JPS62208764A - Noise reduction device for television signal - Google Patents

Noise reduction device for television signal

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Publication number
JPS62208764A
JPS62208764A JP61050421A JP5042186A JPS62208764A JP S62208764 A JPS62208764 A JP S62208764A JP 61050421 A JP61050421 A JP 61050421A JP 5042186 A JP5042186 A JP 5042186A JP S62208764 A JPS62208764 A JP S62208764A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
signal
noise
television signal
pass filter
noise reduction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP61050421A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tetsuro Itakura
哲朗 板倉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP61050421A priority Critical patent/JPS62208764A/en
Publication of JPS62208764A publication Critical patent/JPS62208764A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively reduce noise without deterioration of picture quality by distinguishing the noise and the picture signal spatially but also timewise. CONSTITUTION:A present input television signal (x) inputted from a terminal 1 is subtracted fro a forecast signal x' from a forecast circuit 41 by a subtractor 11 and a forecast error signal epsilon is obtained. Only a high frequency component epsilonH is extracted from the forecast error signal at a high pass filter 51, converted into a correction signal EH' at a correction signal generating circuit 31, added to the present input television signal at an adder 21 and the result is outputted as a television signal (y) subjected to noise reduction from a terminal 2. A 2-dimension spatial high pass filter is adopted as the high pass filter 51. Thus, the edge component and noise are separated.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の技術分野〕 本発明は、テレビジョン信号の雑音低減装置、特に現在
及び過去のフレーム画像信号の持つ相関を利用して雑音
を低減するテレビジョン信号の雑音低減装置に関する。
Detailed Description of the Invention [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a television signal noise reduction device, and particularly to a television signal noise reduction device that reduces noise by using correlation between current and past frame image signals. Regarding equipment.

〔発明の技術的背景〕[Technical background of the invention]

従来の雑音低減装置(@像のデジタル信号処理」日刊工
業fr開社、著者:吹抜敬彦、 pH5〜p118参照
)を第8図に示す。
A conventional noise reduction device (see @Digital Signal Processing of Images, published by Nikkan Kogyo, author: Takahiko Fukinuki, pH 5 to p. 118) is shown in FIG.

端子1より入力された現在の入カテレビジ冒ン信号Xは
、減算器11で予測回路41からの予測信号会と減算さ
れ、予測誤差信号ε(=仝−x)が得られる。この予測
誤差信号Cは補正信号作成回路31で補正信号61に変
換後、加算器21で前記現在の入カテレビジ冒ン信号X
と加算され、端子2より雑音が低減されたテレビジョン
信号yとして出力すれる。また、このテレビジョン信号
yは予測回路41に加えられ、これを元に新たな予測信
号金が得られる。
The current input television monitor signal X inputted from the terminal 1 is subtracted by the prediction signal from the prediction circuit 41 in the subtracter 11, and a prediction error signal ε(=仝−x) is obtained. This prediction error signal C is converted into a correction signal 61 by a correction signal generation circuit 31, and then converted into a correction signal 61 by an adder 21, which is converted into a correction signal 61 by an adder 21.
and is output from terminal 2 as a television signal y with reduced noise. Further, this television signal y is added to the prediction circuit 41, and a new predicted signal amount is obtained based on this.

ここで例えばNTSC信号に対する予測回路41は、第
9図に示すように構成される。雑音が低減されたテレビ
ジョン信号yは端子411より入力され、フレーム遅延
回路413により遅延され、Y/C分離回路414に導
びかれる。Y/C分離回路414は輝度信号(Y)と色
信号(C)を分離する。色信号はクロマインバータ41
5にて極性を反転された後、加算器416にて再び輝度
信号と加算され端子412より予測信号会を得る。
Here, for example, the prediction circuit 41 for the NTSC signal is configured as shown in FIG. The noise-reduced television signal y is input from a terminal 411, delayed by a frame delay circuit 413, and guided to a Y/C separation circuit 414. A Y/C separation circuit 414 separates a luminance signal (Y) and a color signal (C). Color signal is chroma inverter 41
After the polarity is inverted at step 5, it is added to the luminance signal again at adder 416, and a predicted signal intensity is obtained from terminal 412.

第8図の回路において、入力をX、予測回路41の出力
をぐ、加算器2】の出力をyとし、補正信号ε°を(x
−x)に係数Kを掛けたものとすると、yは以下のよう
に求まる。
In the circuit shown in FIG. 8, the input is X, the output of the prediction circuit 41 is y, the output of the adder 2 is y, and the correction signal ε° is
-x) multiplied by a coefficient K, then y can be found as follows.

Y =X +K (会−X) ” (1−K )  x +xx   (0≦K<1 
)  山(1)一般に、x−xlが小さい部分では被写
体は、静止していることが多く、大きい部分では動いて
いることが多い。したがって、例えば第10図に示すよ
うに1全−x1が小さいときには1に近いKを選び、1
.−xiが大きい時には、K=0とし、静止部分ではX
よりも雑音の小さい仝(=X)を、また動いている部分
では残像を避けるためにXを出力することにより、入力
Xの画質を改善したyを得ることができる。
Y =X +K (kai-X) ” (1-K)
) Mountain (1) Generally, the subject is often stationary in areas where x-xl is small, and is often moving in areas where x-xl is large. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, when 1-x1 is small, choose K close to 1, and
.. When −xi is large, K=0, and in the stationary part
By outputting y (=X), which has less noise than y, and by outputting y (=X) in order to avoid afterimages in moving parts, it is possible to obtain y with improved image quality of input X.

第11図は他の従来例を示し、雑音が低減されたテレビ
ジョン信号yを得るに際し、入力テレビジョン信号Xに
代え、補正信号ε°を予測信号仝に加算する点が第8図
のものと異なる。イ=≠#≠撲入力をX、加算器2Iの
出力をy、予測回路の出力を会とし、(X−仝)に係数
(1−K)を掛けたものを補正信号ε°とすると、yけ Y=(1−K)(x−仝)+仝 =(1−K)x+に会 と求まり、第8図と同様の出力が得られる。
Fig. 11 shows another conventional example, which is similar to Fig. 8 in that when obtaining a television signal y with reduced noise, a correction signal ε° is added to the predicted signal instead of the input television signal X. different from. Let the input be X, the output of the adder 2I be y, the output of the prediction circuit be 2, and the correction signal ε° be the product of (X−仝) multiplied by the coefficient (1−K). It is found that yKY=(1-K)(x-仝)+仝=(1-K)x+, and the same output as in FIG. 8 is obtained.

この雑音低減装置の伝達関数は、(13式より以下のよ
うに求まる。
The transfer function of this noise reduction device is determined as follows from equation (13).

y = (1−K) x+xQ =(1−K)x+Kyz、’ ただし、Z、−1はフレーム遅延を表わす。y = (1-K) x+xQ =(1-K)x+Kyz,' However, Z, -1 represents the frame delay.

” (1”Z7−’)y= (1−K ) xよって伝
達関数H(ZF−1)は と表わされる。この特性を第12図に示す。
” (1”Z7-')y=(1-K) x Therefore, the transfer function H(ZF-1) is expressed as. This characteristic is shown in FIG.

〔背景技術の問題点〕[Problems with background technology]

従来装置では、入力テレビジョン信号Xと予測信号会の
差分Cの大きさのみで動画像の動きKよる差分か、静止
画画像の雑音による差分かを判断している。このため第
10図に示した補正信号作成回路の特性を規定するC8
の値を大きくすることにより、特には人間の目が追い掛
けることのできる動画に対して、雑音を低減することが
できるが、第氏図に示される特性より、eoを増大させ
ることは時間的な低域通過フィルタにおいて通過帯域を
狭めていることKなり1画像も時間的にぼけることにな
る。また、eoの値が小さい場合、今度は雑音が十分に
低減できないという欠点があった。
In the conventional apparatus, only the size of the difference C between the input television signal X and the predicted signal intensity is used to determine whether the difference is due to the motion K of the moving image or the noise of the still image. Therefore, C8, which defines the characteristics of the correction signal generation circuit shown in FIG.
By increasing the value of eo, it is possible to reduce noise, especially for videos that the human eye can follow, but from the characteristics shown in Fig. By narrowing the passband in the low-pass filter, even one image per K becomes blurred over time. Furthermore, when the value of eo is small, there is a drawback that noise cannot be sufficiently reduced.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明の目的、上述のテレビジョン信号の雑音低減装置
を改良し、特に人間の目が追い掛けることのできる動画
像に対しても、画質の劣化を招くことなく十分な雑音を
低減効果を発揮し得る雑音低減装置を提供することであ
る。
An object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned television signal noise reduction device, and to achieve a sufficient noise reduction effect without deteriorating the image quality, especially for moving images that the human eye can follow. The object of the present invention is to provide a noise reduction device that obtains the desired results.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

本発明は、上記目的を達成するため、画像の雑音が時間
的だけでなく空間的にもランダムに発生するという性質
に着目し、空間フィルタを用いて画像の信号成分と雑音
成分を空間的にも区別し画質の劣化なく雑音低減する。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention focuses on the property that image noise occurs randomly not only temporally but also spatially, and uses a spatial filter to spatially separate image signal and noise components. It also distinguishes between images and reduces noise without deteriorating image quality.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

以下1本発明の一実施例を説明するに先立ってこの発明
の詳細な説明する。第6図は物体が移動した時の現在の
入力信号Xと過去の画像からの予測信号金を重ねて示し
たもので、第7図は第6図中のSS°間の信号振幅を示
したものである。第7図から明らかなように物体の動き
に対して予測誤差信号x−Aは空間的に広が−て生ずる
。これは空間周波数領域でみた時に、主に低域の成分と
なっている。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Before describing one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention will be explained in detail below. Figure 6 shows the current input signal X when the object moves and the predicted signal from past images superimposed, and Figure 7 shows the signal amplitude between SS° in Figure 6. It is something. As is clear from FIG. 7, the prediction error signal x-A spreads out spatially with respect to the movement of the object. When viewed in the spatial frequency domain, this is mainly a low frequency component.

一方、雑音の発生は、時間的だけでなく空間的にもラン
ダムであり、これは、空間周波数領域で主に高域の成分
を持っていることを意味する。
On the other hand, noise generation is random not only temporally but also spatially, which means that it mainly contains high-frequency components in the spatial frequency domain.

この点に着目して本発明は予測誤差信号会から主に画像
の動きによって生じている部分を、例えば2次元空間高
域通過フィルタによって除き、雑音により生じている部
分を通すことにより1画質の劣化なく、雑音を低減する
ものである。
Focusing on this point, the present invention removes the part caused mainly by image movement from the prediction error signal using, for example, a two-dimensional spatial high-pass filter, and passes the part caused by noise, thereby improving the image quality. It reduces noise without deterioration.

第1図に本発明の一実施例を示す。端子1より入力され
た現在の入力テレビジラン信号Xは減算器11で予測回
路41からの予測信号金と減算され、予測誤差信号εが
得られる。この予測誤差信号Cは高域通過フィルタ51
にて、高域成分εHのみ取り出され補正信号作成回路3
1で補正信号gH1に変換され、加算器21で現在の入
カテレビジ四ン信号と加算され、端子2より雑音が低減
されたテレビジ璽ン信号yとして出力される。またこの
雑音低減信号yは予測回路41に加えられ新たな予測信
号が得られる。
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. The current input TV show signal X input from the terminal 1 is subtracted by the prediction signal from the prediction circuit 41 in the subtracter 11, and a prediction error signal ε is obtained. This prediction error signal C is passed through a high-pass filter 51.
, only the high frequency component εH is extracted and sent to the correction signal creation circuit 3.
1, it is converted into a correction signal gH1, which is added to the current input television signal in an adder 21, and outputted from a terminal 2 as a noise-reduced television signal y. This noise reduction signal y is also added to the prediction circuit 41 to obtain a new prediction signal.

さて、上記構成において雑音低減を行うに際しては空間
周波数領域で高域成分を有する画像のエツジ部分と本来
の雑音との判別が問題となる。ここで特に視覚上問題に
なるのは水平あるいは垂直のエツジ部分であって、斜め
のエツジ部分は人間の視覚特性上問題にならない。
Now, when performing noise reduction in the above configuration, it becomes a problem to distinguish between the edge portion of an image having high-frequency components in the spatial frequency domain and the original noise. Here, horizontal or vertical edge portions are particularly visually problematic, while diagonal edge portions do not pose a problem due to human visual characteristics.

空間周波数領域上、水平のエツジは第2図に示す模式的
な空間周波数特性図において斜線を施したAの領域であ
り、垂直エツジは同図において粒点を施したBの領域と
なっている。よって、本発明に使用される高域通過フィ
ルタ51は上記A、Hの領域を通さない第3図の斜視部
分Cを通過領域とする2次元空間高域通過フィルタを採
用している。これにより、上記Pツジ成分と雑音との分
離が成されるのである。なお、この特性を実現するデジ
タルフィルタのタップ係数の一例を第4図に示す。図に
おいて、水平方向の係数は単位画素遅延後の各信号のゲ
インを示しており、垂直方向の係数は1水平ライン遅延
後の各信号のゲインを示してhる。
In the spatial frequency domain, the horizontal edge is the shaded area A in the schematic spatial frequency characteristic diagram shown in Figure 2, and the vertical edge is the dotted area B in the same figure. . Therefore, the high-pass filter 51 used in the present invention is a two-dimensional spatial high-pass filter whose pass area is the perspective part C in FIG. 3, which does not pass through the areas A and H. As a result, the P-ji component and noise can be separated. Note that FIG. 4 shows an example of tap coefficients of a digital filter that realizes this characteristic. In the figure, the coefficients in the horizontal direction indicate the gain of each signal after being delayed by a unit pixel, and the coefficients in the vertical direction indicate the gain of each signal after being delayed by one horizontal line.

また、第5図に示す本発明の実施列は第11図に示した
従来例に対応したもので、上述の実施例と同様に予測誤
差信号εを高域通過フィルタ51に導くものである。
The implementation sequence of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 corresponds to the conventional example shown in FIG. 11, and the prediction error signal ε is guided to the high-pass filter 51 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上述べたように1本発明は、雑音と画像信号とを時間
的のみならず空間的にも区別することにより、人間の目
が追い掛けることのできる動画像においても画質の劣化
なく、極めて効果的に雑音を低減することができる。
As described above, the present invention distinguishes between noise and image signals not only temporally but also spatially, so that it is extremely effective even in moving images that the human eye can follow without deteriorating the image quality. can reduce noise.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の一実施例に係る雑音低減回路の構成図
、第2図はテレビジラン信号のエツジ部分を示す模式的
空間周波数特性図、第3図は本発明に周込られる高域通
過フィルタの通過帯域を示す模式的空間周波数特性図、
第4図は前記高域通過フィルタを構成する際のタップ係
数を示す数値表示図、第5図は本発明の他の実施例を示
す構成図、第6図、第7図は入力テレビジョン信号等の
波形状態を示す模式図、第8図、第11図は従来装置の
構成図、第9図は予測回路の構成図、第10図は補正信
号作成回路の特性図、第12図は雑音低減信号の特性図
である。 11・・・減算器、 21・・・加算器、31・・・補
正信号作成回路、 41・・・予測回路、51・・・高
域通過フィルタ、 X・・・入カテレビジ璽ン信号、金山予測信号、y・・
・雑音低減信号、  ε・・・予測誤差信号、εH・・
・高域成分、   εH’・・・補正信号。 代理人 弁理士  則 近 憲 佑 同  宇治 弘 第1E 第31!1 篇4図 第5図 第6図    第7図 第8図 fcS9図 第10図 第12図
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a noise reduction circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic spatial frequency characteristic diagram showing the edge portion of a television broadcast signal, and Fig. 3 is a high frequency characteristic diagram included in the present invention. A schematic spatial frequency characteristic diagram showing the passband of a pass filter,
FIG. 4 is a numerical display diagram showing tap coefficients when configuring the high-pass filter, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are input television signals. 8 and 11 are diagrams showing the configuration of the conventional device, Figure 9 is the configuration diagram of the prediction circuit, Figure 10 is a characteristic diagram of the correction signal generation circuit, and Figure 12 is the noise diagram. FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram of a reduced signal. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Subtractor, 21... Adder, 31... Correction signal creation circuit, 41... Prediction circuit, 51... High pass filter, X... Input television signal, Kanayama Predicted signal, y...
・Noise reduction signal, ε...Prediction error signal, εH...
・High frequency component, εH'...correction signal. Agent Patent Attorney Nori Ken Yudo Hiroshi Uji 1E No. 31! 1 Volume 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 fcS9 Figure 10 Figure 12

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 到来する入力テレビジョン信号を予測する予測回路と、
この予測回路の出力する予測信号と前記入力テレビジョ
ン信号との差である予測誤差信号を出力する減算器と、
前記予測誤差信号の空間的な高域成分を抽出する高域通
過フィルタと、前記高域成分に応じて補正信号を発生す
る補正信号作成回路とを具備し、前記補正信号と入力テ
レビジョン信号あるいは前記補正信号と予測信号のいず
れかを加算器に導き、この加算器の出力より雑音の低減
されたテレビジョン信号を得ることを特徴とするテレビ
ジョン信号の雑音低減装置。
a prediction circuit that predicts an incoming input television signal;
a subtracter that outputs a prediction error signal that is the difference between the prediction signal output from the prediction circuit and the input television signal;
A high-pass filter that extracts a spatial high-frequency component of the prediction error signal, and a correction signal generation circuit that generates a correction signal according to the high-frequency component, and the correction signal and the input television signal or A noise reduction device for a television signal, characterized in that either the correction signal or the predicted signal is guided to an adder, and a television signal with reduced noise is obtained from the output of the adder.
JP61050421A 1986-03-10 1986-03-10 Noise reduction device for television signal Pending JPS62208764A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61050421A JPS62208764A (en) 1986-03-10 1986-03-10 Noise reduction device for television signal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61050421A JPS62208764A (en) 1986-03-10 1986-03-10 Noise reduction device for television signal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62208764A true JPS62208764A (en) 1987-09-14

Family

ID=12858399

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61050421A Pending JPS62208764A (en) 1986-03-10 1986-03-10 Noise reduction device for television signal

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62208764A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5574512A (en) * 1994-08-15 1996-11-12 Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. Motion adaptive video noise reduction system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5574512A (en) * 1994-08-15 1996-11-12 Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. Motion adaptive video noise reduction system

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