JPS6226279B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6226279B2
JPS6226279B2 JP53121483A JP12148378A JPS6226279B2 JP S6226279 B2 JPS6226279 B2 JP S6226279B2 JP 53121483 A JP53121483 A JP 53121483A JP 12148378 A JP12148378 A JP 12148378A JP S6226279 B2 JPS6226279 B2 JP S6226279B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
synchronous machine
output
uel
signal
limiter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP53121483A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5550000A (en
Inventor
Toshinobu Yamamoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP12148378A priority Critical patent/JPS5550000A/en
Publication of JPS5550000A publication Critical patent/JPS5550000A/en
Publication of JPS6226279B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6226279B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、同期機の励磁装置に関するもので、
特に自動電圧調整運転中、電圧以外の諸量が許容
範囲を越えないように自動電圧調整器の動作に制
限を加える制限器の特性に関するものである。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an excitation device for a synchronous machine,
In particular, it relates to the characteristics of a limiter that limits the operation of an automatic voltage regulator so that various quantities other than voltage do not exceed allowable ranges during automatic voltage regulation operation.

第1図に代表的な同期機の励磁装置の構成を示
す。同期機1は励磁装置主回路2により励磁さ
れ、励磁装置主回路2の出力は、電圧変成器4
(以下PTと略称する)にて検出される同期機1の
端子電圧を一定に保持するよう自動電圧調整器3
(以下AVRと略称する。)の信号により制御され
る。不足励磁制限器6(以下UELと略称する)
は、従来よりよく具備される代表的な制限器で、
電流変成器5(以下CTと略称する)とPT4にて
検出される同期機1の電圧V、電流Iを入力とし
て同期機1の運転状態を検出し、設定した不足励
磁状態より更に不足励磁になるとAVR3に増磁
信号aを与え、同期機1の運転状態を設定した状
態まで引戻すように動作するものである。
Figure 1 shows the configuration of a typical excitation device for a synchronous machine. The synchronous machine 1 is excited by the exciter main circuit 2, and the output of the exciter main circuit 2 is sent to the voltage transformer 4.
Automatic voltage regulator 3 maintains the terminal voltage of synchronous machine 1 detected by PT (hereinafter abbreviated as PT) constant.
(hereinafter abbreviated as AVR). Underexcitation limiter 6 (hereinafter abbreviated as UEL)
is a typical restrictor that is more commonly equipped than before.
The operating state of the synchronous machine 1 is detected using the voltage V and current I of the synchronous machine 1 detected by the current transformer 5 (hereinafter abbreviated as CT) and PT4 as input, and it is further underexcited than the set underexcitation state. When this happens, a magnetization signal a is given to the AVR 3, which operates to return the operating state of the synchronous machine 1 to the set state.

次に、このように使用されるUEL6の従来の
代表的な原理と特性について説明する。第2図
は、従来の代表的なUEL6の内部構成を示すブ
ロツク図である。このUEL6では無効電流検出
器6a、有効電流検出器6b、電圧検出器6cで
同期機1の無効電流Iq、有効電流Ip、端子電圧et
を検出する。これら検出された信号はそれぞれ係
数設定器6d,6e,6fに入力され、それぞれ
K1、K2、K3倍された後、加算器6gで加算され
る。そしてここで加算された信号は増幅器6hで
増幅されUEL6の出力となる。但しK1、K2、K3
は正の係数であり、増幅器6hは片極性の増幅器
で入力が負の時だけ増幅作用があるものである。
従つて、増幅器6hは以下の条件をみたすとき出
力信号を出し、励磁が不足するのを制限する。
Next, typical conventional principles and characteristics of the UEL6 used in this way will be explained. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of a typical conventional UEL 6. In this UEL 6, the reactive current detector 6a, active current detector 6b, and voltage detector 6c detect the reactive current Iq of the synchronous machine 1, the active current Ip, the terminal voltage etc.
Detect. These detected signals are input to coefficient setters 6d, 6e, and 6f, respectively.
After being multiplied by K 1 , K 2 , and K by 3 , they are added by an adder 6g. The signals added here are amplified by an amplifier 6h and become the output of the UEL 6. However, K 1 , K 2 , K 3
is a positive coefficient, and the amplifier 6h is a unipolar amplifier that has an amplifying effect only when the input is negative.
Therefore, the amplifier 6h outputs an output signal when the following conditions are met, thereby limiting insufficient excitation.

K1Iq+K2Ip+K3et<0 ………(1) すなわち、(1)式が満足されたときUEL6の出
力すなわち制限信号が現われることになる。(1)式
を書き換えると、 K1Iq<−(K2Ip+K3et) Q/q〓<−(K/K・P/e〓+K
) 但しPは有効電力、Qは無効電力でありP=
IP・etQ=Iq・etである。
K 1 Iq+K 2 Ip+K 3 et<0 (1) That is, when equation (1) is satisfied, the output of the UEL 6, that is, the limit signal appears. Rewriting equation (1), K 1 Iq<-(K 2 Ip+K 3 et) Q/q〓<-(K 2 /K 1・P/e〓+K 3 /
K1 ) However, P is active power, Q is reactive power, and P=
IP・etQ=Iq・et.

即ち、このUEL6は第3図の特性曲線Aより
下方で信号を出す。この制限信号がAVR3に加
えられると、AVR3が同期機1の状態を特性曲
線Aより下方にもつて行こうとするのを制限す
る。
That is, this UEL 6 outputs a signal below the characteristic curve A in FIG. When this limiting signal is applied to AVR 3, it limits AVR 3 from moving the state of synchronous machine 1 below characteristic curve A.

ところで最近は、同期機1の単機容量の増大や
長距離送電等のため電力系統の動態安定度は低下
してきており、これを向上させるには励磁系の伝
達関数が非常に重要であり、同期機の有効電力や
同期機の回転子速度等を適切な信号処理した後、
補助信号としてAVR3に加え動態安定度を向上
させるように使用する系統安定化装置(以下PSS
と略称する)等が知られている。特に有効電力の
変化を信号として使用するPSSが有効で実用上の
効果が大きいことも知られている。しかるに前述
した従来のUEL6では、それが動作している時
には、UEL6から{Q/et2+(K/K・P/et2/K)}・G(S)なる制限信号がAVR3に加え
ら れることになる。但しG(S)は第2図の増幅器
6hの伝達関数である。このUEL6の出力信号
は明らかに同期機の有効電力Pや無効電力Qや電
圧etの関数になつており、UEL6の動作中はこ
れらの変動に応じてAVR3に加わる制限信号が
変化する。特に、有効電力Pの変化を信号とする
PSSは有効電力の動揺を抑制するように動作する
から、同期機の有効電力Pが増加した時、励磁を
下げる極性であるが、前記UEL6では有効電力
Pが増加すれば励磁を増加させる極性であり、こ
れは動態安定度に有効なPSSの極性と基本的に逆
向である。現実には、UEL6の増幅器6hの伝
達関数G(S)に大きな遅れをもたす等の工夫で
UEL6の動作中の動態安定度の低下を防いでい
るが、それではこのUEL6の動態安定度に対す
る逆効果を完全になくしてしまうことはできな
い。
By the way, recently, the dynamic stability of the power system has been decreasing due to the increase in the single machine capacity of synchronous machine 1 and long-distance power transmission, etc. To improve this, the transfer function of the excitation system is very important. After appropriate signal processing of the machine's active power and the rotor speed of the synchronous machine,
In addition to AVR3 as an auxiliary signal, a system stabilization device (PSS) is used to improve dynamic stability.
), etc. are known. It is also known that PSS, which uses changes in active power as a signal, is particularly effective and has great practical effects. However, in the conventional UEL 6 mentioned above, when it is operating, a limit signal of {Q/et 2 + (K 2 /K 1・P/et 2 K 3 /K 1 )}・G(S) is sent from the UEL 6. will be added to AVR3. However, G(S) is the transfer function of the amplifier 6h in FIG. The output signal of the UEL 6 is clearly a function of the active power P, reactive power Q, and voltage etc of the synchronous machine, and the limit signal applied to the AVR 3 changes according to these fluctuations while the UEL 6 is operating. In particular, the change in active power P is used as a signal.
Since the PSS operates to suppress fluctuations in the active power, when the active power P of the synchronous machine increases, the polarity is to lower the excitation, but in the UEL6, the polarity is to increase the excitation when the active power P increases. , which is basically opposite to the polarity of PSS that is effective for kinetic stability. In reality, this can be done by creating a large delay in the transfer function G(S) of amplifier 6h of UEL6.
Although this prevents the dynamic stability of the UEL 6 from decreasing during its operation, this adverse effect on the dynamic stability of the UEL 6 cannot be completely eliminated.

本発明の目的はこのような動態安定度に対する
悪影響をなくした制限器を提供するものである。
It is an object of the present invention to provide a restrictor that eliminates such negative effects on dynamic stability.

第4図に本発明を適用したUEL6の一実施例
を示す。同図に於て6a,6b,6c,6d,6
e,6f,6gは第2図で説明した従来のUEL
6と同じ働きをするものである。比較器6jは加
算器6gの出力Isが設定値L1以下の時動作し動
作時の出力は一定値e1である。また比較器6kは
加算器6gの出力Isが設定値L2以上の時動作し
動作時の出力は一定値−e2である。この場合L1
L2が成立するものとする。また比較器6j,6
kの不動作時の出力はいずれも零である。積分器
6lは入力が正の時(e1の時)その出力が励磁を
増加させる向きに増加し、負の入力(−e2の時)
でその出力を減少するが、逆向の信号は出力しな
い片極性の積分器である。この積分器6lの出力
がUEL6の出力としてAVR3に加えられる。
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of UEL6 to which the present invention is applied. In the same figure, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6
e, 6f, 6g are the conventional UEL explained in Fig. 2
It has the same function as 6. The comparator 6j operates when the output Is of the adder 6g is less than the set value L1 , and the output during operation is a constant value e1 . Further, the comparator 6k operates when the output Is of the adder 6g is greater than the set value L2 , and the output during operation is a constant value -e2 . In this case L 1 <
Assume that L 2 holds true. Also, comparators 6j, 6
The outputs of k when not operating are all zero. When the input of the integrator 6l is positive (when e 1 ), its output increases in the direction of increasing excitation, and when the input is negative (when -e 2 )
It is a unipolar integrator that reduces its output at , but does not output a signal in the opposite direction. The output of this integrator 6l is added to the AVR 3 as the output of the UEL 6.

このように構成するとQ/et2+(K/KP/et2
+ K/K)<L1即ちQ/et2<−(K/KP/et2
+K/K)+L1の 時、積分器6lの入力はe1となりその出力は励磁
上げ方向に一定速度で増加し、AVR3はこの信
号は受けて励磁を増加する。励磁が増加されて、
L1<Q/et2+(K/KP/et2+K/K)<L2
になると積分 器6lの入力は零となり、積分器6lはその出力
を一定に保持する。次にL2<Q/et2+(K/K
/ et2+K/K)となると積分器6lの入力は−e2
な りその出力は一定速度で減衰して行く。もしこの
途中でL1<Q/et2+(K/KP/et2+K/K
)<L2となる と再び積分器6lの入力は零となりその出力は一
定値に保持される。従つて、どのような状態にお
いても、UEL6からAVR3に与えられる制限信
号aは同期機の有効電力や無効電力や端子電力の
変動に従つて変動することなく一定速度で増減す
るか一定値を保持するかであり、前述したUEL
動作時の動態安定度に対する悪影響は除去でき
る。特にUEL6は動態安定度の悪くなる不足励
磁領域での運転を制限するために具備することが
多く、これが動作したことにより動態安定度を少
しでも悪くすることは非常に危険であり、そのた
めに同期機の運転範囲を更に狭めるようなUEL
6の設定をしなければならないこともあり、それ
をほぼ完全になくすることのできる本発明による
UEL6の効果は非常に大である。
With this configuration, Q/et 2 + (K 2 /K 1 P/et 2
+ K3 / K1 )< L1, that is, Q/ et2 <-( K2 / K1 P/ et2
+K 3 /K 1 )+L 1 , the input of the integrator 6l becomes e 1 and its output increases at a constant speed in the excitation increasing direction, and the AVR 3 receives this signal and increases the excitation. Excitation is increased,
L 1 <Q/et 2 + (K 2 /K 1 P/et 2 +K 3 /K 1 ) <L 2
Then, the input to the integrator 6l becomes zero, and the integrator 6l holds its output constant. Next, L 2 <Q/et 2 + (K 2 /K 1 P
/ et 2 +K 3 /K 1 ), the input of the integrator 6l becomes -e 2 and its output attenuates at a constant speed. If in the middle of this, L 1 <Q/et 2 + (K 2 /K 1 P/et 2 +K 3 /K 1
)< L2 , the input to the integrator 6l becomes zero again and its output is held at a constant value. Therefore, in any state, the limit signal a given from the UEL 6 to the AVR 3 increases or decreases at a constant speed or maintains a constant value without fluctuating according to fluctuations in the active power, reactive power, or terminal power of the synchronous machine. or the above-mentioned UEL
Negative effects on dynamic stability during operation can be eliminated. In particular, UEL6 is often equipped to restrict operation in the under-excitation region where dynamic stability deteriorates, and it is extremely dangerous to cause even the slightest deterioration of dynamic stability due to UEL6 operating, so UEL that further narrows the operating range of the machine
6 settings, but with the present invention, this can be almost completely eliminated.
The effect of UEL6 is very large.

以上特に本発明を使用した時の効果が大である
UELでの実施例について説明したが、その他の
制限器、例えば過電流制限器、過励磁制限器、電
圧周波数比制限器(一般にV/F制限あるいは
V/Hz制限と呼ばれている)等もそれが動作した
時に動態安定度に悪影響を及ぼすことがあり、こ
れらの制限装置に対しても本発明が適用できる。
The above-mentioned effects are especially great when using the present invention.
Although the example for UEL has been explained, other limiters such as overcurrent limiter, overexcitation limiter, voltage frequency ratio limiter (generally called V/F limit or V/Hz limit), etc. The present invention is also applicable to these limiting devices as they may have an adverse effect on dynamic stability when activated.

以下に本発明の一般化した実施方法を説明す
る。第5図は本発明を適用した一般的な制限器の
ブロツク図である。被制限量検出器Aの出力S1
比較器Bにより設定値laと比較しS1>laなら比較
器Bが動作し出力S2を出す。比較器Cは、S1と設
定値lbとを比較し、S1<lbなら動作し出力S3を出
す。但しla>lbで、S2は正の一定値、S3は負の一
定値であり、比較器B及びCの不動作時の出力は
零である。積分器DはS2及びS3を積分するもので
正の入力で、その出力S4が被制限量を制限するに
必要な向に出力を増加し、負入力でその出力を減
ずるが逆向の信号は出力しない片極性の積分器で
ある。
A generalized implementation method of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a general limiter to which the present invention is applied. The output S1 of the limited amount detector A is compared with the set value la by the comparator B, and if S1 >la, the comparator B operates and outputs the output S2 . Comparator C compares S 1 and set value lb, and if S 1 <lb, it operates and outputs output S 3 . However, when la>lb, S 2 is a constant positive value, S 3 is a constant negative value, and the outputs of comparators B and C when they are not operating are zero. Integrator D integrates S 2 and S 3 , and with a positive input, its output S 4 increases the output in the direction necessary to limit the restricted quantity, and with a negative input, it decreases the output, but in the opposite direction. It is a unipolar integrator that does not output a signal.

このように構成することで、被制限量S1がS1
laの時には積分器DがS1を制限する向に一定速度
で増加する信号をAVR3に送りS1を制限し、lb
<S1<laの時には積分器Dはその出力S4を一定に
保持し、S1<lbになれば積分器Dの出力S4は一定
速度で減少していきAVR3へ加えられる制限信
号が減少して行く。従つて被制限量の変動と直接
に対応しない速度で制限が行われ、被制限量を
AVR3に帰還することによつて発生する動態安
定度への影響が防止できる。尚第5図の例では、
制限器の出力変化速度は増方向、減方向において
それぞれ一定となるが、第6図に示すように比較
器の数を増加して積分器入力を変更することで複
数段階の速度で制限を行うこともできることは明
らかである。
With this configuration, the restricted amount S 1 becomes S 1 >
When la, integrator D sends a signal that increases at a constant speed in the direction of limiting S 1 to AVR 3, limiting S 1 , and lb
When <S 1 < la, integrator D holds its output S 4 constant, and when S 1 < lb, the output S 4 of integrator D decreases at a constant speed, and the limit signal applied to AVR 3 increases. It continues to decrease. Therefore, the restriction is performed at a speed that does not directly correspond to fluctuations in the restricted amount, and the restricted amount is
The influence on dynamic stability caused by returning to AVR3 can be prevented. In the example of Figure 5,
The rate of change in the output of the limiter is constant in both the increasing and decreasing directions, but as shown in Figure 6, by increasing the number of comparators and changing the integrator input, the rate can be limited in multiple stages. It is clear that this can also be done.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は代表的な同期機励磁装置の構成図、第
2図は代表的な従来のUELの内部構成図、第3
図はUELの動作領域を示す特性図、第4図は本
発明を適用したUELの一実施例の構成図、第5
図は本発明を適用した一般的な制限器のブロツク
図、第6図は本発明を適用した一般的な他の制限
器のブロツク図である。 1……同期機、2……励磁装置主回路、3……
自動電圧調整器(AVR)、4……電圧変成器
(PT)、5……電流変成器(CT)、6……不足励
磁制限器(UEL)、6a……無効電流検出器、6
b……有効電流検出器、6c……電圧検出器、6
d,6e,6f……係数設定器、6g……加算
器、6h……増幅器、6j,6k……比較器、6
l……積分器。
Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a typical synchronous machine excitation device, Figure 2 is an internal configuration diagram of a typical conventional UEL, and Figure 3 is a diagram of the internal configuration of a typical conventional UEL.
The figure is a characteristic diagram showing the operating range of the UEL, Figure 4 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the UEL to which the present invention is applied, and Figure 5 is a diagram showing the operating range of the UEL.
The figure is a block diagram of a general limiter to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram of another general limiter to which the present invention is applied. 1...Synchronous machine, 2...Exciter main circuit, 3...
Automatic voltage regulator (AVR), 4... Voltage transformer (PT), 5... Current transformer (CT), 6... Under excitation limiter (UEL), 6a... Reactive current detector, 6
b... Effective current detector, 6c... Voltage detector, 6
d, 6e, 6f...Coefficient setter, 6g...Adder, 6h...Amplifier, 6j, 6k...Comparator, 6
l...Integrator.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 同期機の出力電圧をあらかじめ設定した目標
値になるように調整する自動電圧調整器と、前記
出力電圧を前記目標値に調整する際に許容値を越
える場合のある諸量を前記許容値内に制限するた
めに前記諸量の関数で示される制限信号を前記自
動電圧調整器に与える制限器と、前記同期機の動
態安定度を向上させるための補助信号を前記自動
電圧調整器に与える系統安定化装置とを具備した
同期機の励磁装置において、前記制限器で得られ
た制限信号を前記諸量の微少変動に応動しない一
定速度又は複数の速度で変化させ、前記諸量が前
記許容値内に制限されるようにするとともに前記
系統安定化装置の補助信号の有効性を維持するよ
うにしたことを特徴とする同期機の励磁装置。
1. An automatic voltage regulator that adjusts the output voltage of a synchronous machine to a preset target value, and an automatic voltage regulator that adjusts the output voltage to the target value to ensure that various quantities that may exceed the tolerance are within the tolerance. a limiter that provides the automatic voltage regulator with a limiting signal represented by a function of the various quantities in order to limit the synchronous machine; and a system that provides the automatic voltage regulator with an auxiliary signal for improving the dynamic stability of the synchronous machine. In the excitation device for a synchronous machine equipped with a stabilizing device, the limit signal obtained by the limiter is varied at a constant speed or multiple speeds that do not respond to minute fluctuations in the various quantities, and the various quantities are adjusted to the allowable value. 1. An excitation device for a synchronous machine, characterized in that the excitation device is configured to maintain the effectiveness of the auxiliary signal of the system stabilizing device.
JP12148378A 1978-10-04 1978-10-04 Exciting device of synchronous machine Granted JPS5550000A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12148378A JPS5550000A (en) 1978-10-04 1978-10-04 Exciting device of synchronous machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12148378A JPS5550000A (en) 1978-10-04 1978-10-04 Exciting device of synchronous machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5550000A JPS5550000A (en) 1980-04-11
JPS6226279B2 true JPS6226279B2 (en) 1987-06-08

Family

ID=14812267

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12148378A Granted JPS5550000A (en) 1978-10-04 1978-10-04 Exciting device of synchronous machine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5550000A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59129200A (en) * 1983-01-14 1984-07-25 柴田 愛子 Solid patterning method by string tying
JPS59173365A (en) * 1983-03-18 1984-10-01 滝口 知代子 Production of decorative fabric
JPS60172629A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-09-06 シルバー精工株式会社 Automatic sealing machine
JPH0197999U (en) * 1988-07-27 1989-06-29

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5259807A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-05-17 Hitachi Ltd Excitation controller for synchronous motor

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5259807A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-05-17 Hitachi Ltd Excitation controller for synchronous motor

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JPS5550000A (en) 1980-04-11

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