JPS62166094A - Powder material for powder welding - Google Patents

Powder material for powder welding

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Publication number
JPS62166094A
JPS62166094A JP698886A JP698886A JPS62166094A JP S62166094 A JPS62166094 A JP S62166094A JP 698886 A JP698886 A JP 698886A JP 698886 A JP698886 A JP 698886A JP S62166094 A JPS62166094 A JP S62166094A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
welding
powder
powder material
plasma
arc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP698886A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshihisa Kato
喜久 加藤
Hitoshi Hayakawa
均 早川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daido Steel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Daido Steel Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daido Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Daido Steel Co Ltd
Priority to JP698886A priority Critical patent/JPS62166094A/en
Publication of JPS62166094A publication Critical patent/JPS62166094A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve plasma joining and welding by incorporating iron powder into a powder material to be used as a filler metal for plasma joining and welding and specifying the grain size of the powder material to a specific range. CONSTITUTION:The powder material as the filler metal is maintained within an about 20-350 mesh range. Powder of a carbon steel, etc., and reduced iron powder are used for the iron powder of the above-mentioned powder material. Such powder material is thrown into a plasma arc from between a nozzle 3 and a tip 2 and a bead 7 of the required shape is formed by taking care for allowing the arc to exist on a pool 6. Joining and welding of not only thin sheets but also thick plates is made possible by using such powder material and deposition efficiency and bead characteristic are improved.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

(産業上の利用分野) 本発明は溶接用粉末材料に係り、より詳細には。 プラズマアークを熱源として被溶接材を接合する粉体溶
接に用いる溶加材としての粉末材料に関する。 (従来の技術及び問題点) 一般にプラズマトーク溶接は電極と母材(被溶接材)の
間にプラズマアークを発生させ、このプラズマアークを
熱源として用いる融接法として知られており、溶接の高
速化が可能で、熱影響部及び歪が少なく、低電流域での
アークの安定性が優れていること等により、0.4mm
以下の薄板の溶接施工に適用されている。 ところで、プラズマアーク溶接の利点を活かした溶接法
としていわゆるppw法(P lasma P ow−
der Welding)と称される粉体溶接法が近年
開発され、注目されている。 このppw法は、第3図に示すように、電極1、水冷さ
れているチップ2及びノズル3からなるトーチを用い、
まず電極1(−)とチップ2(+)との間にパイロット
電源PS1にてパイロット電流を流して発生するアーク
をプラズマガス(Ar、Ar+He、He等)によって
プラズマアークとなし、次に被溶接材4(+)と電極1
(−)との間に主電源PS2にて溶接電流を流し、水冷
されたチップ2によりプラズマ熱源を安定化する一方、
粉末定量切出装置(図示せず)より粉末材料(溶加材)
を切出し、キャリアガス(A、Co、、He又はこれら
の組合せ)と共にノズル3とチップ2の間からプラダマ
アーク中に投入溶融させて、シールドガス(Ar、 G
 O2又はこれらの組合せ)の下で被溶接材4上に肉盛
層5を形成するもので、プラズマ肉盛溶接法である。こ
のPPW法によれば、肉盛材として粉末材料を用いるこ
とから、肉盛材の材料選択が広範囲にわたって容易にな
し得ると共に被溶接材(母材)の溶込み量が少なく、シ
たがって希釈率が低く、また溶接速度が速く能率的であ
る等々の利点がある。 しかし、PPW法に用いる溶接装置(ppw溶接機)は
電気溶接等の他の溶接法に用いる装置に比べて高価であ
るため、上記肉盛溶接への適用のみならず、他の溶接分
野へ拡大して適用できる方策が必要であり、そのために
は溶接態様に適合した安価な溶加材の開発が望まれてい
た。 (発明の目的) 本発明は、かNる要請に応えるべくなされたものであっ
て、上記PPW法の新たな溶接態様を見い出すと共にそ
れに適合した安価な溶加材(粉末材料)を提供すること
を目的とするものである。 (発明の構成) 前述の如く、従来のプラズマアーク溶接はTIG溶接な
どでは困難な0.4mm以下の薄板の溶接に適用されて
いたが、この溶接はキーホール溶接と称される突合せ溶
接であって、一対の対向させた薄板の端面を突合せ、プ
ラズマアークで端面を溶融させて接合するものである。 この方法をより肉厚の突合せ溶接に適用するには、溶接
開先(■開先)を形成し、ルート部にプラズマアーク突
き抜は防止用の嵌着捧を使用することが考えられるが、
これでは溶込みが生ぜず、単に嵌着捧に溶融物を乗せた
だけの接合部となり、強度のある突合せ溶接部が得られ
ない。 そこで、本発明者らは、前記PPW法が溶加材として粉
末材料を用いる点に着目して、厚肉の被溶接材の接合を
安価に可能にする方策を検討した。 すなわち、従来のPPW法では、肉盛溶接を対象として
いたために、耐摩耗性、耐食性、耐二ローション性、耐
熱性などを確保するべくステライト等の高価な特殊な合
金粉末が溶加材として用いられていた。しかし、この態
様のPPW法を厚肉の被溶接材の接合溶接にそのまま適
用したのではPpw溶接機の経済性に高価な溶加材を使
用することになり、実用化が困難である。 その対策として、可能な限り各種材質の被溶接材の接合
溶接を実現化する汎用性があり、かつ。 安価な溶加材の開発が必要であることから、本発明者ら
は鉄粉の使用を試みた。その結果、PPW法での溶接施
工に後述の如く若干の工夫を加えるのみで、厚肉の被溶
接材の接合溶接(突合せ溶接、隅肉溶接等)を可能にし
たものである。 すなわち、本発明に係る粉体溶接用粉末材料は、鉄粉を
必須成分とするもので、これをプラズマ接合溶接の溶加
材として使用せんとするものである。 以下に本発明を実施例に基づいて詳述する。 本発明の粉末材料の必須成分とする鉄粉はFe+C+S
i+Mn又はFe+Cといった炭素鋼の粉末や低合金鋼
、合金鋼、ステンレス鋼等々の各種材質の粉末が可能で
あり、還元鉄粉でもよい。またこれらの鉄粉を単味で或
いは2種類以上のものをブレンドして溶加材とすること
もできる。還元鉄粉の使用態様として酸化鉄の粉末をH
2ガス(キャリアガス)と共に供給して還元鉄にて溶加
材とすることも可能である。 粉末材料は粗い粒子のものの方がよく、焼結などに使用
しえない粉末を利用できる。粒度としては20〜20.
0メツシュ程度が好ましく、溶接性(高速性)を確保す
るにはこの範囲内で細かいものの方がよい、なお、粉末
にフラックスをコーティングして使用することもできる
。 PPW法の溶接施工に際しては、第1図に示すように、
従来と同様の構成のPPW溶接機を使用するが、まず突
合せ溶接では被溶接材(母材)4に開先(X形、V形等
)を形成する。隅肉溶接の場合にはそのまま溶接できる
。被溶接材4の溶かし込みを防止するためにプラズマア
ークを溶融したブール6上に存在させることを留意し、
また必要に応じてトーチを左右にウィービングして必要
な形状のビード7を形成させる。なお、非消耗電極(T
 I G)、消耗電極、ガス、電子ビーム等の他の熱源
を併用することができる。 上記溶接法によれば、粉末を供給して接合溶接を行うの
で、同一電流を使用した場合でMIG溶接で溶着する量
の約1.5倍多く溶着でき、溶着効率は電気アーク溶接
(MIG)の5%アップ、被覆アーク溶接の20%アッ
プが期待できる。また、MIG溶接では大電流、大ビー
ドをつくろうとすると梨状のビードになり、ビード割れ
が発生するが、本性ではそのような発生はみられない。 特に高合金鋼や高炭素鋼の接合溶接を予熱なしで実施し
てもビード割れや二番割れが発生しない。またイナート
アーク溶接の1種とも言えるので、スケールの生成が少
なく、ビード表面が美麗であり、サブマージドアーク溶
接の如くフラックスの飛散や回収の必要がないのは云う
までもない。 (実施例) 第2図(a)に示す開先形状及び寸法の接合部に対し、
第1図に示したPPW溶接機を用い、第1表に示す溶接
条件で表面側を3パス、裏面側を2パスにて突合せ溶接
を行った。また、第2図(b)に示す隅肉溶接部に対し
ても、同様に第2表に示す溶接条件で2パスにて隅肉溶
接を行った。 以上の突合せ溶接及び隅肉溶接の各々を第3表に示す材
質の被溶接材並びに溶加材(粉末)の組合せにて行い、
溶接後に引張試験と曲げ試験を行った。それらの結果を
同表に併記した。いずれも母材部で破断し、曲げ試験の
結果も良好で欠陥が認められなかった。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to powder materials for welding, and more particularly. The present invention relates to a powder material as a filler metal used in powder welding to join materials to be welded using a plasma arc as a heat source. (Prior art and problems) Plasma talk welding is generally known as a fusion welding method that generates a plasma arc between an electrode and a base material (material to be welded) and uses this plasma arc as a heat source. 0.4mm, has low heat affected zone and distortion, and has excellent arc stability in the low current range.
It is applied to welding the following thin plates. By the way, the so-called ppw method (Plasma Pow-) is a welding method that takes advantage of the advantages of plasma arc welding.
A powder welding method called der welding has been developed in recent years and is attracting attention. This ppw method uses a torch consisting of an electrode 1, a water-cooled tip 2, and a nozzle 3, as shown in FIG.
First, a pilot current is passed between electrode 1 (-) and tip 2 (+) using pilot power supply PS1, and the arc generated is turned into a plasma arc by plasma gas (Ar, Ar+He, He, etc.), and then Material 4 (+) and electrode 1
A welding current is passed between the main power source PS2 and the water-cooled tip 2 to stabilize the plasma heat source.
Powder material (filler metal) from powder quantitative cutting device (not shown)
is cut out and put into a Pradamer arc between the nozzle 3 and the tip 2 together with a carrier gas (A, Co, He, or a combination thereof) and melted.
This is a plasma build-up welding method in which a build-up layer 5 is formed on the material to be welded 4 under (O2 or a combination thereof). According to this PPW method, since a powder material is used as the overlay material, it is possible to easily select a wide range of materials for the overlay material, and the penetration amount of the material to be welded (base metal) is small, resulting in dilution. It has advantages such as low welding rate, fast welding speed, and efficiency. However, the welding equipment used in the PPW method (PPW welding machine) is more expensive than the equipment used in other welding methods such as electric welding, so it is being applied not only to the above-mentioned overlay welding but also to other welding fields. There is a need for a measure that can be applied to various welding processes, and for this purpose, it has been desired to develop an inexpensive filler metal that is compatible with the welding process. (Purpose of the Invention) The present invention was made in response to the above requirements, and it is an object of the present invention to discover a new welding mode of the above-mentioned PPW method and to provide an inexpensive filler metal (powder material) that is compatible with it. The purpose is to (Structure of the Invention) As mentioned above, conventional plasma arc welding has been applied to welding thin plates of 0.4 mm or less, which is difficult to do with TIG welding, but this welding is a butt welding called keyhole welding. The end faces of a pair of thin plates facing each other are butted together, and the end faces are melted and joined using a plasma arc. In order to apply this method to thicker butt welding, it is possible to form a welding groove (■ groove) and use a stopper at the root to prevent plasma arc penetration.
In this case, penetration does not occur, and the joint is simply a molten material placed on a stopper, making it impossible to obtain a strong butt weld. Therefore, the present inventors focused on the fact that the PPW method uses a powder material as a filler material, and investigated measures to enable joining of thick materials to be welded at low cost. In other words, since the conventional PPW method was aimed at overlay welding, expensive special alloy powders such as stellite were used as filler materials to ensure wear resistance, corrosion resistance, lotion resistance, heat resistance, etc. It was used. However, if this PPW method is directly applied to joining and welding thick materials to be welded, an expensive filler metal will be used due to the economic efficiency of the Ppw welding machine, making it difficult to put it into practical use. As a countermeasure, we have the versatility to realize welding of welded materials of various materials as much as possible. Since it is necessary to develop an inexpensive filler metal, the present inventors attempted to use iron powder. As a result, joining welding of thick materials to be welded (butt welding, fillet welding, etc.) has become possible by simply adding some improvements to the welding process using the PPW method as described below. That is, the powder material for powder welding according to the present invention has iron powder as an essential component, and is intended to be used as a filler material in plasma bonding welding. The present invention will be explained in detail below based on examples. The iron powder that is an essential component of the powder material of the present invention is Fe+C+S
Possible materials include powders of carbon steel such as i+Mn or Fe+C, powders of various materials such as low alloy steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel, and reduced iron powder may also be used. Further, these iron powders can be used alone or in a blend of two or more kinds to be used as a filler material. How to use reduced iron powder: H
It is also possible to use reduced iron as a filler material by supplying it together with two gases (carrier gas). Powder materials with coarse particles are better, and powders that cannot be used for sintering can be used. The particle size is 20-20.
Approximately 0 mesh is preferable, and in order to ensure weldability (high speed), it is better to have a finer mesh within this range.Furthermore, the powder can also be used by coating with flux. When welding using the PPW method, as shown in Figure 1,
A PPW welding machine having the same configuration as the conventional one is used, but in the butt welding, a groove (X-shape, V-shape, etc.) is first formed in the material to be welded (base metal) 4. In the case of fillet welding, it can be welded as is. It is noted that the plasma arc is present on the molten boule 6 to prevent melting of the material 4 to be welded,
Further, if necessary, the torch is weaved from side to side to form a bead 7 of a required shape. In addition, the non-consumable electrode (T
Other heat sources such as IG), consumable electrodes, gas, and electron beams can be used in combination. According to the above welding method, since the welding is performed by supplying powder, it is possible to deposit about 1.5 times more than the amount deposited by MIG welding when the same current is used, and the welding efficiency is higher than that of electric arc welding (MIG). We can expect a 5% increase in production and a 20% increase in covered arc welding. In addition, in MIG welding, when a large current is used to create a large bead, the bead becomes pear-shaped and cracks occur, but such occurrences are not observed in the actual welding process. In particular, bead cracks and second cracks do not occur even when welding high alloy steel or high carbon steel without preheating. Also, since it can be said to be a type of inert arc welding, there is little scale formation, the bead surface is beautiful, and it goes without saying that unlike submerged arc welding, there is no need for flux scattering or collection. (Example) For the joint with the groove shape and dimensions shown in Fig. 2(a),
Using the PPW welding machine shown in FIG. 1, butt welding was performed under the welding conditions shown in Table 1, with three passes on the front side and two passes on the back side. Furthermore, the fillet weld shown in FIG. 2(b) was also fillet welded in two passes under the welding conditions shown in Table 2. Each of the above butt welding and fillet welding is performed using a combination of welded materials and filler metal (powder) shown in Table 3,
After welding, a tensile test and a bending test were conducted. The results are also listed in the same table. All of them broke at the base metal, and the results of the bending test were also good, with no defects observed.

【以下余白】[Left below]

(発明の効果) 以上詳述したように、本発明によれば、各種材質の母材
の接合溶接(突合せ溶接、隅肉溶接)がプラズマ粉末溶
接にて可能となり、特に従来のプラズマアーク溶接の如
く薄板に限られずに厚肉の接合溶接を可能とし、PPW
法の適用範囲を大幅に拡大できる。更に、PPW法の溶
加材として鉄粉をベース材料とするので、ロッド、線材
又はフープ材を用いる場合よりも製造コストが安くて済
み、しかも溶着効率、ビード性状などが他の溶接法より
も良好で、高速溶接が可能である。
(Effects of the Invention) As detailed above, according to the present invention, joining welding (butt welding, fillet welding) of base materials of various materials is possible by plasma powder welding, and in particular, it is possible to weld base materials of various materials by plasma powder welding. It is possible to weld not only thin plates but also thick plates, and PPW
The scope of application of the law can be greatly expanded. Furthermore, since iron powder is used as the base material for the filler material in the PPW method, the manufacturing cost is lower than when using rods, wire rods, or hoop materials, and the welding efficiency and bead properties are better than other welding methods. Good quality and high speed welding is possible.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の実施に用いるPPW溶接機による接合
溶接状況を示す説明図、第2図(a)、(b)は溶接施
工例を示す図、第3図は従来のPPW溶接機による肉盛
溶接状況を示す説明図である。 1・・・電極、     2・・・チップ、3・・・ノ
ズル、    4・・・被溶接材(母材)、6・・・溶
融プール、   7・・・ビード。 第1図 第2図 (C1)      (b)
Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a joint welding situation using a PPW welding machine used in the implementation of the present invention, Figs. 2 (a) and (b) are diagrams showing an example of welding work, and Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a welding situation using a PPW welding machine used in the implementation of the present invention. It is an explanatory view showing the overlay welding situation. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Electrode, 2... Chip, 3... Nozzle, 4... Material to be welded (base material), 6... Molten pool, 7... Bead. Figure 1 Figure 2 (C1) (b)

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 プラズマ接合溶接の溶加材として使用する粉末材料
であって、鉄粉を含有することを特徴とする粉体溶接用
粉末材料。 2 前記粉末材料の粒度は20〜350メッシュの範囲
内である特許請求の範囲第1項記載の粉体溶接用粉末材
料。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A powder material for powder welding, which is a powder material used as a filler material in plasma bonding welding, and is characterized by containing iron powder. 2. The powder material for powder welding according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the powder material is within the range of 20 to 350 mesh.
JP698886A 1986-01-16 1986-01-16 Powder material for powder welding Pending JPS62166094A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP698886A JPS62166094A (en) 1986-01-16 1986-01-16 Powder material for powder welding

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP698886A JPS62166094A (en) 1986-01-16 1986-01-16 Powder material for powder welding

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62166094A true JPS62166094A (en) 1987-07-22

Family

ID=11653526

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP698886A Pending JPS62166094A (en) 1986-01-16 1986-01-16 Powder material for powder welding

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62166094A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4625553B2 (en) * 1999-05-31 2011-02-02 貞夫 秋下 Vibration / sound wave insulation structure of double structure

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4625553B2 (en) * 1999-05-31 2011-02-02 貞夫 秋下 Vibration / sound wave insulation structure of double structure

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