JPS6199701A - Hydraulic unit using bladder type accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent occurrence of an accident by installing a temperature detector in the oil chamber of an accumulator and stopping a hydraulic power plant when the temperature inside the oil chamber rises abnormally. CONSTITUTION:A hydraulic power plant is stopped when the temperature detected by a temperature defector 40 rises abnormally, while said temperature detector 40 being installed in the oil chamber of an accumulator 8. By means of such constitution, the hydraulic power plant can be protected from suffering from a fatal accident because shortage of effective consumption of oil due to expansion of the gas inside a bladder can be eliminated even through the ambient temperature around the spot of installation of the accumulator rises abnormally due to external factors or oil temperature rises abnormally due to some trouble in a pressure oil circulation system.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の利用分野〕 本発明は、ブラダ型アキュムレータを圧油タンクとして
用いた圧油装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a pressure oil device using a bladder type accumulator as a pressure oil tank.

〔発明の背景〕[Background of the invention]

近年、クリーンエネルギ、周環エネルギとして水力発電
設置の見直しがなされ、特に、これまで開発の重点であ
った大容量発電設備から中、小水力発電設備への開発へ
と方向転換されている。特に、１０，０００〜１００Ｏ
ＫＷの小水力発電設備の建設に当って、従来の大言ｌ！
設置と同一手法での対応は経済的観点よりコスト高とな
る。In recent years, the installation of hydroelectric power generation has been reviewed as a source of clean energy and circumferential energy, and in particular, the focus of development has shifted from large-capacity power generation facilities, which had been the focus of development, to medium- to small-scale hydropower generation facilities. In particular, 10,000 to 100O
When constructing KW's small hydropower generation facility, the conventional big words l!
Using the same method as installation would be costly from an economic point of view.

このため、中、小水力発ｆｉ！設備用としての新技術開
発がなされており、圧油装置用圧油タンクとして、ブラ
ダ型アキュムレータを圧油タンクとして用いた圧油装置
が電気情報Ｎ１１３１０，１９８３年７月号の４７頁〜
５０頁に″ブラダ形圧油装置の開発″と題する文献で論
じられている。For this reason, small and medium hydropower generation fi! New technology for equipment has been developed, and a pressure oil system using a bladder type accumulator as a pressure oil tank is published in Denkijo N11310, July 1983 issue, page 47.
It is discussed in the document entitled "Development of a Bladder-Type Pressure Hydraulic Device" on page 50.

ブラダ型アキュムレータは圧油が流出時にはブラダがア
キュムレータ内に密着するため、アキュムレータ側壁に
は孔をあけることができない。In a bladder-type accumulator, when pressure oil flows out, the bladder fits tightly into the accumulator, so it is not possible to make a hole in the side wall of the accumulator.

従来の圧油タンクはブラダを使用せず空気室のためタン
ク内面に液面検出器を設けて、気温の上昇による有効油
量の減少を検出していたが、ブラダ型の場合は液面計の
取付が不可のため、温度変化による封入ガスの膨張割合
を推測して液面計の代用とする。Conventional pressure oil tanks do not use bladders and have an air chamber, so a liquid level detector is installed on the inside of the tank to detect a decrease in the effective oil amount due to a rise in temperature. Since it is not possible to install a liquid level gauge, the expansion rate of the sealed gas due to temperature change is estimated and used as a substitute for a liquid level gauge.

第３＠に圧油装置の系統図を示す。The 3rd @ shows the system diagram of the pressure oil system.

１は電動機、２は圧油ポンプ、３はストレーナ、４は安
全弁、５はアンローダ、６はチェクバルブ。1 is an electric motor, 2 is a pressure oil pump, 3 is a strainer, 4 is a safety valve, 5 is an unloader, and 6 is a check valve.

７はストリップ弁、８はブラダ型アキュムレータ。7 is a strip valve, and 8 is a bladder type accumulator.

９は圧力検出用パイロットバルブ、１１は返油管。9 is a pilot valve for pressure detection, and 11 is an oil return pipe.

１２．１３は圧油管、１４，１５．１６は制御配管、１
７はアンローダ用バネ、１８は返油管、１９は排油管、
２０は集油タンク、２５は集油タンク温度計である。ア
キュムレータ内ガス圧力を常用最低圧力Ｐ１、常用最高
圧力Ｐ２　とすると、アキュムレータ８内の圧力が圧力
Ｐ、に降下すると、パイロットバルブ９のプランジャー
が圧縮バネ２３によって押下げられ、制御配管１５を経
て１４に通じていた圧油は排油されアンローダ５のメー
ンプランジャーはバネ１７により押下げられて圧油ポン
プ２からの圧油はチェックバルブ６、ストップバルブ７
、圧油管１３を経て、アキュムレータ８へ補給される。12.13 is pressure oil pipe, 14, 15.16 is control pipe, 1
7 is an unloader spring, 18 is an oil return pipe, 19 is an oil drain pipe,
20 is an oil collecting tank, and 25 is an oil collecting tank thermometer. Assuming that the gas pressure in the accumulator is the minimum normal pressure P1 and the maximum normal pressure P2, when the pressure in the accumulator 8 drops to pressure P, the plunger of the pilot valve 9 is pushed down by the compression spring 23, and the gas is passed through the control pipe 15. 14 is drained, the main plunger of the unloader 5 is pushed down by the spring 17, and the pressure oil from the pressure oil pump 2 is transferred to the check valve 6 and stop valve 7.
, and is supplied to the accumulator 8 via the pressure oil pipe 13.

アキュムレータ８内の圧力がＰ２　に達すると圧油１６
によりパイロットバルブ９用のプランジャがバネ１３に
抗して上昇し、圧油１５が１４に通じてアンローダ用バ
ネバルブ５は図示位置に押上げられ圧油ポンプ２からの
圧油は返油管１８を経て集油タンク２０へ返油される。When the pressure inside the accumulator 8 reaches P2, the pressure oil 16
As a result, the plunger for the pilot valve 9 rises against the spring 13, the pressure oil 15 is communicated to the spring valve 14, the spring valve 5 for the unloader is pushed up to the illustrated position, and the pressure oil from the pressure oil pump 2 passes through the oil return pipe 18. The oil is returned to the oil collection tank 20.

この状態で、圧油ポンプ２は連続運転となるため、集油
タンク内の油は、アキュムレータ８内の圧油が消費され
圧力Ｐ１まで降下して再度送油されるまでの間、圧油ポ
ンプ２．アンローダ５．返油管１８、集油タンク２０、
ストレーナ３を循環する。In this state, the pressure oil pump 2 is in continuous operation, so the oil in the oil collection tank is consumed until the pressure oil in the accumulator 8 is consumed and the pressure drops to P1, and the oil is pumped again. 2. Unloader5. Oil return pipe 18, oil collection tank 20,
Circulate through strainer 3.

第２図にブラダ型アキュムレータの圧力と容積変化を示
す。Figure 2 shows the pressure and volume changes of the bladder type accumulator.

８はブラダ型アキュムレータ、３０はブラダ（ゴム袋）
を示し、３１はブラダ流出防止のチェック弁を示す。8 is a bladder type accumulator, 30 is a bladder (rubber bag)
31 indicates a check valve for preventing bladder outflow.

（ａ）は空のアキュムレータを示し、ガス、油の入って
いない状態を、（ｂ）はガスをブラダ内に封入した場合
で、ＰＴ′　圧力（封入ガス予圧力）の状態を、（Ｃ）
は圧油をアキュムレータ内に送゛′油しＰ１圧力まで昇
圧した状態を示し、（ｄ）はアキュムレータ内に保有さ
れた油を消費した状態を示す。(a) shows an empty accumulator with no gas or oil in it; (b) shows the state of PT' pressure (filled gas pre-pressure) with gas sealed in the bladder; (C)
(d) shows a state in which pressure oil is fed into the accumulator and the pressure is increased to P1 pressure, and (d) shows a state in which the oil held in the accumulator is consumed.

Ｐ、′　圧力からＰ８′　　圧力まで圧力降下の間にＶ
ｊ’　　の容量の油は、■２′　　となる、即ち、ΔＶ
＝　（ｖ、’　　−Ｖ３’　　）の油量が水力発電設備
の動作責務のために使用されることになる。During the pressure drop from P,' pressure to P8' pressure, V
The volume of oil of j' becomes ■2', that is, ΔV
= (v,'-V3') amount of oil will be used for the operating duties of the hydropower plant.

一方、理想気体の場合、 Ｔ　　　　　Ｔ’ （Ｒ：気体のガス定数） であることから、封入ガスの温度が初期値Ｔに対して変
化し、Ｔ′となった場合ｐ’　ｖ’　”は１１７１倍に
変化する。On the other hand, in the case of an ideal gas, T T' (R: gas constant), so if the temperature of the sealed gas changes from the initial value T and becomes T', p'v''' is 1171 Change twice.

即ち、第２図（Ｃ）で、アキュムレータ内圧力ｖ、’　
　ニ対してＶ３’　　は（Ｔ、／Ｔ）倍ノｖ、’　（７
）容量に膨張することになり、水力発電設備の動作責務
のために必要な油量ＡＶを消費した時のガス容積が。That is, in FIG. 2(C), the accumulator internal pressure v,'
On the other hand, V3' is (T, /T) times nov,' (7
) will expand to capacity and the volume of gas when the amount of oil AV required for the operating duties of the hydroelectric power plant is consumed.

Ｔｉ／Ｔ　Ｘ　Ｖ３’　＋Δｖ＞ｖ、’（ガス予圧時容
積） の時は、主材の制御に問題無いが。When Ti/T

Ｔ、／ＴＸＶ３’　＋Δｖ　＜　ｖ　ｚ　’の場合には
、水力発電設備を正常運転するためのＡＶの容積が確保
不能となり、水力発電設備に異常発生時に、安全に停止
操作不能となる。In the case of T, /TXV3' +Δv < v z ', it becomes impossible to secure the capacity of the AV for normal operation of the hydroelectric power generation equipment, and it becomes impossible to safely stop the hydroelectric power generation equipment when an abnormality occurs.

従って、初期封入時、ガス温度Ｔに対し異常温度上昇の
有無を監視して、温度上昇時には、主機を停止する。保
護装置が必要となるが、従来は第３図に示すように、ブ
ラダ型アキュムレータ使用の圧油装置で、アキュームレ
ータ内油温の監視はなされていない、このため、圧油ポ
ンプセット（給油システム）に異常が発生した場合、水
車又は発電設備の損傷等を招く重大事故の原因となる可
能性が大きかった。Therefore, at the time of initial sealing, the presence or absence of an abnormal temperature rise with respect to the gas temperature T is monitored, and when the temperature rises, the main engine is stopped. A protection device is required, but as shown in Figure 3, conventional pressure oil equipment uses a bladder-type accumulator, and the oil temperature inside the accumulator is not monitored.For this reason, a pressure oil pump set (oil supply system) If an abnormality were to occur, there was a high possibility that it would cause a serious accident that could result in damage to the water turbine or power generation equipment.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明の目的は、水力機械を安全に停止させるためのブ
ラダ型アキュムレータを用いた圧油装置を提供すること
にある。An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure oil system using a bladder type accumulator for safely stopping a hydraulic machine.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

本発明の特徴はアキュムレータ内の油温を常時監視する
ための温度検出器をアキュムレータ油室に設け、この油
温がブラダ（ゴム袋）内に封入したガス予圧時の温度に
対し規定値以上上昇した場合に、警報又は水車を停止さ
せ、油温上昇異常部の発見と修正を行なうことを可能と
し、Ｔｘ／ＴＸＶ、／　＋Δｖ＞ｖ、’ となるＴ１　を検出して、水力発電設備に警報を発し、
又は、停止させることにより保護することにある。The feature of the present invention is that a temperature detector is installed in the accumulator oil chamber to constantly monitor the oil temperature in the accumulator, and the oil temperature rises above a specified value compared to the temperature at the time of pre-pressure of the gas sealed in the bladder (rubber bag). When this happens, an alarm is issued or the water turbine is stopped, making it possible to discover and correct the oil temperature rise abnormality, detect T1 where Tx/TXV, / +Δv>v,', and issue an alarm to the hydroelectric power generation equipment. emits,
Or, to protect it by stopping it.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図により説明する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

図中４０はアキュムレータ油の温度検出部を示す。In the figure, 40 indicates an accumulator oil temperature detection section.

圧油ポンプセットの動作は第３図の動作説明で記述した
のと同一である。The operation of the pressure oil pump set is the same as described in the operation explanation of FIG.

外気条件変化、又は、圧油ポンプ異常によりアキュムレ
ータ８内の油温が異常に上昇した場合には、油温検出器
４０が動作して警報又は水力発電設備の停止により１重
大事故発生を防止する。温度検出器の検出はアキュムレ
ータの使用限界値（第２図において）　Ｐ、’　、　Ｖ
＠’の時の温度Ｔ２′すなわち。If the oil temperature in the accumulator 8 rises abnormally due to a change in outside air conditions or an abnormality in the pressure oil pump, the oil temperature detector 40 is activated to issue an alarm or stop the hydroelectric power generation equipment to prevent the occurrence of a major accident. . The temperature sensor detects the accumulator's usage limit values (in Figure 2) P, ', V
The temperature T2' at @', that is.

Ｔ、’Ｔ、’ となるＴｚに設定する。T,'T,' Set Tz as follows.

つまり、アキュムレータ使用大容積ｖ、′　のガス容積
かガス予圧時容積、■１′　　に等しくなる温度上昇を
検出して、水車を安全に停止させる。That is, the water turbine is safely stopped by detecting a temperature rise that becomes equal to the gas volume of the accumulator's large volume used v,' or the volume at gas prepressure, 1'.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明によれば、アキュムレータ’ＪＷ場所が外的要因
により異常に気温上昇した場合や、圧油循環系統の異常
により油温の異常上昇が発生した場合に、ブラダ内ガス
膨張による有効消費油量不足による水力機械の制御不能
事故を未然に防止し。According to the present invention, when the temperature at the accumulator 'JW location rises abnormally due to an external factor or when an abnormal rise in oil temperature occurs due to an abnormality in the pressure oil circulation system, the effective amount of oil consumed due to the expansion of gas in the bladder Prevent uncontrollable accidents of hydraulic machinery due to shortages.

水力発電設備を安全に停止操作することができる。Hydroelectric power generation equipment can be safely shut down.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明の一実施例の圧油装置の系統図、第２図
はブラダ型アキュムレータ状態図、第３図は従来方式の
圧油装置の系統図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a pressure oil system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a state diagram of a bladder type accumulator, and FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a conventional pressure oil system.

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １．　水車及び発電機からなる水力発電所のブラダ型ア
キユムレータを蓄圧油槽として用いた圧油装置において
、 アキユムレータ油室部に温度検出器を設置し、ブラダへ
のガス予圧時の温度に対する変化値を検出し前記アキユ
ムレータの保有油量が規定値以下に減少した場合、水力
発電設備を安全に停止可能とする事を特徴とするブラダ
型アキユムレータを用いた圧油装置。1. In a pressure oil system that uses a bladder-type accumulator of a hydroelectric power plant consisting of a water turbine and a generator as an accumulating oil tank, a temperature sensor is installed in the accumulator oil chamber to detect changes in temperature when gas is pre-pressurized to the bladder. A pressure oil system using a bladder type accumulator, characterized in that when the amount of oil held in the accumulator decreases below a specified value, hydroelectric power generation equipment can be safely stopped. ２．　特許請求の範囲第１項において、前記ブラダ内ガ
ス温度を検出する温度検出器を設置し、前記ブラダへの
ガス予圧時の温度に対する変化値を検出し、前記アキユ
ムレータの保有油量が規定値以下に減少した場合、 水力発電設備を完全に停止可能とする事を特徴とするブ
ラダ型アキユムレータを用いた圧油装置。2. In claim 1, a temperature detector is installed to detect the gas temperature in the bladder, and the temperature sensor detects a change value with respect to the temperature at the time of gas pre-pressure to the bladder, and the amount of oil held in the accumulator is below a specified value. A pressure oil system using a bladder-type accumulator that is capable of completely shutting down hydroelectric power generation equipment if the water level decreases to