JPS6216684B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6216684B2 JPS6216684B2 JP57035777A JP3577782A JPS6216684B2 JP S6216684 B2 JPS6216684 B2 JP S6216684B2 JP 57035777 A JP57035777 A JP 57035777A JP 3577782 A JP3577782 A JP 3577782A JP S6216684 B2 JPS6216684 B2 JP S6216684B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- water
- upper layer
- specific gravity
- material support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は堅型に配置されて２重に設けられた
層で原水の過洗浄を行う過装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a filtration device for over-cleaning raw water using double layers arranged in a vertical manner.
粒状材を充填した過装置では砂、アンスラ
サイト等の粒径分布を有する材を充填すると、
逆洗時の流動分級作用で材が下部から上部に向
かつて粒子径の粗いものから細かいものの順に積
層される。従つて過工程の水流方向は上向流方
式の場合層全体で濁質を補捉することになり損
失水頭の上昇が少く、過継続時間が長い長所を
有している。このため上向流方式が広く利用され
ておりこれに加えて過面積を増大するために下
向流を併用した上下向流方式へと改良されてい
る。 In a filter device filled with granular material, if it is filled with material with a particle size distribution such as sand or anthracite,
Due to the fluid classification effect during backwashing, the materials are stacked from the bottom to the top in order of particle size, from coarse to fine. Therefore, when the water flow direction in the overflow process is an upward flow type, the suspended solids are captured in the entire layer, which has the advantage that the increase in head loss is small and the overflow duration time is long. For this reason, the upward flow system is widely used, and in addition to this, it has been improved to an up-down flow system that uses downward flow in combination to increase the oversurface area.
第１図には従来用いられている上下向流方式の
過装置が示されており、過塔１０内の層１
２は粒径0.5〜1.2mmの砂が充填されており、この
層１２が砂利を充填した材支持層１４上へ積
層されている。過原水は原水供給管１６から
過塔１０の下部に流入され、材支持層１４を通
過して濁質の一部が除去され１次過が行われ
る。この１次過水のうちの一部は材支持層１
４内に設けた下部集水管１８から連結管２０を通
つて過塔１０の上部へ流入し、層１２を下向
き流で通過し２次過される。この２次過され
た水は上部集水管２２で集水され外部へ排出され
る。一方下部集水管１８で集水されない残りの１
次過水は上向流で層１２を通過し、上部集水
管２２で集水される。 FIG. 1 shows a conventionally used up-and-down counterflow type filtration device, in which the layer 1 in the filtration column 10 is
2 is filled with sand having a grain size of 0.5 to 1.2 mm, and this layer 12 is laminated on a material support layer 14 filled with gravel. The raw water flows into the lower part of the filter tower 10 from the raw water supply pipe 16, passes through the material support layer 14, some of the suspended solids are removed, and primary filtration is performed. A part of this primary superhydration is contained in the material support layer 1.
The water flows from the lower water collection pipe 18 provided in the tank 4 through the connecting pipe 20 to the upper part of the filter tower 10, passes through the layer 12 in a downward flow, and is subjected to secondary filtration. This secondary filtered water is collected by the upper water collection pipe 22 and discharged to the outside. On the other hand, the remaining water that is not collected by the lower water collection pipe 18
The perfused water then passes through the bed 12 in an upward flow and is collected in the upper collection pipe 22.
この過装置の逆洗工程では、逆洗空気供給管
２４から空気が、逆浄水供給管２６から逆洗水が
供給されて層１２の材が流動し、粒子相互が
衝突して洗浄され、次の過工程が可能となる。 In the backwash process of this filtration device, air is supplied from the backwash air supply pipe 24 and backwash water is supplied from the backwash water supply pipe 26, causing the material of the layer 12 to flow, causing particles to collide with each other and being washed. This enables over-processing.
ところがこの過装置では、逆洗速度が30〜50
ｍ／ｈであり層１２はこの逆洗水で流動する
が、砂利が充填された材支持層１４は流動しな
い。材に補捉された濁質の剥離程度は充填粒子
の流動による粒子相互の衝突力に影響するもので
あり、排水中の最も汚ない濁質が付着している
材支持層１４は濁質が残留することになる。この
残留した濁質は過装置の上記運転において次第
に蓄積し、逆洗時における濁質の剥離現象である
濁質除去率を低下させ、過支持層の損失水頭の
増加等により過装置の運転安定性が著しく低下
する。この不具合は上向流方式の場合にも上下向
流方式と同様である。 However, with this filtration device, the backwashing speed is 30 to 50%.
m/h, and the layer 12 flows with this backwash water, but the material support layer 14 filled with gravel does not flow. The degree of separation of suspended solids trapped in the material affects the collision force between the particles due to the flow of the packed particles, and the material support layer 14 to which the most polluted suspended solids in wastewater are attached is It will remain. This residual turbidity gradually accumulates during the above-mentioned operation of the filtration device, lowering the turbidity removal rate which is a phenomenon of turbidity peeling off during backwashing, and causing the operation of the filtration device to become unstable due to an increase in water head loss in the oversupporting layer, etc. Sexuality is significantly reduced. This problem is the same in the case of the upward flow method as in the case of the vertical flow method.
本発明は上記事実を考慮し、材支持層の濁質
残留量を少なくし、長期に安定した運転が可能な
過装置を得ることが目的である。 In consideration of the above-mentioned facts, the present invention aims to reduce the amount of suspended solids remaining in the material support layer and to obtain a filtration device capable of stable operation over a long period of time.
本発明に係る過装置は材支持層上へ下部
層及びこの下部層の材よりも流動化開始速度
が小さい材で構成される上部層を配設し、上
部層と下部層の境界付近に設けた上部集水管
から取り出した１次過水を材支持層下方から
上向流で送り込んで材支持層の濁質補捉量を少
なくしている。 The filtration device according to the present invention includes a lower layer and an upper layer made of a material whose fluidization start speed is lower than that of the material in the lower layer, and is provided near the boundary between the upper layer and the lower layer. The primary permeate water taken out from the upper water collection pipe is sent in an upward flow from below the material support layer to reduce the amount of suspended solids trapped in the material support layer.
以下本発明の実施例を図面に従い説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第２図に示される本実施例の過装置では、
過塔２８の内部下端部付近に材支持層３０が、
この材支持層３０上には下部層３２及び上部
層３４がそれぞれ配置されている。 In the device of this embodiment shown in FIG. 2,
A material support layer 30 is provided near the inner lower end of the filter tower 28.
A lower layer 32 and an upper layer 34 are disposed on this material support layer 30, respectively.
材支持層３０は粒径３〜６mm、６〜15mm、15
〜25mmの砂利を上から順次積層し、下部層３２
は材が比重2.5、粒径0.5〜1.0mmの砂、上部層
３４は比重1.06、粒径６mmのプラスチツク材が
用いられている。 The material support layer 30 has particle sizes of 3 to 6 mm, 6 to 15 mm, and 15
Gravel of ~25 mm is laminated sequentially from the top, and the bottom layer 32
The upper layer 34 is made of sand with a specific gravity of 2.5 and a particle size of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and the upper layer 34 is made of plastic material with a specific gravity of 1.06 and a particle size of 6 mm.
下部層３２の中間部には２次過水の取出し
口である下部集水管３６が、上部層３４の下部
には１次過水の取出し口である上部集水管３８
がそれぞれ設けられている。これらの集水管３
６，３８は多数の開口から過水を取出してそれ
ぞれ２次過水排出管４０及び連結管４２へ送り
出すようになつている。 In the middle part of the lower layer 32, there is a lower water collection pipe 36 which is an outlet for taking out secondary super water, and in the lower part of the upper layer 34, there is an upper water collecting pipe 38 which is an outlet for taking out primary super water.
are provided for each. These water collection pipes 3
Reference numerals 6 and 38 are designed to take out superfluous water from a large number of openings and send it to a secondary superfluous water discharge pipe 40 and a connecting pipe 42, respectively.
連結管４２の先端は過塔２８の下端部へ開口
しており、１次過水を材支持層３０の下方へ
供給するようになつている。この過塔２８の下
端部には逆洗空気供給管２４及び逆洗水供給管２
６がそれぞれ連通して図示しない空気供給源及び
逆洗水供給源からの空気及び逆洗水を過塔２８
内へ送り込むようになつている。 The tip of the connecting pipe 42 opens to the lower end of the filtration tower 28, and is adapted to supply primary filtration water to the lower part of the material support layer 30. A backwash air supply pipe 24 and a backwash water supply pipe 2 are provided at the lower end of the filter tower 28.
6 are in communication with each other to pass air and backwash water from an air supply source and a backwash water supply source (not shown) to the filter tower 28.
It is designed to be sent inward.
過塔２８の上端部には原水供給管１６及び逆
洗排出管４４が連通されており、原水供給管１６
は原水を過塔２８の上部から上部層３４へ供
給し、逆洗排出管４４は逆洗水を過塔２８の上
部から排出するようになつている。 The raw water supply pipe 16 and the backwash discharge pipe 44 are connected to the upper end of the filter tower 28, and the raw water supply pipe 16
The raw water is supplied from the upper part of the filter tower 28 to the upper layer 34, and the backwash discharge pipe 44 is designed to discharge backwash water from the upper part of the filter tower 28.
このように構成された本実施例の過工程は、
原水供給管１６からの原水が過塔２８の上部か
ら上部層３４へ供給される。原水は下向流で上
部層３４内を通過して濁質が除去されて１次
過が行われる。 The over-step of this embodiment configured in this way is as follows:
Raw water from the raw water supply pipe 16 is supplied from the upper part of the filter tower 28 to the upper layer 34 . The raw water passes through the upper layer 34 in a downward direction to remove suspended solids and undergo primary filtration.
１次過水の一部は上部集水管３８で集水さ
れ、連結管４２を介して過塔２８の下部へ流入
する。流入した水は材支持層３０及び下部層
３２を上向流で通水し、２次過が行われて下部
集水管３６から排出される。 A portion of the primary permeate water is collected in the upper water collection pipe 38 and flows into the lower part of the filter tower 28 via the connecting pipe 42 . The inflowing water passes through the material support layer 30 and the lower layer 32 in an upward flow, undergoes a secondary filtration, and is discharged from the lower water collection pipe 36.
一方上部集水管３８で集水されなかつた残りの
１次過水は下向流で通水して下部集水管３６で
集水され、上向流の２次過水と合流して排出管
４０により過塔２８から排出される。 On the other hand, the remaining primary water that has not been collected in the upper water collection pipe 38 flows downward and is collected in the lower water collection pipe 36, where it joins with the secondary water flowing upward to the discharge pipe 40. is discharged from the filter column 28.
このように過原水中の濁質は上部層３４で
１次過された後に材支持層３０へ通水される
ので、材支持層３０での濁質補捉量は極めて少
ない。 In this way, the suspended solids in the raw water are first passed through the upper layer 34 and then passed through the material support layer 30, so the amount of suspended solids trapped in the material support layer 30 is extremely small.
逆洗工程では、逆洗空気供給管２４から空気を
過塔２８へ供給して１次逆洗を行う。空気供給
を停止した後、洗浄水を逆洗水供給管２６から
過塔２８の下部へ流入させる。この洗浄水は下部
層３２及び上部層３４を流動化させこれらの
材から濁質を剥離し、剥離した濁質が逆洗排出
管４４から過塔２８の外部へ排出される。 In the backwashing process, air is supplied from the backwash air supply pipe 24 to the filter tower 28 to perform primary backwashing. After the air supply is stopped, the wash water is made to flow into the lower part of the filter tower 28 from the backwash water supply pipe 26. This washing water fluidizes the lower layer 32 and the upper layer 34 to separate the suspended solids from these materials, and the separated suspended solids are discharged to the outside of the filter column 28 from the backwash discharge pipe 44.
上部層３４は１次過により補捉した濁質を
大量に有するが、上部層の材は下部層の
材よりも比重が小さいため流動化開始速度が小さ
く従つて容易に流動し、材粒子層が激しく衝突
して濁質が完全に剥離される。 The upper layer 34 has a large amount of suspended solids captured by the primary filtration, but since the material in the upper layer has a lower specific gravity than the material in the lower layer, the fluidization start speed is low and therefore it flows easily, and the material particle layer The particles collide violently and the suspended solids are completely separated.
下部層３２の材は上部層の材よりも比
重が大きいために流動化開始速度が上部層より
大きい。すなわち、流動後の同一逆洗速度におい
ては層膨張率が上部層より小さく、上部層
の材ほど流動化せず、従つて逆洗終了後は下部
材と上部材は再び上下に分離されて下部層
３２及び上部層３４を構成するため上部材と
下部材の粒径の構成が変化することはない。 Since the material of the lower layer 32 has a higher specific gravity than the material of the upper layer, the fluidization start speed is higher than that of the upper layer. In other words, at the same backwashing speed after flow, the layer expansion coefficient is smaller than that of the upper layer, and the material in the upper layer is not as fluidized as the material in the upper layer. Since the layer 32 and the upper layer 34 are formed, the structure of the grain size of the upper member and the lower member does not change.
また材支持層３０は１次過後の処理水が流
入されるので濁質補捉量は少なく、空気洗浄及び
逆洗水で充分に濁質が剥離され、逆洗後に残留す
る濁質は著しく少ない。 In addition, since the treated water after the primary filtration flows into the material support layer 30, the amount of suspended matter trapped is small, and the suspended matter is sufficiently removed by air washing and backwashing water, and the amount of suspended matter remaining after backwashing is extremely small. .
なお上部層の材は比重1.05〜1.10、粒径３
〜６mm、下部層の材比重が2.4〜2.6、粒径0.5
〜1.0mm程度が適用可能である。また上記実施例
では上部層の材は下部層の材よりも比重
が小さく大粒径である構成を示したが、上部層
の材の流動化開始速度を下部層の材の流動
化開始速度よりも若干小さくした構成であれば全
て適用可能である。すなわち、上部層及び下部
層の材は一種類の材ではなく、２種類以上
の材を積層した多層構成であつてもよい。 The material in the upper layer has a specific gravity of 1.05 to 1.10 and a particle size of 3.
~6mm, lower layer material specific gravity 2.4~2.6, particle size 0.5
Approximately 1.0mm is applicable. In addition, in the above example, the upper layer material has a smaller specific gravity and larger particle size than the lower layer material, but the fluidization start speed of the upper layer material is higher than the fluidization start speed of the lower layer material. Any configuration that is slightly smaller can be applied. That is, the materials of the upper layer and the lower layer may not be one type of material, but may have a multilayer structure in which two or more types of materials are laminated.
以上説明した如く本発明に係る過装置は材
支持層上へ下部層及びこの下部層の材より
も流動化開始速度が小さい材を有する上部層
を配置し、上部層の上方へ原水を供給し、２次
過水は材支持層下方へ供給して上向流とする
ので材支持層の残留濁質が少なく、長期に安定
した運転を可能とする優れた効果を有する。 As explained above, the filtration device according to the present invention arranges a lower layer and an upper layer having a material whose fluidization initiation speed is lower than that of the material in the lower layer on the material support layer, and supplies raw water above the upper layer. Since the secondary filtration water is supplied below the material support layer and flows upward, there is little residual turbidity in the material support layer, which has an excellent effect of enabling stable operation over a long period of time.
第１図は従来の過装置を示す断面図、第２図
は本発明に係る過装置の実施例を示す断面図で
ある。
２８…過塔、３０…材支持層、３２…下部
層、３４…上部層、３６…下部集水管、３８
…上部集水管。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a conventional filtering device, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the filtering device according to the present invention. 28... Passing tower, 30... Material support layer, 32... Lower layer, 34... Upper layer, 36... Lower water collection pipe, 38
...Upper water collection pipe.
Claims (1)
材よりも流動化開始速度が小さい材で構成さ
れる上部層を配置し、上部層の上方へ原水供
給管を設け上部層と下部層の境界付近に上部
集水管を設け、上部層を通過した水の一部を、
１次過水として取り出して材支持層下方へ供
給し、下部材内へ設けた下部集水管から２次
過水を取り出す過装置。 ２ 前記上部層の材は下部層の材よりも
比重が小さく大粒径であることを特徴とした特許
請求の範囲第１項に記載の過装置。 ３ 前記上部層の材は比重が1.05〜1.10、粒
径が３〜６mm、下部層の材は比重が2.4〜
2.6、粒径が0.5〜1.0mmであることを特徴とした特
許請求の範囲第１項に記載の過装置。[Claims] 1. A lower layer and an upper layer made of a material whose fluidization start speed is lower than that of the material in this lower layer are arranged on the material support layer, and a raw water supply pipe is provided above the upper layer. An upper water collection pipe is installed near the boundary between the upper layer and the lower layer, and a portion of the water that has passed through the upper layer is collected.
A filtration device that extracts primary filtrate and supplies it to the lower part of the material support layer, and takes out secondary filtrate from a lower water collection pipe provided in the lower member. 2. The filtering device according to claim 1, wherein the material of the upper layer has a smaller specific gravity and larger grain size than the material of the lower layer. 3 The material of the upper layer has a specific gravity of 1.05 to 1.10 and a particle size of 3 to 6 mm, and the material of the lower layer has a specific gravity of 2.4 to 1.10.
2.6. The filtering device according to claim 1, wherein the particle size is 0.5 to 1.0 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57035777A JPS58153510A (en) | 1982-03-09 | 1982-03-09 | Filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57035777A JPS58153510A (en) | 1982-03-09 | 1982-03-09 | Filter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58153510A JPS58153510A (en) | 1983-09-12 |
| JPS6216684B2 true JPS6216684B2 (en) | 1987-04-14 |
Family
ID=12451318
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57035777A Granted JPS58153510A (en) | 1982-03-09 | 1982-03-09 | Filter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58153510A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0529351Y2 (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1993-07-27 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5372786A (en) * | 1976-12-10 | 1978-06-28 | Kubota Ltd | Back washing method for ion exchange resin |
-
1982
- 1982-03-09 JP JP57035777A patent/JPS58153510A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5372786A (en) * | 1976-12-10 | 1978-06-28 | Kubota Ltd | Back washing method for ion exchange resin |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0529351Y2 (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1993-07-27 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58153510A (en) | 1983-09-12 |
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