JPS6221916A - Breakwater device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To break long length of waves by setting a breakwater structure of an equilateral trianglar flat upside in water by crossing its equilateral triangular slope side to the advancing direction of waves. CONSTITUTION:A plate body 1 of an equilateral triangular flat form is set by crossing its slope side 4 to the advancing direction of waves on the bottom under water by means of anchors 11. A floating breakwater 2 is fixed to the float 1. Small length of surface waves of waves coming from the advancing direction 3 are broken by the breakwater 2, and long length of waves are reflected on the vertical face formed by the two sides forming the equilateral triangle of the float 1 and broken by mutual collision of the reflected waves.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、消波装置に関し、さらに詳しくは従来の浮消
波堤で消すことのできなかった長波長の波を消す効果の
ある新規な消波装置に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a wave dissipating device, and more specifically to a novel wave dissipating device that has the effect of erasing long wavelength waves that could not be extinguished by conventional floating wave banks. It relates to a wave dissipating device.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来、港湾等に侵入する波を消すために重力式防波施設
（防波堤）が用いられており、水深が深い場合や防波堤
の内と外の海水の交流を阻害したくない場合には浮消波
堤が用いられている。Conventionally, gravity type breakwater facilities (breakwaters) have been used to extinguish waves that enter ports, etc., and when the water is deep or when it is not desired to obstruct the exchange of seawater between the inside and outside of the breakwater, floating facilities are used. Wave banks are used.

しかし、従来の浮消波堤は長波長の波を十分に消波する
ことができないという欠点があった。However, conventional floating wavebanks have the drawback of not being able to sufficiently dissipate long wavelength waves.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

本発明は、水深が深いために重力式防波堤を建造するこ
とが困難な場合や、防波堤内外の水の交流を阻害したく
ない場合などにおいて、長波長の波を消すことのできる
機俺をもつ消波装置を提供することを目的をする。The present invention has the ability to eliminate long wavelength waves in cases where it is difficult to construct a gravity breakwater due to deep water, or in cases where it is not desired to impede the exchange of water inside and outside the breakwater. The purpose is to provide a wave dissipating device.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明は、二等辺直角三角形の水平上面をもつ消波体を
、該直角三角形の斜辺（直角の対辺）が波の進行方向に
直交する方向に合わせて水中に設置することを技術手段
とする消波装置である。The technical means of the present invention is to install a wave absorber having a horizontal upper surface of an isosceles right triangle in the water so that the hypotenuse (the opposite side of the right angle) of the right triangle is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. It is a wave dissipating device.

この消波体は平板状をなす浮体を底にアンカーを設けて
水中の適宜深さの位置に錨着しておくものでもよく、ま
た、断面が二等辺直角三角形の杵状体を水底から水中の
適当高さの位置まで立設しておくものでもよい。This wave dissipating body may be a flat plate-shaped floating body with an anchor attached to the bottom and anchored at an appropriate depth in the water, or a pestle-like body with an isosceles right triangular cross section that is floated from the bottom of the water into the water. It may be erected up to an appropriate height.

〔作用〕[Effect]

水深が急に大きく変化する場所においては、その水深が
変化する部分の鉛直面に入射した波はある臨界角以下の
入射角ではこの水深変化鉛直面で全反射する。In places where the water depth changes suddenly and greatly, waves incident on the vertical plane of the area where the water depth changes will be totally reflected on the vertical plane where the water depth changes if the incident angle is less than a certain critical angle.

本発明はこの原理を応用したもので、第３図はこの装置
の消波原理の説明図である。二等辺直角三角形の上面を
もつ浮体または柱状体から成る消波体ｌをその上面が水
底からある高さの位置に水平になるように設置しておく
と、その消波体ｌの上面の縁と水底との間に水深が急激
に変化する鉛直面５が形成されることとなる。この鉛直
面５は、臨界入射角以下で入射する波を反射する。The present invention applies this principle, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the wave-dissipating principle of this device. If a wave absorber l consisting of a floating body or columnar body with an isosceles right triangular upper surface is installed so that its upper surface is horizontal at a certain height from the water bottom, the edge of the upper surface of the wave absorber l A vertical surface 5, in which the water depth changes rapidly, is formed between the surface and the bottom of the water. This vertical surface 5 reflects waves incident below the critical angle of incidence.

第３図に示すように、二等辺直角三角形の斜辺（直角の
対辺）４を波の進行方向３に直交する方向に向けておく
と進行して来た波は、二等辺直角三角形の直角を挟む二
等辺が形成する鉛直面５でそれぞれ反射し、反射した波
６は互いに正面衝突してそのエネルギーを失う。As shown in Figure 3, if the hypotenuse (opposite side to the right angle) 4 of the isosceles right triangle is oriented perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation 3, the advancing waves will cross the right angle of the isosceles right triangle. They are each reflected on the vertical plane 5 formed by the isosceles between them, and the reflected waves 6 collide head-on with each other and lose their energy.

進行波の波長と、前記臨界入射角と水深差には一定の関
係があるので、これを利用して、適切な消波装置を設計
することができる。Since there is a certain relationship between the wavelength of the traveling wave, the critical angle of incidence, and the water depth difference, an appropriate wave canceling device can be designed using this relationship.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第１図は浮消波堤と本発明の消波装置とを組み合わせた
消波堤を示すもので、水底からアンカー１１によって二
等辺直角三角形の平面形をもつ板状の浮体ｌを水中に配
設し、この浮体１に浮消波堤２を固定して配設したもの
である。浮体ｌは二等辺直角三角形の斜辺４が波の進行
方向３に対してほぼ直交するように配置され、浮消波堤
２は二等辺直角三角形の斜辺４のほぼ上方に水平に水面
に浮上して設けられる。FIG. 1 shows a wave-dissipating levee that is a combination of a floating wave-dissipating levee and the wave-dissipating device of the present invention, in which a plate-shaped floating body l having an isosceles right triangular planar shape is placed in the water by an anchor 11 from the bottom of the water. A floating breakwater 2 is fixedly disposed on this floating body 1. The floating body 1 is arranged so that the hypotenuse 4 of the isosceles right triangle is substantially perpendicular to the wave traveling direction 3, and the floating wave bank 2 floats horizontally on the water surface almost above the hypotenuse 4 of the isosceles right triangle. It will be established.

進行方向３から進行して来た波は、小波長の表面波は浮
消波堤２によって消波され、この浮消波堤２を通過した
長波長の波は、浮体１の二等辺直角三角形の直角を挟む
二辺の形成する鉛直面（水深の急変する面）で反射し１
反射した波６は互いに衝突して消波される。For waves traveling from the direction of travel 3, surface waves with small wavelengths are dissipated by the floating wavebank 2, and waves with long wavelengths that have passed through the floating wavebank 2 are dissipated by the isosceles right triangle of the floating body 1. It is reflected on the vertical plane (the surface where the water depth changes suddenly) formed by the two sides that sandwich the right angle of 1
The reflected waves 6 collide with each other and are dissipated.

第２図は別の実施例として水底に立設された柱状体の消
波体７を並べた潜堤を示すもので、長波長の波は潜堤の
背面が形成するのこぎり状の鉛直面でそれぞれ反射して
相互２衝突しエネルギーを失う。第２図の例はアンカー
等を要せず地盤の良好な水底に重力により自立させて配
置しておくことができる。もちろん、浮消波堤と併用す
ることも可能である。Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a submerged levee in which columnar wave absorbers 7 are arranged erected on the bottom of the water.Long wavelength waves are transmitted through a sawtooth vertical surface formed by the back surface of the submerged levee. They each reflect and collide with each other, losing energy. The example shown in FIG. 2 does not require an anchor or the like and can be placed on a well-located water bottom by gravity. Of course, it is also possible to use it in combination with a floating breakwater.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明は、簡易な装置によって長波長の波を消すことが
できる。これを浮消波堤と併用すれば従来の浮消波堤の
利点をすべて生かし、その最大の弱点をカバーすること
ができるという優れた効果を奏する。The present invention can eliminate long wavelength waves using a simple device. If this is used in combination with a floating wave dyke, it will have the excellent effect of making use of all the advantages of a conventional floating wave dyke and covering its greatest weakness.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の実施例の（ａ）平面図、（ｂ）立面図
、第２図は他の実施例の（ａ）平面図、（ｂ）立面図、
第３図は本発明の詳細な説明する説明図であって、（ａ
）平面図、（ｂ）立面図である。 ｌ・・・浮体（消波体）、２・・・浮消波堤、３・・・
波の進行方向、４・・・二等辺直角三角形の斜辺（直角
の対辺）、５・・・水深変化鉛直面（二等辺直角三角形
の二等辺の位置）、６・・・反射波、７・・・柱状体（
消波体）、１１・・・アンカー。FIG. 1 is (a) a plan view, (b) an elevation view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an (a) plan view, (b) an elevation view of another embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the present invention in detail, (a
) Plan view, (b) Elevation view. l... Floating body (wave dissipating body), 2... Floating wave dissipating levee, 3...
Wave propagation direction, 4... hypotenuse of isosceles right triangle (opposite side of right angle), 5... vertical plane of water depth change (position of isosceles of isosceles right triangle), 6... reflected wave, 7.・Columnar body (
Wave dissipating body), 11... Anchor.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １　平面形状が二等辺直角三角形の上面をもつ消波体を
、該二等辺直角三角形の斜辺を波の進行方向に直交させ
て水中に設置したことを特徴とする消波装置。 ２　消波体が水底に錨着された平板状の浮体である特許
請求の範囲第１項に記載の消波装 置。 ３　消波体が水底から水中に立設された柱状体である特
許請求の範囲第１項に記載の消波装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A wave dissipating body characterized in that a wave dissipating body having an upper surface of a planar shape of an isosceles right triangle is installed in water with the hypotenuse of the isosceles right triangle perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Device. 2. The wave-dissipating device according to claim 1, wherein the wave-dissipating body is a flat floating body anchored to the bottom of the water. 3. The wave-dissipating device according to claim 1, wherein the wave-dissipating body is a columnar body erected underwater from the bottom of the water.