JPS6237420Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案は、回転出力型、直線出力型のいずれに
も適用できる電動機に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an electric motor that can be applied to either a rotary output type or a linear output type.

一般に電動機の固定子の磁極歯板は平坦なドー
ナツ板状をしており、放射状に内周端と外周端と
から交互に磁極歯が配置される構成をとるが、こ
の平坦なドーナツ板状の磁極歯板では、それを円
周方向に多数着磁された回転子の永久磁石と対向
させたときに例えば内周端部がＮ極、外周端側が
Ｓ極、若しくはその逆極性というように磁極性が
一様に同一極性に誘磁されている磁極歯板の内周
端部と外周端部とが各磁極歯とは逆の影響を永久
磁石に及ぼすという問題がある。 Generally, the magnetic pole tooth plate of the stator of an electric motor is shaped like a flat donut plate, and the magnetic pole teeth are arranged radially alternately from the inner peripheral end and the outer peripheral end. When facing the permanent magnets of the rotor, which are magnetized in large numbers in the circumferential direction, the magnetic pole tooth plate has magnetic poles such that, for example, the inner peripheral end is the N pole, the outer peripheral end is the S pole, or the opposite polarity. There is a problem in that the inner peripheral end and the outer peripheral end of the magnetic pole tooth plate, which are uniformly induced to have the same polarity, exert an influence on the permanent magnet opposite to that of each magnetic pole tooth.

本考案はこのような問題に鑑みてなされたもの
であり、各磁極歯をプラトー状に永久磁石の方に
突き出す形状にすることにより磁極歯板の内、外
周端部を永久磁石から離れさせ、その磁気的な悪
影響を回転子に及ばないようにした電動機を提供
することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in consideration of these problems, and its object is to provide an electric motor in which each magnetic pole tooth is shaped so that it protrudes toward the permanent magnet in a plateau shape, thereby separating the inner and outer peripheral ends of the magnetic pole tooth plate from the permanent magnet, thereby preventing any adverse magnetic effects from being exerted on the rotor.

本考案を以下、図に示す実施例と共に説明す
る。この実施例は直線出力型電動機であるが、本
考案はこの実施例に限定されることはなく回転子
に直接出力軸の固着されている回転出力型電動機
にも容易に利用できる。 The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the figures. Although this embodiment is a linear output type electric motor, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment and can be easily applied to a rotary output type electric motor in which the output shaft is directly fixed to the rotor.

第１図において固定子１０は、２個の環状励磁
コイル１１ａ，１１ｂ、これらの励磁コイル１１
ａ，１１ｂをそれぞれ絶縁する樹脂絶縁材１２
ａ，１２ｂ及び両励磁コイル１１ａ，１１ｂを包
囲する継鉄１３を具える。また両励磁コイル１１
ａ，１１ｂの対向する側面にはそれぞれ磁極歯板
１４ａ，１４ｂが設けられている。磁極歯板１４
ａ，１４ｂはそれぞれドーナツ状軟磁性金属板製
であつて、第２図及び第３図に示すように外周縁
部１５を起端とし内周縁部１６に連結用細片１７
を介して先端が接続されている磁極歯１８の放射
状の列と、逆に内周縁部１６を起端とし外周縁部
１５に連結用細片１９を介して先端が接続されて
いる磁極歯２０の放射状の列とが交互に隣合うよ
うに設けられた構成である。隣合う磁極歯１８，
２０間の角度は円周方向に等角度であり、この実
施例では後述するドーナツ板状永久磁石２２の
Ｎ，Ｓ極間の角度と等しく22.5度としてある。さ
らに各磁極歯１８，２０はそれぞれ第１図に示す
ように凸形に形成されている。回転子２１は、ド
ーナツ板状で円周方向に等角度でＮ極、Ｓ極が交
互に着磁された永久磁石２２と、この永久磁石２
２の内周部に設けられた軸部２３とで構成され
る。永久磁石２２は、その材料が磁気異方性のも
のであるときには表裏で逆極性となるように着磁
され、磁気等方性であれば表裏が同極性に着磁さ
れる。極数は、本実施例にあつては22.5度ずつ等
分割してＮ極Ｓ極それぞれ８極ずつであるが、こ
の極数は用途に応じて加減される。軸部２３は金
属円筒状の基体２３ａに合性樹脂の成形材２３ｂ
をアウトサート成形して一体化した構造である。
成形材２３ｂの内周部に雌ネジ軸孔２３ｃが設け
られている。しかして固定子１０の両励磁コイル
１１ａ，１１ｂ間の相対向する面に配置された磁
極歯板１４ａ，１４ｂ間の間隙に回転子２１のド
ーナツ板状永久磁石２２が位置するように組立て
られる。軸部２３の基体２３ａの左右両端部外周
と、各励磁コイル１１ａ，１１ｂの外側継鉄内周
との対向面部に回転軸受２４ａ，２４ｂとしての
ボールベアリングが介装され、回転子２１の回転
が固定子１０により軸承されている。出力軸２５
はスプラインなどの円形以外の外形を有するスラ
イド軸部２５ａ、雄ネジ部２５ｂ及び後部スライ
ド軸部２５ｃを備えている。スライド軸部２５ａ
はケース蓋２６の中央のボス部２６ａに軸方向の
スライドのみができるように支持されており、雄
ネジ部２５ｂは回転子２１の軸部２３の雌ネジ軸
孔２３ｃと螺合されており、後部スライド軸部２
５ｃはケース２７の中央のボス部２７ａにスライ
ド自在に支持されている。出力軸２５において２
８，２９は回転規制用ストツパであり、それぞれ
第４図に示すように180度反対の位置に当接用突
部２８ａ，２８ｂ及び２９ａ，２９ｂを有する。
このストツパ２８，２９は回転子２１の軸部２３
の内周縁近くに挿通されているストツプピン３
０，３１の突出端と当接し、それ以上の出力軸２
５の移動を停止させるべく回転子２１の回転を止
めるために設けられている。３２は本実施例の電
動機がシーリングを必要とするためにケース蓋２
６とケース２７との嵌合部に介在させられたシー
リングパツキンである。３３は回転子２１と回転
軸受２４ｂとの間のガタつきを防ぐために介装さ
れた円形で波状のワツシヤ、３４は固定子１０と
ケース２７との間のガタつきを防ぐために継鉄１
３とケース２７との間に介装された波状ワツシヤ
である。 In FIG. 1, the stator 10 includes two annular excitation coils 11a and 11b, and these excitation coils 11.
Resin insulating material 12 insulating each of a and 11b
a, 12b and a yoke 13 surrounding both excitation coils 11a, 11b. Also, both excitation coils 11
Magnetic pole tooth plates 14a and 14b are provided on opposing side surfaces of a and 11b, respectively. Magnetic pole tooth plate 14
a and 14b are each made of a donut-shaped soft magnetic metal plate, and as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the outer peripheral edge 15 is the starting point and the inner peripheral edge 16 has a connecting strip 17.
A radial row of magnetic pole teeth 18 whose tips are connected via a radial row of magnetic pole teeth 18 and a radial row of magnetic pole teeth 20 whose tips start from the inner circumferential edge 16 and are connected to the outer circumferential edge 15 via a connecting strip 19. radial rows are arranged alternately adjacent to each other. Adjacent magnetic pole teeth 18,
The angle between the magnets 20 and 20 is equal in the circumferential direction, and in this embodiment is set to 22.5 degrees, which is equal to the angle between the N and S poles of the donut plate-shaped permanent magnet 22, which will be described later. Furthermore, each of the magnetic pole teeth 18, 20 is formed in a convex shape, as shown in FIG. The rotor 21 includes a donut plate-shaped permanent magnet 22 whose N pole and S pole are alternately magnetized at equal angles in the circumferential direction, and this permanent magnet 2.
2, and a shaft portion 23 provided on the inner peripheral portion of the shaft portion 2. When the permanent magnet 22 is made of magnetically anisotropic material, the front and back sides are magnetized with opposite polarities, and when it is magnetically isotropic, the front and back sides are magnetized with the same polarity. In this embodiment, the number of poles is divided into equal parts of 22.5 degrees, with eight poles each for the north and south poles, but the number of poles can be adjusted depending on the application. The shaft portion 23 has a metal cylindrical base 23a and a synthetic resin molded material 23b.
It is an integrated structure made by outsert molding.
A female threaded shaft hole 23c is provided in the inner peripheral portion of the molded material 23b. Thus, the rotor 21 is assembled so that the donut plate-shaped permanent magnet 22 of the rotor 21 is located in the gap between the magnetic pole tooth plates 14a, 14b disposed on the opposing surfaces of the excitation coils 11a, 11b of the stator 10. Ball bearings as rotary bearings 24a and 24b are interposed between the outer periphery of both left and right ends of the base body 23a of the shaft portion 23 and the inner periphery of the outer yoke of each exciting coil 11a and 11b, and the rotation of the rotor 21 is It is supported by a stator 10. Output shaft 25
includes a slide shaft portion 25a having a non-circular outer shape such as a spline, a male screw portion 25b, and a rear slide shaft portion 25c. Slide shaft portion 25a
is supported by the central boss portion 26a of the case lid 26 so as to be able to slide only in the axial direction, and the male screw portion 25b is screwed into the female screw shaft hole 23c of the shaft portion 23 of the rotor 21. Rear slide shaft part 2
5c is slidably supported by the central boss portion 27a of the case 27. 2 at the output shaft 25
Reference numerals 8 and 29 designate rotation regulating stoppers, each having contact protrusions 28a, 28b and 29a, 29b at 180 degrees opposite positions, as shown in FIG.
These stoppers 28 and 29 are connected to the shaft portion 23 of the rotor 21.
Stop pin 3 inserted near the inner peripheral edge of
The output shaft 2 that comes into contact with the protruding end of 0, 31 and beyond that
The rotor 21 is provided to stop the rotation of the rotor 21 in order to stop the movement of the rotor 5. 32 is the case lid 2 because the electric motor of this embodiment requires sealing.
This is a sealing gasket interposed at the fitting portion between the case 6 and the case 27. 33 is a circular and wavy washer interposed to prevent rattling between the rotor 21 and the rotating bearing 24b, and 34 is a yoke 1 to prevent rattling between the stator 10 and the case 27.
This is a wavy washer interposed between the case 27 and the case 27.

上記構成の直線出力型電動機の動作を次に説明
する。励磁コイル１１ａ，１１ｂに交番電流を印
加して交番磁界を生じさせると、継鉄１３及び磁
極歯板１４ａ，１４ｂを通る磁気回路が形成され
る。磁極歯板１４ａ，１４ｂのある瞬間における
誘導磁気が第３図に示すように外側がＮ極、内側
がＳ極であるとすると、このとき磁極歯１８の列
にはＮ極が励磁され、磁極歯２０の列にはＳ極が
励磁される。印加電流の位相が反転した次の瞬間
には、逆に磁極歯１８の列にはＳ極、磁極歯２０
の列にはＮ極が励磁される。この交番磁気により
磁極歯板１４ａ，１４ｂと対向している回転子２
１の永久磁石２２の各磁区は吸引力、反発力を受
けて回転を生起する。回転子２１が回転を始める
と、回転子２１の軸部２３の雌ネジ軸孔２３ｃに
螺合している出力軸２５の雄ネジ部２５ｂに直線
運動力が生起され、この力により出力軸２５が
左、又は右に移動を始める。いま、出力軸２５が
右方向に駆動されて来て第１図の状態になつたと
すると、このときには左側のストツパ２９の当接
用突部２９ａ，２９ｂ（２９ｂは図では見えな
い。）にそれぞれストツパピン３０，３１の左側
突出端部が当接して回転子２１の回転を停止さ
せ、これに供なつて出力軸２５の右方向への移動
を停止させる。第１図において想像線で示すよう
に出力軸２５が左方向の移動されて来たときに
は、今度はストツプピン３０，３１の右側突出端
部がそれぞれ右側のストツパ２８の突部２８ａ，
２８ｂ（２８は図では見えない。）に当接して回
転子２１の回転を止め、出力軸２５の左方向への
移動を停止させる。このようにして、回転子２１
の回転力が出力軸２５にはストツパ２８，２９間
の距離分だけの左又は右方向への直線運動に変換
されて取り出されるのである。 The operation of the linear output type electric motor having the above configuration will be explained next. When an alternating current is applied to the excitation coils 11a, 11b to generate an alternating magnetic field, a magnetic circuit passing through the yoke 13 and the magnetic pole teeth plates 14a, 14b is formed. Assuming that the induced magnetism at a certain moment in the magnetic pole tooth plates 14a and 14b is an N pole on the outside and an S pole on the inside as shown in FIG. The row of teeth 20 is energized with a south pole. At the next moment when the phase of the applied current is reversed, conversely, the row of magnetic pole teeth 18 has an S pole and a row of magnetic pole teeth 20
The N pole is excited in the column. The rotor 2 faces the magnetic pole tooth plates 14a and 14b due to this alternating magnetism.
Each magnetic domain of the first permanent magnet 22 receives attractive force and repulsive force to cause rotation. When the rotor 21 starts rotating, a linear motion force is generated in the male screw portion 25b of the output shaft 25 that is screwed into the female screw shaft hole 23c of the shaft portion 23 of the rotor 21, and this force causes the output shaft 25 to rotate. begins to move to the left or right. Now, suppose that the output shaft 25 is driven rightward and reaches the state shown in FIG. The left protruding ends of the stopper pins 30 and 31 come into contact to stop the rotation of the rotor 21, and accordingly stop the movement of the output shaft 25 in the right direction. When the output shaft 25 is moved to the left as shown by the imaginary line in FIG.
28b (28 is not visible in the figure), the rotation of the rotor 21 is stopped, and the leftward movement of the output shaft 25 is stopped. In this way, the rotor 21
The rotational force is converted to a linear movement in the left or right direction corresponding to the distance between the stoppers 28 and 29 and is extracted from the output shaft 25.

本考案は以上のように２個の環状励磁コイルの
対向する側面間に回転子のドーナツ板状永久磁石
を配置してこの永久磁石を励磁コイルが誘起する
磁気で回転させるようにし、回転子の永久磁石の
内周部に設けた雌ネジ軸孔を出力軸の雄ネジ部と
螺合させているので、磁気作用面が軸に垂直な円
形状となり、従来の軸に平行な円筒面となるもの
に比して軸方向の長さを短小にできる。また励磁
コイルの側方位置に磁気回路が形成できるので、
回転子の永久磁石に生起される回転モーメントは
中心軸に対して長いアームを有することになり、
回転力を向上させることができるのである。ここ
で各磁極歯１８，２０を凸形にした理由を第５図
を参照しながら説明する。いま同図ａのように継
鉄１３′の左側開口に平坦な磁極歯板１４′を設け
たとし、その１つの磁極歯１８′が磁極歯板１
４′の外周縁部１５′のＳ極と同一でＳ極を誘磁さ
れたとするときには、磁極歯板１４′の内周縁部
１６′はＮ極となつている。この状態で磁極歯１
８′のところに永久磁石２２′のＮ極磁区が対向し
たときには、磁極歯１８′のＳ極とＮ極磁区との
間では吸引力が働く。しかし、内周縁部１６′の
Ｎ極はＮ極磁区と反発し合い、この反発力が上記
の正当な吸引力をいくらかでも打消す力となり、
永久磁石２２′に働くトルクを若干弱めることに
なる。しかし第５図ｂのように各磁極歯１８，２
０が凸形になつていると、永久磁石２２と磁極歯
板１４ａ，１４ｂ（１４ｂは図に示さず。）の外
周縁部１５、内周縁部１６との間は大きく離れて
おり、このためにこの縁部１５，１６が永久磁石
２２に及ぼす影響はきわめて小さいか全くないか
になるのである。 As described above, the present invention arranges the donut plate-shaped permanent magnet of the rotor between the opposing sides of the two annular excitation coils, and rotates this permanent magnet with the magnetism induced by the excitation coil. Since the female threaded shaft hole provided on the inner circumference of the permanent magnet is screwed together with the male threaded part of the output shaft, the magnetically active surface becomes a circular shape perpendicular to the shaft, unlike the conventional cylindrical surface parallel to the shaft. The length in the axial direction can be made shorter and shorter than that of other types. Also, since a magnetic circuit can be formed on the side of the excitation coil,
The rotation moment generated in the permanent magnet of the rotor has a long arm with respect to the central axis,
This allows the rotational force to be improved. The reason why each magnetic pole tooth 18, 20 is made convex will now be explained with reference to FIG. Now suppose that a flat magnetic pole tooth plate 14' is provided at the left opening of the yoke 13' as shown in FIG.
When the S pole of the outer peripheral edge 15' of the magnetic pole tooth plate 14' is magnetized, the inner peripheral edge 16' of the magnetic pole tooth plate 14' becomes the N pole. In this state, magnetic pole tooth 1
When the N-pole magnetic domain of the permanent magnet 22' faces 8', an attractive force acts between the S-pole and the N-pole magnetic domain of the magnetic pole tooth 18'. However, the N pole of the inner peripheral edge portion 16' repels the N pole magnetic domain, and this repulsive force becomes a force that cancels out some of the above-mentioned legitimate attractive force.
This will slightly weaken the torque acting on the permanent magnet 22'. However, as shown in FIG. 5b, each magnetic pole tooth 18, 2
0 has a convex shape, there is a large distance between the permanent magnet 22 and the outer peripheral edge 15 and inner peripheral edge 16 of the magnetic pole tooth plates 14a and 14b (14b is not shown in the figure). The influence of these edges 15, 16 on the permanent magnet 22 is therefore very small or non-existent.

本考案は以上のように回転子の永久磁石の各磁
区に対向する固定子の磁極歯を凸形にしているの
で、永久磁石は近接しているこの磁極歯に大きな
磁気力を受け、磁極歯板の内、外周縁部とは距離
が離れるために悪影響を受けない利点がある。ま
た各磁極歯を凸形とするので、永久磁石から内、
外周縁部が離れるように磁極歯板の外径を大きく
する必要もなく、コンパクト化も図れる利点があ
る。 As described above, in the present invention, the magnetic pole teeth of the stator that face each magnetic domain of the permanent magnet of the rotor are made convex, so the permanent magnet receives a large magnetic force from these adjacent magnetic pole teeth, and the magnetic pole teeth It has the advantage of not being adversely affected by the distance between the inner and outer peripheral edges of the plate. In addition, since each magnetic pole tooth is convex, from the permanent magnet to the inside,
There is no need to increase the outer diameter of the magnetic pole tooth plate so that the outer peripheral edge portions are separated, and there is an advantage that compactness can be achieved.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本考案の一実施例の断面図、第２図は
同上における磁極歯板の一部分の側面図、第３図
は同上における固定子の磁極歯板と回転子の永久
磁石との対応関係を示す分解斜視図、第４図は同
上における出力軸のストツパの斜視図、第５図は
同上における凸形磁極歯の作用を説明する模式図
である。 １０……固定子、１１，１１ａ，１１ｂ……励
磁コイル、１３……継鉄、１４，１４ａ，１４ｂ
……磁極歯板、１５……外周縁部、１６……内周
縁部、１８……磁極歯、２０……磁極歯板、２１
……回転子、２２……永久磁石。 Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view of a part of the magnetic pole tooth plate in the same as above, and Fig. 3 is a correspondence between the magnetic pole tooth plate of the stator and the permanent magnet of the rotor in the same as above. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the relationship, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the stopper of the output shaft in the same as above, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the action of the convex magnetic pole teeth in the same as above. 10... Stator, 11, 11a, 11b... Excitation coil, 13... Yoke, 14, 14a, 14b
...Magnetic pole tooth plate, 15...Outer peripheral edge, 16...Inner peripheral edge, 18...Magnetic pole tooth, 20...Magnetic pole tooth plate, 21
...Rotor, 22...Permanent magnet.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 円板状励磁コイルとこの励磁コイルの側面に形
成された円板状軟磁性材の磁極歯板と上記励磁コ
イルが誘起する磁束を磁極歯板に導く継鉄とを備
える固定子、及び上記磁極歯板と対面する円板状
の永久磁石であつてＮ極とＳ極とが円周方向に等
角度で交互に着磁された永久磁石を備える回転子
から成り、上記磁極歯板にはその内周端から外方
へ伸びる磁極歯とその外周端から内方へ伸びる磁
極歯とが交互にかつ上記永久磁石の各磁区の角度
と等しい角度を隔てて形成されており、これらの
２種類の各磁極歯は永久磁石と対向する中央平坦
部が内、外周縁部より永久磁石側に突出している
ことを特徴とする電動機。 A stator comprising a disc-shaped excitation coil, a magnetic pole tooth plate made of a disc-shaped soft magnetic material formed on a side surface of the excitation coil, and a yoke that guides magnetic flux induced by the excitation coil to the magnetic pole tooth plate, and the magnetic pole. It consists of a rotor equipped with a disk-shaped permanent magnet facing a toothed plate, in which N and S poles are alternately magnetized at equal angles in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic pole toothed plate has its own permanent magnet. Magnetic pole teeth extending outward from the inner circumferential edge and magnetic pole teeth extending inward from the outer circumferential edge are formed alternately and separated by an angle equal to the angle of each magnetic domain of the permanent magnet, and these two types An electric motor characterized in that each magnetic pole tooth has a central flat part facing a permanent magnet that protrudes toward the permanent magnet from the inner and outer peripheral edges.