JPS6214245B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6214245B2 JPS6214245B2 JP56065796A JP6579681A JPS6214245B2 JP S6214245 B2 JPS6214245 B2 JP S6214245B2 JP 56065796 A JP56065796 A JP 56065796A JP 6579681 A JP6579681 A JP 6579681A JP S6214245 B2 JPS6214245 B2 JP S6214245B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- skylight
- greenhouse
- opening
- temperature
- night
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Landscapes
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、温室内の温度、温室外の雨量、風速
等の気象条件等に応じて温室の天窓、側窓の開閉
を制御して温室内の温度、湿度等の育成条件を最
適に保つことができるようにした温室制御装置に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention controls the opening and closing of skylights and side windows of a greenhouse according to meteorological conditions such as the temperature inside the greenhouse, the amount of rainfall outside the greenhouse, and wind speed, thereby controlling the temperature, humidity, etc. inside the greenhouse. This invention relates to a greenhouse control device that can maintain optimal growth conditions.
施設栽培では、その作物の適温環境に管理する
ことが重要でありその管理は低温期にあつては主
として夜間は加温により、昼間は窓開閉の換気に
より行われる。換気は、高温期の開放状態の期間
を除いて天窓の開閉によつて行われ、その開閉は
手動(チエーン使用または押上式)、半自動(手
動スイツチのオン、オフによ天窓開閉用モータを
回転させる)或いは温度調節器連動による自動天
窓開閉装置によつている。 In greenhouse cultivation, it is important to maintain an environment at the appropriate temperature for the crops, and this management is mainly done by heating during the low temperature period at night and by ventilation by opening and closing windows during the day. Ventilation is performed by opening and closing the skylight, except during periods when it is open during high-temperature periods, and the opening and closing can be done manually (using a chain or push-up type) or semi-automatically (by turning the motor for opening and closing the skylight by turning a manual switch on and off). ) or by an automatic skylight opening/closing device linked to a temperature controller.
ところで、現在使用されている自動天窓開閉装
置は、冬期の制御を主としており、冬期は特に温
度の下がる夜間には天窓を閉めた状態で加温して
施設内の温度がある値以下に下がらないような制
御を行う。しかしながら、この種の装置は暖房を
使用しない時期においても温度が設定値以下にな
ると天窓を全閉してしまうようになつているため
以下のような不都合が生じる。即ち、春期、秋期
等の気温の温暖な時期に、夜間において天窓を全
閉しておくと、昼間の暖かい気温が温室内に残つ
ているような状態では湿度も高くなり所謂ムレる
状態となる。この状態では、作物は徒長現象を引
き起こす。また、このような環境は、同時に作物
に病気が発生しやすい状態になる。このため、天
窓は夜間でも若干開いた状態に置かれる。操作者
は、その時の温度等によつて天窓の開度を手動で
その都度適当な値に設定しなければならない。 By the way, the automatic skylight opening/closing devices currently in use are mainly used for control during the winter, especially at night when the temperature drops, by keeping the skylights closed and heating the facility so that the temperature inside the facility does not drop below a certain value. Perform such control. However, this type of device completely closes the skylight when the temperature falls below a set value even when heating is not in use, resulting in the following inconvenience. In other words, if the skylights are completely closed at night during periods of warm temperatures such as spring and autumn, the humidity will increase and the greenhouse will become stuffy if the warm daytime temperatures remain inside the greenhouse. . In this condition, the crop becomes elongated. Moreover, such an environment also makes crops susceptible to disease outbreaks. For this reason, skylights are kept slightly open even at night. The operator must manually set the opening degree of the skylight to an appropriate value each time depending on the temperature, etc. at that time.
本発明は、このような点に鑑みてなされたもの
で、天窓の開度を昼間は30%〜100%のうちの温
度によつて定まる或る開度に、夜間は5〜30%の
うちの温度によつて定まる或る開度に設定するこ
とにより施設内の作物の育成条件を最適に保つこ
とができる温室の天窓制御方法を実現したもので
ある。また、これにより操作者は天窓開閉作業か
ら開放される。以下、図面を参照して本発明を詳
細に説明する。 The present invention was made in view of the above points, and the opening degree of the skylight is set to a certain degree determined by the temperature between 30% and 100% during the day, and between 5% and 30% during the night. The present invention has realized a greenhouse skylight control method that can maintain optimal crop growing conditions within the facility by setting the opening to a certain degree determined by the temperature of the greenhouse. Additionally, this frees the operator from the task of opening and closing the skylight. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.
図は、本発明を実施するための温室制御装置の
一実施例を示す構成図である。図において、1は
温室である。2は、その両扉A,Bを開閉させる
ことのできる天窓である。扉A,Bはそれぞれ図
に示す方向に回転させることができるようになつ
ている。3,3′は、温室1の側壁に取付けられ
た側窓である。これら側窓は、その開閉量を調節
することができるようになつている。4は、温室
内に置かれた温度センサである。温度センサとし
ては、例えば測温抵抗体が用いられる。5は、外
気中に置かれた雨センサである。 The figure is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a greenhouse control device for carrying out the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a greenhouse. 2 is a skylight that allows both doors A and B to be opened and closed. Doors A and B can each be rotated in the directions shown in the figure. 3 and 3' are side windows attached to the side walls of the greenhouse 1. The opening/closing amount of these side windows can be adjusted. 4 is a temperature sensor placed inside the greenhouse. As the temperature sensor, for example, a resistance temperature detector is used. 5 is a rain sensor placed in the outside air.
6は、風速風向計である。7は、これら各セン
サのそれぞれの出力を受ける制御回路である。該
制御回路としては例えばマイクロコンピユータが
用いられる。一方、前記扉A,B及び側窓3,
3′には、これらの開閉を行う駆動装置(図示せ
ず)が取付けられている。制御回路7は、前記各
センサの出力を受けて駆動装置を駆動する。この
ように構成された温室制御装置を用いて、本発明
を詳細に説明する。 6 is a wind speed anemometer. Reference numeral 7 denotes a control circuit that receives the respective outputs of these sensors. For example, a microcomputer is used as the control circuit. On the other hand, the doors A and B and the side window 3,
A drive device (not shown) for opening and closing these is attached to 3'. The control circuit 7 receives the outputs of the respective sensors and drives the drive device. The present invention will be explained in detail using the greenhouse control device configured as described above.
制御回路7には、昼間、夜間のそれぞれに対し
て、温室内の各温度における天窓2の最適開度が
それぞれ独立にプリセツトされる。天窓2の開度
の可変範囲は、昼間にあつては30〜100%、夜間
にあつては5〜30%の範囲内で充分な温室制御を
行えることがわかつた。開度の可変範囲が昼間と
夜間とで異なつているのは、昼間は太陽からの熱
エネルギーが間断なく与えられるから換気を充分
行う必要があるのに対し、夜間はそのようなこと
がないからである。夜間は、熱の放出を抑えると
共に必要最小限の換気を行う必要があることから
前記範囲を定めたものである。なお、制御回路7
に与えられる温度に対する天窓の開度は、温度の
大きさ、地理的環境、季節等によつて操作者がそ
の都度最適な値を設定できるようになつている。 The optimal opening degree of the skylight 2 at each temperature in the greenhouse is independently preset in the control circuit 7 for daytime and nighttime. It has been found that sufficient greenhouse control can be achieved within the variable range of the opening degree of the skylight 2 of 30 to 100% during the day and 5 to 30% at night. The reason why the variable opening range is different between daytime and nighttime is because during the daytime, heat energy from the sun is constantly provided, so it is necessary to provide sufficient ventilation, whereas at nighttime, this is not the case. It is. The above range was determined because at night, it is necessary to suppress heat release and provide the minimum necessary ventilation. In addition, the control circuit 7
The operator can set the optimum opening degree of the skylight for each temperature depending on the temperature, geographical environment, season, etc.
温室1内の温度は、温度センサ4により常時監
視されている。制御回路7は、温度センサ4によ
り検知した温度の値により天窓2の開度を調節す
る。天窓の調節は、制御回路7から天窓駆動装置
(図示せず)に駆動信号が送出されることにより
行われる。このときの、天窓の開度の可変範囲は
昼間と夜間とで異なることは前述したとおりであ
る。なお、天窓の扉A,Bは同一の駆動装置から
駆動するようにしても、それぞれ別個の駆動装置
から駆動するようにしてもよい。後者の場合は、
扉A,Bの開度をそれぞれ独立に設定できるので
都合がよい。 The temperature inside the greenhouse 1 is constantly monitored by a temperature sensor 4. The control circuit 7 adjusts the opening degree of the skylight 2 based on the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 4. Adjustment of the skylight is performed by sending a drive signal from the control circuit 7 to a skylight drive device (not shown). As described above, the variable range of the opening degree of the skylight differs between daytime and nighttime. Note that the skylight doors A and B may be driven by the same drive device or may be driven by separate drive devices. In the latter case,
This is convenient because the opening degrees of doors A and B can be set independently.
また、雨天の場合には、天窓の開度を大きくし
ておくと、雨が温室内に吹き込んで病気の原因と
なり、また草花等においてはぬれると商品価値が
低下する。このため、雨天等においては昼間でも
天窓の開度を小さくする必要がある。かつ、必要
最小限の換気も行う必要であることから、雨天の
場合の天窓の開度の調整範囲は5〜30%に設定さ
れる。更に、強風時においては天窓の破損を防止
する必要性から、天窓2の風上側の扉の開度は小
さく抑えられまたは全閉される。風速及び風向き
は風速風向計6により知ることができる。制御回
路7は、風速が或る値を越えた場合には天窓駆動
装置(図示せず)に制御信号を送つて天窓の開度
を低く抑える。また、風向きが扉AからBの方向
の場合には、扉Aのみ開度を例えば0%から50%
かの何れかの開度に抑える。このためには、扉
A,Bの駆動装置は各扉別個に設けられる。なお
必要な場合には、側窓3,3′に制御信号を送
り、これらの窓の開閉も行うことができる。 Furthermore, in the case of rainy weather, if the skylights are left wide open, rain will blow into the greenhouse and cause diseases, and if plants and flowers get wet, their commercial value will decrease. Therefore, in rainy weather, it is necessary to reduce the opening degree of the skylight even during the daytime. In addition, since it is necessary to provide the minimum necessary ventilation, the adjustment range of the skylight opening in case of rain is set to 5 to 30%. Furthermore, in order to prevent damage to the skylight during strong winds, the opening degree of the door on the windward side of the skylight 2 is kept small or completely closed. The wind speed and direction can be known by the wind speed anemometer 6. When the wind speed exceeds a certain value, the control circuit 7 sends a control signal to a skylight driving device (not shown) to keep the opening of the skylight low. Also, if the wind direction is from door A to B, the opening degree of only door A should be changed from 0% to 50%, for example.
Keep the opening to one of the following. For this purpose, drive devices for doors A and B are provided separately for each door. If necessary, control signals can be sent to the side windows 3 and 3' to open and close these windows.
上述したような制御を、制御回路7によつて自
動的に行うことができるので、人は、これまでの
天窓開閉作業から開放される。この分だけ作物の
管理、観察に力を注ぐことができかつ生育環境の
改善により病気発生も少くなるので、高品質生産
が期待できる。 Since the above-mentioned control can be automatically performed by the control circuit 7, a person is freed from the conventional work of opening and closing the skylight. This allows more effort to be put into managing and observing the crops, and improving the growing environment reduces the incidence of disease, so high-quality production can be expected.
以上、詳細に説明したように、本発明によれば
施設内の温度或いは外気の気象状態によつて、天
窓の開度を調節することによつて施設内の作物の
育成条件を最適に保つことができる温室の天窓制
御方法を実現することができる。 As explained above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to maintain optimum growing conditions for crops within the facility by adjusting the opening degree of the skylight depending on the temperature inside the facility or the weather condition of the outside air. It is possible to realize a greenhouse skylight control method that allows
図は、本発明を実施するための温室制御装置の
一実施例を示す構成図である。
1……温室、2……天窓、3,3′……側窓、
4……温度センサ、5……雨センサ、6……風速
風向計、7……制御回路。
The figure is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a greenhouse control device for carrying out the present invention. 1...Greenhouse, 2...Skylight, 3,3'...Side window,
4... Temperature sensor, 5... Rain sensor, 6... Wind speed anemometer, 7... Control circuit.
Claims (1)
い時期に制御する場合において、 (イ) 温室内に温度センサを、外気中に雨センサを
置き、 (ロ) 昼間は、温度センサにより検知した室内の温
度に応じて天窓を30乃至100%の開度のうちの
任意の開度に設定し、 (ハ) 夜間は、温度センサにより検知した室内の温
度に応じて天窓を5乃至30%の開度のうちの任
意の開度に設定し、 (ニ) 雨天の場合は、雨センサにより雨天であるこ
とを検知し、昼間、夜間の如何に拘らず天窓を
5乃至30%の開度のうちの任意の開度に設定す
る ようにして、温室内の温度と湿度を適度に保ち作
物の成育に最適となるようにしたことを特徴とす
る温室の天窓制御方法。[Claims] 1. When controlling a greenhouse with a skylight at a time when heating control is not required, (a) a temperature sensor is placed inside the greenhouse and a rain sensor is placed in the outside air, and (b) during the daytime: (c) At night, the skylight is opened according to the indoor temperature detected by the temperature sensor. (d) In case of rain, the rain sensor detects the rainy weather and opens the skylight at an opening of 5 to 30%, regardless of whether it is daytime or night. A method for controlling a skylight in a greenhouse, characterized in that the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse are maintained at an appropriate level and are optimal for the growth of crops by setting the opening to an arbitrary degree out of 30%.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP56065796A JPS57181622A (en) | 1981-04-30 | 1981-04-30 | Top window controlling method of greenhouse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP56065796A JPS57181622A (en) | 1981-04-30 | 1981-04-30 | Top window controlling method of greenhouse |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS57181622A JPS57181622A (en) | 1982-11-09 |
JPS6214245B2 true JPS6214245B2 (en) | 1987-04-01 |
Family
ID=13297347
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP56065796A Granted JPS57181622A (en) | 1981-04-30 | 1981-04-30 | Top window controlling method of greenhouse |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS57181622A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0559142U (en) * | 1991-11-21 | 1993-08-06 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Muffler for ventilation openings |
-
1981
- 1981-04-30 JP JP56065796A patent/JPS57181622A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0559142U (en) * | 1991-11-21 | 1993-08-06 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Muffler for ventilation openings |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS57181622A (en) | 1982-11-09 |
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