JPS62237589A - Binary-coding device - Google Patents

Binary-coding device

Info

Publication number
JPS62237589A
JPS62237589A JP61080197A JP8019786A JPS62237589A JP S62237589 A JPS62237589 A JP S62237589A JP 61080197 A JP61080197 A JP 61080197A JP 8019786 A JP8019786 A JP 8019786A JP S62237589 A JPS62237589 A JP S62237589A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
value
minimum
maximum
window
background
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP61080197A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH058474B2 (en
Inventor
Yasuo Hongo
本郷 保夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP61080197A priority Critical patent/JPS62237589A/en
Publication of JPS62237589A publication Critical patent/JPS62237589A/en
Publication of JPH058474B2 publication Critical patent/JPH058474B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an optimum threshold by detecting the minimum (maximum) value in a moving window by a minimum (maximum) value detecting means and determining a background density value on an aiming position based on a difference between the detected value and the preceding background density value. CONSTITUTION:A binary-coded threshold generating circuit 6 extracts the change of a minimum (maximum) value based on the movement of the window, determines whether the influence of a shadow, halation or the line width of a character exists or not based on the size of the change and estimates the background density value at an aiming picture element to determine the binary- coded threshold TH. Since the background value is stored and estimated with a short interval in accordance with the movement of the window, the binary- coded threshold TH can be determined without directly exerting the influence of shadows or halation upon the window position even if the minimum (maximum) value is locally different from the background density value.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、光学式文字読取装置(OC[t)等の文字
図形入力装置に用いられる2値化装置に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a binarization device used in a character/graphic input device such as an optical character reader (OC[t).

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

この種の2値化装置として、出願人は既に第4図に示す
如きもの(以下、単に提案済装置とも云う。)を提案し
ている(特願昭60−1580312号)。同図におい
て、1はテレビカメラの如き撮像装置、2は増幅回路、
6はアナログ/ディジタル(A/D)変換器、4は所定
ビット数のシフトレジスタを所定段数積み重ねて構成さ
れる公知の二次元局部メモリ、5は移動ウィンドウ内の
度最小(最大)値検出回路、7はコンパレータ、9は加
算(減算)回路、10は可変補正値発生回路である、。
As this type of binarization device, the applicant has already proposed the one shown in FIG. 4 (hereinafter simply referred to as the proposed device) (Japanese Patent Application No. 1580312/1982). In the figure, 1 is an imaging device such as a television camera, 2 is an amplifier circuit,
6 is an analog/digital (A/D) converter, 4 is a known two-dimensional local memory configured by stacking a predetermined number of stages of shift registers each having a predetermined number of bits, and 5 is a minimum (maximum) value detection circuit within a moving window. , 7 is a comparator, 9 is an addition (subtraction) circuit, and 10 is a variable correction value generation circuit.

撮像装置1は文字等の線図形を背景とへもに撮像し、増
1も)回路2ばそのビデオ信号Viを増幅する。ビデオ
信号Viの濃淡レベルは、A/D変換器3により例えば
6〜8ビツトのディジタル量(濃度値)Bに変換される
。この濃度値BはnXnの二次元局部メモリ4へ順次シ
フトされ、これによって[Xfiの移動ウィンドウが形
成される。第5図は例えば6×5の移動ウィンドウを形
成するだめの二次元局部メモリのr4成を示し、と〜で
はb22が中心画素(着目17!1i素)である。最小
(最大)値検出回路5は、第5図の如き移動ウィンドウ
内濃度の最小(最大)値す、?il−検出する。加算(
減算)回路9はこの最小(最大)値と、可変補正値発生
回路10かもの補正量とを加算(減算)することにより
、移動ウィンドウにおける最適2値化しきい&iTHを
決定し、これと移動ウィンドウ内中心・画素(着目画素
)′9の濃度とをコンパレータ57にて比較することに
より、2領化が行々Y)れる1、移動ウィンドウは通常
のテレビカメラと同様の走査を行なうので、中心画系毎
1/’C2値化が行なわれること(/Cなる。
An image pickup device 1 images line figures such as characters and the background, and an amplification circuit 2 amplifies the video signal Vi. The gray level of the video signal Vi is converted by the A/D converter 3 into a digital amount (density value) B of, for example, 6 to 8 bits. This density value B is sequentially shifted to the nXn two-dimensional local memory 4, thereby forming a moving window of [Xfi. FIG. 5 shows the r4 configuration of a two-dimensional local memory for forming, for example, a 6×5 moving window, where b22 is the central pixel (target 17!1i element). The minimum (maximum) value detection circuit 5 detects the minimum (maximum) value of the density within the moving window as shown in FIG. il-detect. Addition (
The subtraction) circuit 9 determines the optimal binarization threshold &iTH in the moving window by adding (subtracting) this minimum (maximum) value and the correction amount of the variable correction value generation circuit 10, and then determines the optimal binarization threshold &iTH in the moving window. By comparing the density of the inner center pixel (pixel of interest) '9 with the density of the pixel '9, the comparator 57 divides the area into two areas. 1/'C binarization is performed for each image system (/C).

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

つまり、提案済装置は、線図形の背景+/ベノ1.の変
動を検出するために所定サイズの移動ウィンドウを形成
し、このウィンドウ内の最小(最大)値を着目画素近傍
の背景l/ベルとするものであるが、この装置には次の
ような問題がメZ)。
In other words, the proposed device is based on the line figure background +/beno1. A moving window of a predetermined size is formed in order to detect fluctuations in the pixel of interest, and the minimum (maximum) value within this window is taken as the background l/bell near the pixel of interest. However, this device has the following problems. Game Z).

イ)ウィンドウサイズが小さいと、このウィンドウ内に
背景画素が含まれないことがある。換言すれば、文字線
幅がウィンドウサイズ゛より大きいと、2値化しきい値
が決められないかまたは誤−)た値が得られるため、い
わゆる′”孔(ボ・イド)′″が発生する。また、ノ・
レーションやシャドウにより、正確な背景レベルが求め
られないことがわり得る。
b) If the window size is small, background pixels may not be included within this window. In other words, if the character line width is larger than the window size, the binarization threshold cannot be determined or an incorrect value will be obtained, resulting in so-called ``voids''. . Also, no.
rations and shadows may mean that an accurate background level is not required.

口)一方、ウィンドウサイズが大きいと、その中にシャ
ドウやハレーション部分が含まれ、最適なしきい値が決
められなくなることがある。また、この場合は二次元局
部メモリおよび最小(最大)値検出回路として容量の大
きなものが必要になると云う問題もある。
On the other hand, if the window size is large, shadows and halation may be included, making it difficult to determine the optimal threshold. Further, in this case, there is a problem in that a large capacity two-dimensional local memory and minimum (maximum) value detection circuit are required.

以北の点について、もう少し具体的に説明する。I will explain the points to the north in more detail.

第6図は成る文字をテレビカメラで撮像した場合の有効
画面を説明するための説明図、第7図は文字が白く背景
が黒い場合(白文字の場合)のビデオ信号の例を示す波
形図、第8図は文字が黒く背景が白い場合(黒文字の場
合)のビデオ信号の例を示す波形図である。
Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram to explain the effective screen when the characters consisting of are captured by a television camera, and Figure 7 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a video signal when the characters are white and the background is black (in the case of white characters). , FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a video signal when the characters are black and the background is white (black characters).

第6図に示されるように、撮像装置の有効画面Pは文字
が存在する文字領域Rsと、文字の存在しない領域RN
とに分けられ、めt取対象文字CHは同じ背景BK内に
仔在するため、ディジタル面位は文字tI!jl索と背
Jj(、ii−とで構成される。したがって、着目画素
を中心1/cシて移1助ウィンドウWを発生させ、これ
をそのスキャンニング方向Xへ移動させることにより、
j−述の如く2値化しきい値を求めることができる。つ
まり、白文字の場合はウィンドウ内の最小値が背景レベ
ルとなるが、提案済装置にて以上の如く決定される2値
化しきい値は第7図に点1til T H1で示すよう
に、例えば刻印文字におけるシャドウ部分SHによる影
at受ける一方、黒文字の場合はウィンドウ内の最大値
が背景レベルとなるが、その2値化しきい値は第8図に
点線TH2で示すように、例えばハレーションH[(等
による°影響を受けることになる。なお・、第4図の最
小(最大)値検出回路5および加算(減算)回路9に云
う最小、最大および加算、減算はそれぞれ上記白文字、
黒文字の場合に対応し、白文字の場合は回路5,9はそ
ねぞわ、ゴー・↓小値検出回路、加算回路でbす、黒文
字の場合は最大値検出回路、減算回路と云うわけである
As shown in FIG. 6, the effective screen P of the imaging device has a character region Rs where characters exist and a region RN where no characters exist.
Since the target character CH exists within the same background BK, the digital face position is the character tI! It is composed of jl and dorsal Jj (, ii-. Therefore, by moving the pixel of interest to the center 1/c and generating an auxiliary window W, and moving it in the scanning direction X,
The binarization threshold can be determined as described above. In other words, in the case of white text, the minimum value within the window becomes the background level, but the binarization threshold determined as above in the proposed device is as shown by the point 1til T H1 in FIG. 7, for example. While the engraved characters are affected by the shadow portion SH, in the case of black characters, the maximum value within the window becomes the background level, and its binarization threshold is, for example, due to halation H [ Note that the minimum (maximum) value detection circuit 5 and the addition (subtraction) circuit 9 in FIG.
Corresponding to the case of black characters, in the case of white characters, circuits 5 and 9 are the small value detection circuit and addition circuit, and in the case of black characters, they are the maximum value detection circuit and subtraction circuit. It is.

しだがって、この発明はハレーションやシャドウの影響
が少なく、かつウィンドウサイズが文字線幅よりも小さ
いことがある場合にも対処することが可能な2値化装置
を提供することを目的とする。
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a binarization device that is less affected by halation and shadows and can handle cases where the window size is sometimes smaller than the character line width. .

〔問題点を解決するだめの手段〕[Failure to solve the problem]

文字を含む線図形をその背景と〜もにラスタ走査し画素
化して得られる各画素の濃淡レベルをそれと対応するデ
ィジタル量(濃度値)に変換する変換手段と、各画素の
濃度値を走査の都度更新しながら記憶し着目画素とその
周辺画素からなる所定大きさの移動ウィンドウを形成す
るウィンドウ形成手段と、着目画素を含むこの移動ウィ
ンドウ内濃度値の最小(最大)値を検出する検出手段と
、背景濃度値をその所定数(N)没前の値まで記憶する
シフトレジスタと、着目位置における濃度の最小(最大
)値とN段前の背景濃度値との偏差値から推定偏差値を
求める非線形変換テーブルと、この推定偏差値にN段前
の背景濃度値を加算する加算手段と、文字領域ではこの
加算手段の背景濃度値をまた文字の存在しない領域では
上記最小(最大)値をそれぞれ選択する選択手段と、こ
の選択手段からの出力にもとづいて2値化しきい値を決
定する決定手段とを設ける。
A conversion means that converts the gray level of each pixel obtained by raster scanning a line figure including a character along with its background and converting it into pixels into a corresponding digital quantity (density value); a window forming means for forming a moving window of a predetermined size consisting of a pixel of interest and its surrounding pixels by storing it while updating it each time; and a detecting means for detecting the minimum (maximum) value of the density value within this moving window including the pixel of interest. , calculate the estimated deviation value from the shift register that stores background density values up to a predetermined number (N) of previous values, and the deviation value between the minimum (maximum) density value at the position of interest and the background density value N steps before. A non-linear conversion table, an addition means for adding the background density value of the previous N steps to this estimated deviation value, and the background density value of this addition means in the character area and the above minimum (maximum) value in the area where no characters exist. A selection means for making a selection and a determination means for determining a binarization threshold based on the output from the selection means are provided.

〔作用〕[Effect]

上記最小(最大)値検出手段により移動ウィンドウ内の
最小(最大)値を検出し、これとそれ以前の背景a度値
との差の値により、着目位置での背景濃度値を決定する
ことによってシャドウや・・レーションの影響を抑制し
、しかもウィンドウ内に背景画素がない場合でも、いわ
ゆる”孔”を発イし 生させないようにして最適な2値しきい値を得よ△ つとするものである。
By detecting the minimum (maximum) value within the moving window by the minimum (maximum) value detection means, and determining the background density value at the position of interest based on the difference between this and the previous background a degree value. The objective is to obtain an optimal binary threshold by suppressing the effects of shadows and rations, and by preventing so-called "holes" from occurring even when there are no background pixels within the window. be.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第1図はこの発明の実地例を示す構成図である。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a practical example of this invention.

同図からも明らかなように、この実施例は検出回路5か
らの最小(最大)値信号と、領域信号発生回路8からの
文字が存在する領域でおることを示す領域信号sRとか
ら2値化しきい値THを決定するしきい個発生回路6を
設けた点が特徴であり、その他は第4図と同様である。
As is clear from the same figure, this embodiment has a binary value based on the minimum (maximum) value signal from the detection circuit 5 and the area signal sR from the area signal generation circuit 8 indicating that the character is in the area. This embodiment is characterized by the provision of a threshold generation circuit 6 for determining the threshold value TH, and other features are the same as in FIG.

この2値化しきい個発生回路6は、ウィンドウの移動に
よる最小(最大)値の変化を抽出し、変化量の大小に:
リシャドウやハレーションまたは文字の緑幅の影響があ
るかを決めて、着目画素での背景濃度値を推定し、2値
化しきい値THを決定する。このように、ウィンドウの
移動とともに背景濃度値を短期的に記憶して推定するよ
うにしているので、局所的に最小(最大)値が背景濃度
値と異なるウィンドウ位置でも、シャドウやハレーショ
ンなどの影響を直接受けることなく2値化しきい値TH
を決めることができる。そして、この2値化しきい値T
Hとウィンドウ内の中心位置の濃度値す。とをコンパレ
ータ7によって比較し、2値化信号SDを出力する。
This binarization threshold generation circuit 6 extracts the change in the minimum (maximum) value due to window movement, and calculates the amount of change as follows:
It is determined whether there is an influence of reshadowing, halation, or green width of characters, the background density value at the pixel of interest is estimated, and the binarization threshold TH is determined. In this way, as the window moves, the background density value is stored and estimated in the short term, so even if the window position has a local minimum (maximum) value that differs from the background density value, effects such as shadows and halation can be avoided. Binarization threshold TH without directly receiving
can be determined. And this binarization threshold T
H and the density value at the center position within the window. A comparator 7 compares the two signals with each other and outputs a binary signal SD.

2値化しきい個発生回路の詳細ブロック図を、第2図に
示す。なお、同図において、61は減算器、62は非線
形変換テーブル、66は加算器、64はシフトレジスタ
、65はセレクタ、66は2値化しきい直変換テーブル
である。
A detailed block diagram of the binarization threshold generation circuit is shown in FIG. In the figure, 61 is a subtracter, 62 is a nonlinear conversion table, 66 is an adder, 64 is a shift register, 65 is a selector, and 66 is a binarization threshold direct conversion table.

すなわち、最小(最大)値は減算器61に俟えられ、こ
〜でシフトレジスタ64に記憶されているN段前の背景
濃度値DBNとの差が演算される。
That is, the minimum (maximum) value is received by the subtracter 61, and the difference between it and the background density value DBN stored in the shift register 64 N stages before is calculated.

その偏差値は非線形変換テーブル62により推定偏差値
に変換され、これは加算器63によりN段前の一1!i
′景m度値DRにと加算される。加算器63から出力さ
れる推定背景濃度値は、文字領域信号SRにより着目画
素が文字領域であれば、これがセレクタ65で選択され
る。もし、文字領域で々ければ、最小(最大)値がその
まま選択される。
The deviation value is converted into an estimated deviation value by a non-linear conversion table 62, and this is converted into an estimated deviation value by an adder 63 from 11! i
' is added to the scenery m degree value DR. The estimated background density value output from the adder 63 is selected by the selector 65 if the pixel of interest is in a character area according to the character area signal SR. If there is a difference in the character area, the minimum (maximum) value is selected as is.

セレクタ65の出力背景濃度値DBはシフトレジスタ6
4で所定段数(N段)分記憶される。また、その背景濃
度値DBは変換テーブル66により2値化信号sDに変
換されて、コンパレータ7へ供給される。
The output background density value DB of the selector 65 is stored in the shift register 6.
4, a predetermined number of stages (N stages) are stored. Further, the background density value DB is converted into a binary signal sD by a conversion table 66 and supplied to the comparator 7.

ことで、N段前の背景濃度値と最小(#を大)値との差
を推定偏差値に変換する非線形変換テーブル62の特性
例を第6図に示す。この変換テーブルは線形な範囲■で
は最小(最大)値を背景濃度値とし、■の領域では成る
一定の変化しか許容せず、また[相]の領域ではN段前
の背景濃度値をそのまま使用するために、その出力値が
ゼロとなるようにしている。
FIG. 6 shows an example of the characteristics of the nonlinear conversion table 62 that converts the difference between the background density value N steps before and the minimum (# is large) value into an estimated deviation value. This conversion table uses the minimum (maximum) value as the background density value in the linear range ■, allows only a certain change in the area ■, and uses the background density value N steps before in the [phase] area as is. In order to do this, the output value is set to zero.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

との発明によれば、移動ウィンドウ内の最小(最大)値
を検出する手段を有するので、線図形などの背景濃度値
を検出することとなり、シェーディングなどの背景濃度
値の変動を抽出でき、またシフトレジスタを設けて最小
(!&大)呟の変化を検出することによりシャドウやノ
・レーション、またはウィンドウ内に背景!11il索
がない場合でも、以前の推定背景濃度値を基準にして着
目位置での背景濃度値を決定することかできる。その結
果、外乱の影響を少なくすることができ、文字を忠実に
表現した、孔(ボイド)のない鮮明な2値画像を得るこ
とができる利点がもたらされる。
According to the invention, since there is a means for detecting the minimum (maximum) value within a moving window, background density values such as line figures are detected, and fluctuations in background density values such as shading can be extracted. By providing a shift register to detect the smallest (!&largest) changes in shadows, no-rations, or backgrounds within windows! Even if there is no 11il search, the background density value at the position of interest can be determined based on the previous estimated background density value. As a result, it is possible to reduce the influence of external disturbances, and it is possible to obtain a clear binary image without holes (voids) that faithfully represents characters.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図はこの発明の実施例を示す構成図、第2図は第1
図に示されるしきい値発生回路の具体例を示すブロック
図、第6図は第2図に示される非線形変換テーブルの特
性を示すグラフ、第4図は提案済装置を示す構成図、第
5図は二次元局部メモリの構成を説明するための説明図
、第6図は成る文字を撮像した場合の有効画面を説明す
るだめの説明図、第7図は白文字の場合のビデオ信号を
示す波形図、第8図は黒文字の場合のビデオ信号を示す
波形図である。 符号説明 1・・・・・・撮像装置(テレビカメラ)、2・・・・
・・増幅回路、ろ・−・・・・A/D変換器、4・・・
・・・二次元局部メモリ、5・・・・・・最小(最大)
値検出回路、6・・・・・・しきい値発生回路、7・・
・・・・コンパレータ、8・・・・・・領域信号発生回
路、9・・・・・・加算(減算)回路、10・・・・・
・可変補正値発生回路、61・・・・・・減算器、62
・・・・・・非綜形変換テーブル、63・・・・・・加
算器、64・・・・・・シフトレジスタ、65・・・・
・・ゼレクタ、66・・・・・・しきい値変換テーブル
。 代理人 弁理士 並 木 昭 夫 代理人 弁理−1= 松 崎    清冨 1 ? テ 2 z 虜3 ミ 雰 4 g 冨 5 Z
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of this invention, and FIG.
6 is a graph showing the characteristics of the nonlinear conversion table shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the proposed device, and FIG. The figure is an explanatory diagram to explain the configuration of the two-dimensional local memory, Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram to explain the effective screen when a character is captured, and Figure 7 is a video signal for a white character. Waveform diagram FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing a video signal in the case of black characters. Code explanation 1... Imaging device (TV camera), 2...
・・Amplifier circuit, ro・・・・A/D converter, 4...
...Two-dimensional local memory, 5...Minimum (maximum)
Value detection circuit, 6... Threshold generation circuit, 7...
... Comparator, 8 ... Area signal generation circuit, 9 ... Addition (subtraction) circuit, 10 ...
・Variable correction value generation circuit, 61...Subtractor, 62
......Non-combined conversion table, 63...Adder, 64...Shift register, 65...
...Zelector, 66...Threshold conversion table. Agent Patent Attorney Akio Namiki Agent Patent Attorney -1 = Kiyotomi Matsuzaki 1? Te 2 z Prisoner 3 Mi atmosphere 4 g Tomi 5 Z

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 文字を含む線図形をその背景とゝもにラスタ走査し画素
化して得られる各画素の濃淡レベルをそれと対応するデ
ィジタル量(濃度値)に変換する変換手段と、 各画素の濃度値を前記走査毎に順次更新しながら記憶し
着目画素とその周辺画素からなる所定大きさの移動ウィ
ンドウを形成するウィンドウ形成手段と、 着目画素を含む該移動ウィンドウ内濃度値の最小(最大
)値を検出する検出手段と、 背景濃度値をその所定数段前の値まで記憶するシフトレ
ジスタと、 着目位置における濃度の最小(最大)値と所定数段前の
背景濃度値との偏差値から推定偏差値を求める非線形変
換テーブルと、 該推定偏差値に所定数段前の背景濃度値を加算する加算
手段と、 文字領域では該加算手段の背景濃度値を、また文字の存
在しない領域では前記最小(最大)値をそれぞれ選択す
る選択手段と、 該選択手段からの出力にもとづいて2値化しきい値を決
定する決定手段と、 を有してなることを特徴とする2値化装置。
[Scope of Claims] Conversion means for converting the gray level of each pixel obtained by raster scanning and pixelizing a line figure including a character along with its background into a corresponding digital quantity (density value); window forming means for storing density values while updating them sequentially for each scan to form a moving window of a predetermined size consisting of a pixel of interest and its surrounding pixels; ) value, a shift register that stores background density values up to a predetermined number of steps before the background density value, and a deviation value between the minimum (maximum) value of density at the position of interest and the background density value of a predetermined number of steps before. a non-linear conversion table for calculating an estimated deviation value from a non-linear conversion table; an addition means for adding a background density value of a predetermined number of steps before the estimated deviation value; A binarization device comprising: selection means for selecting each of the minimum (maximum) values; and determination means for determining a binarization threshold based on the output from the selection means.
JP61080197A 1986-04-09 1986-04-09 Binary-coding device Granted JPS62237589A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61080197A JPS62237589A (en) 1986-04-09 1986-04-09 Binary-coding device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61080197A JPS62237589A (en) 1986-04-09 1986-04-09 Binary-coding device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62237589A true JPS62237589A (en) 1987-10-17
JPH058474B2 JPH058474B2 (en) 1993-02-02

Family

ID=13711657

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61080197A Granted JPS62237589A (en) 1986-04-09 1986-04-09 Binary-coding device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62237589A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0531923A2 (en) * 1991-09-10 1993-03-17 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for gray-level quantization

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0531923A2 (en) * 1991-09-10 1993-03-17 Eastman Kodak Company Method and apparatus for gray-level quantization
EP0531923A3 (en) * 1991-09-10 1994-10-12 Eastman Kodak Co Method and apparatus for gray-level quantization.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH058474B2 (en) 1993-02-02

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