JPS6196621A - Manufacture of vacuum breaker contactor - Google Patents
Manufacture of vacuum breaker contactorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6196621A JPS6196621A JP21899885A JP21899885A JPS6196621A JP S6196621 A JPS6196621 A JP S6196621A JP 21899885 A JP21899885 A JP 21899885A JP 21899885 A JP21899885 A JP 21899885A JP S6196621 A JPS6196621 A JP S6196621A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- manufacturing
- mixture
- approximately
- bismuth
- chromium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
- H01H1/0206—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches containing as major components Cu and Cr
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は真空式回路しゃ断器、特にこの種の真空式回路
しゃ断器の一部を構成する接触子構造体の製造方法に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vacuum circuit breaker, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a contact structure forming a part of this type of vacuum circuit breaker.
従来の技術
一般に、真空式回路しゃ断器は内部に分離自在な接触子
を設けた真空絶縁エンペロブからな考
る。接触子が係合する閉位置と、接触子が分離すると共
に、アークギャップが間に生じる開位置との間で接触子
は可動自在である。該しゃ断器を使用した回路を付勢し
ながら、接触子を係脱すると、接触子光面間にアークが
生じ始める。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In general, a vacuum circuit breaker is a vacuum insulated envelope having a detachable contactor therein. The contacts are movable between a closed position where the contacts are engaged and an open position where the contacts are separated and an arc gap is created therebetween. When the contacts are engaged and disconnected while energizing a circuit using the breaker, an arc begins to occur between the optical surfaces of the contacts.
電流や接触子の誤動作が生じる種々な条件下では、アー
クが生じる結果、接触子材料の一部が溶融・蒸発するこ
とがある。この場合、高圧下において接触子を接触させ
ると、アーク発生時に生成した溶融接触子材料のため、
溶着部が生じることがある。また、接触子が閉じる最初
の数ミリ秒間の間にサージ電流が生じ、これもまた接触
子の溶着な引起す。溶着部を破壊して、接触子を開ける
ために必要な力の大きさは前記誤電流を含む多べのファ
クター、例えば接触面積など、及び接触子の材質に左右
される。分離可能な接触子の容易な動作を妨害する結果
、該真空しゃ断器を開けることができなくなる点で、こ
れらは問題がある。Under various conditions where electrical current or contact malfunction occurs, arcing may result in the melting and vaporization of a portion of the contact material. In this case, when the contacts are brought into contact under high pressure, due to the melted contact material generated when the arc occurs,
Welds may occur. Additionally, surge currents occur during the first few milliseconds of contact closure, which also causes contact welding. The amount of force required to break the weld and open the contact depends on a number of factors, including the erroneous current, such as the contact area, and the material of the contact. These are problematic in that they interfere with the easy operation of the separable contacts, resulting in the inability to open the vacuum breaker.
この問題に対して提案されている解決法のひとつは接触
子の溶着特性を調節し、これによって生じる溶着部の強
度を十分に低くして、溶着が生じる接触子材料の表面を
過度に歪曲、あるいは変形させずに、溶着部を簡単に破
壊させることである。しかし、接触子材料の基本的特性
、即ち低いチョッピング性や低い耐食性を含む、すぐれ
た電流しゃ断能力、高い耐電圧性及び低い電気抵抗など
が動作時に変化しないようにする必要がある。One proposed solution to this problem is to adjust the weld properties of the contact so that the strength of the resulting weld is sufficiently low that the surface of the contact material on which the weld occurs is not excessively distorted. Alternatively, it is possible to easily destroy the welded portion without deforming it. However, it is necessary to ensure that the fundamental properties of the contact material, such as good current interrupting ability, high voltage resistance and low electrical resistance, including low chopping and low corrosion resistance, do not change during operation.
ひとつの方法では、主に極めて強靭な材料を利用し１．
この材料の粉末状粒子からなる焼結網状体を形成し、こ
の後少量の別な成分を含浸させて、各成分の特性間に妥
協点を求めている。One method primarily utilizes extremely strong materials to:1.
A sintered network of powdered particles of this material is formed and then impregnated with small amounts of other components to find a compromise between the properties of each component.
この種の材料の代表例についていえば、高い融点をもち
、これによって電極の溶着傾向を最小限に抑制できるこ
とが特徴であるクロムなどの耐火性金属からなるものを
主成分として用いることである。例えば、クロムからな
る純粋な焼結耐火性金属接触子は所要の導電性を付与し
ないし、またチョッピング性かつ高い耐電圧性も付与し
ない。これら特性は焼結母材に導電性がすぐれ、しかも
チョッピング性の低い材料を含浸すれば付与できるが、
これら材料は銅や銀などのように、耐食性が低く、そし
て耐電圧性も低い。A typical example of this type of material is to use as the main component a refractory metal such as chromium, which has a high melting point and is characterized by the ability to minimize the tendency of electrodes to weld. For example, pure sintered refractory metal contacts made of chromium do not provide the required electrical conductivity, nor do they provide chopping and high voltage resistance. These characteristics can be imparted by impregnating the sintered base material with a material that has excellent conductivity and low chopping properties.
These materials, like copper and silver, have low corrosion resistance and low voltage resistance.
例えば、イギリス特許第１，１９４，６７４号明細書、
米国特許第３．９６０．５５４号明細書及び同第４．０
４８゜１１７号明細書忙よってクロム／銅接触子はよく
知られている。いずれの場合も、まずクロムをプレスし
て母材にしてから、銅を含浸する。米国特許第４，０４
８，１１７号明細書においては、真空環境下において「
耐溶着」性を示す「耐溶着」性材料である成分を接触子
材料に使用している。For example, British Patent No. 1,194,674,
U.S. Patent No. 3.960.554 and U.S. Patent No. 4.0
Chromium/copper contacts are well known from US Pat. No. 48,117. In both cases, the chromium is first pressed into the base material and then impregnated with copper. U.S. Patent No. 4,04
In the specification of No. 8,117, in a vacuum environment, "
A component that is a "weld-resistant" material is used in the contact material.
この場合、予め冷間プレスしてから焼結しておいたクロ
ム母材に含浸する前に０．３％〜２％のビスマスを銅に
溶解している。脆弱な金属間相を形成するため、溶着部
の延性を低下させ、従って溶着部の簡単に破壊できる鉛
、テルル、アンチモン、タングステンなどの元素の一例
はビスマスである。In this case, 0.3% to 2% bismuth is dissolved in the copper before impregnation into the chromium matrix, which has been previously cold pressed and sintered. Bismuth is an example of an element such as lead, tellurium, antimony, tungsten, etc., which forms a brittle intermetallic phase and thus reduces the ductility of the weld, thus making it easier to fracture the weld.
ところが、接触子の成分、すなわち耐火性金属、導電性
のすぐれた金属及び脆化剤をすべて粉末として混合して
から、冷間プレスすると、真空環境下において「耐溶着
」性を付与するために必要な脆化剤の量をかなり減少さ
せることが可能なことが見出された。However, when the components of the contact, that is, the refractory metal, the highly conductive metal, and the embrittling agent, are all mixed together as powder and then cold pressed, it becomes difficult to provide "welding resistance" in a vacuum environment. It has been found that it is possible to significantly reduce the amount of embrittlement agent required.
発明の要約
すなわち、本発明は導電性の高い、粉末状の金属と、粉
末状の脆化剤及び粉末状の耐火材料を、混合物の全質量
に対して脆化剤０．２５質量％未満の割合で混合し、理
論最大値に対して９゜９以上の密度に混合物を冷間プレ
スし、次に理論最大値に対して９７％以上の密度に焼結
接触子を冷間コイニングする工程からなる真空しゃ断器
接触子の製造方法を提供するものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION That is, the present invention combines a highly conductive powdered metal, a powdered embrittlement agent, and a powdered refractory material in an amount of less than 0.25% by weight of the embrittlement agent based on the total weight of the mixture. From the step of mixing in proportions, cold pressing the mixture to a density of 9°9 or more with respect to the theoretical maximum value, and then cold coining the sintered contact to a density of 97% or more with respect to the theoretical maximum value. The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a vacuum breaker contactor.
発明の好適な実施態様
本発明の好適な実施態様においては、導電性の高い金属
は銅で、耐火性金属はクロムである。Preferred Embodiment of the Invention In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the highly conductive metal is copper and the refractory metal is chromium.
脆化剤としてはビスマスが好ましいが、鉛、テルル、タ
リウム、アンチモンまたはタングステンのいずれも使用
でき、場合によってはこれらの混合物も使用できる。Bismuth is preferred as the embrittlement agent, but any of lead, tellurium, thallium, antimony or tungsten can be used, and in some cases mixtures thereof can also be used.
粒度が好ましくはほぼ１００μ以下の銅粉をまず粒度が
ほぼ４０μ以下のビスマスと混合する。Copper powder, preferably having a particle size of approximately 100 microns or less, is first mixed with bismuth having a particle size of approximately 40 microns or less.
次に、この基本的な混合物を粒度が好ましくは２．２μ
以下のクロム粉と混合する。上記母材混合物のクロムに
対する比率は好ましくは母材混合物４０〜９０質量％に
対してクロム６０〜１０％の範囲にあり、最も好ましく
は母材混合物ほぼ７５％に対してクロム２５％である。This basic mixture is then mixed with a particle size of preferably 2.2μ
Mix with chrome powder below. The ratio of the matrix mixture to chromium is preferably in the range 60-10% chromium to 40-90% matrix mixture, most preferably 25% chromium to approximately 75% matrix mixture.
好ましくはまた、最大理論値に対してほぼ９３％の密度
にまで混合物をまず冷間プレスし、約９５０〜１０５０
℃の範囲内にある温度で真空焼結してから、最大理論値
に対してほぼ９８％の密度に冷間コイニングする。Preferably also, the mixture is first cold pressed to a density of approximately 93% of the maximum theoretical value, with a density of approximately 950 to 1050
Vacuum sintering at a temperature in the range of 0.degree. C. followed by cold coining to a density of approximately 98% of maximum theoretical value.
以下、添付図面について本発明による真空しゃ断器接触
子の製造方法の一例を説明す°る。An example of a method for manufacturing a vacuum breaker contactor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
この実施例では１粒度が１００μ未満の銅粉１をまず粒
度が４０μ未満のビスマス粉３と完全に混合する。次に
、母材混合物４７５質量％に対して残部ビスマスという
比率で粒度がほぼ２００μ以下のクロム粉２とこの母材
混合物４を完全に混合する。この混合物中のビスマス３
の量は０．１５質量％である。In this example, copper powder 1 having a grain size of less than 100 microns is first thoroughly mixed with bismuth powder 3 having a grain size of less than 40 microns. Next, the base material mixture 4 is completely mixed with chromium powder 2 having a particle size of approximately 200 μm or less at a ratio of 475% by mass of the base material mixture and the balance being bismuth. Bismuth 3 in this mixture
The amount of is 0.15% by mass.
次に、最大理論値に対してほぼ９３％の密度１１’ｉぼ
４５ ドア／ イア７−２（７０Ｘ１ ｏ６ｋｇ／ｍ２
）ｃｌ）圧力で冷間プレス（６）する。次に、約１０２
５℃の温度で４時間真空下において焼結（７）シて、銅
／銅及び銅／クロムを部分的に結合させると共に、成形
体（ｃｏｍｐａｃｔ ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ）を焼鈍する。Next, the density of 11'i 45 door/ear 7-2 (70X1 o6kg/m2) is approximately 93% of the maximum theoretical value.
)cl) Cold press (6) at pressure. Next, about 102
Sintering (7) under vacuum at a temperature of 5° C. for 4 hours to partially bond the copper/copper and copper/chromium and to anneal the compact material.
次に、理論最大値に対してほぼ９８％の密度までほぼ７
２ｔ／インチ” （１１３Ｘ １０’ｋｌｉｌ／ｍ”）
で冷間コイニング（８）する。それから最後に機械加工
して、真空しゃ断器の接触子を製造する。Next, approximately 7
2t/inch” (113X 10’klil/m”)
Perform cold coining (8). It is then finally machined to produce the vacuum breaker contacts.
第１図は本発明方法を示すフローチャートである。 FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating the method of the present invention.
Claims (13)
及び粉末状の耐火材料を、混合物の全質量に対して脆化
剤０．２５質量％未満の割合で混合し、理論最大値に対
して９０％以上の密度に混合物を冷間プレスし、次に理
論最大値に対して９７％以上の密度に焼結接触子を冷間
コイニングする工程からなる真空しや断器接触子の製造
方法。(1) Mixing a highly conductive powdered metal, a powdered embrittlement agent, and a powdered refractory material at a ratio of less than 0.25% by mass of the embrittlement agent to the total mass of the mixture, A vacuum shredder comprising the steps of cold pressing a mixture to a density of 90% or more of the theoretical maximum, and then cold coining a sintered contact to a density of 97% or more of the theoretical maximum. Method of manufacturing contacts.
項記載の製造方法。(2) Claim 1 in which the highly conductive metal is copper
Manufacturing method described in section.
記載の製造方法。(3) The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the refractory metal is chromium.
項のいずれかに記載の製造方法。(4) Claims 1 to 3 in which the embrittlement agent is bismuth
The manufacturing method described in any of paragraphs.
ングステンのいずれかである特許請求の範囲第１〜３項
のいずれかに記載の製造方法。(5) The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the embrittlement agent is lead, tellurium, thallium, antimony, or tungsten.
ングステンまたはビスマスの混合物である特許請求の範
囲第１〜３項のいずれかに記載の製造方法。(6) The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the embrittlement agent is a mixture of lead, tellurium, thallium, antimony, tungsten, or bismuth.
許請求の範囲第２項記載の製造方法。(7) The manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the particle size of the copper powder is approximately 100 μm or less.
特許請求の範囲第４項記載の製造方法。(8) The manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein the particle size of the bismuth is approximately 40 μm or less.
成し、この混合物を次に耐火性金属粉と混合する特許請
求の範囲第７項または第８項記載の製造方法。(9) A method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein copper powder is first mixed with bismuth to form a matrix mixture, and this mixture is then mixed with refractory metal powder.
ほぼ２００μ以下のクロム粉を混合する特許請求の範囲
第９項記載の製造方法。(10) The manufacturing method according to claim 9, wherein a base material mixture consisting of copper powder and bismuth is mixed with chromium powder having a particle size of approximately 200 μm or less.
４０〜９０質量％に対してクロム６０〜１０質量％であ
る特許請求の範囲第１０項記載の製造方法。(11) The manufacturing method according to claim 10, wherein the proportion of chromium in the base material mixture is 60 to 10% by mass of chromium to 40 to 90% by mass of the mixture.
ぼ２５質量％を含有すると共に、ほぼ０．１５質量％の
ビスマスを含有する特許請求の範囲第１１項記載の製造
方法。12. The method of claim 11, wherein the mixture contains approximately 25% by weight of chromium to approximately 75% by weight and approximately 0.15% by weight of bismuth.
混合物を冷間プレスし、約９５０〜１０５０℃の温度で
真空焼結してから、理論最大値に対してほぼ９８％の密
度に冷間コイニングする特許請求の範囲第１〜１３項の
いずれかに記載の製造方法。(13) First, the mixture is cold pressed to a density of approximately 93% of the theoretical maximum value, vacuum sintered at a temperature of approximately 950 to 1050°C, and then the density is approximately 98% of the theoretical maximum value. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, which comprises cold coining.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB848426009A GB8426009D0 (en) | 1984-10-15 | 1984-10-15 | Vacuum interrupter contacts |
| GB8426009 | 1984-10-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6196621A true JPS6196621A (en) | 1986-05-15 |
Family
ID=10568206
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21899885A Pending JPS6196621A (en) | 1984-10-15 | 1985-10-01 | Manufacture of vacuum breaker contactor |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0178796B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6196621A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3574074D1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB8426009D0 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN164807B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5354352A (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1994-10-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Contact material for vacuum circuit breakers |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4743718A (en) * | 1987-07-13 | 1988-05-10 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Electrical contacts for vacuum interrupter devices |
| EP0474628B1 (en) * | 1989-05-31 | 1993-07-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing a cucr contact material for vacuum switches and appropriate contact material |
| TW237551B (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1995-01-01 | Toshiba Co Ltd |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54147481A (en) * | 1978-05-11 | 1979-11-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Contact for vacuum breaker |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1194674A (en) * | 1966-05-27 | 1970-06-10 | English Electric Co Ltd | Vacuum Type Electric Circuit Interrupting Devices |
| DE2346179A1 (en) * | 1973-09-13 | 1975-06-26 | Siemens Ag | COMPOSITE METAL AS CONTACT MATERIAL FOR VACUUM SWITCHES |
| US3960554A (en) * | 1974-06-03 | 1976-06-01 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Powdered metallurgical process for forming vacuum interrupter contacts |
| US4048117A (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1977-09-13 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Vacuum switch contact materials |
| US4190753A (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1980-02-26 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | High-density high-conductivity electrical contact material for vacuum interrupters and method of manufacture |
| US4304600A (en) * | 1979-11-01 | 1981-12-08 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Manufacture of high-strength metallic articles |
| JPS59163726A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1984-09-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Vacuum breaker |
-
1984
- 1984-10-15 GB GB848426009A patent/GB8426009D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-08-28 IN IN705/DEL/85A patent/IN164807B/en unknown
- 1985-09-04 GB GB08521984A patent/GB2166161B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-09-18 DE DE8585306634T patent/DE3574074D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-09-18 EP EP19850306634 patent/EP0178796B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-10-01 JP JP21899885A patent/JPS6196621A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54147481A (en) * | 1978-05-11 | 1979-11-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Contact for vacuum breaker |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5354352A (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1994-10-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Contact material for vacuum circuit breakers |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0178796A2 (en) | 1986-04-23 |
| EP0178796B1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
| GB8426009D0 (en) | 1984-11-21 |
| DE3574074D1 (en) | 1989-12-07 |
| EP0178796A3 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
| GB2166161A (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| IN164807B (en) | 1989-06-03 |
| GB8521984D0 (en) | 1985-10-09 |
| GB2166161B (en) | 1988-08-24 |
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