JPS62228648A - Piston ring - Google Patents
Piston ringInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62228648A JPS62228648A JP6981486A JP6981486A JPS62228648A JP S62228648 A JPS62228648 A JP S62228648A JP 6981486 A JP6981486 A JP 6981486A JP 6981486 A JP6981486 A JP 6981486A JP S62228648 A JPS62228648 A JP S62228648A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piston ring
- chromium
- film layer
- base material
- nitrogen gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;chromium Chemical compound N.[Cr] SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- -1 chrome nitride Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010040844 Skin exfoliation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005546 reactive sputtering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
この発明は、耐摩耗性に優れた皮膜を有する内燃機関用
ピストンリングに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a piston ring for an internal combustion engine having a coating with excellent wear resistance.
（従来技術と問題点）
内燃機関のピストンリングは、ピストンの上昇下降の過
程において、リング溝内で軸方向、半径方向、および円
周方向の運動を行う。ピストンリングの上下面は、リン
グ溝の上下面との間で絶えず摺動を繰返し、摩耗する。(Prior Art and Problems) The piston ring of an internal combustion engine performs axial, radial, and circumferential movements within the ring groove during the upward and downward movement of the piston. The upper and lower surfaces of the piston ring constantly slide against the upper and lower surfaces of the ring groove, causing wear.
近年、エンジンの高出力化などの高性能化に伴い、ピス
トンリングに要求される条件はますます過酷なものとな
っている。有鉛ガソリンを使用するエンジンでは、燃焼
により硬質の鉛化合物が生成され、ディーゼルエンジン
では、カーボンなどの残渣が生成される。これらの生成
物がリング溝内に堆積し、この堆積物がリング上下面の
摩耗を促進する。In recent years, as engines have improved in performance such as higher output, the conditions required of piston rings have become increasingly severe. Engines that use leaded gasoline produce hard lead compounds upon combustion, and diesel engines produce residue such as carbon. These products accumulate within the ring groove, and this deposit accelerates wear on the upper and lower surfaces of the ring.
従来、リング上下面の摩耗を防止するために、硬質クロ
ムめっきを施したものが提案されているが、クロムめっ
きはリング上下面に均一な厚さでかつ平坦なめっき層を
形成することは難しく、めっき後に仕上げ加工を施す必
要がある。また、クロムめっき層の硬度はｉ（ｍｖ８０
０〜１０００程度であり、耐摩耗性が十分でない場合が
あり、さらに優れた耐摩耗性を有するピストンリングが
望まれている。Conventionally, hard chrome plating has been proposed to prevent wear on the top and bottom surfaces of rings, but it is difficult to form chrome plating layers with uniform thickness and flatness on the top and bottom surfaces of rings. , it is necessary to perform finishing processing after plating. In addition, the hardness of the chromium plating layer is i (mv80
0 to about 1000, and the wear resistance may not be sufficient in some cases, and a piston ring having even better wear resistance is desired.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
この発明は、第１図に示すように、ピストンリングの少
なくとも上下摺動面に、金属クロムと窒化クロムからな
る複合皮膜層を形成し、該複合皮膜層が、ピストンリン
グ母材表面から複合皮膜層表面に向かって、窒化クロム
の比率が段階的あるいは連続的に増大しているピストン
リングを提供することで、上記のような問題点を解決し
ている。(Means for Solving the Problems) As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention forms a composite film layer consisting of metallic chromium and chromium nitride on at least the upper and lower sliding surfaces of a piston ring, and the composite film layer However, the above problems are solved by providing a piston ring in which the ratio of chromium nitride increases stepwise or continuously from the piston ring base material surface to the composite coating layer surface. .
（作用）
本発明ピストンリングの複合皮膜層は、窒素ガスの存在
する減圧雰囲気中で、クロムをターゲツト材として、ス
パッタリングを行うことによって得ることができる。ス
パッタリング法は、イオンブレーティング法に比べて膜
厚の制御がやり易く、しかも均一な膜厚が得られるなど
の利点がある。(Function) The composite film layer of the piston ring of the present invention can be obtained by sputtering using chromium as a target material in a reduced pressure atmosphere in the presence of nitrogen gas. The sputtering method has the advantage that the film thickness can be easily controlled and a uniform film thickness can be obtained compared to the ion blating method.
窒素ガス雰囲気中で、金属クロムをターゲット材にして
スパッタリングを行うと、ターゲツト材のクロムは原子
状になり、クロム原子の一部は窒素と反応して窒化クロ
ムとなる。本発明のような、金属クロムと窒化クロムの
複合層は、真空容器内の窒素ガスの分圧を適当に選んで
形成することができる。窒化クロムの皮膜は、硬質で耐
摩耗性に優れているが柔軟性に欠け、また、熱膨張率も
ピストンリング母材と異なるため、運転中に剥離を生ず
る恐れがある。金属クロムの皮膜は、硬度は低いが熱膨
張率がピストンリング母材に近く、熱応力の影響を受け
にくいため、密着性は良く、しかも柔軟性にも富むため
、窒化クロムと適当に混合していると剥離防止に効果が
ある。また、真空容器内に窒素ガスを導入する前にスパ
ッタリングを行うと、ピストンリング母材に純金属クロ
ム膜の下地層が形成される。下地層が所定の厚さになっ
たところで徐々に窒素ガスを導入してスパッタリングを
続けると、クロムの一部は窒化クロムに転換する。この
ようにすると、ピストンリングの母材に近い方は、密着
性の良い金属クロムが形成され、摺動面に近い方は耐摩
耗性に優れている窒化クロムが多くなる。また、複合皮
膜層内の窒化クロムの量は連続的に増加するので、金属
クロム層との間での剥離が防止できる。When sputtering is performed using metallic chromium as a target material in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the chromium of the target material becomes atomic, and some of the chromium atoms react with nitrogen to become chromium nitride. A composite layer of metallic chromium and chromium nitride as in the present invention can be formed by appropriately selecting the partial pressure of nitrogen gas in the vacuum container. Although the chromium nitride film is hard and has excellent wear resistance, it lacks flexibility and also has a coefficient of thermal expansion different from that of the piston ring base material, so there is a risk of peeling during operation. The metallic chromium film has a low hardness, but its coefficient of thermal expansion is close to that of the piston ring base material, making it less susceptible to thermal stress.It has good adhesion and is also highly flexible, so it can be mixed with chromium nitride appropriately. It is effective in preventing peeling. Furthermore, if sputtering is performed before introducing nitrogen gas into the vacuum vessel, a base layer of pure metal chromium is formed on the piston ring base material. When the underlayer reaches a predetermined thickness, nitrogen gas is gradually introduced and sputtering is continued to convert some of the chromium to chromium nitride. In this way, metal chromium with good adhesion is formed near the base material of the piston ring, and chromium nitride, which has excellent wear resistance, increases on the side near the sliding surface. Furthermore, since the amount of chromium nitride in the composite film layer increases continuously, peeling from the metal chromium layer can be prevented.
第１表に、母材温度を４００℃とし、種々の窒素ガス分
圧でスパッタリングを行ったとき、形成される皮膜の組
織と硬度の関係を示した。Table 1 shows the relationship between the structure and hardness of the film formed when sputtering was performed at a base material temperature of 400°C and various nitrogen gas partial pressures.
［第１表］
窒素ガスの分圧が低いときは転換の割合は少なく、窒素
ガス分圧が次第に高くなるにつれて、金属クロムの代り
に単体の窒化クロムが増加し、硬度も大きくなることが
わかる。[Table 1] It can be seen that when the partial pressure of nitrogen gas is low, the conversion rate is small, and as the partial pressure of nitrogen gas gradually increases, elemental chromium nitride increases instead of metallic chromium, and the hardness also increases. .
（実施例）
本発明に使用したマグネトロン型ハイレートスパッタリ
ング装置の概要を第２図に示す。(Example) FIG. 2 shows an outline of the magnetron type high rate sputtering apparatus used in the present invention.
母材１を母材保持具２で保持し、ヒーター３で母材１を
所定の温度に加熱する。母材１の上方には、ターゲット
源の金属５が設置しである。真空容器４の側壁には、窒
素ガス供給口９とプラズマ用アルゴンガスの導入管８が
設けである。真空容器４内は１図示しない真空ポンプに
より減圧されるようになっている。A base material 1 is held by a base material holder 2, and a heater 3 heats the base material 1 to a predetermined temperature. A target source metal 5 is installed above the base material 1. A nitrogen gas supply port 9 and a plasma argon gas introduction pipe 8 are provided on the side wall of the vacuum container 4. The pressure inside the vacuum container 4 is reduced by a vacuum pump (not shown).
真空容器４内にアルゴンガスを導入し１×１０”−”ｔ
ｏｒｒ程度に減圧してボンバードにより、母材１の表面
のクリーニングを行う。つぎに、アルゴンガスを導入し
ｌＸｌ０−３ｔｏｒｒ程度に減圧して、スパッタリン
グを開始する。次に、窒素ガス供給口９より窒素ガスを
徐々に導入し、スパッタリングを続ける。スパッタリン
グされたターゲット源の金属５は、容器内の窒素と一部
反応して、母材１に金属窒化物の複合皮膜を形成する。Argon gas was introduced into the vacuum container 4 and the temperature was 1×10"-"t.
The surface of the base material 1 is cleaned by bombardment under a reduced pressure of about 1.5 to 2.0 m. Next, argon gas is introduced, the pressure is reduced to about 1X10-3 torr, and sputtering is started. Next, nitrogen gas is gradually introduced from the nitrogen gas supply port 9 to continue sputtering. The sputtered target source metal 5 partially reacts with nitrogen in the container to form a metal nitride composite film on the base material 1 .
呼び径Ｘ幅×厚さが、φ７７ａｎＸ １．５ Ｘ ３．
１の５ＫＤ−６１材のピストンリングを適当な間隔で並
べて母材１として、以下の条件で反応性スパッタリング
を実施した。Nominal diameter x width x thickness is φ77anX 1.5 x 3.
Reactive sputtering was performed under the following conditions using 5KD-61 piston rings arranged at appropriate intervals as base material 1.
母材温度： ４００℃
スパッタ電カニ ＩＫＷ
窒素ガス分圧： ０〜ｌＸｌ０−３ｔｏｒｒアルゴン
ガス分圧： ｌＸｌ０″″３ｔｏｒｒターゲツト材：
金属クロム
処理時間： １０分
母材バイアス： −１００Ｖ
初めは窒素ガスを導入せずにスパッタリングを行って金
属クロムの下地層を形成し、２分経過後から徐々に窒素
ガスを導入して金属クロムと窒化クロムからなる複合皮
膜層を形成した。この処理をピストンリングの上下摺動
面に行い、厚さがそれぞれ６μｍの複合皮膜層を形成し
た。Base material temperature: 400℃ Sputter electric crab IKW Nitrogen gas partial pressure: 0 to lXl0-3 torr Argon gas partial pressure: lXl0''''3 torr Target material:
Metal chromium treatment time: 10 minutes Base metal bias: -100V At first, sputtering is performed without introducing nitrogen gas to form a base layer of metal chromium, and after 2 minutes, nitrogen gas is gradually introduced to form a base layer of metal chromium. A composite film layer made of chromium nitride was formed. This treatment was applied to the upper and lower sliding surfaces of the piston ring to form composite film layers each having a thickness of 6 μm.
本実施例により得られたピストンリングと、比較のため
、従来の硬質クロムめっきを施したピストンリングを水
冷４サイクル４気筒、１３００ｃｃのエンジンに組み込
み７５００回転、全負荷で５時間の実機試験を行い、ピ
ストンリング上下面の摩耗量を測定した。For comparison, the piston ring obtained in this example and a conventional piston ring with hard chrome plating were installed in a water-cooled 4-stroke, 4-cylinder, 1300cc engine and a 5-hour actual test was conducted at 7500 rpm and full load. The amount of wear on the top and bottom surfaces of the piston rings was measured.
（効 果）
測定の結果、本発明によるピストンリングは、従来の硬
質クロムめっきを施したものに比べて。(Effects) As a result of the measurement, the piston ring according to the present invention has a higher performance than the conventional hard chrome plated piston ring.
摩耗量は約１１５であった。また、スパッタリングによ
り得られた複合皮膜層の表面は平坦で、仕上げ加工は不
要であった。The amount of wear was approximately 115. Furthermore, the surface of the composite film layer obtained by sputtering was flat, and no finishing was required.
このように、金属クロムと窒化クロムからなる複合皮膜
層を有する本発明のピストンリングは、密着性、耐摩耗
性にすぐれたピストンリングとして、エンジンの耐久性
を向上させるうえで顕著な効果を示すことが理解できる
。As described above, the piston ring of the present invention having a composite film layer consisting of metallic chromium and chromium nitride exhibits a remarkable effect in improving engine durability as a piston ring with excellent adhesion and wear resistance. I can understand that.
第１図に、本発明のピストンリングを示す。
図中 １・・・ピストンリング ２・・・複合皮膜層第
２図に１本発明の実施例のマグネトロン型ハイレートス
パッタリング装置の概要を示す。
図中 １・・・母材（ピストンリング）２・・母材保持
具
４・・・真空容器
５・・・ターゲット源
６・・・水冷銅パイプ
７・・・シャッター
８・・・アルゴンガス導入口
９・・・窒素ガス導入口FIG. 1 shows a piston ring of the present invention. In the figure: 1... Piston ring 2... Composite film layer FIG. 2 shows an outline of a magnetron type high rate sputtering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure 1...Base metal (piston ring) 2...Base metal holder 4...Vacuum container 5...Target source 6...Water-cooled copper pipe 7...Shutter 8...Argon gas introduction Port 9...Nitrogen gas inlet
Claims (2)
クロムと窒化クロムからなる複合皮膜層が形成されてい
ることを特徴とするピストンリング。(1) A piston ring characterized in that a composite film layer made of metallic chromium and chromium nitride is formed on at least the upper and lower sliding surfaces of the piston ring.
ピストンリング母材表面から複合皮膜層表面に向かって
、窒化クロムの比率が段階的あるいは連続的に増大して
いることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載のピス
トンリング。(2) A composite film layer consisting of metallic chromium and chromium nitride,
The piston ring according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of chromium nitride increases stepwise or continuously from the surface of the piston ring base material toward the surface of the composite coating layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61069814A JPH0765543B2 (en) | 1986-03-29 | 1986-03-29 | piston ring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61069814A JPH0765543B2 (en) | 1986-03-29 | 1986-03-29 | piston ring |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5318889A Division JP2598878B2 (en) | 1993-11-12 | 1993-11-12 | piston ring |
| JP31889093A Division JP2500147B2 (en) | 1993-11-12 | 1993-11-12 | piston ring |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62228648A true JPS62228648A (en) | 1987-10-07 |
| JPH0765543B2 JPH0765543B2 (en) | 1995-07-19 |
Family
ID=13413604
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61069814A Expired - Lifetime JPH0765543B2 (en) | 1986-03-29 | 1986-03-29 | piston ring |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0765543B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2303640A (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-02-26 | Riken Kk | Sliding member with film containing chromium and chromium nitride |
| WO2006005288A1 (en) * | 2004-07-03 | 2006-01-19 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Method for producing a coat on a piston ring and piston ring |
| JP2006307317A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-11-09 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | Nitrogen-containing chromium coating film, its manufacturing method, and mechanical member |
| JP2007092112A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-12 | Dowa Holdings Co Ltd | Nitrogen-containing chromium film, production method therefor and machine member |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010163694A (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 2010-07-29 | Dowa Holdings Co Ltd | NITROGEN-CONTAINING Cr FILM, AND MACHINE MEMBER HAVING THE FILM |
| JP4877502B2 (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 2012-02-15 | Ｄｏｗａサーモテック株式会社 | Nitrogen-containing Cr coating and mechanical member having this coating |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52111891A (en) * | 1976-03-18 | 1977-09-19 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method of surface treatment of metal |
| JPS5837168A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1983-03-04 | Riken Corp | Abrasion resistant metallic sliding member and its production |
-
1986
- 1986-03-29 JP JP61069814A patent/JPH0765543B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52111891A (en) * | 1976-03-18 | 1977-09-19 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method of surface treatment of metal |
| JPS5837168A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1983-03-04 | Riken Corp | Abrasion resistant metallic sliding member and its production |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2303640A (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-02-26 | Riken Kk | Sliding member with film containing chromium and chromium nitride |
| WO2006005288A1 (en) * | 2004-07-03 | 2006-01-19 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Method for producing a coat on a piston ring and piston ring |
| JP2008505251A (en) * | 2004-07-03 | 2008-02-21 | フェデラル−モーグル ブルシャイト ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Method and piston ring for producing a coating layer on a piston ring |
| JP2006307317A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-11-09 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | Nitrogen-containing chromium coating film, its manufacturing method, and mechanical member |
| JP2007092112A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2007-04-12 | Dowa Holdings Co Ltd | Nitrogen-containing chromium film, production method therefor and machine member |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0765543B2 (en) | 1995-07-19 |
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