JPS6194500A - Hearing aid - Google Patents
Hearing aidInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6194500A JPS6194500A JP21598984A JP21598984A JPS6194500A JP S6194500 A JPS6194500 A JP S6194500A JP 21598984 A JP21598984 A JP 21598984A JP 21598984 A JP21598984 A JP 21598984A JP S6194500 A JPS6194500 A JP S6194500A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- microphone
- directivity
- microphones
- microphone group
- sound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/40—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic
- H04R25/405—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic by combining a plurality of transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
- H04R1/406—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers microphones
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(イ)産業上の利用分野
本発明は補聴器に関てるものである。健康人の聴力は、
両耳が健全であると、先ず双耳効果能力によって方向性
を持つことが出来る。次テ選択聴取能力(特定の音に注
意を集中させることが出来る能力)があるので、周囲の
雑音の中から目的音を補える能力をもっているものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to hearing aids. The hearing of a healthy person is
If both ears are healthy, first of all, you can have direction through the binaural effect ability. Because they have the ability to selectively listen (the ability to focus their attention on a specific sound), they have the ability to supplement the target sound from the surrounding noise.
(ロ)従来の技術
しかしながら従来の補聴器は只1個のマイクロホンで周
囲の音をキャッチしこれを電気的に増巾したもので、只
単に音量を増加するのみに止まっている。従って上記効
果を期待することが出来ない。(B) Conventional Technology However, conventional hearing aids use only one microphone to catch surrounding sounds and electrically amplify them, which only increases the volume. Therefore, the above effects cannot be expected.
eウ 発明が解決しようとする問題
最近上記欠点を軽減するため、両耳に相当するマイクロ
ホンを別個に用い、夫々の音量を増巾するようにしたも
のがある。しかし人間が雉聴になる様相は種々雑多で、
先ず単に聴力の衰えだけであるならば、両マイクロホン
の出力を両耳の難位度に合せて調整すればよいのである
が、上記双耳効果能力及び選択聴取能力も共に衰えてく
るものである。このような難聴者にとって有効な補@器
とはならない。Problems to be Solved by the Invention Recently, in order to alleviate the above-mentioned drawbacks, there has been a system in which microphones corresponding to both ears are used separately, and the volume of each ear is amplified. However, there are various ways in which humans become pheasants.
First of all, if the problem is simply a decline in hearing ability, the output of both microphones can be adjusted according to the level of difficulty in both ears, but the above-mentioned binaural effect ability and selective listening ability also decline. . It is not an effective aid for such hearing-impaired people.
に)問題点を解決するための手段
本発明は上記欠点全軽減するためになされたもので、そ
の特徴とするところは、5個以上のマイクロホンを同一
円周上に等間隔に配置したマイクロホン群と、各マイク
ロホンの電気的出力全合成する装置とを具備したことに
あり、マイクロホン群の配置された円周に垂直な方向か
ら到来した音波による合成出力が、他の方向から到来し
た音波による合成出力に対して最大となるように、該マ
イクロホン群に指向性を持たせたことにある。B) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made to alleviate all of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and is characterized by a microphone group in which five or more microphones are arranged at equal intervals on the same circumference. and a device for fully synthesizing the electrical outputs of each microphone, so that the synthesized output of sound waves arriving from a direction perpendicular to the circumference of the microphone group is combined with the synthesis output of sound waves arriving from other directions. The aim is to provide the microphone group with directivity so as to maximize the output.
(ホ)作用
以下図面について詳細に説明でる。第1図は本発明の動
作原理を説明するための図で、/、2゜3・・・・・n
はn個のマイクロホンを示し、x−y平面上で0全中心
とする直径dの円周上に等間隔に配置しである。(E) Function The following drawings will be explained in detail. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the operating principle of the present invention, /, 2゜3...n
indicates n microphones, which are arranged at equal intervals on a circumference of diameter d centered at 0 on the x-y plane.
第2図はマイクロホン群の出力を合成する結線図で、/
、コ、3・・・・・・nはマイクロホン群、//は増巾
器、/2はバンドパスフィルタ、/3はイヤホーンであ
る。Figure 2 is a wiring diagram for synthesizing the outputs of microphone groups.
, 3...n is a microphone group, // is an amplifier, /2 is a band pass filter, and /3 is an earphone.
各マイクロホンが無指向性であった場合、マイクロホン
群の出力を第2図のように合成した出力は指向性をもつ
。第1図のよつに2軸に対して偏角r方向部ち矢印A方
向からの音波に対する指向性Rは、音波長をλとして(
1)式の条件全満足f′n−ば(2)式の通りである。If each microphone is omnidirectional, the output obtained by combining the outputs of the microphone group as shown in FIG. 2 has directionality. As shown in Fig. 1, the directivity R for a sound wave from the direction of the deflection r with respect to the two axes, that is, from the direction of arrow A, is expressed as (
If the condition of equation (1) is fully satisfied f'n-, then equation (2) is satisfied.
πd
R=IJo(−一51nr)1・・・・・・・・・・・
・・(2)λ
(2)式の関係の数例を極座標を用いて図示すると第5
図、第4図、第5図の通りで夫々d/λが0.5.1、
o 、 2.0の場合について図示した。(1)式
の条件はマイクロホンめ数が無数で円周上に一様に分布
しているとみなし得るということであるがnが少なくて
(1)式全満足しない場合には第4図点心のように指向
性がくずれてくる。πd R=IJo(-151nr)1・・・・・・・・・・・・
...(2)λ When several examples of the relationship in equation (2) are illustrated using polar coordinates, the fifth
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, d/λ is 0.5.1, respectively.
The case of 2.0 is illustrated. The condition of equation (1) is that the number of microphones is infinite and can be considered to be uniformly distributed on the circumference, but if n is small and equation (1) is not fully satisfied, then The directivity deteriorates as shown in the figure.
音の周波数ifとし音速全V、!ニーf’TLば、音波
長λは(3)式の通りである。Let the frequency of sound be if, and the total speed of sound is V! If f'TL, the acoustic wave length λ is as shown in equation (3).
λ=−・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・(5)空気中の音速はV中540吸
4θCである力・ら、f−1000Hzでλ= 54c
m Xf = 2000Hzでλ=470m。λ=−・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・(5) The speed of sound in air is 540 4θC in V, and λ = 54c at f-1000Hz.
m Xf = 2000Hz and λ = 470m.
f = 4000Hzでλ=8.50m テ6ル。f = 4000Hz and λ = 8.50m Te6tel.
d=i7Cmに設計すると、第3図、第4図及び第5図
は夫々f = +oOoHz 、 2000Hz、
4000Hzの音波に対する指向11f表わしている
。又(1)式の条件は(4)式のようになるから
f=1000Hzでn > ’5.6 、f = 20
00Hzでn〉5.1f = 4.000Hzでn〉8
.3である。When designing with d=i7Cm, Figs. 3, 4, and 5 show f = +oOoHz, 2000Hz, respectively.
Directivity 11f for a 4000Hz sound wave is shown. Also, the conditions for equation (1) are as shown in equation (4), so f = 1000 Hz, n >'5.6, f = 20
n>5.1f at 00Hz = n>8 at 4.000Hz
.. It is 3.
前述したように第5図、第4図及び第5図の指向性は各
マイクロホンが無指向性であった場合で、図でも明らか
なように偏角がγの場合とγ+180゜の場合が同じ指
向性となる。即ち正面からの音と背面からの音とが最大
になっている。これは実用上都合が悪い。As mentioned above, the directivity in Figures 5, 4, and 5 is when each microphone is omnidirectional, and as is clear from the figure, the case where the declination is γ and the case where the declination is γ + 180° are the same. Becomes directional. In other words, the sound from the front and the sound from the back are at their maximum. This is not practical.
只1個のマイクロホンで不十分でH6るが成程度指向性
をもったマイクロホンがある。その指向特性の一例を示
すと第6図の通りである。そこで、マイクロホン群に使
用する各マイクロホンに第6図に示したような指向性を
もったマイクロホン?用いたとすれば第1図に示すマイ
クロホン群の指向性は第7図に示すようなものとなる。Although just one microphone is not enough, there are microphones with sufficient directivity. An example of the directional characteristics is shown in FIG. 6. Therefore, each microphone used in the microphone group should have directivity as shown in Figure 6. If used, the directivity of the microphone group shown in FIG. 1 would be as shown in FIG. 7.
第7図はd/λ=0.5について示したがd/λが1.
0及び2.0の場合でも同様である。Although FIG. 7 shows d/λ=0.5, when d/λ is 1.
The same applies to the cases of 0 and 2.0.
さて難聴者の房耳効果能力及び選択聴取能力が当てにな
らない場合には上述したようにマイクロホン群に指向性
を持たせ、目的音だけが大きく聞こえることが補聴器と
して好ましいことである。Now, in cases where a person with hearing loss cannot rely on the tuft-ear effect ability and selective listening ability, it is preferable for the hearing aid to provide the microphone group with directivity, as described above, so that only the target sound can be heard louder.
(へ)実施例
第8図は本発明の一実施例を示す斜視図、第9図はその
電気的接続図、第10図は第8図のD−D断面図である
。図において/4tは回転円環、/、 2゜3・・・・
・・nは回転円環/Zに埋込まれた不完全な指向性を持
つマイクロホンで直径dの円周上に等間隔に配置しであ
る。/!は無指向性マイクロホン、/6は台で、無指向
性マイクロホン/!が埋込まtている。/7 +”を回
転円環/ダを2軸を軸にして矢印Bのように回転し得る
ようにするための支持軸、/3はイヤホーン、/♂はリ
ード線である。マイクロホン/。(f) Embodiment FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is an electrical connection diagram thereof, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 8. In the figure, /4t is a rotating ring, /, 2゜3...
. . . n is a microphone with imperfect directivity embedded in the rotating ring /Z and arranged at equal intervals on the circumference of a diameter d. /! is an omnidirectional microphone, /6 is a stand, an omnidirectional microphone /! is embedded. /7+'' is a rotating ring/support shaft that enables the rotating ring/da to rotate in the direction of arrow B around two axes, /3 is an earphone, and /♂ is a lead wire.Microphone/.
コ、3・・・・・nは第10図に示すように回転円環/
グの巾すが可及的小さくなるようにし、かつその正面及
び背面が音場にさらされるようにしておく。これにより
正面及び背面からの音響は反対面に容易に到達出来るの
で不完全ではあるが所期の指向性を保つことが出来る。3...n is a rotating ring/ as shown in Figure 10.
The width of the ring should be as small as possible, and the front and back sides should be exposed to the sound field. As a result, sound from the front and rear surfaces can easily reach the opposite surface, so that the desired directivity can be maintained, albeit imperfectly.
このようなマイクロホン群全第9図のように電気的に接
続しておく。All such microphone groups are electrically connected as shown in FIG.
以上の装置を会議の席上環で使用でる場合、第8図の装
置全机上に置き、特定の人の発言を特に聴取したいとき
、その人の方向に第8図の正面即ちr=o°の方向を向
ければよい。When the above-mentioned device is used in a conference room, place all the devices shown in Figure 8 on the desk, and when you want to listen to a particular person's speech, point it in front of the person in Figure 8, i.e. at r=o°. Just point in the direction.
又発言者を特定出来ない場合は第9図で先ずスイッチS
を点線側に入れると無指向性マイクロホン/!の出力を
聴取することになる(この場合必要があれば増巾器//
の増中度を調整する)。即ち周囲の音響はすべて平等に
キャッチする。そこで聞こえて欠る種々雑多の音の中か
ら或特定の音を聞きたいと思った時にスイッチsl実線
側に入れると、正面からの音が大きく聞こえるから、回
転円@/りを560°回転し、その中に目的音が大きく
聞こえる場所があるのでその方向に止めて聞けば、特定
音を明瞭に聴取することが出来る。If the speaker cannot be identified, first press switch S in Figure 9.
If you put it on the dotted line side, it becomes an omnidirectional microphone/! (In this case, use an amplifier if necessary.)
(adjust the degree of increase). In other words, all surrounding sounds are captured equally. If you want to hear a specific sound from among the various sounds that are heard there, put the switch sl to the solid line side, and the sound coming from the front will be louder, so you can rotate the rotation circle @/ri by 560 degrees. There is a place where the target sound can be heard loudly, so if you stop in that direction and listen, you can hear the specific sound clearly.
第11図は、マイクロホン#を例えば胸にいだいた場合
の実施例で、電気的接続は第9図の通りでよいが、スイ
ッチs’2実線側に入れ、対話者の方を向けば目的全達
成することが出来る。絹11図で79はマイクロホン群
の支持円fi、/、s、 3・ ・nは第8図に/、
2.3・・・・・・nで表示したようなマイクロホン群
、27は無指向性マイクロホンである。Figure 11 shows an example in which the microphone # is carried on the chest, for example.The electrical connection can be made as shown in Figure 9, but if you set the switch s'2 to the solid line side and face the interlocutor, you can achieve the desired purpose. It can be achieved. In Figure 11, 79 is the support circle of the microphone group fi, /, s, 3, ・n is in Figure 8 /,
2.3... A group of microphones as indicated by n, 27 is an omnidirectional microphone.
(ト)発明の効果
以上図面について詳細に説明したように、房耳効果能力
及び選択聴取能力が衰えた難聴者に対して有効な補聴器
を提供することが出来る。(g) Effects of the Invention As described above in detail with reference to the drawings, it is possible to provide a hearing aid that is effective for hearing-impaired people whose auricular effect ability and selective listening ability have declined.
第1図は本発明の詳細な説明するための図、第2図はそ
の電気的接続図、第3図〜第7図は指向性全示す図、第
8図は本発明の実施例を示す斜視図、第9図は同じくそ
の結線図、第10図は第8図のD−D断面図、第11図
は具体的態様を示す正面図である。
/、2.j・・・・・・n、及o:/z・・・・・・マ
イクロホン、/j・・・・・・イヤホーン、S・・・・
・スイッチ。
特許出願人 国際技術開発株式会社
士1図
才2図
/コ −バンドバスフィルり、73 −イヤホーノ
γ=180
γ=180゜
/、J 3 6 マイクロホノ群、/3 イτ
不−ノ/4t−−10!1転円環、/! 無宿同性マ
イクロホ//6− 言、/7 支持骨、/?−リード
線十9図
米IO”7Fig. 1 is a diagram for explaining the present invention in detail, Fig. 2 is its electrical connection diagram, Figs. 3 to 7 are diagrams showing all directivity, and Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. Similarly, FIG. 9 is a perspective view, a wiring diagram thereof, FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 8, and FIG. 11 is a front view showing a specific embodiment. /, 2. j...n, and o:/z...microphone, /j...earphone, S...
·switch. Patent applicant: Kokusai Technological Development Co., Ltd. 1 Figure 2 Figure / Co-band bass filter, 73 - Earphone γ = 180 γ = 180° /, J 3 6 Microphone group, / 3 I τ
Fu-no/4t--10!1 inverted ring, /! Unaccompanied same-sex microho //6- words, /7 supporting bone, /? -Lead wire 19 IO”7
Claims (3)
配置したマイクロホン群と、各マイクロホンの電気的出
力を合成する装置とを具備したことを特徴とする補聴器
。(1) A hearing aid characterized by comprising a microphone group in which three or more microphones are arranged at equal intervals on the same circumference, and a device for synthesizing the electrical output of each microphone.
ていることを特徴とする特許請求範囲第1項記載の補聴
器。(2) The hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein each microphone in the microphone group has directivity.
備し、マイクロホン群を合成した出力と、無指向性マイ
クロホンとの出力を切替える装置を持つていることを特
徴とする特許請求範囲第1項記載の補聴器。(3) The device according to claim 1, further comprising an omnidirectional microphone separate from the microphone group, and a device for switching between the combined output of the microphone group and the output of the omnidirectional microphone. hearing aid.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21598984A JPS6194500A (en) | 1984-10-15 | 1984-10-15 | Hearing aid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21598984A JPS6194500A (en) | 1984-10-15 | 1984-10-15 | Hearing aid |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6194500A true JPS6194500A (en) | 1986-05-13 |
Family
ID=16681562
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP21598984A Pending JPS6194500A (en) | 1984-10-15 | 1984-10-15 | Hearing aid |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6194500A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997040645A1 (en) * | 1996-04-22 | 1997-10-30 | Cardinal Sound Labs, Inc. | A directional hearing system |
-
1984
- 1984-10-15 JP JP21598984A patent/JPS6194500A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997040645A1 (en) * | 1996-04-22 | 1997-10-30 | Cardinal Sound Labs, Inc. | A directional hearing system |
US5793875A (en) * | 1996-04-22 | 1998-08-11 | Cardinal Sound Labs, Inc. | Directional hearing system |
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