JPS62238062A - Production of fiber reinforced metallic composite material - Google Patents
Production of fiber reinforced metallic composite materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62238062A JPS62238062A JP8019086A JP8019086A JPS62238062A JP S62238062 A JPS62238062 A JP S62238062A JP 8019086 A JP8019086 A JP 8019086A JP 8019086 A JP8019086 A JP 8019086A JP S62238062 A JPS62238062 A JP S62238062A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- preform
- molten metal
- mold
- metal
- metallic mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 8
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、ウィスカーを強化物質として加圧鋳造法によ
り繊維強化金属複合材を製造するための改良された方法
に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an improved method for producing fiber-reinforced metal composites by pressure casting using whiskers as reinforcing materials.
ＳｉＣ，５ｉａＮ＊あるいは黒鉛などの針状単結晶で構
成されるウィスカーは、比強度、比弾性率、耐熱性、化
学的安定性などの面で卓越した物性を有する繊維状物で
、とくにＡρに代表される軽金属類をマトリックスとす
る場合の複合強化物質として有用されている。Whiskers composed of needle-like single crystals such as SiC, 5iaN*, or graphite are fibrous materials that have excellent physical properties in terms of specific strength, specific modulus, heat resistance, and chemical stability, and are particularly useful for Aρ. It is useful as a composite reinforcing material when typical light metals are used as a matrix.
従来、この種のウィスカーを用いて繊維強化金属複合材
を製造するための効果的な手段として、加圧鋳造法が知
られている。加圧鋳造法は、第２図に示すように予め形
成されたウィスカー集合プリフォーム１を繊維骨格とし
て鋳型２の内部に配置し、これにマトリックス金属の溶
湯３を注入したのちプランジャー４で加圧しながらプリ
フォーム組織内部に含浸・凝固させて複合化するもので
あるが、この方法を採る場合の最も重要な操作上の条件
は、含浸過程を通じてマトリックス金属の溶湯状態を正
常に保持することである。含浸過程で溶湯が冷めてマト
リックス金属の凝固が起きると、プリフォーム組織への
円滑な浸透が阻害されて複合部の割れ、複合体の極端な
収縮変形、複合組織の不均質などの性状欠陥を与えるこ
とになる。Conventionally, a pressure casting method has been known as an effective means for manufacturing fiber-reinforced metal composite materials using this type of whiskers. In the pressure casting method, as shown in Fig. 2, a preformed whisker-aggregated preform 1 is placed inside a mold 2 as a fiber skeleton, and a molten matrix metal 3 is poured into the mold 2, which is then heated with a plunger 4. The material is impregnated into the preform structure while being pressed and solidified to form a composite.The most important operational condition when using this method is to maintain the molten state of the matrix metal normally throughout the impregnation process. be. When the molten metal cools during the impregnation process and solidification of the matrix metal occurs, smooth penetration into the preform structure is inhibited, resulting in property defects such as cracks in the composite part, extreme shrinkage deformation of the composite, and heterogeneity of the composite structure. will give.
また、これまでは含浸の円滑性を図るため、第２図に示
すようにウィスカープリフォームの上面および全側面か
ら矢印方向に沿って溶湯を浸透する方法がとられている
が、この全面浸透はプリフォーム組織内部に吸蔵されて
いるガス成分あるいは溶湯含浸時に生ずるある種の反応
に基づく成分偏析を複合体の中心部分に封じ込めてしま
う現象を招き、寧ろ組織上の欠陥をもたらす原因となる
。Additionally, in order to ensure smooth impregnation, the method used up until now has been to infiltrate the molten metal from the top and all sides of the whisker preform in the direction of the arrows, as shown in Figure 2. This leads to a phenomenon in which gas components occluded within the preform structure or component segregation due to certain reactions occurring during impregnation with molten metal are trapped in the center of the composite, causing defects in the structure.
出頼人は、上記の事項を考慮して、ウィスカーのプリフ
ォームを予熱した内挿金型にセットして鋳型内に挿着す
ることを要旨とする複合化方法をすでに提案した（特願
昭６０−２８１９８２号）。Taking the above matters into consideration, the author has already proposed a composite method in which the whisker preform is set in a preheated inserting mold and inserted into the mold (patent application No. 60-281982).
上記先願の復合化方法によれば、ウィスカーのプリフォ
ームが予熱された内挿金型にセットされた状態で溶湯含
浸がおこなわれるため含浸過程を通じ系内の保温が十分
に保たれるうえに、マトリックス金属の溶湯がウィスカ
ープリフォームの上面から一方向的に浸透してプリフォ
ーム組織内部に存在する吸蔵ガス成分および成分偏析の
因となる反応異物を底部に押しやることができ、全体と
して組織異常の少ない複合体が得られる効果がある。According to the decoupling method of the earlier application, impregnation with molten metal is carried out with the whisker preform set in a preheated insert mold, so that the temperature inside the system is sufficiently maintained throughout the impregnation process. , the molten matrix metal permeates unidirectionally from the top surface of the whisker preform, pushing the occluded gas components present inside the preform structure and reactive foreign substances that cause component segregation to the bottom, resulting in structural abnormalities as a whole. This has the effect of obtaining a complex with less.
ところが、この方法では底部に押しやった吸蔵ガス成分
および反応異物を完全に系外に排出することができず、
多くの場合層状に残留したまま底面で凝固する。したが
って、この異常組織部分の切除が必要となり、困難な加
工と寸法低下、形状変化などを伴なう問題点があった。However, with this method, it is not possible to completely discharge the occluded gas components and reactive foreign substances pushed to the bottom out of the system.
In many cases, it remains in a layer and solidifies at the bottom. Therefore, it is necessary to excise this abnormal tissue portion, which poses problems such as difficult processing, reduction in size, and change in shape.
本発明は、上記先願技術の問題点を改良する目的でなさ
れたもので、提供される繊維強化金属複合材の製造方法
は、ウィスカーのプリフォームを繊維骨格として鋳型内
に配置し、これにマトリックス金属の溶湯を注入して加
圧鋳造法により復合化するにあたり、前記ウィスカーの
プリフォームを予熱した内挿金型にセットして鋳型内に
挿着することによりマトリックス金属の溶湯をブリフ］
−−ムの上面から一方向的に圧入し、かつプリフォーム
の組織内に充填しながら流下する溶湯の一部を台座盤の
細孔を介して系外に圧出することを構成的特徴とする。The present invention has been made for the purpose of improving the problems of the prior art, and the provided method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced metal composite includes arranging a whisker preform as a fiber skeleton in a mold. When injecting the molten matrix metal and deconsolidating it by pressure casting, the whisker preform is set in a preheated insert mold and inserted into the mold to form the molten matrix metal.
--The structural feature is that the molten metal is unidirectionally press-fitted from the top surface of the system, and a part of the flowing molten metal is forced out of the system through the pores of the pedestal board while filling the structure of the preform. do.
以下、本発明を第１図の説明図に基づいて詳述する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the explanatory diagram of FIG.
まず、繊維骨格となるウィスカーのプリフォームｌを予
熱した内挿金型５にセットする。ウィスカーのプリフォ
ームは、Ｓ ｒｃ 、 Ｓ １３Ｎ４あるいは黒鉛など
の生成ウィスカーを解体したのち乾式あるいは湿式法で
賦形化した短繊維集合体で、内挿金型５の内面形状に合
った外形に形成される。内挿金を５は、例えば工具鋼の
上うな熱伝導性に優れる硬質金属で構成し、内面は円筒
、逆円錐あるいは凹凸）１／ｆ付など最終形状に沿うよ
うに形成され、外面は挿着時に鋳型２の内壁に密着する
よう一体あるいは割り型構造に設計加工されている。First, a whisker preform l that will become a fiber skeleton is set in a preheated insert mold 5. The whisker preform is an aggregate of short fibers formed by a dry or wet method after dismantling generated whiskers such as Src, S13N4, or graphite, and is formed into an outer shape that matches the inner shape of the insert mold 5. be done. The inner insert 5 is made of a hard metal with excellent thermal conductivity, such as tool steel, and the inner surface is formed to follow the final shape, such as a cylinder, an inverted cone, or a concave/convex surface (1/f), and the outer surface is made of a hard metal with excellent thermal conductivity, such as tool steel. It is designed and processed to have an integral or split mold structure so that it comes into close contact with the inner wall of the mold 2 when installed.
内挿金型５は鋳型２に入れる前に電気炉等をもちいて加
熱し、望ましくはマトリックス金属の融点以上に予熱さ
れる。セットするウィスカーのプリフォーム１ら同時に
予熱することが効果的で、このためにはウィスカーのプ
リフォームを内挿金型にセットした状態で予熱する方法
をとることが操作的に便宜である。Before inserting the insert mold 5 into the mold 2, it is heated using an electric furnace or the like, preferably to a temperature higher than the melting point of the matrix metal. It is effective to preheat the whisker preform 1 to be set at the same time, and for this purpose, it is operationally convenient to preheat the whisker preform 1 while it is set in the insert mold.
この際、内挿金型およびプリフォームの予熱温度を調節
することにより複合材の上下方向の収縮度合を制御する
ことが可能となるから、予め検量しておくことによって
繊維体積率（ｖｒ）を適宜に調節することができる。At this time, it is possible to control the degree of vertical shrinkage of the composite material by adjusting the preheating temperature of the insert mold and preform, so by weighing in advance, the fiber volume ratio (vr) can be controlled. It can be adjusted as appropriate.
ウィスカーのプリフォーム【をセットした内挿金型５は
、ついで鋳型２に配置した台座盤６の上部に挿着されろ
。台座盤６は、上下に貫通ずる複数個の細孔７を備え、
プレス底盤との間に溶湯溜めの空所８を形成する構造と
なっている。含浸過程を通じ鋳型は付属の加熱装置によ
り全体的に加熱される。The inner mold 5 in which the whisker preform is set is then inserted into the upper part of the pedestal board 6 placed in the mold 2. The pedestal board 6 is equipped with a plurality of pores 7 passing through the top and bottom,
It has a structure in which a cavity 8 for a molten metal reservoir is formed between the press bottom plate and the press bottom plate. Throughout the impregnation process, the mold is heated entirely by an attached heating device.
引続き鋳型内にマトリックス金属の溶湯３を注入し、上
部からプランジャー４で加圧する。加圧により溶湯３は
ウィスカープリフォーム１の上面のみから矢印方向に浸
透し、プリフォーム組織内を充填しながら流下して台座
盤６の細孔７がら空所８に圧出される。溶湯３が空所８
を充満したのち、所定の圧力を保持したままマトリック
ス金属を凝固する。Subsequently, a molten metal 3 of the matrix metal is poured into the mold and pressurized with a plunger 4 from above. Due to the pressurization, the molten metal 3 permeates only from the upper surface of the whisker preform 1 in the direction of the arrow, flows down while filling the preform structure, and is forced out into the cavity 8 through the pores 7 of the pedestal board 6. Molten metal 3 is empty space 8
After filling, the matrix metal is solidified while maintaining a predetermined pressure.
上記した製造方法によれば、マトリックス金属の溶湯が
ウィスカープリフォームの上面から一方向的に浸透して
プリフォーム組織内部に存在する吸蔵ガス成分および反
応異物を底部に押し下げ、最終的に細孔７から系外の空
所８に圧出する。この作用と内挿金型による十分な保温
作用とが相俟って組織異常のない複合状態を形成するた
めに有効機能する。According to the above-described manufacturing method, the molten metal of the matrix metal permeates in one direction from the top surface of the whisker preform, pushes the occluded gas components and reactive foreign substances present inside the preform structure down to the bottom, and finally ends up in the pores 7. It is forced out into the cavity 8 outside the system. This effect, together with the sufficient heat retention effect of the insert mold, function effectively to form a composite condition free of tissue abnormalities.
直径０．５〜１．５μ肩、長さ６０〜１００μ屑、密度
３ 、１８ ｇ／ａｍ３、結晶形β型の性状を有するＳ
ｉＣウィスカーを良く解してから純水に分散し、加圧が
過性により湿潤ウィスカーケーキを形成したのち加熱乾
燥して直径８０ＪＩＪ！、高さＬ ４０ ｆｆｘ。S having a diameter of 0.5 to 1.5μ, a length of 60 to 100μ, a density of 3.18 g/am3, and a β-type crystalline property.
After thoroughly dissolving the iC whiskers, they were dispersed in pure water, and a wet whisker cake was formed by excessive pressure, which was then heated and dried to form a cake with a diameter of 80 JIJ! , height L 40 ffx.
ｗＬ維棒体積率Ｖｒ）１５％の円柱形プリフォームを作
成した。A cylindrical preform with wL fiber volume ratio Vr) of 15% was created.
上記のＳｉＣウィスカーのプリフォームを内径８ＯＮＪ
Ｉ、外径１２０ＩＩＩ１１！、高さ１４０ｍｍの工具鋼
（ＳＫ材）製内挿金型に挿入してセットし、これを電気
炉に入れ７３０℃に予熱した。ついて予熱した内挿金型
を、３００℃の温度に保持されている鋳型（内径１２０
Ｒｍ）に設置した直径３Ｈの貫通細孔５個を有する底
部空洞形台座盤（高さｌ０ｘｉ）の上部に挿着した。The above SiC whisker preform has an inner diameter of 8ONJ.
I, outer diameter 120III11! It was inserted and set into a tool steel (SK material) inner mold with a height of 140 mm, and this was placed in an electric furnace and preheated to 730°C. The preheated inner mold was inserted into a mold (inner diameter 120°C) maintained at a temperature of 300°C.
It was inserted into the upper part of a hollow-bottom pedestal board (height l0xi) having five through-holes with a diameter of 3H installed at the center of the pedestal (Rm).
鋳型に湯温８５０°ＣのマトリックスＡＱ合金（ＪＩＳ
規格６０６１）の溶湯を注入し、上部から２ｆｆｊ！／
秒の速度でブランシアーを押し下げた。ブランシアーの
加圧は、プリフォーム組織内を流下した溶湯が台座盤の
細孔から圧出して空所を充満した状態から凝固するまで
ｌ ＯＯＯｋｇ／ｃｍ”に保持した。Matrix AQ alloy (JIS
Pour molten metal of standard 6061) from the top and pour 2ffj! /
It pushed Blancheer down at the speed of seconds. The pressurization of the bran shear was maintained at 1 OOO kg/cm'' until the molten metal flowing down within the preform structure was squeezed out from the pores of the pedestal and filled the voids until it solidified.
このようにして得られたＳｉＣウィスカー強化ＡＱ複合
材は、組織の割れ、亀裂等の欠陥はなく、底面に至るま
で成分偏析による異常組織部分は全く認められなかった
。The SiC whisker-reinforced AQ composite thus obtained had no defects such as cracks or cracks in the structure, and no abnormal structure due to component segregation was observed down to the bottom surface.
本複合材の含有ガス量をランズレ−法で測定したところ
０．６６ｃｃ／１００９で晋しく微量であり、また引張
り強さは４７ 、７ ｋｇ／ ｘｘ”と良好な複合化特
性を示した。When the amount of gas contained in this composite material was measured by the Lansley method, it was 0.66 cc/1009, which was a very small amount, and the tensile strength was 47.7 kg/xx'', indicating good composite properties.
本発明によれば、加圧鋳造時の含浸過程における正常な
溶湯状態の保持、プリフォーム上面からの一方向浸透お
よび吸蔵ガス成分と反応異物の系外圧出の作用が相乗的
に働いて、先願技術より一層優れた偏析異常のない均質
性状の複合組織を得ることができる。したがって、ウィ
スカーを強化材とする高性能の繊維強化金属複合材を製
造する量産技術としての価値が大である。According to the present invention, the functions of maintaining a normal molten metal state during the impregnation process during pressure casting, unidirectional permeation from the upper surface of the preform, and pressing out of the system of occluded gas components and reactive foreign substances work synergistically to It is possible to obtain a homogeneous composite structure with no segregation abnormalities, which is even better than the proposed technique. Therefore, it is of great value as a mass production technology for manufacturing high-performance fiber-reinforced metal composites using whiskers as reinforcing materials.
第１図は本発明方法を説明するための装置断面図、第２
図は従来の加圧鋳造法を説明するための装置断面図であ
る。
ｌ・・・ウィスカーのプリフォーム、２・・・鋳型、３
・・マトリックス金属の溶湯、４・・・ブランシアー、
５・・内挿金型、 ６・・・台座盤、 ７・・・細孔、
８・・・空所。
第１ＥＩ
第２刃Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the device for explaining the method of the present invention;
The figure is a sectional view of an apparatus for explaining a conventional pressure casting method. l... Whisker preform, 2... Mold, 3
... Molten matrix metal, 4... Blancheer,
5... Insertion mold, 6... Pedestal board, 7... Pore,
8... Blank space. 1st EI 2nd blade
Claims (1)
置し、これにマトリックス金属の溶湯を注入して加圧鋳
造法により複合化するにあたり、前記ウィスカーのプリ
フォームを予熱した内挿金型にセットして鋳型内に挿着
することによりマトリックス金属の溶湯をプリフォーム
の上面から一方向的に圧入し、かつプリフォームの組織
内を充填しながら流下する溶湯の一部を台座盤の細孔を
介して系外に圧出することを特徴とする繊維強化金属複
合材の製造方法。A whisker preform is placed in a mold as a fiber skeleton, and molten matrix metal is injected into the mold to form a composite by pressure casting.The whisker preform is set in a preheated insert mold. By inserting the matrix metal into the mold, the molten metal is unidirectionally pressed into the preform from the top surface, and part of the molten metal that flows down while filling the structure of the preform is passed through the pores of the base plate. A method for producing a fiber-reinforced metal composite material, characterized by extruding it out of the system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8019086A JPH0636977B2 (en) | 1986-04-09 | 1986-04-09 | Method for producing fiber-reinforced metal composite material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8019086A JPH0636977B2 (en) | 1986-04-09 | 1986-04-09 | Method for producing fiber-reinforced metal composite material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62238062A true JPS62238062A (en) | 1987-10-19 |
| JPH0636977B2 JPH0636977B2 (en) | 1994-05-18 |
Family
ID=13711457
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8019086A Expired - Lifetime JPH0636977B2 (en) | 1986-04-09 | 1986-04-09 | Method for producing fiber-reinforced metal composite material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0636977B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4977947A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-12-18 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method and a device for homogenizing the intimate structure of metals and alloys cast under pressure |
| US8807199B2 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2014-08-19 | Composite Metal Technology Ltd. | Liquid pressure forming |
-
1986
- 1986-04-09 JP JP8019086A patent/JPH0636977B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4977947A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-12-18 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method and a device for homogenizing the intimate structure of metals and alloys cast under pressure |
| US8807199B2 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2014-08-19 | Composite Metal Technology Ltd. | Liquid pressure forming |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0636977B2 (en) | 1994-05-18 |
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