JPS6225709A - Multiplexer-demultiplexer - Google Patents

Multiplexer-demultiplexer

Info

Publication number
JPS6225709A
JPS6225709A JP16512485A JP16512485A JPS6225709A JP S6225709 A JPS6225709 A JP S6225709A JP 16512485 A JP16512485 A JP 16512485A JP 16512485 A JP16512485 A JP 16512485A JP S6225709 A JPS6225709 A JP S6225709A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hologram
diffraction grating
wave
optical fiber
demultiplexer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP16512485A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Teizo Maeda
前田　禎造
Toshihiro Kubota
敏弘 久保田
Yukihiro Ishii
行弘 石井
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP16512485A priority Critical patent/JPS6225709A/en
Priority to DE8686305741T priority patent/DE3687869T2/en
Priority to EP86305741A priority patent/EP0213726B1/en
Priority to US06/889,890 priority patent/US4824193A/en
Publication of JPS6225709A publication Critical patent/JPS6225709A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/29308—Diffractive element having focusing properties, e.g. curved gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/2931—Diffractive element operating in reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a plane multiplexer.demultiplexer simple in optical system by making a hologram formed by interference of aspheric wave and spheric wave from the same face side a diffraction grating. CONSTITUTION:The center point of a transmission type diffraction grating 12 consisting of a hologram 11 is made to A', and tips of a group of input optical fibers 1 are placed at a position C' of conjugate regeneration of the same distance A'B'=Rc with Rr at an angle thetac, obtained by adding 180 to angle of to an optical axis Z. Multiplexed input optical signals (wavelength; l1, lambda2, lambda3...) entered from input optical fiber 13 are converged by a converging lens 15, transmit a transmission type diffraction grating 12, diffracted and branched and enter output optical fiber 14a, 14b, 14c, and go out. Thus, the plane multiplexer.demultiplexer simple in optical system can be obtained.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、光通信などにおいて、複数の異なる波長の光
を用いて、多重伝送を行うときに用いる光合波・分波器
に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer used in optical communications and the like to perform multiplex transmission using light of a plurality of different wavelengths.

従来の技術 従来、光合波・分波器に用いる回折格子は、平面波と平
面波の干渉によって作成したホログラムからなる平面直
線回折格子を用いたものと、機械的刻線法または、光学
的に作成した凹面回折格子を用いたものが、一般に知ら
れている。このうち、平面直線回折格子を用いたものは
、第１図に、その−例として、特許出願公開昭５４−４
１４７に示すように、入力光ファイバ１より入った多重
化された入射光（波長λ１．λ２．λ５・・・・・・）
は、コリメイションレンズによって平行光となり、回折
格子３によって、波長λ１．λ２．λ３・・・・・・に
応じて回折・分波され、集束レンズ４によって集束され
、出力光ファイバ５より出射する構造の光分波器や、第
２図に他の例として、特開昭５４−１７０４５号公報に
示すように、多重化された入射光（波長λ１．λ２．λ
３　・・・・・・）は、入力光ファイバ１より、屈折率
が、中心から周辺に向って、除々に減少している第１の
集束性光伝送体６に入り、蛇行しながら進行し、透過形
回折格子３によって、波長λ１．λ２．λ５・・・・・
・に応じて回折・分波され、第２の集束性光伝送体７に
よって、蛇行しながら集束し、出力光ファイバ５より分
波されて出射する構造の光分波器が知られているのみで
、いずれも、コリメインヨンレンズや集束レンズあるい
は集束性光伝送体のようなレンズ類似のものを必要とし
、その光学系は複雑である。また、凹面回折格子を用い
たものは機械的刻線法によるか、あるいは光学的な方法
では球面波と球面波の干渉によってホログラムラ作成す
るため、コリメイションレンズや集束レンズを特に必要
としないが、形状が凹面であるため、製作が困難であり
、高価になる欠点がある。Conventional technology Conventionally, diffraction gratings used in optical multiplexers and demultiplexers have been divided into two types: one uses a planar linear diffraction grating consisting of a hologram created by interference between plane waves, and the other uses a mechanical scoring method or an optically created diffraction grating. Those using a concave diffraction grating are generally known. Among these, the one using a plane linear diffraction grating is shown in Fig. 1 as an example.
As shown in 147, multiplexed incident light (wavelengths λ1, λ2, λ5...) entering from the input optical fiber 1
are turned into parallel lights by the collimation lens, and converted into wavelengths λ1 by the diffraction grating 3. λ2. An optical demultiplexer having a structure in which the light is diffracted and demultiplexed according to As shown in Japanese Patent No. 54-17045, multiplexed incident light (wavelength λ1.λ2.λ
3...) enters the first convergent light transmitter 6 whose refractive index gradually decreases from the center toward the periphery from the input optical fiber 1, and proceeds in a meandering manner. , wavelength λ1. λ2. λ5...
The only known optical demultiplexer is one in which the light is diffracted and demultiplexed in accordance with Both require something similar to a lens, such as a collimation lens, a converging lens, or a convergent light transmission body, and their optical systems are complex. In addition, those using concave diffraction gratings do not require collimation lenses or focusing lenses because they create holograms using a mechanical scoring method or optically by interference between spherical waves. , since it has a concave shape, it is difficult to manufacture and has the disadvantage of being expensive.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 従来の平面直線回折格子を用いだ光合波・分波器は、コ
リメイションレンズや集束レンズナトのレンズ類似品が
必要であるため、光学系が複雑であり、また凹面回折格
子を用いたものは、集束レンズなどを必要としないが、
形状が凹面であるため、製作が困難であり、いずれも高
価になる欠点があり、かつ、性能的にも多重度の高いも
のをつくることが困難であった。本発明は、この点を考
慮したもので、平面状の回折格子で、レンズなどが不要
であり、かつ多重度の高い光合波・分波器を提供するも
のである。Problems to be Solved by the Invention Conventional optical multiplexers and demultiplexers using planar linear diffraction gratings require collimation lenses and focusing lenses similar to nato lenses, resulting in complicated optical systems. Those using a diffraction grating do not require a focusing lens, etc.
Since they are concave in shape, they are difficult to manufacture, have the disadvantage of being expensive, and in terms of performance, it has been difficult to manufacture products with a high degree of multiplicity. The present invention takes this point into consideration and provides an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer that uses a planar diffraction grating, does not require lenses, and has a high degree of multiplicity.

問題点を解決するだめの手段 本発明は、上記問題点を解決するため、収差の補正に非
球面波を用い、非球面波と球面波の合成からなる波面と
球面波の干渉によるホログラムを回折格子に用いること
により、平面状回折格子で、レンズなどが不要で、光学
系が簡単であり、かつ性能的にも多重度の高い光合波・
分波器を提供するものである。Means to Solve the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses aspherical waves to correct aberrations, and diffracts a hologram due to the interference between a wavefront consisting of a combination of an aspherical wave and a spherical wave and a spherical wave. By using it as a grating, it is a planar diffraction grating that does not require lenses, has a simple optical system, and has high multiplicity in terms of performance.
It provides a duplexer.

作用 本発明は、多重化された波長λ１．λ２．λ５・・・・
・・からなる入射光が、１本の入力光ファイバから入射
し、上記した平面ホログラムからなる回折格子により、
回折・分波され、後、複数の出力光ファイバより出射す
る。あるいは、複数の入力光ファイバから別々（で入っ
た多重化された入射光が、上記した平面ホログラムから
なる回折格子により、回折・合波され、１本の出力光フ
ァイバより出射する。Operation The present invention provides multiplexed wavelengths λ1. λ2. λ5...
The incident light consisting of ... enters from one input optical fiber, and is reflected by the diffraction grating consisting of the above-mentioned plane hologram.
The light is diffracted and demultiplexed, and then emitted from multiple output optical fibers. Alternatively, multiplexed incident light that enters separately from a plurality of input optical fibers is diffracted and multiplexed by a diffraction grating made of the above-described plane hologram, and output from a single output optical fiber.

実施例 本発明に用いる回折格子の作成方法ならびに、その回折
格子を用いた光分波器の実施例を第３図〜第θ図に基づ
いて説明する。第３図は、光合波・分波器を構成する回
折格子となるホログラムを作成するだめの原理図を示す
ものである。本発明では、ホログラムは、平面状すなわ
ち平面回折格子で、収差の少いものをつくるため、非球
面波と球面波の干渉によって作成する。非球面波は、非
球面波単一のものでも良いが、非球面波に球面波を合成
したものでも、実質的に非球面波である。非球面波は、
レーザ光を、適当に設計された計算機ホログラム（Ｃｏ
ｍｐｕｔｅｒ　Ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｅｄ　Ｈｏｌｏｇｒａｍ
　。Embodiments A method for producing a diffraction grating used in the present invention and an embodiment of an optical demultiplexer using the diffraction grating will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to θ. FIG. 3 shows a principle diagram of how to create a hologram that becomes a diffraction grating that constitutes an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer. In the present invention, the hologram is a planar diffraction grating with little aberration, and is created by interference between an aspherical wave and a spherical wave. The aspherical wave may be a single aspherical wave, but even a combination of an aspherical wave and a spherical wave is essentially an aspherical wave. The aspherical wave is
The laser beam is transmitted through an appropriately designed computer-generated hologram (Co
mputer Generated Hologram
.

ＣＧＨ）を通すことにより、つくることができる。CGH).

計算機ホログラムは、電子ビームによる直接描画による
方法と、プロッタで描画した後、縮少してつくる光学的
な方法があるが、精変の高いものは、電子ビーム描画に
よる方法が良好である。ホログラムの作成は、レーザ光
を用い、非球面波からなる物体光または参照光と球面波
からなる物体光または参照光を、ホログラム感光材料層
の片面側から入射させ、ホログラム感光材料層を露光し
て、干渉縞からなるホログラムを作成する。物体光また
は参照光は、必要に応じて、発散光または収れん光とし
て用いる。第３図は、その−例として、ホログラム感光
材料層８に、垂直なＺ軸を光軸とすると、光軸上で、ホ
ログラム感光材料層８の中心点大よりＲｏの距離にある
点Ｏより発散する非球面物体光９は、光軸方向に、また
、ホログラム感光材料層８に対して、物体光と同一側で
、中心黒人よりＲｒの距離にある点Ｂより、物体光と同
一方向に発散する球面参照光１ｏは、光軸に対し、ｏｒ
の角度で、ホログラム感光材料層８に入射させて、露光
し、干渉縞からなるホログラム１１を作成したものであ
る。ホログラム１１は、回折格子として使用する場合、
このままでは、透過形回折格子になり、レーザ光からな
る再生光を透過する。反射形にするには、ホログラム面
に、金またはアルミニウムなどの反射膜を形成させる。Computer-generated holograms can be created by direct writing with an electron beam or by optical methods by drawing with a plotter and then shrinking the hologram, but for those with high precision, the method using electron beam writing is better. To create a hologram, a laser beam is used to expose the hologram photosensitive material layer by making an object beam or reference beam consisting of an aspherical wave and an object beam or reference beam consisting of a spherical wave incident from one side of the hologram photosensitive material layer. to create a hologram consisting of interference fringes. The object light or reference light is used as diverging light or converging light, as necessary. As an example, FIG. 3 shows a point O located on the optical axis at a distance of Ro from the center point of the hologram photosensitive material layer 8, assuming that the Z axis perpendicular to the hologram photosensitive material layer 8 is the optical axis. The diverging aspherical object beam 9 is directed in the same direction as the object beam from a point B located on the same side of the hologram photosensitive material layer 8 as the object beam and at a distance of Rr from the center black point in the optical axis direction. The diverging spherical reference beam 1o is or
The light is made incident on the hologram photosensitive material layer 8 at an angle of , and exposed, thereby creating a hologram 11 consisting of interference fringes. When the hologram 11 is used as a diffraction grating,
If left as is, it will become a transmission type diffraction grating and will transmit reproduction light consisting of laser light. To make it reflective, a reflective film made of gold or aluminum is formed on the hologram surface.

第４図または第５図は、第３図のホログラムの作成方法
と類似の構成に、透過形回折格子１２ｔたは反射形回折
格子１６．入力光ファイバ１３゜出力光ファイバ１４２
Ｌ、１４ｂ、１４Ｃ，１４ｄ。4 or 5 shows a transmission type diffraction grating 12t or a reflection type diffraction grating 16. Input optical fiber 13° Output optical fiber 142
L, 14b, 14C, 14d.

１４６からなる出力光ファイバ群１４を配置した光分波
器の実施例を示す図である。第４図の構成を、第３図と
対比しながら説明すると、ホログラム１１からなる透過
形回折格子１２の中点をＡ′とすると、光軸２軸に対し
、ｏｒの角度に１ａＯ加えた角度θＧで、Ｒｒと同じ距
離ム／　Ｂ／　＝　Ｒｃの共やく再生の位置Ｃ′に、入
力光ファイバの先端をおき、Ｚ軸上で、Ｒｏ　　と同じ
距離Ｒｉに相当する位置に、出力光ファイバ群１４の先
端をおいたものである。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an optical demultiplexer in which a group of output optical fibers 14 consisting of 146 is arranged. To explain the configuration of FIG. 4 in comparison with FIG. 3, if the midpoint of the transmission diffraction grating 12 made up of the hologram 11 is A', then the angle of 1aO plus the angle of or with respect to the two optical axes is At θG, the tip of the input optical fiber is placed at the reproduction position C', which is the same distance as Rr, and the output optical fiber is placed at the same distance Ri on the Z axis. This is where the tip of group 14 is placed.

入力光ファイバ１３よシ入射した多重化された入力光信
号（波長；λ１．λ２．λ５・・・・・）は、集束レン
ズ１６″′！？集束し、透過形回折格子１２を透過し、
回折・分波され、出力光ファイバ１４１Ｌ、１４ｂ。The multiplexed input optical signal (wavelength: λ1, λ2, λ5...) entering the input optical fiber 13 is focused by the focusing lens 16''!?, and transmitted through the transmission type diffraction grating 12.
The output optical fibers 141L and 14b are diffracted and demultiplexed.

１４Ｃ１・・・・・・に入り出射する。つぎに、第６図
の構成を、第３図と対比しながら説明すると、ホログラ
ム１１の面に、金の反射膜を形成させた反射形回折格子
１６を、Ｚ軸に対して垂直におき、また、Ｚ軸に対し、
ｏｒの角度に等しい角度θＣで、Ｒｒ　　と同じ距離Ｒ
ｃの位置に、入力光ファイバ１３の先端をおき、Ｚ軸上
で、ＲＯと同じ距離Ｒ１に相当する位置に、出力光ファ
イバ群１４の先端をおいたものである。入力光ファイバ
１３よシ入射した多重化された入力光信号（波長；λ４
．λ２．λ３・・・・・・）は、反射形回折格子１６で
反射し、回折・分波され、その波長に応じて、出力光フ
ァイバ１４２Ｌ、１４ｂ、１４０．・・・・・・に入り
出射する。14C1... and emitted. Next, to explain the configuration of FIG. 6 in comparison with FIG. 3, a reflective diffraction grating 16 on which a gold reflective film is formed is placed perpendicular to the Z axis on the surface of the hologram 11. Also, for the Z axis,
At an angle θC equal to the angle of or, a distance R equal to Rr
The tip of the input optical fiber 13 is placed at position c, and the tip of the output optical fiber group 14 is placed at a position corresponding to the same distance R1 as RO on the Z axis. The multiplexed input optical signal (wavelength; λ4) incident on the input optical fiber 13
．． λ2. λ3...) is reflected by the reflective diffraction grating 16, diffracted and demultiplexed, and is sent to output optical fibers 142L, 14b, 140 . It enters and exits.

第４図の構成は、次式に示す結像式より定める。The configuration shown in FIG. 4 is determined by the imaging equation shown below.

ｓｉｎθ１＝ｓｉｎθｃ−μ（Ｓｉｎθ０−　ｓｉｎθ
ｒ）・・・・・・・・・・・・　（２） ただし、　μ＝λＣ／λＯ Ｒ１；再生像点距離 Ｒｏ；再生光距離 Ｒｏ；物体光距離 Ｒｒ；参照光距離 λＣ；再生波長 λ。；記録波長 θｉ　；主光線に対する再生像光角 θＣ；主光線に対する再生光角 θ０　；主光線に対する物体光角 ｏｒ　；主光線に対する参照光角 光分波あるいは光合波の波長をｓｏｏｎｍ。sinθ1=sinθc−μ(Sinθ0− sinθ
r)・・・・・・・・・・・・ (2) However, μ=λC/λO R1; Reproduction image point distance Ro; Reproduction light distance Ro; Object light distance Rr; Reference light distance λC; Reproduction wavelength λ . ; Recording wavelength θi; Reproduction image optical angle θC with respect to the principal ray; Reproduction optical angle θ0 with respect to the principal ray; Object optical angle with respect to the principal ray or; Reference optical angle with respect to the principal ray; wavelength of optical demultiplexing or optical multiplexing soonm.

８２０　ｎｉｌ　、　８４０　ｎｍ　、　８６０２０１
１　　、８８Ｏｎ’ｍとし、光ファイバの外径を３００
μ、光ファイバのコア径を２００μとする。また、物体
光は、光軸方向に発散させるため、物体光角θｏ＝ｏで
あるから、λ。ｅｎｔｅｒ　（＝ａ４ｏｎｍ　）では、
結像点は、光軸上にあって、λ。。ｎｔａｒより波長間
隔２０ｎｍごとに、０．３ｆｌずつ＋Ｘ方向または−Ｘ
方向にずれるように、再生光角θＧあるいは参照光角Ｏ
ｒを決定する。820 nil, 840 nm, 860201
1, 88 On'm, and the outer diameter of the optical fiber is 300 mm.
μ, the core diameter of the optical fiber is 200μ. Furthermore, since the object light is diverged in the optical axis direction, the object light angle θo=o, so λ. In enter (=a4onm),
The imaging point is on the optical axis and is λ. . From ntar, for every 20 nm wavelength interval, 0.3 fl in the +X direction or -X direction.
The reproduction light angle θG or the reference light angle O
Determine r.

記録波長を、ムｒレーザとすると、６１４，５１ｍ。If the recording wavelength is a mu r laser, it is 614.51 m.

したがって、μ＝λｃｅｎｔｅｒ／’λ０＝８４０／６
１４．５＝１．６３物体光角θ。＝ｏ、再生像光角０１
＝１８０゜とすると、（２）式より、 ｓｉｎθ、　＝　−７ｓｉｎθ。Therefore, μ=λcenter/'λ0=840/6
14.5=1.63 object light angle θ. =o, reproduced image optical angle 01
= 180°, then from equation (2), sin θ, = −7 sin θ.

再生波長が、λ。。ｎｔａｒ＋Δλのときμ′＝（λ。The reproduction wavelength is λ. . When ntar+Δλ, μ′=(λ.

。ｎｔａｒ＋Δλ）／λ。. ntar+Δλ)/λ.

５ｉｎ０１’＝ｓｉｎ（θｉ＋Δθ１）　＝　ｓｉｎθ
。5in01'=sin(θi+Δθ1) = sinθ
.

−μ’（ｓｉｎθ。−８ｉｎθｒ）　　・・・・・・・
・・・・・　（３）したがって、 Δθｉが十分小さいとすると、ｓｉｎΔθ１＝Δθ１Ｘ
方向への変位ΔＸは、 したがって、波長が長くなるにつれ、結像点は、Ｘ軸の
正方向にずれる Ｒｉは、光７フイバの開口数（Ｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａ１人ｐ
ｅｒｔｕｒｅ　、　ＮＡ）とホログラムすなわち回折格
子の大きさによってきまる。-μ'(sinθ.-8inθr) ・・・・・・・・・
... (3) Therefore, if Δθi is sufficiently small, sinΔθ1=Δθ1X
Therefore, as the wavelength becomes longer, the imaging point shifts in the positive direction of the X axis.Ri is the numerical aperture of the optical fiber (Numerica p
erture, NA) and the size of the hologram or diffraction grating.

光ファイバのＮＡをｏ、２９回折格子の大きさを１５Ｘ
１５＋ｎｍとすると、 （５）式に、このＲ１の値と、 λｃｅｎｔｅｒ　＝　５４ｏｎｉｎ　、Δλ＝＝　２０
　ｎｕ　＃ΔＸ　＝　０．３１０ｆｆｌを代入すると、 θＱ＝２０．０６°＋１８０ ホログラムの記録波長は、ムｒレーザの５１４．５　ｎ
ｍで、再生波長は８００　ｎｍ〜８８０　ｎｍである。The NA of the optical fiber is o, and the size of the 29 diffraction grating is 15X.
15+nm, the value of R1, λcenter = 54onin, Δλ== 20 in equation (5).
Substituting nu #ΔX = 0.310ffl, θQ = 20.06° + 180 The recording wavelength of the hologram is 514.5 n of the mu r laser
m, and the reproduction wavelength is between 800 nm and 880 nm.

したがって収差が発生する。球面収差係数Ｓ、コマ収差
係数Ｃ１非点収差係数ムは、次式によって示される。Therefore, aberrations occur. The spherical aberration coefficient S, the coma aberration coefficient C1, and the astigmatism coefficient M are expressed by the following equations.

（１）式において、ＲＯ−Ｒｒとすることにより、波長
比μによる結像距離の変化を除くことができる。In equation (1), by setting RO-Rr, it is possible to eliminate the change in imaging distance due to the wavelength ratio μ.

したがって Ｒｉ　＝　ＲＣ さらに、この条件より、（６）式は、 Ｓ＝。therefore Ri = RC Furthermore, from this condition, equation (6) becomes S=.

となる。また、Ｒ１”　ＲＯｓθ工＝１ａｏ、θｏ＝　
ｏとすると、 となり、Ｃ＝ｏにするには、 ・−１１ θｒ＝Ｓλｎ（−−ｓｉｎθＣ）　　　・・・・・・・
・・・・・（９）μ ＝　１２１　２ となる。なお、非点収差人は、 Ａ　＝　１　２４　Ｘ　１　０　　ｍｍとなり、非点収
差は、若干残存する。becomes. Also, R1” ROs θ = 1ao, θo =
If it is o, then to make C=o, -11 θr=Sλn(--sinθC)...
...(9) μ = 121 2 . Note that for a person with astigmatism, A = 124 x 10 mm, and some astigmatism remains.

収差の少ない以上の条件を整理すると、Ｒ１：　Ｒｅ　
：　ＲＯ＝　Ｒｒ：３６．７４　ｍｍθ１＝１ｓ。If we summarize the conditions above that there are few aberrations, R1: Re
: RO=Rr:36.74 mmθ1=1s.

θＱ＝２０．０６＋１８０ θ　、＝。θQ=20.06+180 θ　,=.

θｒ＝１２．１２ となる。θr=12.12 becomes.

再生時の中心波長については、球面収差、コマ収差は除
去できたが、非点収差が残り、かつ、中心波長以外では
、小さいながら、コマ収差や、波長差による再生像点距
離の僅かな差異によるディフォーカスなども残されてい
る。これらの収差は、物体光の球面波に非球面波を加え
ることにより、補正することができる。Regarding the center wavelength during reproduction, spherical aberration and coma aberration were removed, but astigmatism remains, and at wavelengths other than the center wavelength, although small, coma aberration and slight differences in reproduction image point distance due to wavelength differences occur. The defocus etc. due to this are also left behind. These aberrations can be corrected by adding an aspherical wave to the spherical wave of the object light.

再生像光の位相関数φｉは、次式によって示される。The phase function φi of the reconstructed image light is expressed by the following equation.

φ１＝φＣ−μ巨φ０＋φＧ）−φｒ　）　−（１０）
ただし、φＣ；再生光の位相関数 φ０；物体光の位相関数 φｒ；参照波の位相関数 φＧ；非球面波の位相関数 非球面波面の位相関数φｇは、 ＝　２ｒｒ　（Ｘ　Ｃ４ｉ　Ｘ″ｙｌ　）ｉ、ｊ ／２ノ／ｂ／ａ ＝　２π（Ｃ２０Ｘ　＋ｃ４ｐＸ　十Ｃ６０Ｘ　＋Ｃ６
０Ｘ　＋Ｃ０２Ｙ　＋Ｃｏａｙ’＋Ｇｏ６Ｙ　＋Ｃ（Ｉ
ＢＹ　＋Ｃ２２ｘＹ＋Ｃ４４ｘＹ）・・・・（１１）た
だし、Ｃ１ｊはＣ１ｊをλ０で規格化しており、Ｘ。φ1 = φC - μ giant φ0 + φG) - φr ) - (10)
However, φC; phase function of the reproduction light φ0; phase function of the object beam φr; phase function of the reference wave φG; phase function of the aspherical wave The phase function of the aspherical wavefront φg is: = 2rr (X C4i X″yl )i , j /2ノ/b/a = 2π(C20X +c4pX +C60X +C6
0X +C02Y +Coay'+Go6Y +C(I
BY +C22xY+C44xY) (11) However, C1j is normalized by λ0, and X.

Ｙは、ホログラム面上の規格化座標である。なお、非球
面波の回転対称性のため、非球面波を偶関数のみとした
。Y is a normalized coordinate on the hologram surface. Note that because of the rotational symmetry of aspherical waves, only even functions were used for aspherical waves.

係数Ｃｉｊは、（１１）式に示すφ１の方向余弦を求め
、各波長ごとに光線追跡をおこない、それぞれのスポッ
トダイアグラムの分散値より、点像の施回生径を求めて
、評価関数（ｍｅｒｉｔ　ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ　）を決定
する。このとき、非線形最小自乗法（ＤＬＳｍｅｔｈｏ
ｄ　）を用い、必要回数、計算をくりかえすことにより
、Ｃ１ｊの最適条件を決定する。計算の結果、最適非球
面波面に相当するＣ４ｊは０２Ｇ＝　　６．８５２０ Ｑ４ｏ＝　　２．２３１７ ０６０＝　　０．０６７１６７ ０８０　＝−０，７３６９０ Ｃ２２＝１．１８６７ Ｃｏ２：　　１．９６５３ Ｃｏａ＝　　０．７２４５５ ＣＯ６’＝　　０．０８４４２６ Ｃ０８＝−０，１６２４０ Ｃ４４＝−０，０２４８０６ ホログラムの作成は、ホログラムの位相関数をφＨとす
ると、 φＨ＝　（φ０＋φＧ）−φｒ であるから、φＲに相当するパターンを、計算機ホログ
ラム（ＣＧＨ）によって、電子ビームによる直接描画法
で作成するか、あるいは、収差補正のだめの非球面波面
をつくるホログラムのみをＣＧＨによって作成し、回折
格子となるφＨに相当するホログラムを２光束干渉法に
よって作成する方法がある。後者の収差補正のための非
球面波面をつくるＣＧＨは、非球面波と平面波による干
渉縞に相当するパターンを、電子ビームの直接描画によ
る方法か、プロッタで記録して、縮少する光学的な方法
のいずれかで作成し、このＣＧＨに平面波を入射させる
と、１次回折光として、必要な非球面波が得られる。こ
のＣＧＨの干渉縞は、約３００本／ｍｍである。The coefficient Cij is calculated by determining the direction cosine of φ1 shown in equation (11), tracing the rays for each wavelength, determining the regeneration diameter of the point image from the dispersion value of each spot diagram, and calculating the merit function. ) to determine. At this time, the nonlinear least squares method (DLSmethod
d) and repeating the calculation as many times as necessary to determine the optimal conditions for C1j. As a result of calculation, C4j corresponding to the optimal aspherical wavefront is 02G = 6.8520 Q4o = 2.2317 060 = 0.067167 080 = -0,73690 C22 = 1.1867 Co2: 1.9653 Coa = 0.72455 CO6 ' = 0.084426 C08 = -0,16240 C44 = -0,024806 To create a hologram, if the phase function of the hologram is φH, then φH = (φ0 + φG) - φr, so the pattern corresponding to φR is created using a computer. A hologram (CGH) can be created using a direct writing method using an electron beam, or only a hologram that creates an aspherical wavefront for aberration correction can be created using a CGH, and a hologram corresponding to φH, which will become a diffraction grating, can be created using a two-beam interferometry method. There is a way to create it by In CGH, which creates an aspherical wavefront for correcting the latter aberration, a pattern corresponding to interference fringes of aspherical waves and plane waves is recorded either by direct drawing with an electron beam or by a plotter, and then optically reduced. When a plane wave is made by any of the methods and made incident on this CGH, a necessary aspherical wave can be obtained as first-order diffracted light. The interference fringes of this CGH are about 300 lines/mm.

第３図は、非球面波を、いったん収れんさせ、後、発散
させた発散非球面波を光軸方向に、また、発散球面波を
、光軸に対して、１２．１２°の角度で入射させて、ホ
ログラムを作成したものである。Figure 3 shows an aspherical wave that is first converged and then a diverging aspherical wave that is incident in the optical axis direction, and a diverging spherical wave that is incident at an angle of 12.12° with respect to the optical axis. This is how a hologram was created.

このホログラムは、そのままでは、回折効率が低いため
、適当な方法たとえばイオンビームエツチングなどによ
って、溝形状を三角波状または鋸歯状にすることにより
、回折効率を高めることができる。このようにして作成
したホログラムを、第４図に示すように、透過形回折格
子１２として用い、波長８００ｎｍ　、８２０ｎｍ　、
８４０ｎｌｌ　。Since this hologram has low diffraction efficiency as it is, the diffraction efficiency can be increased by making the groove shape triangular or sawtooth by an appropriate method such as ion beam etching. The hologram created in this way is used as a transmission type diffraction grating 12, as shown in FIG.
840nll.

ｓｅｏｎｍ、ｓｓｏｎｍの多重化された光信号を入力光
ファイバより入射させると、回折格子１２で、回折・分
波され、出力光ファイバ１４１Ｌにｓｏｏｎｍ。When the multiplexed optical signals of seonm and ssonm are inputted from the input optical fiber, they are diffracted and demultiplexed by the diffraction grating 12, and then sent to the output optical fiber 141L.

出力光ファイバ１４ｂに８２０ｎｍ　　、出力光ファイ
バ１４０に８４０１ｍ、出力光ファイバ１４ｄに８６０
１ｍ、出力光ファイバ１４１５に８８Ｏｎ！１１の光信
号が入り、出射する。なお、第３図の方法で作成したホ
ログラム１１を、第４図に示すように透過形で用いる場
合は、集束レンズ１６が必要である。ホログラム１１の
表面に、金薄膜の反射膜を形成させた反射形の場合は、
第５図に示すように集束レンズは不要である。主光線に
対する再生光角θＣは、２０．０６’になるが、他の条
件は、はぼ同様である。ただ、再生時に、波長が長くな
ると、Ｘ軸の負の方向に、結像点がずれる。820 nm to the output optical fiber 14b, 8401 m to the output optical fiber 140, 860 nm to the output optical fiber 14d
1m, 88On to output optical fiber 1415! 11 optical signals enter and exit. Note that when the hologram 11 created by the method shown in FIG. 3 is used in a transmission type as shown in FIG. 4, a focusing lens 16 is required. In the case of a reflective type in which a thin gold reflective film is formed on the surface of the hologram 11,
As shown in FIG. 5, no focusing lens is required. The reproduction optical angle θC with respect to the principal ray is 20.06', but the other conditions are almost the same. However, during reproduction, as the wavelength becomes longer, the imaging point shifts in the negative direction of the X axis.

透過形で、集束レンズを省略するには、第６図に、その
−例を示すように、発散非球面物体光１７を、ホログラ
ム感光材料層１８に垂直なＺ軸方向に、収れん球面参照
光１９を、Ｚ軸に対して、θｒの角度゛で入射させて、
干渉縞からなるホログラム２０を作成すると良い。この
方法で作成したホログラムを、第７図に示すように、透
過形回折格子２２として用い、８００ｎｍ　、　８２０
ｎｌｌ　、　８４０ｎｍ。In order to omit the converging lens in a transmissive type, as shown in FIG. 19 is incident at an angle of θr with respect to the Z axis,
It is preferable to create a hologram 20 consisting of interference fringes. The hologram created by this method is used as a transmission diffraction grating 22, as shown in FIG.
nll, 840 nm.

ｓｅｏｎｍ　、ｓａｏｎｍの多重化された光信号を、入
力光ファイバ２１より、透過形回折格子２２に入射させ
ると、回折・分波され、出力光ファイバ２３＆にａｏｏ
ｎｍ、出力光７ｙイバ２３ｂに８２０ｎｍ、出力光ファ
イバ２３０に８４０１ｍ。When the multiplexed optical signals of seonm and saonm are made incident on the transmission type diffraction grating 22 from the input optical fiber 21, they are diffracted and demultiplexed, and sent to the output optical fiber 23&.
nm, 820 nm to the output light 7y fiber 23b, and 8401 m to the output optical fiber 230.

出力光ファイバ２３（ｉに８６０ｎｌ１１．出力光ファ
イバ２３６に８８０止の光信号が入り、出射する。なお
、この場合も０、第３図の発散非球面物体光と発散球面
参照光による場合と同様に、Ｒ１”　”Ｏ＝　Ｒｏ　＝
　Ｒｒ　＝　３６．７４　ｍｍθ１＝１ｓ。The output optical fiber 23 (i is 860nl11. An optical signal of 880 is input to the output optical fiber 236 and outputted. In this case as well, 0 is the same as in the case of the divergent aspherical object beam and the divergent spherical reference beam in Fig. 3. , R1” ”O=Ro=
Rr = 36.74 mmθ1 = 1s.

θＱ　＝　２０．０♂＋１８６ θ　＝。θQ = 20.0♂+186 θ=.

θｒ＝１２．１２゜ とすることが必要である。なお、第６図の方法で作成し
たホログラムに金薄膜の反射膜を形成させて、反射形回
折格子を光合波・分波器に使用するときは、集束レンズ
が必要になる。It is necessary to set θr=12.12°. Note that when a reflective diffraction grating is used for an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer by forming a reflective film of a thin gold film on the hologram created by the method shown in FIG. 6, a focusing lens is required.

第３図に示す方法で作成したホログラムを、第４図ある
いは第５図に示すようにへ、分波器とした場合の光線追
跡による点像分布を、第８図に、光ファイバのコア２４
！Ｌ　、２４ｂ　、２４０．２４（１゜２４ｅ内の点２
５で示す。光線追跡は、ホログラム面の３７箇所につい
ておこなった。その結果、出力光ファイバのコア内のほ
ぼ中心部、約３０μの範囲内に、回折・分波された光が
入っていることがわかる。Figure 8 shows the point spread distribution obtained by ray tracing when the hologram created by the method shown in Figure 3 is used as a demultiplexer as shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5.
! L , 24b , 240.24 (point 2 within 1°24e
Shown as 5. Ray tracing was performed at 37 locations on the hologram surface. As a result, it can be seen that the diffracted and demultiplexed light enters approximately the center of the core of the output optical fiber, within a range of approximately 30 μm.

したがって、他の波長の光信号が一つのコア内に混入す
るクロストークも発生しない。また、本願実施例では、
６波について説明したが、設計を最適設計におこなえば
、１０波以上の分波器をつくることができる。さらに、
本願実施例では、主に光分波器について説明したが、た
とえば、第５図の光分波器において、出力光ファイバ群
１４を入力光ファイバにし、入力光ファイバ１３を出力
光ファイバとして、λ１．λ２．λ３．λ４．λ５から
なる光信号を、それぞれの入力光ファイバから入射させ
ると、反射形回折格子１６で回折・分波され、出力光フ
ァイバから出射する光合波器として動作することはもち
ろんである。Therefore, no crosstalk occurs in which optical signals of other wavelengths mix into one core. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application,
Although 6 waves have been explained, if the design is optimally designed, it is possible to create a duplexer with 10 waves or more. moreover,
In the embodiments of the present application, the optical demultiplexer has been mainly explained. For example, in the optical demultiplexer shown in FIG. ．． λ2. λ3. λ4. When an optical signal consisting of λ5 is inputted from each input optical fiber, it is diffracted and demultiplexed by the reflection type diffraction grating 16, and of course operates as an optical multiplexer which is emitted from the output optical fiber.

発明の効果 本発明は、同一面側からの非球面波と球面波の干渉によ
るホログラムを回折格子とすることにより、平面状で、
しかも光学系の簡単な光合波・分波器をつくることがで
きる。Effects of the Invention The present invention uses a hologram created by the interference of an aspherical wave and a spherical wave from the same surface side as a diffraction grating, so that a hologram in a planar shape,
Moreover, it is possible to create an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer with a simple optical system.

【図面の簡単な説明】 第１図ならびに第２図は、従来の回折格子を用いた光分
波器の概念図、第３図は、本発明によるホログラムすな
わち回折格子の作成方法の一例を示す原理図、第４図は
、第３図の方法で作成した回折格子を用いた透過形光分
波器の概念図、第６図は、第３図の方法で作成した回折
格子を用いた反射形光分波器の概念図、第６図は、本発
明によるホログラムすなわち回折格子の作成方法の他の
例を示す原理図、第７図は、第６図の方法で作成した回
折格子を用いた透過形光分波器の概念図、第８図は、第
４図および第６図に示す光分波器の回折格子について、
光線追跡法による出力光ファイバ内の点像分布を示す図
である。 １・・・・・・入力光ファイバ、２・・・・・・コリメ
イシラレンズ、３・・・・・・回折格子、４・・・・・
・集束レンズ、５・・・・・・出力光ファイバ群、６・
・・・・・第１の集束性光伝送体、７・・・・・・第２
の集束性光伝送体、８・・・・・・ホログラム感光材料
層、９・・・・・・発散非球面物体光、１゜・・・・・
・発散球面参照光、１１・・・・・・ホログラム、１２
・・・・・・透過形回折格子、１３・・・・・・入力光
ファイバ、１４・・・・・・出力光ファイバ群、１４ａ
、１４ｂ。 １４０．１４ｄ、１４６・・・・・・それぞれ出力光フ
ァイバ、１５・・・・・・集束レンズ、１６・・・・・
・反射形回折格子、１７・・・・・・発散非球面物体光
、１８・・・・・・ホログラム感光材料層、１９・・・
・・・収れん球面参照光、２ｏ・・・・・・ホログラム
、２１・・・・・・入力光ファイバ、２２・・・・・・
透過形回折格子、２３・・・・・・出力光ファイバ群、
２３１Ｌ　、２３ｂ　、２３０．２３ａ　、２３６・・
・・・・それぞれ出力光ファイバ、２４＆　、２４ｂ　
。 ２４ｃ、２４ｄ、２４ａ・・・・・・それぞれ出力光フ
ァイバのコア、２６・・・・・・点像分布を示す点。 代理人の氏名　弁理士　中　尾　敏　男　ほか１名７−
−−人力ｆ、７アイバ ２−−−コリメイションしンズ゛ ３−−一回折堪トチ ４−一一濃東しシー 第　　１　　１ｍ　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　’７−−−第２の身〕良Ｉ湧４７簡ｉ−
＋１第　２　図 δ−・ホｐり゛うＡ肩ト尤オオ粁冴 第３図　　　　　　ブー嬰句ト球市物栽１０−−−発歎
絆面参瀝尤 １１−−一　木口γラム １４ａ−−・出力光ファイバ ／４ｂ−・出力光ファイバ １６−−−縮回＃ｒ柘子[Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are conceptual diagrams of an optical demultiplexer using a conventional diffraction grating, and Fig. 3 shows an example of a method for creating a hologram, that is, a diffraction grating according to the present invention. The principle diagram, Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram of a transmission type optical demultiplexer using a diffraction grating created by the method shown in Figure 3, and Figure 6 is a conceptual diagram of a transmission type optical demultiplexer using a diffraction grating created by the method shown in Figure 3. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of a shaped optical demultiplexer, and FIG. 6 is a principle diagram showing another example of the method for creating a hologram, that is, a diffraction grating according to the present invention. FIG. A conceptual diagram of a transmission type optical demultiplexer, FIG. 8, shows the diffraction grating of the optical demultiplexer shown in FIGS. 4 and 6.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a point spread distribution within an output optical fiber obtained by ray tracing. 1...Input optical fiber, 2...Collimator lens, 3...Diffraction grating, 4...
・Focusing lens, 5... Output optical fiber group, 6.
...First focusing optical transmission body, 7... Second
Convergent light transmitter, 8...Hologram photosensitive material layer, 9...Divergent aspherical object light, 1°...
・Divergent spherical reference beam, 11...Hologram, 12
... Transmission type diffraction grating, 13 ... Input optical fiber, 14 ... Output optical fiber group, 14a
, 14b. 140.14d, 146... Output optical fiber, 15... Focusing lens, 16...
・Reflection type diffraction grating, 17... Divergent aspherical object light, 18... Hologram photosensitive material layer, 19...
...Convergent spherical reference beam, 2o...Hologram, 21...Input optical fiber, 22...
transmission type diffraction grating, 23...output optical fiber group,
231L, 23b, 230.23a, 236...
...output optical fiber, 24 & , 24b, respectively
. 24c, 24d, 24a... core of the output optical fiber, 26... points showing point spread distribution. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person7-
--Human power f, 7 eyeballs 2---Collimation lenses 3--One-time folding resistance 4-11 deep east sea No. 1 1m
'7---Second body] Ryo Iyu 47 Simple i-
+1 No. 2 Figure δ-・Hop-ri-A-Shoulder-To-Oo-O-Ken-Sae Figure 3 Boo-ka-kutokyu-ichi-mono-sai 10---Departure bond side visit 11--1 Kiguchi gamma ram 14a- -・Output optical fiber/4b-・Output optical fiber 16---Reduction #r Tsuko

Claims (6)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）同一面側からの非球面波と球面波の干渉によるホ
ログラムを回折格子としたことを特徴とする光合波・分
波器。(1) An optical multiplexer/demultiplexer characterized in that a hologram formed by interference of an aspherical wave and a spherical wave from the same surface side is used as a diffraction grating. （２）非球面波は、実質的に、非球面波と球面波の合成
からなることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の
光合波・分波器。(2) The optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to claim 1, wherein the aspherical wave is substantially composed of a combination of an aspherical wave and a spherical wave. （３）ホログラム面に、金やアルミニウムなどの反射膜
を形成させた反射形回折格子を用いたことを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の光合波・分波器。(3) The optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to claim 1, which uses a reflective diffraction grating in which a reflective film of gold, aluminum, or the like is formed on the hologram surface. （４）非球面波は、収差補正のために用いることを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第１項または第２項記載の光合波
・分波器。(4) The optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aspherical wave is used for aberration correction. （５）収差補正用の非球面波は、計算機ホログラムによ
って作成することを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項ま
たは第２項記載の光合成・分波器。(5) The light synthesis/demultiplexer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aspherical wave for aberration correction is created by a computer-generated hologram. （６）球面波は発散波または収れん波であることを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の光合波・分波器。(6) The optical multiplexer/demultiplexer according to claim 1, wherein the spherical wave is a divergent wave or a convergent wave.
JP16512485A 1985-07-26 1985-07-26 Multiplexer-demultiplexer Pending JPS6225709A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16512485A JPS6225709A (en) 1985-07-26 1985-07-26 Multiplexer-demultiplexer
DE8686305741T DE3687869T2 (en) 1985-07-26 1986-07-25 HOLOGRAPHICAL MULTIPLEX / DEMULTIPLEX DEVICE, AND THEIR PRODUCTION METHOD.
EP86305741A EP0213726B1 (en) 1985-07-26 1986-07-25 Holographic multiplexer/demultiplexer and its manufacturing method
US06/889,890 US4824193A (en) 1985-07-26 1986-07-25 Holographic multiplexer/demultiplexer and its manufacturing method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16512485A JPS6225709A (en) 1985-07-26 1985-07-26 Multiplexer-demultiplexer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6225709A true JPS6225709A (en) 1987-02-03

Family

ID=15806367

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP16512485A Pending JPS6225709A (en) 1985-07-26 1985-07-26 Multiplexer-demultiplexer

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6225709A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10180616B2 (en) 2001-09-03 2019-01-15 Thomas Swan & Co. Ltd. Optical processing
US10257594B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2019-04-09 Thomas Swan And Co., Ltd. Optical device and methods

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS545454A (en) * 1977-06-14 1979-01-16 Nec Corp Multiple branching circuit of optical wavelength using holograms
JPS5590984A (en) * 1978-12-29 1980-07-10 Ricoh Co Ltd Making method of multibranching hologram photo coupler
JPS55146403A (en) * 1979-05-04 1980-11-14 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Photo branching and distributing device
JPS579048A (en) * 1980-06-18 1982-01-18 Toshiba Corp Metal vapor discharge lamp

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS545454A (en) * 1977-06-14 1979-01-16 Nec Corp Multiple branching circuit of optical wavelength using holograms
JPS5590984A (en) * 1978-12-29 1980-07-10 Ricoh Co Ltd Making method of multibranching hologram photo coupler
JPS55146403A (en) * 1979-05-04 1980-11-14 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Photo branching and distributing device
JPS579048A (en) * 1980-06-18 1982-01-18 Toshiba Corp Metal vapor discharge lamp

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10180616B2 (en) 2001-09-03 2019-01-15 Thomas Swan & Co. Ltd. Optical processing
US10642126B2 (en) 2001-09-03 2020-05-05 Thomas Swan & Co. Ltd. Optical processing
US11073739B2 (en) 2001-09-03 2021-07-27 Thomas Swan & Co. Ltd. Optical processing
US10257594B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2019-04-09 Thomas Swan And Co., Ltd. Optical device and methods

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0213726B1 (en) Holographic multiplexer/demultiplexer and its manufacturing method
EP0746783B1 (en) Holographic optical devices
US5682255A (en) Holographic optical devices for the transmission of optical signals of a plurality of channels
US20190187465A1 (en) Waveguide and Devices for Data Reflection
EP1068548B1 (en) Holographic optical devices
US6449066B1 (en) Polarization insensitive, high dispersion optical element
US10871601B2 (en) Volume holographic optical elements for imaging with reduced aberrations
EP0157895B1 (en) Achromatic holographic element
US9594201B2 (en) Curved volume phase holographic (VPH) diffraction grating with tilted fringes and spectrographs using same
JPS6137633B2 (en)
JP2003506738A (en) Wavelength division multiplexing device / demultiplexing device using diffractive optical lens
JPS5822725B2 (en) optical demultiplexer
JPH05346508A (en) Hologram lens and display device using the same
JPS6225709A (en) Multiplexer-demultiplexer
US4392709A (en) Method of manufacturing holographic elements for fiber and integrated optic systems
JPS6225710A (en) Multiplexer-demultiplexer
JP4730490B2 (en) Manufacturing method of optical fiber with display function
EP0574005A2 (en) Hologram lens and display apparatus using the same
JPS6275503A (en) Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer
JPS6231323B2 (en)
EP4089466A1 (en) Waveguide
JPS6275504A (en) Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer
JPH0720766A (en) Production of hologram and display device
EP0120366A2 (en) An optical component for use in fiber optic communication systems
JPH02157889A (en) Method and apparatus for use of holographic