JPS62286835A - Driving device for four-wheel driving vehicle - Google Patents

Driving device for four-wheel driving vehicle

Info

Publication number
JPS62286835A
JPS62286835A JP12776186A JP12776186A JPS62286835A JP S62286835 A JPS62286835 A JP S62286835A JP 12776186 A JP12776186 A JP 12776186A JP 12776186 A JP12776186 A JP 12776186A JP S62286835 A JPS62286835 A JP S62286835A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
shaft
clutch
wheel
vehicle
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP12776186A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Seiichi Hirai
誠一 平井
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honda Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority to JP12776186A priority Critical patent/JPS62286835A/en
Publication of JPS62286835A publication Critical patent/JPS62286835A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the interference with a projecting article on a road surface by connecting the first and the second shafts of a propulsion shaft by an inter mediate shaft and increasing the ground clearance of a selecting clutch by installing the selecting clutch onto the intermediate shaft. CONSTITUTION:A propulsion shaft S consists of the first shaft 4 connected with the output shaft 2 of a transfer T, the second shaft 5 connected with the input shaft 3 of a rear part differential device, and an intermediate shaft 6 connected between the both shafts 4 and 5 through joints J3 and J4. The intermediate shaft 6 is divided into the front and rear half shafts 6a and 6b, and a power transmission cut-off device 1 is installed. The selecting clutch 8 of the power transmission cut-off device 1 has a clutch inner 35 serration- connected with the front half shaft 6a. Since, with such constitution, the device 1 is arranged onto the floor plate Ba of a chassis, and the ground clearance of the selecting clutch 8 is increased, the interference with a projecting article on a road surface can be avoided.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 3、発明の詳細な説明 A1発明の目的 (1)産業上の利用分野 本発明は、前後いずれか一方の車輪には、それを常時駆
動すべくパワーユニットが接続され、前記一方の車輪と
剛性的に)妾続可能な前後いずれか他方の車輪と、前記
パワーユニ、トとの間には、動力の伝達、遮断を切換可
能な切換クラッチが介装されて成る四輪駆vJ車の駆動
装置に関する。
Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention A1 Purpose of the Invention (1) Industrial Field of Application The present invention provides that a power unit is connected to one of the front and rear wheels to constantly drive the wheel. A four-wheeled vehicle in which a switching clutch capable of switching between transmission and cutoff of power is interposed between the other wheel, either front or rear, which can be rigidly connected to the one wheel, and the power unit. This invention relates to a drive device for a VJ vehicle.

(2)従来の技術 従来、かかる装置は、たとえば実開昭59−18873
1号公報で公知である。
(2) Prior art Conventionally, such a device has been used, for example, in U.S. Pat.
It is publicly known from Publication No. 1.

(3)発明が解決しようとする問題点 ところが、上記従来の技術では、切換クラッチを差動装
置と一体的に設けており、差動装置の地上高が比較的低
いのに応して、切換クラッチの地上高も低くならざるを
得ない。このため、切換りラッチが走行中に路面の突起
物と干渉するおそれがあり、しかも切換クラッチで発生
する多量の摩擦熱が差動装置に伝わって、その内部の潤
滑油を劣化させるおそれもある。
(3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, the switching clutch is provided integrally with the differential gear, and since the ground clearance of the differential gear is relatively low, the switching clutch is The ground clearance of the clutch also has to be lowered. For this reason, there is a risk that the switching latch may interfere with protrusions on the road surface while the vehicle is running, and a large amount of frictional heat generated by the switching clutch may be transmitted to the differential gear, causing the lubricating oil inside it to deteriorate. .

本発明は、かかる事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、切
換クラッチの地上高を高くするとともに、その内部の摩
擦熱の他への影響を抑えるようにした四輪駆動車の駆動
装置を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a drive device for a four-wheel drive vehicle in which the ground clearance of a switching clutch is increased and the influence of internal frictional heat on other objects is suppressed. The purpose is to

B1発明の構成 (1)問題点を解決するための手段 本発明によれば、パワーユニットと、他方の車輪とを接
続する推進軸は、パワーユニットに連な、 る第1軸と
、他方の車輪に連なる第2軸と、第1および第2軸間に
ジヨイントを介して接続される中間軸とから成り、切換
クラッチは中間軸に介装されるとともに車体の床板に支
承される。
B1 Structure of the Invention (1) Means for Solving Problems According to the present invention, the propulsion shaft connecting the power unit and the other wheel is connected to the first shaft connected to the power unit and the other wheel. It consists of a continuous second shaft and an intermediate shaft connected between the first and second shafts via a joint, and the switching clutch is installed on the intermediate shaft and supported on the floor plate of the vehicle body.

(2)作 用 切換クラッチは車体の床板に支承されるので、駆動装置
の他の要素に干渉されることなく充分に地上高が高めら
れる。また切換クラッチで発生した摩擦熱は推進軸全体
で遮られ、差動装置側への熱影響が抑えられる。
(2) Since the operation switching clutch is supported on the floor plate of the vehicle body, the ground clearance can be sufficiently increased without being interfered with by other elements of the drive device. Furthermore, the frictional heat generated by the switching clutch is blocked by the entire propulsion shaft, suppressing the thermal effect on the differential gear.

(3)実施例 以下、図面により本発明の一実施例について説明すると
、先ず第1図および第2図において、各一対の前輪wr
、wrおよび後輪Wr、Wrが車体Bに図示しない懸架
装置を介して懸架され、車体Bの前部にはエンジンE、
変速段M、前部差動装置DfおよびトランスファTから
成るパワーユニットPが搭載される。
(3) Example Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. First, in FIGS. 1 and 2, each pair of front wheels wr
, wr and rear wheels Wr, Wr are suspended on the vehicle body B via a suspension device (not shown), and the front part of the vehicle body B is equipped with an engine E,
A power unit P consisting of a gear M, a front differential Df, and a transfer T is mounted.

左右の前輪wr、wrにそれぞれ連なる一対の前車軸A
「、Afは、前部差動装置Dfを介して相互に連結され
る。また左右の後輪Wr、Wrにそれぞれ連なる一対の
後車軸Ar、Arは後部差動装置Drを介して相互に接
続される。さらに動力伝達、遮断装置1を途中に介装し
た推進軸SによりトランスファTの出力軸2と後部差動
装置Drの入力軸3とが相互に接続される。
A pair of front axles A connected to the left and right front wheels wr and wr, respectively
, Af are interconnected via a front differential Df. Also, a pair of rear axles Ar, Ar connected to the left and right rear wheels Wr, Wr, respectively, are interconnected via a rear differential Df. Further, the output shaft 2 of the transfer T and the input shaft 3 of the rear differential device Dr are connected to each other by a propulsion shaft S having a power transmission/blocking device 1 interposed therebetween.

推進軸Sは、トランスファTの出力軸2にジヨイントJ
lを介して接続される第1軸4と、後部差動装置Drの
入力軸3にジヨイントJ2を介して接続される第2軸5
と、これらの第1および第2軸4,5間にジヨイントJ
3.J4を介して接続される中間軸6とから構成される
。しかも中間軸6は、第1軸4側の前半軸6aと、第2
軸5例の後半軸6bとに分割されており、これら両手軸
5a、5b間を連結するように動力伝達、遮断装置1が
設けられる。
The propulsion shaft S has a joint J to the output shaft 2 of the transfer T.
A first shaft 4 is connected to the input shaft 3 of the rear differential device Dr through a joint J2.
and a joint J between these first and second axes 4 and 5.
3. and an intermediate shaft 6 connected via J4. Moreover, the intermediate shaft 6 is connected to the first half shaft 6a on the first shaft 4 side and the second half shaft 6a on the first shaft 4 side.
The shaft is divided into five shafts, including a rear shaft 6b, and a power transmission/blocking device 1 is provided to connect these two-handed shafts 5a, 5b.

第3図において、動力伝達、遮断装置1は、差動制限ク
ラッチ7と、切換クラッチ8とから構成され、ケーシン
グ9内に収納される。前半軸6aは、軸受10およびシ
ール部材11を介してケーシング9に回転自在に支承さ
れ、後半軸6bは、軸受12およびシール部材13を介
してケーシング9に回転自在に支承される。しかも両手
軸6a。
In FIG. 3, the power transmission and disconnection device 1 is comprised of a differential limiting clutch 7 and a switching clutch 8, and is housed in a casing 9. The first half shaft 6a is rotatably supported by the casing 9 via a bearing 10 and a seal member 11, and the second half shaft 6b is rotatably supported by the casing 9 via a bearing 12 and a seal member 13. Moreover, the two-handed shaft 6a.

6bは同一軸線を有してケーシング9内で対向配置され
る。
6b have the same axis and are arranged oppositely within the casing 9.

差動制限クラッチ7は、タラソチインナとしての後半軸
6bと、該後半軸6bに軸受14,15およびシール部
材16.17を介して回転自在に支承されるクラッチア
ウタ18とで画成される環状の密閉油室19内に、タラ
ッチアウタ1日にスプライン結合される複数の外側クラ
ッチ仮20と、後半軸6bにスプライン結合される複数
の内側クラッチ板21とを相互に重合配置して構成され
る。
The differential limiting clutch 7 has an annular shape defined by a rear half shaft 6b as a thalassochi inner, and a clutch outer 18 rotatably supported on the rear half shaft 6b via bearings 14, 15 and seal members 16, 17. In the sealed oil chamber 19, a plurality of outer clutch temporary plates 20 spline-coupled to the taratch outer 1 and a plurality of inner clutch plates 21 spline-coupled to the rear shaft 6b are arranged in an overlapping manner with each other.

クラッチアウタ18は、後半軸6bを同心に囲繞する円
筒体22の両端を端板23.24で閉塞して成り、端板
23および後半軸6b間に軸受14およびシール部材1
6が介装され、端板24および後半軸6b間に軸受15
およびシール部材17が介装される。各内側クラッチ板
21間には、外側クラッチ板20の内方側に位置して内
側クラッチ板21間の間隔を規定するガイドリング25
が介在せしめられる。また密閉油室19には高粘性油と
その油の膨張を許容するための少量の空気とが封入され
るが、その油の充填のために端板23には充填口26が
設けられ、この充填口26はねじ栓27で閉鎖される。
The clutch outer 18 is formed by closing both ends of a cylindrical body 22 concentrically surrounding the rear shaft 6b with end plates 23 and 24, and the bearing 14 and the seal member 1 are placed between the end plate 23 and the rear shaft 6b.
A bearing 15 is interposed between the end plate 24 and the rear shaft 6b.
and a seal member 17 is interposed. Between each inner clutch plate 21, a guide ring 25 is located on the inner side of the outer clutch plate 20 and defines the interval between the inner clutch plates 21.
is forced to intervene. The sealed oil chamber 19 is filled with highly viscous oil and a small amount of air to allow the oil to expand.A filling port 26 is provided in the end plate 23 to fill the oil. The filling port 26 is closed with a screw plug 27.

第4図Fa+において、外側クラッチ板20には、クラ
ッチアウタ18のスプライン28に係合する多数の歯2
9と、油を流通させる多数の油孔30とが設けられる。
In FIG. 4 Fa+, the outer clutch plate 20 has a large number of teeth 2 that engage with the splines 28 of the clutch outer 18.
9 and a large number of oil holes 30 through which oil flows.

また第4図(b)において、内側クラッチ板219こは
、後半軸6bのスプライン31に係合する多数の歯32
と、油を流通させる多数の油溝33とが設けられる。
Further, in FIG. 4(b), the inner clutch plate 219 has a large number of teeth 32 that engage with the splines 31 of the rear shaft 6b.
and a large number of oil grooves 33 for circulating oil.

かかる差動制限クラッチ7では、クラッチアウタ18お
よび後半軸6b間に相対回転が生じると、外側クラッチ
板20および内側クラッチ板21は、それらの間に介在
する高粘性油を剪断しながら相対的に回転する。
In such a differential limiting clutch 7, when relative rotation occurs between the clutch outer 18 and the rear half shaft 6b, the outer clutch plate 20 and the inner clutch plate 21 rotate relatively while shearing the high viscosity oil interposed between them. Rotate.

このとき、各クラッチ板20.21の油孔30および油
溝33は油を保持し、その油の効果的な剪断に寄与する
。そして油温が比較的低い状態では、クラッチアウタ1
8および後半軸6b間の伝達トルクは、油の剪断トルク
により決定される。
At this time, the oil holes 30 and oil grooves 33 of each clutch plate 20.21 retain oil and contribute to effective shearing of the oil. When the oil temperature is relatively low, clutch outer 1
8 and the rear shaft 6b is determined by the shear torque of the oil.

クラッチアウタ18および後半軸6b間の回転速度差が
上昇すると、油は両クラッチ板20.21から受ける剪
断工ぶルギにより昇温していき、当初はその油温上界に
伴う粘性の低下により伝達トルクが減少する。ところが
相対回転速度が所定値を超えると、/FJJ温の急上昇
により各クラッチ板20.21に複雑な温度勾配を生じ
、これに起因する歪みと、油温の急上昇による密閉油室
19内の圧力上昇との相乗作用により、相互に隣接した
両りラッチFi20.21間に摩擦係合部分または隙間
が極めて小さい部分ができ、その結果、クラッチアウタ
18および後半軸6b間は実質的にカップリング状態と
なってクラッチアウタ18および後半軸6bの相対回転
を制御するようになる。
When the rotational speed difference between the clutch outer 18 and the rear shaft 6b increases, the temperature of the oil increases due to the shearing force exerted by both clutch plates 20 and 21, and initially due to a decrease in viscosity as the oil temperature rises, Transmitted torque decreases. However, when the relative rotational speed exceeds a predetermined value, a complicated temperature gradient occurs in each clutch plate 20, 21 due to a sudden rise in /FJJ temperature, resulting in distortion and pressure inside the sealed oil chamber 19 due to a sudden rise in oil temperature. Due to the synergistic effect with the rise, a frictional engagement part or a part with an extremely small gap is created between the two adjacent latches Fi20 and 21, and as a result, the clutch outer 18 and the rear shaft 6b are substantially in a coupling state. Thus, the relative rotation of the clutch outer 18 and the rear half shaft 6b is controlled.

切換クラッチ8は、前半軸6aにセレーション結合され
るクラッチインナ35と、差動制限クラッチ7のクラッ
チアウタ18に一体に設けられるクラッチアウタ36と
、クラッチインナ35にスプライン結合される複数のク
ラッチ板37と、それらのクラッチ板37間に重合して
クラッチアウタ18にスプライン結合される複数のクラ
ッチ板38と、各クラッチ板37.38の作動を司る作
動ピストン39とを有して、前半軸6aと同心に配置さ
れる。
The switching clutch 8 includes a clutch inner 35 connected to the front half shaft 6a through serrations, a clutch outer 36 integrally provided to the clutch outer 18 of the differential limiting clutch 7, and a plurality of clutch plates 37 connected to the clutch inner 35 by splines. , a plurality of clutch plates 38 that overlap between the clutch plates 37 and are spline-coupled to the clutch outer 18, and an actuating piston 39 that controls the operation of each clutch plate 37,38. arranged concentrically.

クラッチアウタ36は、差動制限クラッチ7の端板24
に一体に連設されており、前半軸6aを同心に囲繞する
筒状に形成される。このクラッチアウタ36と前半軸6
aの端部との間には軸受40が介装され、クラッチアウ
タ36とケーシング9との間には軸受41が介装される
。クラッチインナ35は、クラッチアウタ36の内面に
対向して前半軸6aを同心に囲繞する円筒部35E+を
有しており、この円筒部35aの外面にクラッチ板37
がスプライン結合される。しかも差動制限クラッチ7と
は反対側で円筒部35aの端部には半径方向外方に張出
した受は仮42が固設されており、差動制限クラッチ7
側で軸方向の移動を可能として配設された押圧機43と
受は坂42との間に両クラッチ板37.38が重合配置
される。
The clutch outer 36 is connected to the end plate 24 of the differential limiting clutch 7.
It is formed into a cylindrical shape concentrically surrounding the front half shaft 6a. This clutch outer 36 and the front half shaft 6
A bearing 40 is interposed between the clutch outer 36 and the casing 9, and a bearing 41 is interposed between the clutch outer 36 and the casing 9. The clutch inner 35 has a cylindrical portion 35E+ that faces the inner surface of the clutch outer 36 and concentrically surrounds the front half shaft 6a, and a clutch plate 37 is attached to the outer surface of this cylindrical portion 35a.
are connected by splines. Furthermore, a temporary receiver 42 is fixed to the end of the cylindrical portion 35a on the opposite side from the differential limiting clutch 7, and extends outward in the radial direction.
Both clutch plates 37, 38 are arranged overlappingly between a pusher 43 and a receiver slope 42, which are arranged so as to be able to move in the axial direction.

クラッチインナ35の内方側で前半軸6aにはリフタ4
4が摺合されており、このリフタ44と押圧板43°と
は、前半軸6aの軸方向に移動可能にしてクラッチイン
ナ35を貫通する複数の連結ロッド45で相互に連結さ
れる。しかも各連結ロッド45を囲繞するコイル状のク
ラッチばね46がリフタ44およびクラッチインナ35
間に介装されており、このクラッチばね46は、リフタ
44をクラッチインナ35から離反させる方向、すなわ
ち押圧板43を受は仮42に近接させる方向に弾発付勢
する。
A lifter 4 is attached to the front half shaft 6a on the inner side of the clutch inner 35.
The lifter 44 and the press plate 43° are connected to each other by a plurality of connecting rods 45 that are movable in the axial direction of the front half shaft 6a and pass through the clutch inner 35. Moreover, a coiled clutch spring 46 surrounding each connecting rod 45 is connected to the lifter 44 and the clutch inner 35.
The clutch spring 46 is interposed between the clutch spring 46 and the clutch spring 46 to bias the lifter 44 away from the clutch inner 35, that is, to move the press plate 43 closer to the retainer 42.

ケーシング9の前端側すなわち第1軸4側の部分に、作
動ピストン39が摺合される。この作動ピストン39は
、大径部39aと小径部39bとが段部39Cを介して
同軸に連なってなる中空円筒状に形成されており、前半
軸6aを同心に囲繞する。しかもケーシング9の前端側
部分は作動ピストン39の外面形状に対応して形成され
ており、大径部39aに対応する部分には大径部39a
の外面に摺接するシール部材47が配設され、小径部3
9bに対応する部分には小径部39bの外面に摺接する
シール部材48が配設される。
An actuating piston 39 is slidably engaged with a portion of the casing 9 on the front end side, that is, on the first shaft 4 side. The actuating piston 39 is formed into a hollow cylindrical shape in which a large diameter portion 39a and a small diameter portion 39b are coaxially connected via a stepped portion 39C, and concentrically surrounds the front half shaft 6a. Moreover, the front end side portion of the casing 9 is formed to correspond to the outer surface shape of the actuating piston 39, and the portion corresponding to the large diameter portion 39a is provided with a large diameter portion 39a.
A sealing member 47 is disposed in sliding contact with the outer surface of the small diameter portion 3.
A sealing member 48 that slides into contact with the outer surface of the small diameter portion 39b is disposed at a portion corresponding to 9b.

段部39cに対応する部分で、作動ピストン39および
ケーシング9間には、シール部材47゜48でシールさ
れた油圧室49が画成される。また作動ピストン39の
端部および前半軸6a間には、前半軸6aに沿って摺動
可能なレリーズベアリング50が介装されており、この
ベアリング50の内輪50aかりフタ44に当接可能で
ある。
A hydraulic chamber 49 is defined between the actuating piston 39 and the casing 9 at a portion corresponding to the stepped portion 39c and is sealed by seal members 47 and 48. Further, a release bearing 50 that is slidable along the front half shaft 6a is interposed between the end of the operating piston 39 and the front half shaft 6a, and the inner ring 50a of this bearing 50 can come into contact with the lid 44. .

さらに、作動ピストン39における大径部39aの外面
には軸方向に延びるキー?A51が穿設されており、ケ
ーシング9に結合されたキー52が該キー溝51に係合
される。したがって作動ピストン39は前半軸6aの軸
線まわりの回転動作を阻止されている。
Furthermore, a key extending in the axial direction is provided on the outer surface of the large diameter portion 39a of the actuating piston 39. A51 is bored, and a key 52 coupled to the casing 9 is engaged with the keyway 51. Therefore, the operating piston 39 is prevented from rotating about the axis of the front half shaft 6a.

ケーシング9には、油圧室49に連なる油圧ボート53
が穿設されており、この油圧ポート53には制御回路5
4を途中に備える油路55を介して油圧供給源56が接
続される。制御回路54は、各車輪Wf、Wf ;Wr
、Wrの1つたとえば前輪wr、wrのいずれか一方が
ロックしそうになったときに、油圧供給/TA56から
の油圧を油圧室49に供給し、通常は油圧室49の油圧
を解放するように構成される。
The casing 9 includes a hydraulic boat 53 connected to the hydraulic chamber 49.
A control circuit 5 is provided in this hydraulic port 53.
A hydraulic pressure supply source 56 is connected via an oil passage 55 having a hydraulic line 55 disposed in the middle thereof. The control circuit 54 controls each wheel Wf, Wf;Wr
, Wr, for example, when one of the front wheels WR, WR is about to lock, the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic supply/TA 56 is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 49, and normally the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 49 is released. configured.

かかる切換クラッチ8では油圧室49に油圧が作用した
ときに作動ピストン39が差動制限クラッチ7側に移動
して押圧板43が受は板42がら離反作動し、前半軸6
aおよびクラッチアウタ36間が遮断される。また油圧
室49の油圧が解放された通常の運転時には、クラッチ
ばね46の働きにより押圧板43が受は板42側に押圧
駆動され、前半軸6aおよびクラッチアウタ36間が連
結状態となる。
In such a switching clutch 8, when hydraulic pressure is applied to the hydraulic chamber 49, the actuating piston 39 moves toward the differential limiting clutch 7, the pressing plate 43 is operated to separate from the receiving plate 42, and the front half shaft 6
a and the clutch outer 36 are cut off. Further, during normal operation when the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 49 is released, the clutch spring 46 acts to push the pressing plate 43 toward the plate 42, and the front half shaft 6a and the clutch outer 36 are connected.

再び第2図を併せて参照して、中間軸6は、車体Bの床
板Baにその縦軸線に沿って車室側へ四人形成されたト
ンネル状の補強リブ57内に配置され、動力伝達、遮断
装置1を収容したケーシング9も補強リブ57内に配置
される。しかもケーシング9の前後両端には、支持腕部
58.59が一体に設けられており、これらの支持腕部
58゜59がゴムマウント60.61を介して床板Ba
に支持される。
Referring again to FIG. 2, the intermediate shaft 6 is disposed within a tunnel-shaped reinforcing rib 57 formed on the floor plate Ba of the vehicle body B along its longitudinal axis toward the passenger compartment, and is used for power transmission. , the casing 9 containing the shutoff device 1 is also arranged within the reinforcing ribs 57 . Furthermore, support arms 58 and 59 are integrally provided at both the front and rear ends of the casing 9, and these support arms 58 and 59 are attached to the floor plate Ba through rubber mounts 60 and 61.
Supported by

次にこの実施例の作用について説明すると、車両を走行
させるべくエンジンEを作ikさせると、その動力は変
速JaMを経て前部差動装置DrおよびトランスファT
に伝達される。そして前部差動装置Drに伝達された動
力は、左右の前車軸Af。
Next, to explain the operation of this embodiment, when the engine E is ignited to make the vehicle run, the power is transferred to the front differential Dr and the transfer T through the gear change JaM.
transmitted to. The power transmitted to the front differential device Dr is transmitted to the left and right front axles Af.

Afを経て前輪wr、wrに伝達され、両前輪Wr、w
rが駆動される。
It is transmitted to the front wheels wr, wr via Af, and both front wheels Wr, w
r is driven.

一方、通常の運転状態では油圧室49の油圧が解放され
ており、切換クラッチ8は動力伝達状態にあるので、ト
ランスファTに伝達された動力は、推進軸Sおよび差動
制限クラッチ7を介して後部差動装置Drを駆動しよう
とする。
On the other hand, in normal operating conditions, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 49 is released and the switching clutch 8 is in the power transmission state, so the power transmitted to the transfer T is transmitted via the propulsion shaft S and the differential limiting clutch 7. Trying to drive the rear differential Dr.

ところで、路面状態が良好であり、駆動輪たる鍬 前輪Wf、Wfの路面との滑りが極めて少ない場合には
、前輪wr、wrと後輪Wr、Wrとの回転速度差、し
たがって中間軸6の前半軸6aに直結されたクラッチア
ウタ18および後半軸6b間の相対回転速度が小さいの
で、差動制限クラッチ7の伝達トルクが小さい。このた
め、前半軸6aすなわちクラッチアウタ18は後半軸6
bを駆動するには至らず、両クラッチ板20.21相互
の滑りにより、両手軸5a、5bの相対回転が許容され
る。したがって車両の旋回時に、前輪Wf。
By the way, when the road surface condition is good and there is very little slippage of the front wheels Wf, Wf of the hoe, which are the drive wheels, with the road surface, the difference in rotational speed between the front wheels wr, wr and the rear wheels Wr, Wr, and therefore the rotation speed of the intermediate shaft 6. Since the relative rotational speed between the clutch outer 18 directly connected to the first half shaft 6a and the second half shaft 6b is small, the transmission torque of the differential limiting clutch 7 is small. Therefore, the front half shaft 6a, that is, the clutch outer 18 is
b is not driven, but relative rotation of the two-handed shafts 5a and 5b is allowed due to the mutual sliding of both clutch plates 20 and 21. Therefore, when the vehicle turns, the front wheels Wf.

Wfと後輪Wr、Wrとで旋回半径が大きく異なる場合
でも、差動制限クラッチ7に滑りを生じさせることによ
り、各車輪Wf、WE ;Wr、Wrの路面との滑りを
防止しつつ、車両のスムーズな旋回を可能にする。
Even if the turning radii of Wf and the rear wheels Wr, Wr are significantly different, by causing the differential limiting clutch 7 to slip, the vehicle can be prevented from slipping on the road surface of each wheel Wf, WE; Wr, Wr. enables smooth turning.

ところが、路面状態が、たとえば泥地、砂地、雪上環の
ように悪く、前輪wr、wrが路面に対して激しく滑る
ようになると、前輪wr、wrと後輪Wr、Wrとの回
転速度差、したがって両生軸5a、5b間の相対回転速
度が急増し、それが所定値を超えると、差動制限クラッ
チ7は自動的にカップリング状態となり、その伝達トル
クを急増させる。これによりトランスファTまで伝達さ
れた動力が、さらに推進軸Sおよび差動制限クラッチ7
を介して後部差動装置Drへと伝達され、さらに左右の
後車軸Ar、Arを経て左右の後輪Wr、Wrへと伝達
され、後輪Wr、Wrが駆動されるようになる。したが
って、前輪W(、Wrと後輪Wr、Wrとがほぼ剛性的
に接続された状態となり、悪条件の路面を走破すること
ができる。
However, when the road surface condition is poor, such as muddy, sandy, or snowy ground, and the front wheels wr, wr start to slip violently on the road surface, the difference in rotational speed between the front wheels wr, wr and the rear wheels Wr, Wr, Therefore, when the relative rotational speed between the dual shafts 5a and 5b increases rapidly and exceeds a predetermined value, the differential limiting clutch 7 automatically enters the coupling state and the transmitted torque increases rapidly. As a result, the power transmitted to the transfer T is further transferred to the propulsion shaft S and the differential limiting clutch 7.
The signal is transmitted to the rear differential device Dr via the left and right rear axles Ar, and further transmitted to the left and right rear wheels Wr, Wr via the left and right rear axles Ar, so that the rear wheels Wr, Wr are driven. Therefore, the front wheel W(, Wr) and the rear wheels Wr, Wr are almost rigidly connected, and the vehicle can travel on a road surface with poor conditions.

このように前輪wr、wrおよび後輪Wr、Wrがほぼ
剛性的に接続された状態で、急制動を行なって前輪Wf
、Wfの一方がロックした場合を想定する。この場合、
一方の前車軸Afが停止しているのに他方の前車軸Af
は回転しているので、第1軸4の回転数は一方の前車軸
Afが停止する前の半分に低下する。しかるに後輪Wr
、Wrはロックされていないので、後輪Wr、Wrが車
両速度と同一速度で回転しようとする。すなわち第2軸
5は第1軸4の2倍の速度で回転しようとする。しかし
第1軸4および第2軸5はほぼ剛性的に接続されている
ので、第2軸5は制動力の強い前輪wr、wr側の回転
数に対応した回転速度となる。これは、後輪Wr、Wr
の回転数が車両速度の2となることを意味しており、後
輪Wr、Wrが路面に対してスリップすることになり、
後輪Wr、Wrがロック状態となるものである・ところ
が、前輪wr、wrの一方がロックしそうになると、切
換クラッチ8の油圧室49に油圧が作用し、切換クラッ
チ8は遮断状態となる。したがって、前輪wr、wrと
後輪Wr、Wrとのほぼ剛性的な接続状態が解除され、
後輪Wr、Wrがロック状態になることが回′避される
With the front wheels wr, wr and the rear wheels Wr, Wr connected almost rigidly in this way, sudden braking is performed to reduce the front wheel Wf.
, Wf is locked. in this case,
Even though one front axle Af is stopped, the other front axle Af
is rotating, the rotational speed of the first axle 4 is reduced to half of what it was before the one front axle Af stopped. However, the rear wheel
, Wr are not locked, so the rear wheels Wr, Wr try to rotate at the same speed as the vehicle speed. That is, the second shaft 5 attempts to rotate at twice the speed of the first shaft 4. However, since the first shaft 4 and the second shaft 5 are connected almost rigidly, the second shaft 5 has a rotational speed corresponding to the rotational speed of the front wheels wr, wr, which have a stronger braking force. This is the rear wheel Wr, Wr
This means that the number of revolutions is 2 times the vehicle speed, and the rear wheels Wr and Wr will slip on the road surface.
The rear wheels Wr, Wr are in a locked state. However, when one of the front wheels wr, wr is about to lock, hydraulic pressure acts on the hydraulic chamber 49 of the switching clutch 8, and the switching clutch 8 becomes in a disconnected state. Therefore, the almost rigid connection state between the front wheels wr, wr and the rear wheels Wr, Wr is released,
This prevents the rear wheels Wr, Wr from becoming locked.

次に車両の走行中、負荷変動によりパワーユニットPが
振動したり、路面の凹凸により後輪W r 。
Next, while the vehicle is running, the power unit P may vibrate due to load fluctuations, or the rear wheels W r may vibrate due to unevenness of the road surface.

W、 rが上下動したりする場合を想定する。この場合
、推進軸Sでは第1軸4および第2軸5がジヨイントJ
3.J4まわりに揺動するだけで、差動制限クラッチ7
および切換クラッチ8から構成された比較的大重量の動
力伝達、遮断装置1は車体Bの床板Baに支持されてい
る。したがって推進軸Sの揺動重量を最小限にし、その
揺動による振動の発生を小さく抑えることができる。
Assume that W and r move up and down. In this case, in the propulsion shaft S, the first shaft 4 and the second shaft 5 are connected to the joint J.
3. Just by swinging around J4, the differential limiting clutch 7
A relatively heavy power transmission/cutoff device 1, which is composed of a switching clutch 8 and a switching clutch 8, is supported by a floor plate Ba of a vehicle body B. Therefore, the swinging weight of the propulsion shaft S can be minimized, and the generation of vibrations due to the swinging can be suppressed to a small level.

また、動力伝達、遮断装置1は、車体Bの床板Baに支
持されたトンネル状の補強リブ57に収納配置されるの
で、動力伝達、遮断装置1すなわ′ち差動制限クラッチ
7および切換フランチ8の地上高を最大に高めることが
できる。しかも差動制限クラッチ7および切換クラッチ
8は、補強リブ57を通過する走行風により効果的に冷
却されるので、内部の摩擦熱による過熱を防止すること
ができる。その上、上記摩擦熱は、ジヨイントJ3゜J
4および第1.第2軸4.5に遮られるので、トランス
ファTや後部差動装置Drへの熱影響を抑えることがで
きる。
Further, the power transmission and cutoff device 1 is housed in a tunnel-shaped reinforcing rib 57 supported on the floor plate Ba of the vehicle body B, so that the power transmission and cutoff device 1, that is, the differential limiting clutch 7 and the switching flange 8's ground clearance can be maximized. Moreover, the differential limiting clutch 7 and the switching clutch 8 are effectively cooled by the running wind passing through the reinforcing ribs 57, so that overheating due to internal frictional heat can be prevented. Moreover, the above frictional heat is generated at the joint J3゜J
4 and 1st. Since it is blocked by the second shaft 4.5, the influence of heat on the transfer T and rear differential gear Dr can be suppressed.

さらに、切換クラッチ8は、推進軸Sを構成する前半軸
6aと同心に配置されるので推進軸Sの途中にコンパク
トにまとめて配設することが可能となる。しかも作動ピ
ストン39は前半軸6aを囲繞する中空状であって固定
のケーシング9との間に油圧室49を画成して該ケーシ
ング9に摺合されるので、シール構造が簡単であり、油
圧室49への油圧供給経路も単純となる。
Furthermore, since the switching clutch 8 is arranged concentrically with the front half shaft 6a constituting the propulsion shaft S, it is possible to dispose the switching clutch 8 in a compact manner in the middle of the propulsion shaft S. Moreover, the actuating piston 39 is hollow and surrounds the front half shaft 6a, and defines a hydraulic chamber 49 between it and the fixed casing 9, and is slid onto the casing 9. Therefore, the sealing structure is simple, and the hydraulic chamber 49 is slidably connected to the casing 9. The hydraulic pressure supply route to 49 is also simple.

動力伝達、遮断装置lを構成する差動制限クラッチ7お
よび切換クラッチ8は直列に接続した状態でケーシング
9内に共通に収容されるので、分離して配置したものに
比べると、コンパクトにまとめることができ、駆動装置
全体の小型化に寄与することができる。
Since the differential limiting clutch 7 and the switching clutch 8 that constitute the power transmission and cutoff device 1 are connected in series and commonly housed in the casing 9, they can be assembled more compactly than if they were arranged separately. This can contribute to miniaturization of the entire drive device.

C8発明の効果 以上のように本発明によれば、パワーユニットと他方の
車輪とを接続する推進軸は、パワーユニットに連なる第
1軸と、他方の車輪に連なる第2軸と、第1および第2
軸IL”にジヨイントを介して接続される中間軸とから
成り、切換クラッチは中間軸に介装されるとともに車体
の床板に支持されるので、切換クラッチの地上高を充分
に高めて路面上の突起物との干渉を避けることができる
とともに、切換クラッチで発生した摩擦熱がジヨイント
を有する推進軸全体で遮られ、推進軸の駆動側および被
動側への熱影響を抑え潤滑油の劣化を防止することがで
きる。しかも切換クラッチは推進軸の揺動重量を増加さ
せないので、推進軸の揺動抵抗を小さくし、その揺動に
伴う振動の発生を極力防止することができる。
C8 Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the propulsion shaft connecting the power unit and the other wheel has a first shaft connected to the power unit, a second shaft connected to the other wheel, and a first shaft connected to the other wheel.
The switching clutch consists of an intermediate shaft connected to the shaft "IL" via a joint, and the switching clutch is installed on the intermediate shaft and supported by the floorboard of the vehicle body, so the switching clutch has a sufficiently high ground clearance and can be easily positioned above the road surface. In addition to avoiding interference with protrusions, the frictional heat generated by the switching clutch is blocked by the entire propulsion shaft with a joint, suppressing the thermal effect on the drive and driven sides of the propulsion shaft and preventing deterioration of the lubricating oil. Moreover, since the switching clutch does not increase the rocking weight of the propulsion shaft, it is possible to reduce the rocking resistance of the propulsion shaft and prevent the generation of vibrations caused by the rocking as much as possible.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は本発明の一実施例を示すもので、第1図は自動車
の駆動装置の一部を縦断した平面図、第2図はその側面
図、第3図は上記駆動装置における動力伝達、遮断装置
の拡大縦断面図、第4図は差動制限クラッチにおける外
側および内側クラッチ板の平面図である。 4・・・第1軸、5・・・第2軸、6・・・中間軸、8
・・・切換クラ、チ、 B・・・車体、Ba・・・床板、J3.J4・・・ジヨ
イント、P・・・パワーユニット、S・・・推進軸、w
f・・・前輪、Wr・・・後輪
The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal plan view of a part of the drive system of an automobile, Fig. 2 is a side view thereof, and Fig. 3 shows power transmission and interruption in the drive system. FIG. 4, an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the device, is a plan view of the outer and inner clutch plates of the differential limiting clutch. 4...First axis, 5...Second axis, 6...Intermediate axis, 8
...Switching rack, Chi, B...Vehicle body, Ba...Floor plate, J3. J4...joint, P...power unit, S...propulsion shaft, w
f...Front wheel, Wr...Rear wheel

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 前後いずれか一方の車輪には、それを常時駆動すべくパ
ワーユニットが接続され、前記一方の車輪と剛性的に接
続可能な前後いずれか他方の車輪と、前記パワーユニッ
トとの間には、動力の伝達、遮断を切換可能な切換クラ
ッチが介装されて成る四輪駆動車の駆動装置において、
パワーユニットと他方の車輪とを接続する推進軸は、パ
ワーユニットに連なる第1軸と、他方の車輪に連なる第
2軸と、第1および第2軸間にジョイントを介して接続
される中間軸とから成り、切換クラッチは中間軸に介装
されるとともに車体の床板に支持されることを特徴とす
る四輪駆動車の駆動装置。
A power unit is connected to either the front or rear wheel to constantly drive the wheel, and a power transmission mechanism is provided between the power unit and the other wheel, which can be rigidly connected to the one wheel. In a drive system for a four-wheel drive vehicle that is equipped with a switching clutch that can switch between disconnection and disconnection,
The propulsion shaft connecting the power unit and the other wheel includes a first shaft connected to the power unit, a second shaft connected to the other wheel, and an intermediate shaft connected between the first and second shafts via a joint. A drive system for a four-wheel drive vehicle, characterized in that the switching clutch is interposed on an intermediate shaft and supported on a floor plate of a vehicle body.
JP12776186A 1986-06-02 1986-06-02 Driving device for four-wheel driving vehicle Pending JPS62286835A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12776186A JPS62286835A (en) 1986-06-02 1986-06-02 Driving device for four-wheel driving vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12776186A JPS62286835A (en) 1986-06-02 1986-06-02 Driving device for four-wheel driving vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62286835A true JPS62286835A (en) 1987-12-12

Family

ID=14968035

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12776186A Pending JPS62286835A (en) 1986-06-02 1986-06-02 Driving device for four-wheel driving vehicle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62286835A (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60191826A (en) * 1984-03-14 1985-09-30 Suzuki Motor Co Ltd Four-wheel-drive car

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60191826A (en) * 1984-03-14 1985-09-30 Suzuki Motor Co Ltd Four-wheel-drive car

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