JPS6222819B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPS6222819B2 JPS6222819B2 JP53024836A JP2483678A JPS6222819B2 JP S6222819 B2 JPS6222819 B2 JP S6222819B2 JP 53024836 A JP53024836 A JP 53024836A JP 2483678 A JP2483678 A JP 2483678A JP S6222819 B2 JPS6222819 B2 JP S6222819B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- circuit
- input
- output
- valve body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Hydraulic Control Valves For Brake Systems (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は2つの独立した後輪系を持つて系統制
動系に適用される追従弁に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a follower valve applied to a power control system having two independent rear wheel systems.
全後輪が一系統に包含されず、後輪の一方が一
系統、他方が他系統となるような2系統制動系に
おいて、後輪ブレーキに何らかの圧力制御装置
(主として一定の作動開始圧以上の圧力では、後
輪の圧力上昇を前輪に比して抑制する制御弁)を
付加しようと思えば、これらの圧力制御弁が2個
必要となる。近年制動理論の発達に伴い、後輪系
に適用される制御弁が益々複雑になつて来てお
り、これを2個使用することはコスト的に割高と
なる。このため一方の回路のみに所望の制御弁を
設け他方の回路には第1回路の制御弁の出力に追
随するような追従弁を設ければ、制御弁自体が複
雑な構造となつても第2回路に設ける弁は構造が
比較的簡単な追従弁のみであるから、複雑な制御
弁が要求される場合でも制御系全体は比較的単純
となりコスト的にも有利になる。 In a two-system controlled drive system in which all rear wheels are not included in one system, and one rear wheel is in one system and the other is in another system, the rear wheel brakes are equipped with some kind of pressure control device (mainly when the Regarding pressure, if you want to add a control valve that suppresses the pressure increase in the rear wheels compared to the front wheels, you will need two of these pressure control valves. In recent years, with the development of braking theory, the control valves applied to the rear wheel system have become increasingly complex, and the use of two control valves becomes expensive in terms of cost. Therefore, if a desired control valve is provided in only one circuit and a follower valve that follows the output of the control valve in the first circuit is provided in the other circuit, even if the control valve itself has a complicated structure, Since the only valves provided in the two circuits are follower valves with a relatively simple structure, the entire control system is relatively simple even if a complicated control valve is required, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
かかる第2回路用の追従弁は以下の3つの機能
を備えることが必要である。すなわち
(イ) 圧力発生器が開放状態(非作動状態)の時は
第2回路の入力と出力が連通すること。 Such a follower valve for the second circuit needs to have the following three functions. That is, (a) when the pressure generator is in an open state (inactive state), the input and output of the second circuit are in communication.
(ロ) 正常作動時において第1回路の制御弁が作動
した場合、すなわち第1回路の出力が第1回路
の入力より小さい場合は、第2回路の出力は第
1回路の出力と実質的に同圧であること。(b) When the control valve of the first circuit operates during normal operation, that is, when the output of the first circuit is smaller than the input of the first circuit, the output of the second circuit is substantially the same as the output of the first circuit. Must be at the same pressure.
(ハ) 第1回路失陥時に第2回路のみが加圧された
場合は、第2回路の出力は第1回路の出力(こ
の場合ゼロである)に追従することなく、第1
回路の正常作動時の出力特性と同等又はそれ以
上の出力を得ること。この場合第2回路の入力
と出力が連通されていても良い(第1回路失陥
時は追従弁が不作動となる構造でも良い)。(c) If only the second circuit is pressurized when the first circuit fails, the output of the second circuit will not follow the output of the first circuit (which is zero in this case), and the output of the second circuit will not follow the output of the first circuit (which is zero in this case).
Obtain an output equal to or greater than the output characteristics of the circuit under normal operation. In this case, the input and output of the second circuit may be communicated (the follower valve may be inoperative when the first circuit fails).
これらの機能を満たすためのもつとも簡単な方
法は追従弁と並列にバイパス弁を設けることがあ
る。しかしこの場合は、2つの弁体と2つの弁部
を備える必要があり構造が複雑となり不利とな
る。本発明は1つの弁体と1つの弁部を用いるの
みで上記の3要件を満した追従弁を構成するもの
である。すなわち、弁体の両側から各々第1回路
の出力と第2回路の出力をバランスさせて追従弁
の機能をなさしめると同時に弁体の両側に、もう
1組の作動面を設けてこれに両側から第1回路の
入力と第2回路の入力を作動させてバランスさせ
る。その際両入力の作動面積は両出力の作動面積
より大きくなるように設定し、又第1回路の出力
と第2回路の入力は弁体を弁通路開に駆動する如
く、又第2回路の出力と第1回路の入力は弁体を
弁通路閉に駆動する如く接続する。更に微弱なス
プリングを設けて、すべての圧力がバランスした
時弁体を弁通路開側に駆動するよう配置する。 A very simple way to fulfill these functions is to provide a bypass valve in parallel with the follower valve. However, in this case, it is necessary to provide two valve bodies and two valve parts, which makes the structure complicated and disadvantageous. The present invention constitutes a follower valve that satisfies the above three requirements by using only one valve body and one valve section. In other words, the output of the first circuit and the output of the second circuit are balanced from each side of the valve body to achieve the function of a follower valve, and at the same time, another set of operating surfaces is provided on both sides of the valve body, and The input of the first circuit and the input of the second circuit are operated and balanced. At this time, the operating area of both inputs is set to be larger than the operating area of both outputs, and the output of the first circuit and the input of the second circuit are set so as to drive the valve body to open the valve passage. The output and the input of the first circuit are connected to drive the valve body to close the valve passage. Furthermore, a weak spring is provided and arranged so as to drive the valve body toward the valve passage opening side when all pressures are balanced.
かくすることにより上記3要件のうち第1の要
件は上記微弱なスプリングが弁通路を開とするこ
とにより達成される。第2の要件は正常時には第
1回路の入力と第2回路の入力が実質的に等しい
ため両者はバランスし、第2回路の出力は第1回
路の出力に追従する如く弁通路が開閉することに
より達成される。更に第3の要件は第1回路失陥
時は第2回路の入出力のみが弁体に作用し、より
大きな作動面積を持つ入力側の駆動力が弁通路を
開くように設定されているため、追従弁は弁通路
開に保たれることにより達成される。 In this way, the first of the three requirements is achieved by the weak spring opening the valve passage. The second requirement is that under normal conditions, the input to the first circuit and the input to the second circuit are substantially equal, so they are balanced, and the valve passage opens and closes so that the output of the second circuit follows the output of the first circuit. This is achieved by Furthermore, the third requirement is that when the first circuit fails, only the input and output of the second circuit acts on the valve body, and the driving force on the input side, which has a larger operating area, opens the valve passage. , the follower valve is achieved by keeping the valve passage open.
以下この発明を図面にもとずいて説明する。第
1図は玉弁14を用いた例である。第1回路に用
いられる制御弁のボデイと適宜連結されたボデイ
中に弁体10が収容される。弁体10はシール1
1,12,13により4つの受圧部に分割され、
左端の小径部2は第1回路の出力口2′、左側の
環状部3は第2回路の入力口3′、右側の環状部
1は第1回路の入力口1′、右側の小径部4は第
2回路の出力口4′に連絡している。左右の環状
部の面積は等しく、又左右の小径部の面積も等し
くしてあり、且つ環状部の面積は小径部の面積よ
り大きくとつてある。 This invention will be explained below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example using a ball valve 14. A valve body 10 is housed in a body that is appropriately connected to the body of a control valve used in the first circuit. Valve body 10 is seal 1
Divided into four pressure receiving parts by 1, 12, and 13,
The small diameter part 2 on the left end is the output port 2' of the first circuit, the annular part 3 on the left side is the input port 3' of the second circuit, the annular part 1 on the right side is the input port 1' of the first circuit, and the small diameter part 4 on the right side. is connected to the output port 4' of the second circuit. The areas of the left and right annular portions are equal, and the areas of the left and right small diameter portions are also equal, and the area of the annular portion is larger than the area of the small diameter portion.
弁体の内部に玉弁14が収容され、小さなスプ
リング15により弁シート部に向けて押されてい
る。 A ball valve 14 is housed inside the valve body and is pushed toward the valve seat by a small spring 15.
又玉弁はプツシユロツド16により弁体が右端
に寄せられた時は玉弁がシート部より離れ、第2
回路の入力室3と出力室4を連通するようになつ
ている。非作動時に玉弁を開くべく弁体10を右
側に押すスプリング17が設けられる。スプリン
グ17の力はスプリング15の力と各シールの摺
動抵抗の和より大きいが、両出力間に有害な差圧
を生じない程度に小さく設定される。弁体の中に
玉弁を収容するため、弁体は適宜分割して作成さ
れ、玉弁14とスプリング15を収容した後、液
密に組立てられる。 Also, when the valve body is moved to the right end by the push rod 16, the ball valve is separated from the seat part and the second
The input chamber 3 and output chamber 4 of the circuit are communicated with each other. A spring 17 is provided that pushes the valve body 10 to the right in order to open the ball valve when not in operation. The force of spring 17 is greater than the force of spring 15 plus the sliding resistance of each seal, but is set small enough not to create a detrimental differential pressure between the outputs. In order to accommodate the ball valve inside the valve body, the valve body is made in appropriate parts, and after housing the ball valve 14 and the spring 15, it is assembled in a liquid-tight manner.
本実施例の作動は非作動時はすべての圧力が実
質的にゼロであるからスプリング17により弁体
10が右端に押しつけられ、プツシユロツド16
がスプリング15に抗して玉弁を押し開き、第2
回路の入力室3と、出力室4を連通する。正常作
動時は両回路の入力は実質的に等しいから弁体に
かかる力のうち環状部は左右の力が打消され無視
して良い。第1回路の制御弁が作動して第1回路
の減圧が始ると第1回路の出力が第2回路の出力
より小さくなるので弁体10が左に動き玉弁14
がプツシユロツド16の制約を離れ、スプリング
15の力で弁シートに着座して第2回路の入力と
出力を切離す。以後は第1回路の出力と第2回路
の出力が比較され、第1回路の出力圧が高まると
弁体が右に押され、玉弁が開いて第2回路の圧力
を若干高める。第2回路の出力圧力が高いと弁体
が左に動いて第2回路の出力回路体積を若干増加
させ、同回路の圧力を若干下げる。かくして正常
時は第2回路の出力は第1回路の出力に追従す
る。 In the operation of this embodiment, since all pressures are substantially zero when not in operation, the valve body 10 is pressed to the right end by the spring 17, and the push rod 16
pushes open the ball valve against the spring 15 and opens the second valve.
The input chamber 3 and output chamber 4 of the circuit are communicated. During normal operation, the inputs to both circuits are substantially equal, so of the forces applied to the valve body, the left and right forces on the annular portion are canceled out and can be ignored. When the control valve of the first circuit operates and pressure reduction in the first circuit begins, the output of the first circuit becomes smaller than the output of the second circuit, so the valve body 10 moves to the left and the ball valve 14
is released from the restriction of the push rod 16 and seats on the valve seat by the force of the spring 15, disconnecting the input and output of the second circuit. Thereafter, the output of the first circuit and the output of the second circuit are compared, and when the output pressure of the first circuit increases, the valve body is pushed to the right, the ball valve opens, and the pressure of the second circuit is increased slightly. When the output pressure of the second circuit is high, the valve body moves to the left, slightly increasing the output circuit volume of the second circuit, and slightly lowering the pressure of the same circuit. Thus, under normal conditions, the output of the second circuit follows the output of the first circuit.
第1回路が失陥すると室1と2は圧力が加ら
ず、室3と4のみが加圧される。環状部の面積の
方が大きいため弁体は右に動かされ、第2回路の
入力と出力は連通されたままに留る。 If the first circuit fails, chambers 1 and 2 will not be pressurized, and only chambers 3 and 4 will be pressurized. Since the area of the annulus is larger, the valve body is moved to the right, and the input and output of the second circuit remain in communication.
第2図は玉弁の代りにシール弁を用いた実施例
である。 FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a seal valve is used instead of a ball valve.
弁体10がボデイ中に収容されており、左右の
延長部にシール12,13があつて左端の第1回
路出力口2′に連る室2及び右端の第1回路入力
口1′に連る室1を形成する。弁シール18があ
り弁体10が左に動くと弁体のシート部19が弁
シールに着座して弁シール18の左側の第2回路
入力口3′に連る室3と右側の第2回路出力口
4′に連る室4との間の連通を断ち、弁体10が
右に動くとシート部19が弁シール18から離れ
て室3と4を連通する如くなつている。非作動時
は小スプリング15が弁体10を右端に押して第
2回路の入出力の連通を確保するようになつてい
る。小スプリング15は、各シールの摺動抵抗に
打ち勝つだけの微弱なものである。ここでシール
12と13の有効径は、シート19が弁シール1
8に接触する時の有効面積をA、第1回路入力の
働く室1の有効面積をB、第1回路出力の働く室
2の有効面積をCとした時
C=A−B、すなわちB=A−Cで且つB>C
となるように設定してある。 A valve body 10 is housed in the body, and seals 12 and 13 are provided on the left and right extensions to communicate with the chamber 2 connected to the first circuit output port 2' at the left end and the first circuit input port 1' at the right end. A chamber 1 is formed. There is a valve seal 18, and when the valve body 10 moves to the left, the seat part 19 of the valve body seats on the valve seal, and the chamber 3 connected to the second circuit input port 3' on the left side of the valve seal 18 and the second circuit on the right side. When the valve element 10 moves to the right by cutting off the communication with the chamber 4 connected to the output port 4', the seat part 19 separates from the valve seal 18 and communicates the chambers 3 and 4. When not in operation, the small spring 15 pushes the valve body 10 to the right end to ensure communication between the input and output of the second circuit. The small spring 15 is weak enough to overcome the sliding resistance of each seal. Here, the effective diameter of seals 12 and 13 is such that seat 19 is equal to valve seal 1.
When the effective area when contacting the circuit 8 is A, the effective area of the chamber 1 where the first circuit input works is B, and the effective area of the chamber 2 where the first circuit output works is C, C=A-B, that is, B= A-C and B>C
It is set so that
第1回路の入力圧をPM1、出力圧をPR1
第2回路の入力圧をPM2、出力圧をPR2とすれ
ば弁体10に働く力は、シート部19が弁シール
18に接触する迄は
左:PR1×C+PM2×(B−C)
=PM2×B−(PM2−PR1)×C
右:PM1×B
であり、PM2は実質的にPM1に等しいからPR1が
PM1と等しい間は弁体に駆動力は生じない。 If the input pressure of the first circuit is P M1 , the output pressure is P R1 , the input pressure of the second circuit is P M2 , and the output pressure is P R2 , the force acting on the valve body 10 is as follows: Until then, Left: P R1 ×C + P M2 × (B-C) = P M2 ×B- (P M2 - P R1 ) × C Right: P M1 ×B, and P M2 is substantially equal to P M1 Therefore, while P R1 is equal to P M1 , no driving force is generated in the valve body.
すなわち弁体はスプリング15によつて右端に
押圧され第2回路の入、出力は連通されている。 That is, the valve body is pressed to the right end by the spring 15, and the input and output of the second circuit are communicated.
第1回路の制御弁の作動が開始しPR1がPM1す
なわちPM2より小さくなると弁体10は左に押さ
れてシート部19が弁シール18に着座する。以
後は
左:PR1×C+PM2×(A−C)
右:PR2×(A−B)+PM1×B
となる。ここでC=A−BすなわちB=A−Cを
入れて考えるとPM1とPM2は実質的に同圧である
から、結局、左右のバランスはPR1とPR2の大小
のみに依存することが判る。すなわち第2回路の
出力PR2が第1回路の出力PR1より小さければ弁
体は右に動き、第2回路の入出力が連通してPR2
を高め、PR2がPR1より大きければ弁体は左に動
いて第2回路の入出力を分離する。すなわち正常
時にはPR2はPR1に追従する。 When the control valve of the first circuit starts operating and P R1 becomes smaller than P M1 , that is, P M2 , the valve body 10 is pushed to the left and the seat portion 19 seats on the valve seal 18 . From then on, left: P R1 ×C + P M2 × (A-C) Right: P R2 × (A-B) + P M1 ×B. If we consider here that C=A-B, that is, B=A-C, P M1 and P M2 are essentially the same pressure, so in the end, the left and right balance depends only on the magnitude of P R1 and P R2 . I understand that. That is, if the output P R2 of the second circuit is smaller than the output P R1 of the first circuit, the valve body moves to the right, the input and output of the second circuit are connected, and P R2
If P R2 is larger than P R1 , the valve body moves to the left and separates the input and output of the second circuit. That is, under normal conditions, P R2 follows P R1 .
第1回路欠陥時は
左:PM2×(B−C)
右:0
となりB>Cであるから弁体10は右に押され第
2回路の出力は連通されたままに留る。 When the first circuit is defective, left: P M2 ×(B-C) right: 0, and since B>C, the valve body 10 is pushed to the right and the output of the second circuit remains connected.
この発明は、以上説明したように、2系統制動
系において、複雑な機構の圧力制御弁を2個使用
することなく、一方の系統の圧力制御弁の替わり
に機構の比較的簡単な追従弁を用いるもので、こ
の追従弁を用いることにより制動系全体を単純に
しひいては系の作動の信頼性を増す効果がある。 As explained above, the present invention eliminates the need for two pressure control valves with complicated mechanisms in a two-system controlled drive system, and instead uses a follower valve with a relatively simple mechanism in place of the pressure control valve of one system. The use of this follower valve has the effect of simplifying the entire braking system and increasing the reliability of the system's operation.
第1図は玉弁を用いた実施例を示す追従弁の断
面図、第2図はシール弁を用いた実施例を示す追
従弁の断面図である。
1……第1回路側環状部、2……第1回路側小
径部、3……第2回路側環状部、4……第2回路
側小径部、1′……第1回路側入力口、2′……第
1回路側出力口、3′……第2回路側入力口、
4′……第2回路側出力口、10……弁体、11
……シール、12……シール、13……シール、
14……玉弁、15……小スプリング、16……
プツシユロツド、17……スプリング、18……
リツプシール、19……弁体シート肩部。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a follower valve showing an embodiment using a ball valve, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a follower valve showing an embodiment using a seal valve. 1... First circuit side annular part, 2... First circuit side small diameter part, 3... Second circuit side annular part, 4... Second circuit side small diameter part, 1'... First circuit side input port , 2'...first circuit side output port, 3'...second circuit side input port,
4'...Second circuit side output port, 10...Valve body, 11
... Seal, 12 ... Seal, 13 ... Seal,
14... Ball valve, 15... Small spring, 16...
Pushrod, 17...Spring, 18...
Lip seal, 19... Valve body seat shoulder.
Claims (1)
中には入力を一定の方式に従つて減圧して出力す
る制御弁を設け、第2回路には第1回路入力と実
質的に等しい第2回路入力を受けて、第1回路の
制御弁出力に追従した第2回路出力を得る追従弁
において、1個の弁体で駆動される1個の弁開閉
部を備え上記弁体には開弁側に第1回路出力受圧
部と第2回路入力受圧部、閉弁側に第2回路出力
受圧部と第1回路入力受圧部を設け、第1回路入
力受圧部と第2回路入力受圧部の各有効面積は等
しくすると共に、第1回路出力受圧部と第2回路
出力受圧部の各有効面積を等しく、更に両入力受
圧部の有効面積を両出力受圧部の有効面積より大
きくしたことを特徴とする追従弁。 2 開弁側に、両入力がほゞゼロの場合、確実に
開弁を確保するに足る微弱な小スプリング5を設
けたことを特徴とする第1項記載の追従弁。 3 弁体の中に玉弁を設け、弁体が第2回路側小
径部方向の端に押されたとき該玉弁を開弁するプ
ツシユ・ロツドを設けたことを特徴とする第1項
又は第2項記載の追従弁。 4 弁体の両端に第1回路の入力と出力をそれぞ
れ作動させ、弁体の中間部に弁シールを設け、該
弁シールの外周リツプ部で第2回路の入力室と出
力室を摺動可能に分離せしめ、該弁シールの内周
角部と弁体の肩状シート部との間で開閉弁の作用
をなさしめたことを特徴とする第1項又は第2項
記載の追従弁。[Claims] 1. It has two independent pressure circuits, the first circuit is provided with a control valve that reduces the pressure of the input according to a certain method and outputs the pressure, and the second circuit is provided with a control valve that reduces the pressure of the input according to a certain method and outputs it. In a follower valve that receives a second circuit input substantially equal to the input and obtains a second circuit output that follows the control valve output of the first circuit, one valve opening/closing part driven by one valve body is provided. The valve body is provided with a first circuit output pressure receiving part and a second circuit input pressure receiving part on the valve opening side, a second circuit output pressure receiving part and a first circuit input pressure receiving part on the valve closing side, and a first circuit input pressure receiving part. The effective areas of the first circuit output pressure receiving part and the second circuit output pressure receiving part are made equal, and the effective areas of both input pressure receiving parts are made equal to those of both output pressure receiving parts. A follower valve characterized by having a larger effective area. 2. The follow-up valve according to item 1, characterized in that a small spring 5 weak enough to ensure the valve opening is provided on the valve opening side when both inputs are approximately zero. 3. Clause 1 or 2, characterized in that a ball valve is provided in the valve body, and a push rod is provided that opens the ball valve when the valve body is pushed toward the end in the direction of the small diameter portion on the second circuit side. The follower valve described in paragraph 2. 4 The input and output of the first circuit are operated at both ends of the valve body, a valve seal is provided in the middle of the valve body, and the input chamber and output chamber of the second circuit can be slid on the outer circumferential lip of the valve seal. 3. The follow-up valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the valve seal is separated from the inner circumferential corner portion of the valve seal and the shoulder-shaped seat portion of the valve body acts as an on-off valve.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2483678A JPS54117875A (en) | 1978-03-03 | 1978-03-03 | Follow-up valve |
US06/008,338 US4217005A (en) | 1978-02-03 | 1979-01-31 | Deceleration responsive load responsive brake pressure control device |
DE2904046A DE2904046C2 (en) | 1978-02-03 | 1979-02-02 | Brake pressure regulator |
GB7903672A GB2024350B (en) | 1978-02-03 | 1979-02-02 | Brake pressure control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2483678A JPS54117875A (en) | 1978-03-03 | 1978-03-03 | Follow-up valve |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS54117875A JPS54117875A (en) | 1979-09-12 |
JPS6222819B2 true JPS6222819B2 (en) | 1987-05-20 |
Family
ID=12149281
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2483678A Granted JPS54117875A (en) | 1978-02-03 | 1978-03-03 | Follow-up valve |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS54117875A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0136682Y2 (en) * | 1981-02-20 | 1989-11-07 | ||
US4821519A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-04-18 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Primary pressure-balanced proportioning valve |
US4815292A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-03-28 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Multi-part primary pressure-balanced proportioning valve with brake pressure failure switch |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5921982Y2 (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1984-06-30 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Proportioning valve for cross piping |
-
1978
- 1978-03-03 JP JP2483678A patent/JPS54117875A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS54117875A (en) | 1979-09-12 |
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