JPS62252825A - Flame current detector - Google Patents
Flame current detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62252825A JPS62252825A JP61093760A JP9376086A JPS62252825A JP S62252825 A JPS62252825 A JP S62252825A JP 61093760 A JP61093760 A JP 61093760A JP 9376086 A JP9376086 A JP 9376086A JP S62252825 A JPS62252825 A JP S62252825A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- combustion
- rod
- current
- burner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper gold Chemical compound [Cu].[Au] QRJOYPHTNNOAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
- F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
- F23N2229/16—Flame sensors using two or more of the same types of flame sensor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、ガスや石油の燃焼装置の火炎の燃焼状態をフ
レームロッドにより検出する炎イオン電流の検出装置に
関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flame ion current detection device for detecting the combustion state of a flame in a gas or oil combustion device using a flame rod.
従来の技術
近年、燃焼機器は火炎の着火、失火に加えて不完全燃焼
を検出して不安全な燃焼に至る前に消火する。あるいは
正常燃焼に戻すために補正する等の安全機能が重要とな
っている。従来この燃焼状態を検出するセンサとして広
く用いられているものにフレームロッドがある。このセ
ンサは例えば特開昭at−8517号公報のように、火
炎の中に電極(ロッド)を挿入して、バーナとの間に流
れる炎イオン電流を検出するものである。炎イ°オン電
流は火炎の燃焼状態に応じて変化することがよく知られ
ていて、この炎イオン電流に応じて空燃比を制御するも
のである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, combustion equipment detects ignition and misfire as well as incomplete combustion and extinguishes the flame before it becomes unsafe. Alternatively, safety functions such as correction to return to normal combustion are becoming important. Flame rods have been widely used as sensors for detecting combustion conditions. This sensor, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 8517/1997, is a sensor that inserts an electrode (rod) into a flame and detects the flame ion current flowing between it and the burner. It is well known that the flame ion current changes depending on the combustion state of the flame, and the air-fuel ratio is controlled according to this flame ion current.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
第4図にバーナ1と火炎2.フレームロッド3の等価回
路を示す。図でRf 、Rrは炎内のイオンの流出によ
り発生する炎抵抗で通常J<<R工で図のDlのような
ダイオード特性を有するORBは火炎とバーナ1との接
触抵抗、allは火炎とフレームロッド3との接触抵抗
、RLはフレームロッド3とバーナ1との絶縁抵抗で非
常に大抵抗である。図の回路に交流電源4を印加し、抵
抗5の両端の電圧をコンデンサ6で平滑して検知電圧a
ryk得る。この特性を第5図に示す。図で横軸は時間
で、(4)は印加交流電圧波形、(B)は電流波形を示
す。今、抵抗R8、I’LB 、 RLを無視すれば抵
抗R4で定まる電流11と、逆方向印加時に抵抗Rrで
定まる電流Rrが第5図のような波形となる。従ってこ
の波形を平滑した電流X 、/が第5図の出力!fとな
って検知するものである。Problems to be Solved by the Invention Figure 4 shows burner 1 and flame 2. An equivalent circuit of frame rod 3 is shown. In the figure, Rf and Rr are the flame resistances generated by the outflow of ions in the flame, and ORB, which has diode characteristics like Dl in the figure, is the contact resistance between the flame and burner 1, and all is the flame resistance. The contact resistance with the frame rod 3, RL, is the insulation resistance between the frame rod 3 and the burner 1, and is a very large resistance. Applying an AC power source 4 to the circuit shown in the figure, smoothing the voltage across the resistor 5 with a capacitor 6, and detecting a voltage a
Get ryk. This characteristic is shown in FIG. In the figure, the horizontal axis is time, (4) shows the applied AC voltage waveform, and (B) shows the current waveform. Now, if the resistors R8, I'LB, and RL are ignored, the current 11 determined by the resistor R4 and the current Rr determined by the resistor Rr when the voltage is applied in the reverse direction have waveforms as shown in FIG. Therefore, the current X, / obtained by smoothing this waveform is the output shown in Figure 5! f and is detected.
ところで、第4図のように火炎2が非常に大きい場合は
問題ないが火炎が小さい場合には、バーナ1の燃焼状態
に応じて火炎の位置が変化する。By the way, if the flame 2 is very large as shown in FIG. 4, there is no problem, but if the flame is small, the position of the flame changes depending on the combustion state of the burner 1.
この時に抵抗R,、RBが電流I(に非常に影響をあた
える。例えば火炎2が短かくジッド3に届かない場合は
抵抗R8が非常に大抵抗となり電流11はほとんど流れ
なくなる。同様に火炎がリフト燃焼になるとバーナ2か
ら浮き上がり抵抗RBが大抵抗となってしまう。本来フ
レームロッド3は抵抗R1の変化を確実に検出すること
が望ましいが現実にはRB、RBの変化も同時に含まれ
た値で検出してしまう。このため、火炎が薄い表面燃焼
バーナ等ではフレームロッドで検出する炎電流が非常に
小さな値となり検出が難しかった。また燃焼方式により
抵抗Rs、RBは大きく変化するため各燃焼器に対応し
て炎電流の検出特性を調整する必要があるという問題点
を有していた。At this time, the resistors R, RB greatly affect the current I (for example, if the flame 2 is too short to reach the flame 3, the resistor R8 becomes a very large resistance and the current 11 hardly flows.Similarly, the flame 2 When lift combustion occurs, the resistance RB rising from the burner 2 becomes a large resistance.It is originally desirable for the flame rod 3 to reliably detect changes in resistance R1, but in reality, the value includes changes in RB and RB at the same time. For this reason, in surface combustion burners where the flame is thin, the flame current detected by the flame rod becomes a very small value, making it difficult to detect.Also, the resistances Rs and RB vary greatly depending on the combustion method, so each combustion However, there was a problem in that the detection characteristics of the flame current had to be adjusted depending on the device.
本発明はこのような従来の問題点を解決するもので、火
炎の位置の変化に影響されずに炎イオン電流!fを検出
可能とするものである。The present invention solves these conventional problems, and allows the flame ion current to be controlled without being affected by changes in the flame position! This makes it possible to detect f.
問題点を解決するだめの手段
上記問題点を解決するために本発明の炎電流検出装置は
、燃料を燃焼するバーナと、このバーナの燃焼火炎に挿
入したフレームロッドと、フレームロッドで検出した炎
イオン電流で火炎の燃焼状態を判定する燃焼状態判定部
を内部に含む燃焼検出装置を有し、フレームロッドには
バーナの火炎の燃焼方向と並行に火炎に挿入された検知
端を設けた構成としたものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the flame current detection device of the present invention includes a burner that burns fuel, a flame rod inserted into the combustion flame of this burner, and a flame detected by the flame rod. It has a combustion detection device that includes a combustion state determination section that determines the combustion state of the flame using ion current, and the flame rod has a detection end that is inserted into the flame in parallel with the combustion direction of the burner flame. This is what I did.
作 用
本発明は、上記した構成によって燃焼状態により火炎の
位置が変化しても必ずフレームロッドが火炎内に挿入さ
れている構成とし、フレームロッドと火炎との接触抵抗
R8の影響をなくし、抵抗R(の変化のみを検出できる
ものである。Effects The present invention has the above-described configuration so that the flame rod is always inserted into the flame even if the position of the flame changes depending on the combustion state, eliminates the influence of the contact resistance R8 between the flame rod and the flame, and reduces the resistance. It is possible to detect only changes in R(.
実施例
以下、本発明の実施例を添付図面にもとづいて説明して
いく。第1図は本発明の炎電流検出装置をガス燃焼器に
応用した例で、ガスは入ロアから制御弁8を通り、バー
ナ9で燃焼する。1oはフレームロッドでその一部がバ
ーナ9の火炎の燃焼方向(図の矢印a)と並行に設けた
検知端11を有する。フレームロッド1oに流れる炎イ
オン電流は第4図で説明した構成の検知回路12により
検知し、燃焼検出装置13に入力される。燃焼検出装置
13は内部に炎イオン検知部14、および燃焼状態判定
部15により構成される。炎イオン検知部14および燃
焼状態判定部の動作を第2図および第3図を用いて説明
する。第2図は火炎の挙動を説明する図でロッドXは本
願発明のように燃焼方向と並行にロッドを挿入している
。Yは従来例のように燃焼方向と直角にロッドを挿入し
た図である。図で(4)は火炎が短かい状態、(Blは
火炎が十分に大きな状態、(qは火炎がリフトしている
状態を示す。これ等の状態の特性を第3図(X)(Y)
図で示す。Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example in which the flame current detection device of the present invention is applied to a gas combustor, in which gas passes through a control valve 8 from the inlet lower and is combusted in a burner 9. Reference numeral 1o denotes a flame rod, a part of which has a detection end 11 provided parallel to the combustion direction of the flame of the burner 9 (arrow a in the figure). The flame ion current flowing through the flame rod 1o is detected by the detection circuit 12 having the configuration described in FIG. 4, and is input to the combustion detection device 13. The combustion detection device 13 includes a flame ion detection section 14 and a combustion state determination section 15 inside. The operations of the flame ion detection section 14 and the combustion state determination section will be explained using FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 is a diagram explaining the behavior of the flame, and the rod X is inserted parallel to the combustion direction as in the present invention. Y is a diagram in which the rod is inserted perpendicular to the combustion direction as in the conventional example. In the figure, (4) indicates a state where the flame is short, (Bl indicates a state where the flame is sufficiently large, and (q indicates a state where the flame is lifted.) The characteristics of these states are shown in Figure 3 (X) (Y )
Illustrated in the diagram.
第31fl(X)はフレームロッドが第2図Xの特性、
(■は第2図Yの特性を示し、横軸にバーナの空燃比、
縦軸は炎電流Ifを示す。実線はバーナの燃焼量が大の
状態、破線が小燃焼量の特性を示す。31fl(X) has a frame rod with the characteristics of FIG. 2X,
(■ indicates the characteristics shown in Figure 2 Y, and the horizontal axis shows the burner air-fuel ratio,
The vertical axis indicates flame current If. The solid line indicates the state where the burner combustion amount is large, and the broken line indicates the state where the burner combustion amount is small.
第2図の(A)(B)(C)の状態を第3図にプロット
している。従来のフレームロッドYでは燃焼量が小さい
゛場合は火炎がロッドに届かないため第4図の等価回路
のR8が大きくな9炎電流が非常に小さくなる。このた
め、空燃比mの変化に対する炎電流11の変化度合も非
常に小さく検出が困難である。The states of (A), (B), and (C) in FIG. 2 are plotted in FIG. In the conventional flame rod Y, when the combustion amount is small, the flame does not reach the rod, so R8 in the equivalent circuit of FIG. 4 is large, and the flame current becomes very small. Therefore, the degree of change in flame current 11 with respect to change in air-fuel ratio m is also very small and difficult to detect.
B点はロッドYが火炎に十分に包まれて炎電流Ifは十
分に大きな値となる。また状態Cは空気量が増加し、空
燃比が1よりも大きくなった時に火炎がリフトし出し、
第4図のRBが大きな値となり、炎電流rlは小さくな
る。At point B, the rod Y is fully enveloped in flame and the flame current If has a sufficiently large value. In addition, in state C, when the air amount increases and the air-fuel ratio becomes greater than 1, the flame begins to lift.
RB in FIG. 4 becomes a large value, and the flame current rl becomes small.
一方第2図のロンドXfl第3図(X)に示すように燃
焼量の影響は少なくなる。従って火炎がりフトする前の
電流I(1でしきい値を設けH<Iftの時に燃焼が異
常と!l!lJ定して燃焼と停止する信号を出力する。On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3 (X) of Rondo Xfl in Figure 2, the influence of the combustion amount is reduced. Therefore, a threshold value is set at the current I (1) before the flame lifts, and when H<Ift, it is determined that combustion is abnormal and a signal is output to stop combustion.
第3図(3)のように燃焼量による火炎の大小の影響を
ほとんど受けずに火炎の炎イオン電流の変化(第4図の
R1の変化)のみを検出可能となる。第1図の燃焼状態
判定部15では炎イオン検出部14の信号11としきい
値1[を比較してI+<Hlの時に弁駆動部16へ制御
弁8の閉止信号を出力する。また燃焼状態判定部15t
Ii第3図の炎イオン電流がBからCへ移行するのを防
止するために燃焼空気量と燃焼量を制御して常にB点あ
るいはA点を保つような制御を行なう構成であってもよ
い。As shown in FIG. 3 (3), only the change in the flame ion current of the flame (the change in R1 in FIG. 4) can be detected without being affected by the size of the flame depending on the amount of combustion. The combustion state determination section 15 in FIG. 1 compares the signal 11 of the flame ion detection section 14 with the threshold value 1[, and outputs a closing signal for the control valve 8 to the valve drive section 16 when I+<Hl. Also, the combustion state determination section 15t
Ii In order to prevent the flame ion current from shifting from B to C in Fig. 3, the combustion air amount and combustion amount may be controlled to always maintain point B or point A. .
第1図の実施例では、フレームロッド10の他に第2の
フレームロッド17を設けた構成としている。第2のフ
レームロッド17は火炎の燃焼方向と直角に挿入されて
いる。このため検知回路18を通して燃焼検出装@13
には火炎挙動検知部19を設けた構成となっている。火
炎挙動検知部19は第2のフレームロッド17により火
炎の動きを検出するもので、第3図(Y)の特性を得る
ものである。この場合の燃焼状態判定部15は、炎イオ
ン検知部14と火炎挙動検知部19の信号により、炎電
流11の変化が炎イオンにより変化したのか、火炎の燃
焼位置が変化したのかを判定可能となる。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a second frame rod 17 is provided in addition to the frame rod 10. The second flame rod 17 is inserted at right angles to the burning direction of the flame. Therefore, through the detection circuit 18, the combustion detection device @13
It has a configuration in which a flame behavior detection section 19 is provided. The flame behavior detection section 19 detects the movement of the flame using the second flame rod 17, and obtains the characteristics shown in FIG. 3(Y). In this case, the combustion state determination section 15 can determine whether the change in the flame current 11 is caused by flame ions or whether the combustion position of the flame has changed, based on the signals from the flame ion detection section 14 and the flame behavior detection section 19. Become.
例えば第3図でフレームロッドXの炎電流Ifxとフレ
ームロッドYの炎電流Ifアの差(あるいは比)が一定
の関係にある時は火炎の燃焼位置はほとんど変化せずに
両ロッド共第3図の実線上を移動していることになる。For example, in Fig. 3, when the difference (or ratio) between the flame current Ifx of flame rod This means that it is moving on the solid line in the figure.
IfxとIIアに差が発生した場合は何等かの原因(例
えば燃焼量の低下等)により火炎の位置が変化したと判
定し、燃焼状態ヤ」走部15は最適な出力を出すことが
可能となる。If a difference occurs between Ifx and IIa, it is determined that the position of the flame has changed due to some cause (for example, a decrease in combustion amount), and the running section 15 can output the optimal output according to the combustion state. becomes.
これ等2つのフレームロッドの信号を利用してバーナ9
を常に最適燃焼に保つことも容易となる。Using the signals from these two frame rods, burner 9
It is also easy to maintain optimal combustion at all times.
尚、本明細書ではガ、スバーナを例にとって説明したが
これが灯油等の液体燃料であってもよいし、燃焼空気を
77ン等で強制的に供給する構成であっても同様の効果
が得られる。In this specification, the explanation has been given using a gas burner as an example, but the same effect can be obtained even if it is a liquid fuel such as kerosene, or a configuration in which combustion air is forcibly supplied at 77 liters or the like. It will be done.
発明の効果
以上のように本発明の炎電流検出装置は次のような効果
が得られる。Effects of the Invention As described above, the flame current detection device of the present invention provides the following effects.
(1) フレームロッド10の検知端11は火炎の燃
焼方向と並行に挿入される構成であるため、検知する炎
電流は火炎の燃焼位置の移動による影響を受けにくく、
炎イオンの変化のみを検出可能となる。これは特にバー
ナが金銅等の表面燃焼を行なう構成の場合は、火炎が短
かく、燃焼位置の変化が大きいため非常に効果が大きい
。(1) Since the detection end 11 of the flame rod 10 is configured to be inserted in parallel to the combustion direction of the flame, the detected flame current is less affected by movement of the combustion position of the flame.
Only changes in flame ions can be detected. This is particularly effective when the burner is configured to perform surface combustion of gold-copper or the like, since the flame is short and the combustion position varies greatly.
(2)検出電流が火炎の位置に影響されないため、バー
ナの燃焼量による炎電流値の変化は少ない。(2) Since the detected current is not affected by the position of the flame, there is little change in the flame current value depending on the burner combustion amount.
従って燃焼量に応じて検知電流値を補正する必要がなく
なり、燃焼状態判定部15が簡単な構成となる。Therefore, there is no need to correct the detected current value according to the amount of combustion, and the combustion state determining section 15 has a simple configuration.
第1図は本発明の一実施例を示す炎電流検出装置のブロ
ック図、第2図は同装置の火炎の置火状況を説明する構
成図、第3図は第2図の特性図、第4図は従来例を説明
するフレームロッドの等価回路図、第5図は第4図の特
性図である。
9・・・・・・バーナ、10・・・・・・フレームロッ
ド、11・・・・・・検知端、13・・・・・・燃焼検
出装置、14・・・・・・炎イオン検知部、15・・・
・・・燃焼状態判定部、17・・・・・・第2のフレー
ムロッド、19・・・・・・火炎挙動検知部O
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか1名I!
1図
検知時
第2図
×
第3図
空・慾、比、
wE4図
第5図Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a flame current detection device showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram explaining the flame setting situation of the device, Fig. 3 is a characteristic diagram of Fig. 2, FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a frame rod explaining a conventional example, and FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of FIG. 4. 9...Burner, 10...Frame rod, 11...Detection end, 13...Combustion detection device, 14...Flame ion detection Part, 15...
... Combustion state determination section, 17... Second flame rod, 19... Flame behavior detection section O Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and one other person I!
Figure 1 Detection Figure 2 × Figure 3 Sky/Year, Ratio, wE4 Figure 5
Claims (2)
に挿入して火炎の炎イオン電流を検出するフレームロッ
ドと、前記フレームロッドで検出した炎イオン電流で火
炎の燃焼状態を判定する燃焼状態判定部を含む燃焼検出
装置を有し、前記フレームロッドは、前記バーナの火炎
の燃焼方向と並行に火炎に挿入された検知端を設けた構
成の炎電流検出装置。(1) A burner that burns fuel, a flame rod that is inserted into the combustion flame of the burner to detect the flame ion current of the flame, and a combustion state that determines the combustion state of the flame based on the flame ion current detected by the flame rod. The flame current detection device has a combustion detection device including a determination section, and the flame rod has a detection end inserted into the flame parallel to the combustion direction of the flame of the burner.
た第2のフレームロッドにより火炎の挙動を検出する火
炎挙動検知部の信号と、検知端により火炎の炎イオン濃
度を検出する炎イオン検知部の信号の相関により火炎の
燃焼状態を判定する燃焼状態判定部を有する構成の特許
請求の範囲第1項記載の炎電流検出装置。(2) The combustion detection device uses a second flame rod inserted at right angles to the combustion direction of the flame to detect the behavior of the flame, and a detection end detects the flame ion concentration of the flame. 2. The flame current detection device according to claim 1, further comprising a combustion state determination section that determines the combustion state of the flame based on the correlation of signals from the detection section.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP61093760A JPS62252825A (en) | 1986-04-23 | 1986-04-23 | Flame current detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP61093760A JPS62252825A (en) | 1986-04-23 | 1986-04-23 | Flame current detector |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS62252825A true JPS62252825A (en) | 1987-11-04 |
Family
ID=14091386
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP61093760A Pending JPS62252825A (en) | 1986-04-23 | 1986-04-23 | Flame current detector |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS62252825A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103728482A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-16 | 佛山市顺德万和电气配件有限公司 | Gas appliance flame ionization current detecting circuit and detecting method thereof |
-
1986
- 1986-04-23 JP JP61093760A patent/JPS62252825A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103728482A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-16 | 佛山市顺德万和电气配件有限公司 | Gas appliance flame ionization current detecting circuit and detecting method thereof |
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