JPS6218772B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6218772B2 JPS6218772B2 JP53098988A JP9898878A JPS6218772B2 JP S6218772 B2 JPS6218772 B2 JP S6218772B2 JP 53098988 A JP53098988 A JP 53098988A JP 9898878 A JP9898878 A JP 9898878A JP S6218772 B2 JPS6218772 B2 JP S6218772B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- surface layer
- leaf spring
- reinforcing
- inner layer
- layer portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/366—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers made of fibre-reinforced plastics, i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials
- F16F1/368—Leaf springs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は車輌用板ばね構造に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a leaf spring structure for a vehicle.
従来の車輌用板ばねはばね鋼製の１枚の板ばね
または複数の板ばねを積層して用いている。しか
しばね鋼のみからなる板ばね構成は堅牢度は十分
であるが比重量の大きいばね鋼を用いるため重量
が大きく車輌の軽量化を損ねまた取扱いも容易で
ない。
Conventional leaf springs for vehicles use one leaf spring made of spring steel or a plurality of leaf springs stacked together. However, although the plate spring structure made only of spring steel has sufficient robustness, it is heavy due to the use of spring steel with a large specific weight, impairing the reduction in weight of the vehicle, and is not easy to handle.
かかる点を解決するべく、樹脂特に強化繊維プ
ラスチツク、所謂FRP、により板ばねを構成す
ることが提案され一部で用いられている。 In order to solve this problem, it has been proposed and used in some cases that leaf springs be made of resin, particularly reinforced fiber plastic, so-called FRP.
しかしながら、かかるFRP製板ばねは製造時
においては強度的に問題がないが長期間に亘る使
用の間の保証は必らずしも十分でなく、合成樹脂
の特性上長期間に亘り風雨に暴されまた常時荷重
および熱的負荷が作用した場合にその強度を十分
に保持し続けるかの心配がある。
However, although such FRP leaf springs do not have any strength problems during manufacturing, they do not necessarily have sufficient guarantees during long-term use, and due to the characteristics of synthetic resin, they may not be exposed to wind and rain for long periods of time. There are also concerns about whether it will maintain its strength sufficiently when subjected to constant loads and thermal loads.
本発明によれば上記の問題点を解決するため、
金属材からなる表層部の内側に金属材からなる複
数の補強材を長手方向に並列配置して前記表層部
に溶接一体化し、さらにその内側に強化繊維樹脂
材からなる内層部を積層し、前記金属表層部と樹
脂内層部とを前記金属補強材を挾んで複合一体化
したことを特徴とする車輌用複合板ばね構造が提
供される。
According to the present invention, in order to solve the above problems,
A plurality of reinforcing materials made of a metal material are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction inside a surface layer portion made of a metal material and welded and integrated with the surface layer portion, and an inner layer portion made of a reinforcing fiber resin material is further laminated on the inside thereof, There is provided a composite leaf spring structure for a vehicle, characterized in that a metal surface layer portion and a resin inner layer portion are integrated into a composite body by sandwiching the metal reinforcing material.
本発明の実施例を図面を参照して以下に説明す
る。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
本発明の特徴を明らかにするため、まず従来の
板ばね構造の具体的構造を説明する。第７図は従
来の板ばね構造を示し、ばね鋼製の板ばね部材１
を複数枚積層しクリツプ３により締結する。この
際に積層した板ばね部材１を相互に微少移動可能
でかつ互いに分離しないよう締結している。板ば
ね部材１の１つに形成した目玉部１ａ，１ｂに挿
着したピン５，５′を車輌本体（図示せず）に直
接およびシヤツクル（図示せず）を介して枢着す
る。板ばね部材１の中央部にアクスルシヤフト
（図示せず）を固着してアクスルシヤフトに作用
する荷重を板ばね部材１により吸収する。 In order to clarify the features of the present invention, first, a specific structure of a conventional leaf spring structure will be explained. Figure 7 shows a conventional leaf spring structure, in which a leaf spring member 1 made of spring steel is shown.
A plurality of sheets are stacked and fastened with clips 3. At this time, the laminated leaf spring members 1 are fastened so that they can be moved slightly relative to each other and not separated from each other. Pins 5 and 5' inserted into eyelets 1a and 1b formed on one of the leaf spring members 1 are pivotally connected to a vehicle body (not shown) directly and via a shackle (not shown). An axle shaft (not shown) is fixed to the center of the leaf spring member 1, so that the leaf spring member 1 absorbs the load acting on the axle shaft.
第７図に示した従来の板ばね構造では板ばね部
材１を比重量の大きいばね鋼で製作するので重量
が大きく車輌重量の軽量化に際し問題となるとと
もに取扱い操作性も悪いという問題がある。 In the conventional leaf spring structure shown in FIG. 7, the leaf spring member 1 is made of spring steel with a large specific weight, which causes problems in reducing the weight of a vehicle and also causes problems in handling and operability.
これら問題を解決するための板ばね部材１を強
化繊維プラスチツクで製作することが提案され一
部で用いられている。しかし前述の如く板ばね部
材１を全て強化繊維プラスチツクで製作した場合
には、長期に亘る使用における耐久性についての
保証が必らずしも十分でない。 In order to solve these problems, it has been proposed and used in some cases that the leaf spring member 1 is made of reinforced fiber plastic. However, when the leaf spring member 1 is entirely made of reinforced fiber plastic as described above, the durability during long-term use is not necessarily sufficiently guaranteed.
次に第１図から第４図を参照して本発明の第１
実施例を説明する。本発明の第１実施例は一枚の
板ばね部材１１からなる単層板ばね構造である
が、板ばね部材１１を複数枚積層して複層板ばね
構造（図示せず）としてもよい。第１図において
板ばね部材１１はJIS G4801に規定されるSUPの
ようなばね鋼の薄板からなる表層部１３およびガ
ラス繊維または炭素繊維等の強化繊維により補強
したエポキシ樹脂等の樹脂層からなる内層部１５
を複合して一体となしている。表層部１３を構成
している金属材と内層部１５を構成している強化
繊維樹脂材とがその熱膨張係数が大きく異なりそ
れに起因する剥離が心配されるので、表層部１３
に形成し内層部１５内に突出する凸部を介して、
接着剤による接着とともにまたは接着剤による接
着に代えて機械的結合手段を採るものとする。 Next, referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An example will be explained. Although the first embodiment of the present invention has a single-layer leaf spring structure consisting of one leaf spring member 11, a plurality of leaf spring members 11 may be laminated to form a multi-layer leaf spring structure (not shown). In FIG. 1, a leaf spring member 11 has a surface layer 13 made of a thin plate of spring steel such as SUP specified in JIS G4801, and an inner layer made of a resin layer such as epoxy resin reinforced with reinforcing fibers such as glass fiber or carbon fiber. Part 15
are combined into one. Since the metal material forming the surface layer 13 and the reinforcing fiber resin material forming the inner layer 15 have significantly different coefficients of thermal expansion, there is a concern that peeling may occur due to this.
Through a convex portion formed in and protruding into the inner layer portion 15,
In addition to or in place of adhesive bonding, mechanical bonding means shall be employed.
第１実施例においては表層部１３の裏面に適宜
の間隔をあけて表層部１３と同材質または類似す
る材質の補強材１７を長手方向に配設し（第２図
参照）、縦補強材１７を表層部１３を構成してい
るばね鋼等の金属材にシーム溶接またはスポツト
溶接により固着する。更に表層部１３の端部をブ
ツシユ２１を囲周するよう円形に曲げ先端１３ａ
を鋭角をなして折返し表層部１３に溶接付けする
（第１図）。先端１３ａの近傍に第２図に示すよう
に横補強部材１９を縦補強材１７と交差する方向
にほぼ等間隔にシーム溶接またはスポツト溶接し
て固着する。横補強部材１９は縦補強部材１７と
同材質であり、補強部材１７，１９の断面形状は
第３図および第４図に示す円形のほか四角形、五
角形等の多角形としてもよい。表層部１３の裏面
に内層部１５を構成する強化繊維樹脂材、例えば
ガラス繊維を60〜70％含浸したエポキシ樹脂、を
成形することにより内層部１５は表層部１３に固
着した凸状の補強部材１７，１９のまわりに広範
な面積に亘り接着するとともに補強部材１７，１
９が内層部１５と凹凸をなして機械的に結合する
ことによる結合強度の向上とにより剥離が防止さ
れる。 In the first embodiment, reinforcing members 17 made of the same or similar material as the surface layer 13 are arranged in the longitudinal direction at appropriate intervals on the back surface of the surface layer 13 (see FIG. 2). is fixed to a metal material such as spring steel constituting the surface layer 13 by seam welding or spot welding. Furthermore, the end of the surface layer 13 is bent into a circular shape so as to surround the bush 21, and the tip 13a is bent.
is welded to the folded surface layer 13 at an acute angle (FIG. 1). As shown in FIG. 2, horizontal reinforcing members 19 are fixed near the tip 13a by seam welding or spot welding at approximately equal intervals in a direction intersecting the vertical reinforcing members 17. The horizontal reinforcing member 19 is made of the same material as the vertical reinforcing member 17, and the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing members 17, 19 may be polygonal, such as a square or a pentagon, in addition to the circular shape shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The inner layer 15 is a convex reinforcing member fixed to the surface layer 13 by molding a reinforcing fiber resin material, such as an epoxy resin impregnated with 60 to 70% glass fiber, constituting the inner layer 15 on the back surface of the surface layer 13. 17, 19 over a wide area and reinforcing members 17, 1.
Peeling is prevented by improving the bonding strength by mechanically bonding the inner layer portion 9 to the inner layer portion 15 by forming irregularities.
第１実施例では弾性率の異なる金属材製表層部
と強化繊維製内層部を複合一体化して組合せ梁を
形成している。従つて全てを強化繊維製とした場
合に比し同一寸法の場合には強度を高めまた同一
強度を得るには寸法を小型化できる。また全てを
金属製とした場合に比し重量を大幅に低減でき
る。しかも、何らかの原因により内層部が損傷し
ても表層部により荷重を受け持たせることができ
即座に板ばね部材が損壊せず損壊するまでの間に
内層部損傷による車輌振動の増加により運転者が
異常を見出し処置することができる。 In the first embodiment, a composite beam is formed by integrating a surface layer made of a metal material and an inner layer made of reinforcing fiber with different moduli of elasticity. Therefore, compared to a case where the entire structure is made of reinforcing fibers, the strength can be increased for the same size, and the size can be reduced for the same strength. Furthermore, the weight can be significantly reduced compared to when everything is made of metal. In addition, even if the inner layer is damaged for some reason, the load can be borne by the surface layer, so the leaf spring member will not be damaged immediately, and until the leaf spring is damaged, the driver will be affected by increased vehicle vibration due to damage to the inner layer. Abnormalities can be detected and treated.
次に本発明の第２実施例を第５図および第６図
を参照して説明する。第５図に示すように第２実
施例では強化繊維樹脂材製の内層部１５を２枚の
表層部１３，１３′によりサンドイツチして一体
化している。すなわち表層部１３の先端部をブツ
シユ２１を囲周するよう円形に曲げ最先端部１３
ａを鋭角に折曲げ表層部１３にシーム溶接または
スポツト溶接する。表層部１３の裏面に円形また
は適宜な断面形状をした補強部材１７を複数本長
手方向に置きシーム溶接またはスポツト溶接す
る。表層部１３と所定の間隙をなして他の表層部
１３′を平行に位置せしめ表層部１３′の先端をブ
ツシユ２１と同心円状に曲げ最先端１３′ａを鋭
角に折曲げて前述の表層部１３の先端１３ａにシ
ーム溶接またはスポツト溶接する。表層部１３′
の内側面には横補強部材１９を等間隔に長手方向
に対し交差して置きシーム溶接またはスポツト溶
接している。表層部１３，１３′の間に強化繊維
樹脂材を積層成形する。なお表層部１３，１
３′、内層部１５および補強部材１７，１９の材
質は第１実施例と同様である。 Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. As shown in FIG. 5, in the second embodiment, an inner layer portion 15 made of reinforced fiber resin is integrated by sandwiching two surface layer portions 13 and 13'. That is, the tip of the surface layer 13 is bent into a circular shape so as to surround the bush 21, and the leading edge 13 is bent.
A is bent at an acute angle and seam welded or spot welded to the surface layer 13. A plurality of reinforcing members 17 each having a circular or appropriate cross-sectional shape are placed on the back surface of the surface layer 13 in the longitudinal direction and are seam-welded or spot-welded. Another surface layer 13' is positioned parallel to the surface layer 13 with a predetermined gap, and the tip of the surface layer 13' is concentrically bent with the bush 21, and the leading edge 13'a is bent at an acute angle. Seam welding or spot welding is performed on the tip 13a of 13. Surface layer 13'
Lateral reinforcing members 19 are placed at equal intervals across the longitudinal direction of the inner surface and are seam welded or spot welded. A reinforcing fiber resin material is laminated and molded between the surface layer parts 13 and 13'. Note that the surface layer 13,1
3', the materials of the inner layer portion 15 and the reinforcing members 17 and 19 are the same as in the first embodiment.
第２実施例では引張り応力に強い金属材製の表
層部が圧縮応力に強い強化繊維樹脂材製の内層部
の両側にあるためばね部材に作用する荷重方向に
かかわらず十分な強度を発揮できるとともに前述
の第１実施例と同様に金属材製表層部と強化繊維
製内層部を複合一体化して組合せ梁を形成してい
るので強度を高め軽量化がはかれる。また何らか
の原因により内層部が損傷しても表層部により荷
重を受け持たせることができ車輌振動の増加によ
り運転者が処置することができる。またこの実施
例でも補強部材が内層部と凹凸をなして係合し機
械的結合強度の向上がはかれる。 In the second embodiment, the surface layer made of a metal material that is strong against tensile stress is located on both sides of the inner layer made of a reinforced fiber resin material that is strong against compressive stress, so that sufficient strength can be exhibited regardless of the direction of the load acting on the spring member. As in the first embodiment described above, the surface layer made of metal material and the inner layer made of reinforcing fiber are integrated into a composite structure to form a combined beam, thereby increasing strength and reducing weight. Furthermore, even if the inner layer is damaged for some reason, the load can be borne by the surface layer, and the driver can take measures due to the increase in vehicle vibration. Further, in this embodiment as well, the reinforcing member engages with the inner layer portion in an uneven manner, thereby improving the mechanical bonding strength.
以下のように、本発明は板ばねを全て強化繊維
樹脂材で構成した場合ほどではないが全て金属材
で構成した場合に比して著しく軽量化できまた本
発明の板ばねは金属材からなる表層部および強化
繊維樹脂からなる内層部を複合して一体になして
いるので組合せ梁の効果により表層部および内層
部が板ばねに作用する荷重により生じる応力を分
担して受持つ。このために単に金属体と繊維樹脂
材を積層した板ばねに比較して軽量化および強度
の向上がはかれる。
As described below, the present invention can significantly reduce the weight compared to the case where the leaf spring is made entirely of metal materials, although it is not as great as when the leaf spring is made entirely of reinforced fiber resin material, and the leaf spring of the present invention is made of metal materials. Since the surface layer part and the inner layer part made of reinforcing fiber resin are composited and integrated, the surface layer part and the inner layer part share and bear the stress generated by the load acting on the leaf spring due to the effect of the combined beam. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the weight and improve the strength compared to a leaf spring that simply laminates a metal body and a fiber resin material.
また本発明によれば、金属表層部と強化繊維樹
脂内層部との複合により複合板ばね構造が軽量化
されるとともに、金属表層部と強化繊維樹脂内層
部とが金属表層部に溶接した補強材により形成さ
れる凸部を介して複合一体化されているので、接
合面積が大きく結合強度が向上し両層間の剥離が
防止され、複合板ばね構造として強度が高く耐久
性が向上するものとなる。さらに前記補強材の介
在により板ばね全体の強度が向上し車輌用板ばね
構造として好適なものとなる。 Further, according to the present invention, the weight of the composite leaf spring structure is reduced by combining the metal surface layer and the reinforcing fiber resin inner layer, and the reinforcing material is made by welding the metal surface layer and the reinforcing fiber resin inner layer to the metal surface layer. Since the composite is integrated through the convex portion formed by the above, the bonding area is large, the bonding strength is improved, and separation between the two layers is prevented, resulting in a composite leaf spring structure with high strength and improved durability. . Furthermore, the presence of the reinforcing material improves the overall strength of the leaf spring, making it suitable as a leaf spring structure for vehicles.
第１図は本発明の第１実施例の正面図、第２図
は第１図の―矢視図、第３図は第１図の部
拡大図、第４図は第３図の―矢視図、第５図
は本発明の第２実施例の斜視図、第６図は第５図
の部拡大図、第７図は従来装置の斜視図であ
る。
１１…板ばね部材、１３，１３′…表層部、１
５…内層部、１７…補強材、１９…横補強材。
1 is a front view of the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a conventional device. 11...Plate spring member, 13, 13'...Surface layer part, 1
5... Inner layer part, 17... Reinforcement material, 19... Lateral reinforcement material.
Claims (1)
る複数の補強材を長手方向に並列配置して前記表
層部に溶接一体化し、さらにその内側に強化繊維
樹脂材からなる内層部を積層し、前記金属表層部
と樹脂内層部とを前記金属補強材を挾んで複合一
体化したことを特徴とする車輌用複合板ばね構
造。1. A plurality of reinforcing materials made of a metal material are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction inside a surface layer portion made of a metal material, welded and integrated with the surface layer portion, and an inner layer portion made of a reinforcing fiber resin material is further laminated on the inside thereof, A composite plate spring structure for a vehicle, characterized in that the metal surface layer portion and the resin inner layer portion are integrated into a composite body by sandwiching the metal reinforcing material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9898878A JPS5527522A (en) | 1978-08-16 | 1978-08-16 | Construction of composite plate-spring for vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9898878A JPS5527522A (en) | 1978-08-16 | 1978-08-16 | Construction of composite plate-spring for vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5527522A JPS5527522A (en) | 1980-02-27 |
| JPS6218772B2 true JPS6218772B2 (en) | 1987-04-24 |
Family
ID=14234367
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9898878A Granted JPS5527522A (en) | 1978-08-16 | 1978-08-16 | Construction of composite plate-spring for vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5527522A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5894647A (en) * | 1981-12-01 | 1983-06-04 | Chuo Spring Co Ltd | Compound leaf spring for suspending chassis |
| JPS60101333A (en) * | 1983-11-07 | 1985-06-05 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | Frp laminated leaf spring device |
| EP0162191A1 (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1985-11-27 | Hoesch Aktiengesellschaft | Leaf spring, in particular for the spring suspension of vehicles |
| JPH0319626Y2 (en) * | 1986-05-09 | 1991-04-25 | ||
| US6012709A (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 2000-01-11 | Pacific Coast Composites | Hybrid leaf spring and suspension system for supporting an axle on a vehicle |
| US6461455B1 (en) | 2000-01-24 | 2002-10-08 | Pacific Coast Composites | Method of producing a hybrid leaf spring |
-
1978
- 1978-08-16 JP JP9898878A patent/JPS5527522A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5527522A (en) | 1980-02-27 |
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