率を向上させうろことを見出した（特公昭５２−
３８８３７）。また、後者については、例えば、本発明
者！郁−が先に提案したように中空糸外表面に突起をも
たせることによって、同機の効果を発揮させる方法が利
用で希る（特開昭４８−７５４８１）。Its performance is determined by the hollow fiber membrane material, volocity (size and number of pores, etc.), membrane thickness, and other factors. However, in addition to this, an important point in determining the performance is, for example, how to converge nine of the many threads to make the entire membrane surface function effectively. For example, during dialysis, when hollow fiber membranes come into close contact with each other along their length,
The dialysate becomes difficult to flow evenly around each hollow fiber in the vicinity of this area, resulting in the formation of a certain flow path, and dialysis is hardly performed through the hollow fiber membranes that do not participate in this flow. As a result, the overall dialysis effect decreases. In normal dialysis operation, the concentration difference on both sides of the hollow fiber membrane becomes the driving force for mass transfer, so the dialysate should flow as evenly as possible into the outer space of the hollow fiber, and the outer membrane resistance should be thicker than the surrounding area. reduce as much as possible,
The hollow fibers are housed so as to increase the concentration difference between the blood [(inside the hollow fiber membrane) and the dialysate side (outside the hollow fiber membrane),
It is also necessary to devise the shape of the hollow fiber itself. Regarding the former, the inventor first collects the hollow fibers in a cross shape and stores them in the housing, thereby preventing close contact between the hollow fibers and, therefore, a reduction in the effective membrane area. He also discovered scales that improved dialysis efficiency.
38837). Regarding the latter, for example, the inventor! As previously proposed by Iku, a method of producing the same effect by providing protrusions on the outer surface of the hollow fibers would be useful (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 75481/1973).
しかしながら、これらの方法においては中空糸の配列、
突起部の形状如何によっては、例えば、中空糸膜どうし
がかみ合って接触する形となって必ずしも満足な効果を
発揮できない場合があり、さらに改善が強く望まれてい
た。However, in these methods, the arrangement of hollow fibers,
Depending on the shape of the protrusions, for example, the hollow fiber membranes may come into contact with each other, making it impossible to achieve a satisfactory effect, and further improvements have been strongly desired.
〈発明の目的及び構成〉
本発明者吟はこのような観点に立って、体液処理効率の
向上を目的として鋭意研究した結果、特定の形状の中空
糸が特に有効であることを見い出し、本発明に到達した
。<Purpose and Structure of the Invention> From this perspective, the present inventor, Gin, conducted extensive research with the aim of improving body fluid treatment efficiency, and as a result, discovered that hollow fibers of a specific shape are particularly effective, and developed the present invention. reached.
即ち本発明は、
（１） 外周部において長手方向に延長された１条以
上のフィンを有し、且つ複数個の捲縮を有した選択透過
性中空糸；及び
（２） 選択透過性中空糸束を収納した流体分離器に
おいて、該選択透過性中空糸が外周部において長手方向
忙延長された１条以上のフィンを有し、且つ複数個の捲
縮を有したことを特徴とする流体分離器、
を提供するものである。That is, the present invention provides: (1) a permselective hollow fiber having one or more fins extending in the longitudinal direction on the outer periphery and having a plurality of crimps; and (2) a permselective hollow fiber. A fluid separator housing a bundle, characterized in that the permselective hollow fiber has one or more fins extending in the longitudinal direction at the outer periphery, and has a plurality of crimps. It provides a container.
以下本発明について更に詳細に説明する。The present invention will be explained in more detail below.
本発明における中空糸のフィンの数Ｘは少なくとも１で
あるが、１１以上になるとフィン根元部による有効膜面
積の減少が顕著になり、物質透析性能、水透過性能が著
しく低下し、実用的でない。即ちかかるＸは一般に１〜
１０であるが、さらｋは２〜８が好ましく、特に有効な
範囲は３〜７である。更に本発明の中空糸の外径（ｄ）
として１００〜４００ｐが好ましく、更には２００〜３
００μが好ましい。フィン部のない部分の膜厚（ｈ）と
しては５〜５０μ、更には５〜３０μ９％に１θ〜２５
μが好ましく、フィンの高さくＨ）としては５〜１００
μ、更には９〜６０μが好ましい。尚フィンの平均高さ
Ｈ（μ）とフィンを除外した中空糸の平均外径ｄ〔μ〕
の比Ｈ／ｄは、０．０１−１の範囲にあることが好まし
く、更には０．０２〜０．５の範囲、特に０．０３〜０
．２の範囲にあることが望ましい。In the present invention, the number X of fins in the hollow fiber is at least 1, but if it becomes 11 or more, the effective membrane area due to the fin root portion will be significantly reduced, and the material dialysis performance and water permeation performance will be significantly reduced, making it impractical. . That is, such X is generally 1 to
10, but k is preferably 2 to 8, with a particularly effective range of 3 to 7. Furthermore, the outer diameter (d) of the hollow fiber of the present invention
100 to 400p is preferable, more preferably 200 to 3
00μ is preferred. The film thickness (h) of the part without fins is 5 to 50μ, further 5 to 30μ9% and 1θ to 25
μ is preferable, and the fin height H) is 5 to 100.
μ, more preferably 9 to 60 μ. The average height of the fins H (μ) and the average outer diameter of the hollow fibers excluding the fins d [μ]
The ratio H/d is preferably in the range of 0.01-1, more preferably in the range of 0.02-0.5, particularly 0.03-0.
．． It is desirable that it be in the range of 2.
またフィンの根元の巾（Ｗ）はフィンの上部に比して狭
いのが望ましいが、通常は紡糸原液が口金から吐出後、
原液の表面張力で根元部分は広くなりやすい。かかるＷ
としては１５〜５０μ、好ましくは２０〜４０μのもの
が適当である。It is also desirable that the width (W) at the base of the fin is narrower than the top of the fin, but usually after the spinning dope is discharged from the spinneret,
The root part tends to become wider due to the surface tension of the undiluted solution. It takes W
A suitable thickness is 15 to 50μ, preferably 20 to 40μ.
この様な範囲にある中空糸は真円性良好であり中空糸内
での血液凝固や残血が生じにくい点でも好ましい。尚１
本の中空糸に複数条のフィンを有する場合には、各々の
フィンの高さくＨ）や巾（Ｗ）が同一でも異なっていて
もよい。さらに該フィンの少なくとも一部が中空糸外表
面にラセン状にめぐらされてもよく、また該フィンが不
連続状であってもよい。Hollow fibers within this range are preferable because they have good roundness and are less likely to cause blood coagulation or residual blood within the hollow fibers. Sho 1
When the hollow fiber of a book has a plurality of fins, the height (H) and width (W) of each fin may be the same or different. Furthermore, at least a portion of the fins may be wound around the outer surface of the hollow fiber in a helical shape, or the fins may be discontinuous.
また本発明の中空糸は、前記のフィンを具備したことに
加えて、複数個の横締を有することを特徴としている。Further, the hollow fiber of the present invention is characterized by having a plurality of horizontal fasteners in addition to the above-mentioned fins.
捲縮の振幅の好ましい範囲は中空糸の外径（ｄ）の１〜
５００％、更に好ましい範囲はｄの２０〜２００チであ
る。この振幅がｄの１チ未満では格別の効果が得られに
くく、ｄのｓｏｏ＊ｖ越えると中空糸内の流動抵抗が大
きくなり、血液処理に用いた場合には中空糸内の残血が
生じやすくなるので好ましくない。また本発明の中空糸
がｄの５倍未満では中空糸内の流動抵抗が大きくなった
り残血が生じやすくなり、またｄの１０００倍を越える
と格別の効果が得られないので好ましくない。尚かかる
捲縮の振幅。The preferred range of crimp amplitude is from 1 to the outer diameter (d) of the hollow fiber.
500%, and a more preferable range is d of 20 to 200 inches. If this amplitude is less than 1 inch of d, it is difficult to obtain a particular effect, and if it exceeds soo*v of d, the flow resistance within the hollow fiber becomes large, and when used for blood treatment, residual blood may occur within the hollow fiber. This is not preferable as it makes it easier. Further, if the hollow fiber of the present invention is less than 5 times d, the flow resistance within the hollow fiber becomes large and residual blood tends to occur, and if it exceeds 1000 times d, no particular effect can be obtained, which is not preferable. Furthermore, the amplitude of such crimp.
波長及びその方向性は均一であっても不均一であっても
よいが、後述する如く分＃器内に収納した場合に不均一
の方が中空糸どうしの密着ｈ１より生じにくいので好ま
しい。Although the wavelength and its directionality may be uniform or non-uniform, non-uniformity is preferable because it is less likely to occur when the hollow fibers are in close contact with each other h1 when stored in a separator, as will be described later.
さらに本発明の中空糸の軸が形成する湾曲における最小
自車半径Ｒは、２〜ｌｏｏ■の範囲にあることが好まし
く、更忙は１０〜５０餌の範囲が良い。かかるＲが２■
未酒の場合には血液処理の際に凝血や残血が生じやすく
なり、また１００ｍを越えると捲縮を付与した効果が得
にくい。Further, the minimum self-vehicle radius R in the curve formed by the axis of the hollow fiber of the present invention is preferably in the range of 2 to loo■, and the radius is preferably in the range of 10 to 50 baits. This R is 2■
In the case of unsalted blood, clots and residual blood are likely to occur during blood processing, and if the length exceeds 100 m, it is difficult to obtain the effect of crimp.
また本発明における中空糸血液透析用の場合には、フィ
ン部を除いた部分での水透過性能ＵＦＲとしては、１．
０〜３０．０ｍ／（ｍ’・ｈｒ ＠ｍＨｇ ）の範囲に
あるものが好ましく、殊に３．０〜１０．Ｏｔｄ／ （
ｍ”・ｈｒ ＠ｍＨｇ）が良い。In addition, in the case of the hollow fiber for hemodialysis according to the present invention, the water permeability UFR in the portion excluding the fin portion is 1.
It is preferably in the range of 0 to 30.0 m/(m'·hr @mHg), particularly 3.0 to 10. Otd/ (
m”・hr @mHg) is good.
本発明の中空糸を構成する素材としては、選択透過性中
空糸を形成し得るものであれば４９に限定されるもので
はな（、その好ましいものとしてセルロース、セルツー
スエステル。The material constituting the hollow fiber of the present invention is not limited to 49 as long as it can form a permselective hollow fiber (preferable examples include cellulose and cellulose ester).
ポリアミド、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリメチルメタア
クリレート、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリカーボネート
、ポリオレフィン、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルスルホ
ン、これらを用いた共重合体及び仲の物との混合物等が
挙げられる。特に体液処理を目的とした中空糸に関して
はセルロース、セルシースエステル、ポリメ牛ルメタア
クリレート、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリスルホン、ポ
リエーテルスルホン等カ好＊しく、殊にセルロース、セ
ルロースエステルが実用上好ましい。Examples include polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polyolefin, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, copolymers using these, and mixtures with intermediates. In particular, for hollow fibers intended for body fluid treatment, cellulose, cellceath ester, polymer methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, etc. are preferred, and cellulose and cellulose ester are particularly preferred for practical purposes.
また本発明の中空糸はその製造法によって特に限定され
るものではな（、その１例を以下忙示す。即ち前記の如
きフィン付中９糸を紡糸成形した後、捲縮加工を行なう
方法が挙げられる。この紡糸成形を行なう方法としては
、溶融紡糸、湿式紡糸、半乾半湿紡糸あるいは乾式紡糸
等の種々挙げられる。溶融紡糸によって製造する場合を
以下に例示する。即ち中空糸膜の紡糸涙液（溶和物、又
は溶液）を常法に従って、例えば二重円環部の外周部に
切欠部を有した紡糸口金の中空状の孔から気体中又は紡
糸浴中に押出し、中心部に＃！素材を溶かさず実質的に
反応しない気体、又は液体をみたして中空を保持しなが
ら紡糸する。Furthermore, the hollow fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited by its manufacturing method (one example is shown below. Namely, a method in which a finned medium fiber as described above is spun and formed and then crimped is performed). There are various methods for carrying out this spinning process, such as melt spinning, wet spinning, semi-dry semi-wet spinning, and dry spinning. Examples of production by melt spinning are as follows. Namely, spinning of hollow fiber membranes. The lachrymal fluid (dissolved material or solution) is extruded into the gas or spinning bath through a hollow hole of a spinneret having a notch on the outer periphery of the double ring part according to a conventional method. #! Fill with gas or liquid that does not melt or substantially react with the material and spin while maintaining the hollow space.
例えば、セルｐ−スｐジアセテートフレークスにポリエ
チレングリコール等の可塑剤を加え、溶融紡糸して紡糸
ノズルの中空状の孔囚がら空気中に押出し、中心部に窒
素ガスを吹込みながら紡糸して中空状物糸とする。この
中空状物糸から可塑剤を除去し、要すればケこの様にし
て得られたフィン付中空糸に？＠縮性を付与する方法と
しては特に限定されるものではな（、例えば該中空糸の
熱可塑性をＪＰｌ用した熱処理加工や中空糸中の可塑剤
を熱水等で抽出する処理などが挙げられる。その１例と
して金網を表面に有した回転−一ラー上に上記中空糸（
又は中空糸束）を供給し、その金網に乗った状態の討中
空糸に熱風、熱水等を吹き付けることによって金網の目
開部に該中空糸の一部を押し込み、その形態が緒持され
た状態で冷風により冷却することによって押し込まれた
形態を固定せしめ、その後引取りボビンにより引取る方
法が適している。For example, a plasticizer such as polyethylene glycol is added to cell p-sp diacetate flakes, melt-spun, extruded into the air through the hollow hole of a spinning nozzle, and spun while blowing nitrogen gas into the center. Use hollow yarn. The plasticizer is removed from this hollow fiber, and if necessary, the hollow fiber with fins obtained in this way is made into a hollow fiber. The method of imparting shrinkability is not particularly limited (for example, heat treatment using JPL to improve the thermoplasticity of the hollow fibers, or treatment of extracting the plasticizer in the hollow fibers with hot water, etc.) As an example, the above-mentioned hollow fiber (
A part of the hollow fibers is forced into the openings of the wire mesh by blowing hot air, hot water, etc. onto the hollow fibers resting on the wire mesh, and the shape is retained. A suitable method is to fix the pushed-in shape by cooling with cold air and then take it off with a take-up bobbin.
また他の捲縮加工法の例として、回転す舌金網状の平板
上に前記のフィン付中空糸を熱風。As an example of another crimping method, the above-mentioned finned hollow fibers are crimped with hot air on a rotating flat plate in the form of a tongue wire mesh.
熱水等と共に吹き付けた後冷却することを特徴とする方
法や、比較的細い円管内に該フィン付中空糸を熱風と共
に吹き込んでその円管内に押し込んだ後冷却することに
より熱固定することを特徴とする方法、及びポビンに巻
き取った該フィン付中空糸を加熱処理した後冷却するこ
とにより熱固定することを特徴とする方法郷が挙げられ
る。A method characterized by blowing the finned hollow fiber with hot air into a relatively thin circular tube and then cooling it, or a method characterized by heat fixing by blowing the finned hollow fiber together with hot air into a relatively thin circular tube, pushing it into the circular tube, and then cooling it. and a method characterized in that the finned hollow fiber wound around a pobbin is heat-treated and then cooled to heat-fix it.
これらの熱処理における加熱温度９時間。The heating temperature in these heat treatments was 9 hours.
熱風及び／又は熱水を用いる場合の流速等の処理条件は
、該フィン付中空糸の素材や形状及び目的とする捲縮状
態に合せて適宜選択して行なうことができる。尚本発明
のフィン付中空糸は、特にフィンのない部分の膜厚が薄
い場合であってもフィンが存在することから該中空糸の
形態保持性に優れ、またフィンが中空糸を保膿する機能
を果して、上記の如き金網を用いても中空糸壁膜部を損
傷することなく非常に安定に捲縮加工を行ない得ること
を見い出した。またかかるフィン付中空糸においては、
フィンの存在によって熱処理後の捲縮状態の形態保持性
も非常に優れることもわかった。更に金網を用いて捲縮
加工を行なった場合には不均一な捲縮状態となりやすい
利点がある。When using hot air and/or hot water, processing conditions such as flow rate can be appropriately selected depending on the material and shape of the finned hollow fibers and the desired crimped state. In addition, the finned hollow fiber of the present invention has excellent shape retention properties of the hollow fiber because the fins are present even when the film thickness is particularly thin in the part without fins, and the fins also retain the pus in the hollow fiber. It has been found that the crimp process can be carried out very stably without damaging the hollow fiber wall membrane even when the wire mesh as described above is used. In addition, in such a finned hollow fiber,
It was also found that the presence of the fins provided excellent shape retention in the crimped state after heat treatment. Furthermore, when crimping is performed using a wire mesh, there is an advantage that non-uniform crimping tends to occur.
捲縮を付与する方法の他の例としては、紡糸口金からポ
リマーが吐出され、凝固又は冷却固化される時に、凝固
又は固化速度に中空糸円周方向く差違を持たせ、繊維構
造として、異方性を与える方法をとることもできる。Another example of a method for imparting crimps is to vary the coagulation or solidification rate in the circumferential direction of the hollow fiber when the polymer is discharged from a spinneret and solidified or solidified by cooling. It is also possible to take a method that provides directionality.
更に他の方法としては中空糸の円周方向及び又はフィン
部に異種のポリマー又は、物性を異にする同種のポリマ
ーを接合させることにより、捲縮を与えることもできる
。ｊ！に又、フィン付中空糸のフィンの長さ及び位置を
円周方向に対し非対称にすることにより、凝固又は固化
が、非対称になり、ｔ！縮を発生することもある。As another method, crimping can also be provided by bonding different types of polymers or the same type of polymers having different physical properties to the circumferential direction of the hollow fiber and/or to the fin portion. j! Furthermore, by making the length and position of the fins of the finned hollow fiber asymmetrical with respect to the circumferential direction, coagulation or solidification becomes asymmetrical, and t! Shrinkage may also occur.
かかる本発明の選択透過性中空糸は、流体分離に優れた
分離性能を発揮するものである。The permselective hollow fiber of the present invention exhibits excellent separation performance in fluid separation.
そめ流体分離としては特に限定されるものではなく、例
えば透析、限外ｒ過、逆浸透等の液体分離や、へ富化、
水素分離、ＣＯ分離、Ｈの分離等の気体分離などが挙げ
られる。特に本発明の中空糸は、中空糸外にお１する流
体の流動状態が良好であることを必要とする透析等の拡
散速度の差による分離や中空糸内でのスムーズな流動を
必要とする血液処理に適している。Some fluid separation is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, liquid separation such as dialysis, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, enrichment,
Examples include gas separation such as hydrogen separation, CO separation, and H separation. In particular, the hollow fibers of the present invention require separation due to differences in diffusion rates, such as dialysis, which requires good fluid flow conditions for the fluid flowing outside the hollow fibers, and smooth flow within the hollow fibers. Suitable for blood processing.
本発明の流体分離器は、流体混合物の分離機能部として
選択透過性中空糸束な収納したものであって、その選択
透過性中空糸として外周部において長手方向に延長され
た１条以上のフィンを有し且つ複数個の捲縮を有したも
のを用いることを＃ｊ徴としている。The fluid separator of the present invention houses a bundle of permselective hollow fibers as a fluid mixture separation function part, and the permselective hollow fibers include one or more fins extending in the longitudinal direction at the outer periphery. #j is characterized by the use of a crimp that has a plurality of crimps.
本発明の流体分離器にお；する中空糸の充填率は３０〜
７０）が好ましく、更には３５〜６０−が好ましい、該
充填率が３０％未満では１分散状態の良い本発明の中空
糸においても充填の不均一が生じ中空糸外側での透析液
や空気等の流体の流れにチャンネリング等の不均一を生
じる結果になりやすく好ましくない。また充填率が７０
チ以上では、中空糸束の充填が困難となるために好まし
くない。尚・かかる範囲で比較的高い充填率の状態のも
のについては、中空糸束に他のテープ状物、シート状物
、糸状物、網状物等の部材を巻きつげたり被覆したりな
どして該中空糸束を細（まとめるととＫよって処理器を
構成する容器内に収納せしめることが有効であり、その
場合においても形態保持が良好な捲縮とフィンの存在に
より中空糸間の密着が極めて生じにくい特徴を有する。The filling rate of hollow fibers in the fluid separator of the present invention is 30~
70) is preferable, and 35 to 60- is more preferable. If the filling rate is less than 30%, uneven filling will occur even in the hollow fiber of the present invention which has a good dispersion state, and the dialysate, air, etc. on the outside of the hollow fiber. This is undesirable because it tends to result in non-uniformity such as channeling in the fluid flow. Also, the filling rate is 70
If it is more than 1, it becomes difficult to fill the hollow fiber bundle, which is not preferable.・If the filling rate is relatively high within this range, the hollow fiber bundle may be wrapped or covered with other members such as tape-like materials, sheet-like materials, thread-like materials, or net-like materials. It is effective to store the hollow fiber bundle in a container constituting the processing device.Even in this case, the close contact between the hollow fibers is extremely high due to the presence of crimps and fins that retain their shape well. It has the characteristic that it is difficult to occur.
それ故充填車を高くして分離器全体を非常に小さくする
ことも容易にで営る。また比較的低い充填率の状態のも
のにあっては、中空糸の分散が均一になりやすくチャン
ネリングは生じにくく良好である。Therefore, it is easy to make the entire separator very small by increasing the height of the filling car. In addition, when the filling rate is relatively low, the hollow fibers are easily dispersed evenly, and channeling is less likely to occur.
また本発明の流体分離器は、例えば腋中空糸束の端部を
開口した状態で容西端部に固着シールした管板部を形成
せしめたものである場合に、その管板部での中空糸の分
散状態を均一にすることが容易であり、中空糸と５しの
密着によるリークが極めて生じにくい。尚流体分離器が
血液透析器の場合には、各管板部の外側に血液分配部材
及び血液収集部材を有し、容器の壁部に透析液の出入口
を具備した形が一般的である。Further, in the fluid separator of the present invention, for example, when a tube sheet portion is formed which is fixedly sealed at the west end portion of the axillary hollow fiber bundle with the end portion open, the hollow fibers in the tube sheet portion are fixedly sealed. It is easy to make the dispersion state uniform, and leaks due to close contact between the hollow fibers and the fibers are extremely unlikely to occur. When the fluid separator is a hemodialyzer, it generally has a blood distribution member and a blood collection member on the outside of each tube plate, and a dialysate inlet/outlet in the wall of the container.
本発明の流体分離器の用途としては、例えば人工腎臓９
人工肝臓、血漿分離処理、腹水処理１人工肺等の体液処
理や逆浸透、限外濾過、気体分離等が挙げられるが、こ
れらに限定されるものではない。The fluid separator of the present invention can be used, for example, in an artificial kidney 9.
Examples include, but are not limited to, artificial liver, plasma separation treatment, ascites treatment, body fluid treatment such as an artificial lung, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and gas separation.
以下本発明について実施例により更に具体的に説明する
が、本発明はこれらによって何ら制限されるものではな
い。EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
実施例１
セルｐ−スジアセテート１００部に対し、ポリエチレン
グリコール（分子量２００）及びジグリセリンを２３０
部加えたものを混合し、その混合物を１９０℃で溶融し
、フィン付番の中空糸用二重用環状スリットを有した紡
糸口金から、中空部の窒素ガスと共に紡出した後、内径
約２００μ、フィンのない部分の膜厚的２５μ。Example 1 230 parts of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 200) and diglycerin were added to 100 parts of cell p-diacetate.
The mixture was melted at 190°C, and spun together with nitrogen gas in the hollow part from a spinneret having a double circular slit for hollow fibers with fin numbers, and then the mixture was melted at 190°C, with an inner diameter of about 200μ, The thickness of the part without fins is 25μ.
フィンの高さ約３５μ、フィンの根元の巾約２５μ、フ
ィンの数６条なる血液透析用フィン付中空糸を樽た。A finned hollow fiber for hemodialysis with a fin height of about 35 μm, a width at the base of the fin of about 25 μm, and 6 fins was made into a barrel.
このフィン付中空糸を束状にして口開５■の金網上に供
給し、該金網上で熱水でポリエチレングリフールとジグ
リセリンを抽出せしめることにより、振幅的２００ｐ、
波長約１５鱈、最小曲率半径約２５瓢なるフィン付１１
１１１１中空糸束な得た。The finned hollow fibers were bundled and fed onto a wire mesh with an opening of 5 mm, and polyethylene glyfur and diglycerin were extracted with hot water on the wire mesh.
11 with a wavelength of about 15 fins and a minimum radius of curvature of about 25
1111 hollow fiber bundles were obtained.
この中空糸束な用いて充填率約５０慢、有効膜面積的１
ｍ’なる血液透析器を作成し、１ｎマ１ｔｒｏでの限外
濾過性、透析性能を測定した。Using this hollow fiber bundle, the filling rate is about 50, and the effective membrane area is 1.
A hemodialyzer named m' was prepared, and its ultrafiltration performance and dialysis performance were measured using 1n 1tro.
また凝血や残血特性についてもチェックした。Blood coagulation and residual blood characteristics were also checked.
それらの結果を併わせて第１１！に示す。Combine those results into 11th! Shown below.
実施例２，３
実施例１で得た捲縮加工前のフィン付中空糸を用いて、
各々口開３１ｍｓ １０１１ｍの金網上で可塑剤の熱水
抽出を行なうことにより、各々振幅的８０μ、波長的１
０■、最小曲率半径約１５糟なる中空糸束と、振幅的３
００μ、波長的３０ ｆｌｌｌｌ Ｆ最小曲率半径約３
０１！ＩＤＩなる中空糸束を得た。これらの中空糸束を
用いて実施例１と同様に血液透析器を作成し、その緒特
性を測定した結果を第１表に併わせて示す。Examples 2 and 3 Using the finned hollow fibers obtained in Example 1 before crimping,
By performing hot water extraction of the plasticizer on a 1011 m wire mesh with an opening of 31 ms, each
0 ■, a hollow fiber bundle with a minimum curvature radius of about 15 mm, and an amplitude of 3
00μ, wavelength 30 flllll F minimum radius of curvature approximately 3
01! A hollow fiber bundle called IDI was obtained. A hemodialyzer was prepared using these hollow fiber bundles in the same manner as in Example 1, and its properties were measured. The results are also shown in Table 1.
比較例１
実施例１で得た捲縮加工前のフィン付中空糸を熱水処理
して捲縮のない透析用中空糸を作成し、それを用いて実
施例１と同様の有効膜面積の血液透析器を作成し、緒特
性を測定した。その結果を併わせて第１表に示す。Comparative Example 1 The finned hollow fiber before crimping obtained in Example 1 was treated with hot water to create a hollow fiber for dialysis without crimping, and using it, the same effective membrane area as in Example 1 was obtained. A hemodialyzer was constructed and its characteristics were measured. The results are also shown in Table 1.
比較例２
実施例１と同様の混合物からなる紡糸Ｗ、１ｋを用いて
通常の円形断面の中空糸用紡糸口金により紡糸し、実施
例１と同様の処理を行なうことｋより、内径約２００μ
、＊厚め２３ｐであらて振幅的２００μ、波長的３００
１Ｉ１１．最小曲率半径約１２０瓢なる捲縮中空糸束な
得た。この中空糸束な用いて実施例１と同様の有効！Ｉ
′＠積の血液透析器を作成し、その緒特性を測定した。Comparative Example 2 Spun yarn W, 1k made of the same mixture as in Example 1 was spun using a normal circular cross-section hollow fiber spinneret, and subjected to the same treatment as in Example 1, resulting in an inner diameter of approximately 200μ.
, * thicker 23p, amplitude 200μ, wavelength 300
1I11. A crimped hollow fiber bundle with a minimum radius of curvature of about 120 mm was obtained. Using this hollow fiber bundle is as effective as in Example 1! I
We created a hemodialyzer with the following properties and measured its characteristics.
その結果を併わせて７１１表に示す。The results are also shown in Table 711.
比較例３
実施例１で得た捲縮加工前のフィン付中空糸を用％、ζ
′Ｃ％目開３■の口開上で前記処理を行な５際に、中空
糸の金網への押しつけ圧を上げることにより１ｍ！幅約
３，０００μ、波長約ＳＷｔ最小曲率手径約１■なる中
空糸束な得て、実施例１と同様の血液処理器を作成しそ
の諸特性を測定した。その結果を併わせて第１表に示す
。Comparative Example 3 The finned hollow fibers obtained in Example 1 before crimping were used in %, ζ
'C% The above treatment was carried out on a 3cm opening, and at the 5th stage, the pressing pressure of the hollow fibers against the wire mesh was increased to increase the pressure of the hollow fibers to 1m! A bundle of hollow fibers having a width of about 3,000 μm, a wavelength of about SWt, and a minimum curvature diameter of about 1 μm was obtained, and a blood processing device similar to that in Example 1 was prepared and its various characteristics were measured. The results are also shown in Table 1.
第１Ｉ！
但し尿素ダイアリザンスは、約３７℃で中空糸内の平均
血液側流速が約１．Ｈｚ／ｓｅｃの尿素水溶液を用い透
析液側の平均流速は約ＩＪｃｓ＋／ｓｅｅの水を用いて
測定した。尚フィン付糸の場合の有効膜面積はフィン部
根元部分は透析無効として算出した。1st I! However, in urea dialysance, the average blood flow velocity within the hollow fiber is approximately 1. The average flow rate on the dialysate side was measured using a urea aqueous solution of Hz/sec and water of about IJcs+/see. In the case of a finned thread, the effective membrane area was calculated assuming that dialysis is not effective at the base of the fin.
〈発明の効果〉
本発明の中空糸は、フィンを有し且つ捲縮を有すること
を＊＊としており、中空糸束として流体分離器に用いた
場合に中空糸間ど５しの密着が極めて少なく、中空糸外
表面での流動状態が良好にできるので、予測以上に分離
効果を非常に高くできる。さらＫ ＆！ ！板面を作成
する際の接着剤の分散状態を非常に良好にすることが可
能であり、管板リークが極めて少ない利点も蔦る。<Effects of the Invention> The hollow fibers of the present invention have fins and crimps**, and when used in a fluid separator as a hollow fiber bundle, the close contact between the hollow fibers is extremely high. Since the flow condition on the outer surface of the hollow fiber can be improved, the separation effect can be much higher than expected. Sara K &! ! It is possible to achieve a very good dispersion of the adhesive when creating the plate surface, and the advantage is that there is very little tube sheet leakage.
特に血液等の体液を処理するための本発明の体液処理器
においては、上記の利点に加えて中空糸内の凝血の発生
減少や残血量の減少なる優れた効果を奏する場合が多い
。Particularly, in the body fluid treatment device of the present invention for treating body fluids such as blood, in addition to the above-mentioned advantages, there are many cases where excellent effects such as a reduction in the occurrence of blood clots in the hollow fibers and a reduction in the amount of residual blood are achieved.
（，１−(,1-
Claims (2)
フィンを有し、且つ複数個の捲縮を有した選択透過性中
空糸。(1) A permselective hollow fiber having one or more fins extending in the longitudinal direction on the outer periphery and having a plurality of crimps.
て、該選択透過性中空糸が外周部において長手方向に延
長された１条以上のフィンを有し、且つ複数個の捲縮を
有したことを特徴とする流体分離器。(2) In a fluid separator containing a bundle of permselective hollow fibers, the permselective hollow fibers have one or more fins extending in the longitudinal direction on the outer periphery and have a plurality of crimps. A fluid separator characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18166485A JPS6242705A (en) | 1985-08-21 | 1985-08-21 | Permselective hollow yarn and fluid separator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18166485A JPS6242705A (en) | 1985-08-21 | 1985-08-21 | Permselective hollow yarn and fluid separator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6242705A true JPS6242705A (en) | 1987-02-24 |
| JPH031054B2 JPH031054B2 (en) | 1991-01-09 |
Family
ID=16104707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18166485A Granted JPS6242705A (en) | 1985-08-21 | 1985-08-21 | Permselective hollow yarn and fluid separator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6242705A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5062237A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1991-11-05 | Nobuhiro Kitagawa | Noosing bear trap |
| WO1995024262A1 (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1995-09-14 | Teijin Limited | Hollow-fiber blood-purifying membrane and process for producing the same |
| JP2015029927A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-16 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Hollow fiber membrane, method of manufacturing the same, and hollow fiber membrane module |
| JP2015029923A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-16 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Hollow fiber membrane for degassing and hollow fiber membrane module for degassing |
| JP2015109824A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-06-18 | 和田 三生 | Trigger device for animal trap, animal trap with the same, and idle operation prevention method of animal trap |
| US10946343B2 (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2021-03-16 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Acrylonitrile-based membrane with improved performance |
-
1985
- 1985-08-21 JP JP18166485A patent/JPS6242705A/en active Granted
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5062237A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1991-11-05 | Nobuhiro Kitagawa | Noosing bear trap |
| WO1995024262A1 (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1995-09-14 | Teijin Limited | Hollow-fiber blood-purifying membrane and process for producing the same |
| JP2015029927A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-16 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Hollow fiber membrane, method of manufacturing the same, and hollow fiber membrane module |
| JP2015029923A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-16 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Hollow fiber membrane for degassing and hollow fiber membrane module for degassing |
| JP2015109824A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-06-18 | 和田 三生 | Trigger device for animal trap, animal trap with the same, and idle operation prevention method of animal trap |
| US10946343B2 (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2021-03-16 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Acrylonitrile-based membrane with improved performance |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH031054B2 (en) | 1991-01-09 |
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| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |