JPS6174956A - Speed changer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate loss of power by providing a gear of a counter shaft and a gear of a reduction shaft selectively engageable with each other through a sleeve to transmit power of an input shaft to an output shaft without passing through a V belt during reverse driving. CONSTITUTION:When a sleeve 22 is moved to the left position as shown in a broken line, external teeth 22a are brought in engagement with a gear 9, engagement between the sleeve 22 and a gear 19b being released. Therefore, power of an input shaft 2 is transmitted to an output shaft 24 not through a V belt type non-stage speed changer 10 but through a counter shaft 6, the sleeve 22 and a reduction shaft 18, and as the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 24 are rotated in opposite directions, the vehicle is reversely driven, causing no loss of power.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 発明の分野 本発明は自動車用トランスミッションとして好適な変速
装置、特にＶベルト式無段変速機の一次軸がエンジン入
力軸により駆動され、出力軸がＶベルト式無段変速機の
二次軸と接続された変速装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmission device suitable as an automotive transmission, particularly a V-belt continuously variable transmission in which the primary shaft is driven by an engine input shaft and the output shaft is a V-belt continuously variable transmission. This relates to a transmission connected to the machine's secondary shaft.

従来技術とその問題点 従来、この種の変速装置として、特開昭５８−１４９４
５８号公報に記載のように、入力軸と一次軸とを平行で
かつ非軸線方向に配置し、−次軸を減速歯車を介して人
力軸により駆動するようにしたものが知られている。そ
して、人力軸と同一軸線上に配置した軸に前後進切換機
構を設け、前進時には入力軸と一次軸との歯車を直接噛
合させ、後進時には入力軸と一次軸との間に設けたアイ
ドルギヤを介して噛合させることにより、前後進の切換
を行っている。Prior art and its problems Conventionally, this type of transmission device was disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-1494.
As described in Japanese Patent No. 58, it is known that an input shaft and a primary shaft are arranged parallel to each other in a non-axial direction, and the secondary shaft is driven by a human power shaft via a reduction gear. A forward/reverse switching mechanism is installed on a shaft placed on the same axis as the human power shaft, and gears between the input shaft and the primary shaft are directly engaged when moving forward, and an idle gear is installed between the input shaft and the primary shaft when moving backward. Switching between forward and backward movement is achieved by engaging the wheels through the .

上記の構造においては、前進時ばかりでな（後進時にお
いてもＶベルト式無段変速機を介して出力軸に動力を伝
達しているため、低速時には伝達効率の良くない■ベル
ト駆動のために後進時の動力損失が大きく、しかも後進
時においても無段変速機のプーリを制御しなければなら
ないため、制御が複雑化する問題がある。また、入力軸
と一次軸との間にアイドルギヤを設ける必要があるため
、軸数が増え、構造が複雑かつ大型化するという問題も
ある。In the above structure, power is transmitted to the output shaft through the V-belt continuously variable transmission not only when moving forward (also when moving backward), so the transmission efficiency is not good at low speeds. There is a problem in that the power loss when going backwards is large, and the control becomes complicated because the pulley of the continuously variable transmission must be controlled even when going backwards.Also, there is a problem that the idle gear is connected between the input shaft and the primary shaft. Since it is necessary to provide this, there is also the problem that the number of axes increases, making the structure complex and large.

発明の目的 本発明はかかる従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、
その目的は、後進時にＶベルト式無段変速機を介さずに
動力伝達を行い、かつアイドルギヤを設けずに後進でき
るようにした変速装置を提供することにある。Purpose of the Invention The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems.
The purpose is to provide a transmission device that transmits power without using a V-belt continuously variable transmission when traveling backwards, and that can travel backwards without providing an idle gear.

発明の構成 上記目的を達成するために、本発明は、入力軸とＶベル
ト式無段変速機の一次軸とを同一軸線上に配置し、入力
軸を該入力軸と平行な減速用カウンタ軸を介して一次軸
に接続するとともに、Ｖベルト式無段変速機の二次軸を
該二次軸と平行な減速軸を介して出力軸に接続する一方
、上記カウンタ軸あるいは減速軸の歯車と摺動自在に噛
み合う前後進切換用スリーブを設け、カウンタ軸の歯車
と減速軸の歯車とを上記スリーブを介して選択的に吻合
可能としたものである。Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention arranges an input shaft and a primary shaft of a V-belt type continuously variable transmission on the same axis, and connects the input shaft to a deceleration counter shaft parallel to the input shaft. At the same time, the secondary shaft of the V-belt type continuously variable transmission is connected to the output shaft via a reduction shaft parallel to the secondary shaft. A forward/reverse switching sleeve is provided that is slidably engaged, and the gear on the counter shaft and the gear on the reduction shaft can be selectively anastomosed via the sleeve.

その結果、後進時には入力軸の動力はカウンタ軸、スリ
ーブ、減速軸を介して出力軸に伝達され、■ベルトを介
さないため動力損失がなく、しかもアイドルギヤが不要
であるため、軸数を減らすことができる。As a result, when moving in reverse, the power of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft via the counter shaft, sleeve, and reduction shaft. ■There is no power loss because there is no belt, and there is no need for an idle gear, reducing the number of shafts. be able to.

実施例の説明 第１図において、エンジンｌと連結された入力軸２の途
中には流体継手３とフロントクラッチ４とが設けられて
おり、入力軸２の左端に設けた歯車５は、人力軸２と平
行なカウンタ軸６の中央の歯車７と噛合している。DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS In FIG. 1, a fluid coupling 3 and a front clutch 4 are provided in the middle of an input shaft 2 connected to an engine 1, and a gear 5 provided at the left end of the input shaft 2 is connected to a human power shaft. 2 and meshes with a central gear 7 of a counter shaft 6 parallel to the counter shaft 6.

Ｖベルト式無段変速機１０の一次軸１１は上記入力軸２
と同一軸線上に配置されており、この−次軸１１の先端
に設けた歯車１２は上記カウンタ軸６の左側の歯車８と
噛合し、入力軸２の動力はカウンタ軸６により減速され
て一次軸１１に伝達される。Ｖベルト式無段変速機１０
は、周知のとおり一次軸１１と二次軸１３とを有してお
り、各軸にはプーリ径を可変としうるプーリ１４，１５
が設けられ、これらプーリ間にＶヘルド１６が巻き掛け
られている。そして、プーリ１４．１５のプーリ径を油
圧装置などにより調整することによりて、変速比を無段
階に変えることができる。The primary shaft 11 of the V-belt continuously variable transmission 10 is the input shaft 2
The gear 12 provided at the tip of the secondary shaft 11 meshes with the gear 8 on the left side of the counter shaft 6, and the power of the input shaft 2 is decelerated by the counter shaft 6 and converted to the primary shaft. The signal is transmitted to the shaft 11. V-belt continuously variable transmission 10
As is well known, it has a primary shaft 11 and a secondary shaft 13, and each shaft has pulleys 14 and 15 whose pulley diameter can be changed.
are provided, and a V-heald 16 is wound between these pulleys. By adjusting the pulley diameters of the pulleys 14 and 15 using a hydraulic device or the like, the gear ratio can be changed steplessly.

上記二次軸１３の先端に設けた歯車１７は、二次軸１３
と平行な減速軸１８に外挿された歯車１９ａと噛合して
いる。減速軸１８の両端には歯車２０．２１が設けられ
ており、左端の歯車２０と上記歯車１９ａに一体の歯車
１９ｂとは、これら歯車２０，１９ｂの外周にスプライ
ンにより摺動自在に噛合する前後進切換用スリーブ２２
によって一体的に回動する。また、右端の歯車２１は出
力軸２４を有するディファレンシャル２３の歯車２５と
噛合しており、これによって二次軸１３の動力は減速軸
１８により減速されて出力軸２４に伝達される。The gear 17 provided at the tip of the secondary shaft 13
It meshes with a gear 19a extrapolated to the reduction shaft 18 parallel to the . Gears 20 and 21 are provided at both ends of the deceleration shaft 18, and the gear 20 on the left end and the gear 19b integrated with the gear 19a are front and rear that are slidably engaged with the outer peripheries of the gears 20 and 19b by splines. Advance switching sleeve 22
rotates as a unit. Furthermore, the gear 21 at the right end meshes with a gear 25 of a differential 23 having an output shaft 24, so that the power of the secondary shaft 13 is decelerated by the reduction shaft 18 and transmitted to the output shaft 24.

上記スリーブ２２は図示しないシフトフォーク等によっ
て軸方向に作動されるもので、この作動につれてスリー
ブ２２は減速軸１８の歯車１９ｂとの噛合を選択的に解
除するとともに、スリーブＺ２の外歯２２ａは上記カウ
ンタ軸６の右側の歯車９と選択的に噛合する。The sleeve 22 is actuated in the axial direction by a shift fork (not shown), and as the sleeve 22 is actuated, the sleeve 22 selectively disengages from the gear 19b of the reduction shaft 18, and the external teeth 22a of the sleeve Z2 It selectively meshes with the gear 9 on the right side of the counter shaft 6.

すなわち、図中実線で示すようにスリーブ２２が右側位
置にあるときには、外歯２２ａはカウンタ軸６の歯車９
と噛合していないため、入力軸２の動力は、カウンタ軸
６、Ｖベルト式無段変速機１０および減速軸１日を介し
て出力軸２４に伝達され、かつ入力軸２と出力軸２４と
は同方向に回転するので、車両を前進させることができ
る。一方、スリーブ２２が破線で示すように左側位置に
移動すると、外歯２２ａがカウンタ軸６の歯車９と噛合
するとともに、スリーブ２２と減速軸１８の歯車１９ｂ
との噛合が外れる。したがって、人力軸２の動力は、■
ヘルド式無段変速機１０を経由せずに、カウンタ軸６、
スリーブ２２および減速軸１８を介して出力軸２４に伝
達され、かつ入力軸２と出力軸２４とが逆方向に回転す
るため、車両を後退させることができる。第２図は後進
時における歯車の噛み合い状態を示している。That is, when the sleeve 22 is in the right position as shown by the solid line in the figure, the external teeth 22a are connected to the gear 9 of the counter shaft 6.
Since the input shaft 2 is not in mesh with the rotate in the same direction, allowing the vehicle to move forward. On the other hand, when the sleeve 22 moves to the left position as shown by the broken line, the external teeth 22a mesh with the gear 9 of the counter shaft 6, and the sleeve 22 and the gear 19b of the reduction shaft 18 mesh with each other.
The mesh becomes disengaged. Therefore, the power of the human power axis 2 is
The counter shaft 6, without going through the heald type continuously variable transmission 10,
Since the signal is transmitted to the output shaft 24 via the sleeve 22 and the deceleration shaft 18, and the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 24 rotate in opposite directions, the vehicle can be moved backward. FIG. 2 shows the meshing state of the gears during reverse travel.

なお、上記スリーブ２２を作動させて前後進切換を行う
とき、一旦ガウンタ軸６へのりＪ力伝達を断つ必要があ
り、この目的のためフロントクラソチ４が設けられてい
る。その結果、スリーブ２２を作動させると同時にフロ
ントクラッチ４を切ることにより、カウンタ軸６は回転
自由となり、スリーブ２２の外歯２２ａとカウンタ軸６
の歯車９との噛み合いはスムーズに行われる。It should be noted that when the sleeve 22 is operated to perform forward/reverse switching, it is necessary to temporarily cut off the transmission of the force J to the counter shaft 6, and a front clasp 4 is provided for this purpose. As a result, by operating the sleeve 22 and disengaging the front clutch 4 at the same time, the counter shaft 6 becomes free to rotate, and the external teeth 22a of the sleeve 22 and the counter shaft 6
meshing with the gear 9 occurs smoothly.

上記実施例では、減速軸１８の歯車１９ｂ、２０の外周
にスリーブ２２を摺動自在に設けた例を示したが、これ
に代えてカウンタ軸６の歯止９の外周にスリーブ２２を
設けてもよい。In the above embodiment, the sleeve 22 is slidably provided on the outer periphery of the gears 19b and 20 of the reduction shaft 18, but instead of this, the sleeve 22 is provided on the outer periphery of the pawl 9 of the counter shaft 6. Good too.

また、上記実施例では減速軸１８に歯車１９ａ、１９ｂ
を回転自在に設けたが、これはつぎのような理由による
。すなわち、歯車１９ａを減速軸１８に固定し、歯車１
９ｂを省略しても上記と同様な前後進切換を行うことは
できるが、この場合には、後進時にも無段変速機１０の
二次軸１３と出力軸２４とが減速軸１８を介して接続さ
れるため、無段変速機１０に負荷が掛かり、ブーＵ　１
４．１５の制御が必要となる。これに対し、実施例のよ
うに構成すると、後進時に無段変速機１０の二次軸１３
と出力軸２４との動力伝達が断たれるので、無段変速機
１０に負荷が掛からず、プーリ制御が不要となるからで
ある。Further, in the above embodiment, the gears 19a and 19b are provided on the deceleration shaft 18.
The reason for this is as follows. That is, the gear 19a is fixed to the reduction shaft 18, and the gear 1
Even if 9b is omitted, the same forward/reverse switching as described above can be performed, but in this case, the secondary shaft 13 and output shaft 24 of the continuously variable transmission 10 are connected via the deceleration shaft 18 even when traveling in reverse. Since the connection is made, a load is applied to the continuously variable transmission 10, and the boost U 1
4.15 control is required. On the other hand, when configured as in the embodiment, the secondary shaft 13 of the continuously variable transmission 10
This is because power transmission between the output shaft 24 and the output shaft 24 is cut off, so no load is applied to the continuously variable transmission 10, and pulley control becomes unnecessary.

発明の効果 以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明によればカウンタ
軸あるいは減速軸の歯車と摺動自在に噛み合う前後進切
換用スリーブを設け、カウンタ軸の歯車と減速軸の歯車
とを上記スリーブを介して選択的に１０合可能としたの
で、後進時には人力軸の動力はＶヘルドを経由せずに出
力軸に伝達され、動力損失がなくかつプーリル制御の必
要もない。Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, a forward/reverse switching sleeve is provided that slidably meshes with the gear of the counter shaft or the reduction shaft, and the gear of the counter shaft and the gear of the reduction shaft are connected to each other as described above. Since the 10-position is selectively enabled through the sleeve, the power of the human-powered shaft is transmitted to the output shaft without passing through the V-heald when traveling in reverse, so there is no power loss and there is no need for pulley control.

また、後進用のアイドルギヤが不要となるため、軸数を
減らすことができ、構造を簡素化できる。Furthermore, since an idle gear for reverse movement is not required, the number of axes can be reduced and the structure can be simplified.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明にかかる変速装置の全体構成を示すスケ
ルトン図、第２図はその歯車の配置を示す図である。 ２・・・入力軸、６・・・カウンタ軸、１０・・・■ベ
ルト式無段変速機、１１・・・−次軸、１３・・・二次
軸、１６・・・Ｖヘルド、１８・・・減速軸、２２・・
・スリーブ、２３・・・ディファレンシャル、２４・・
・出力軸。 出　願　人　　ダイハツ工業株式会社 代　理　人　　弁理士　筒井　秀隆 ＄１図 第２図FIG. 1 is a skeleton diagram showing the overall configuration of a transmission according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement of gears thereof. 2...Input shaft, 6...Counter shaft, 10...■ Belt type continuously variable transmission, 11...-Next shaft, 13...Secondary shaft, 16...V-held, 18・・・Deceleration axis, 22...
・Sleeve, 23...Differential, 24...
・Output shaft. Applicant Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Hidetaka Tsutsui Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）入力軸とＶベルト式無段変速機の一次軸とを同一
軸線上に配置し、入力軸を該入力軸と平行な減速用カウ
ンタ軸を介して一次軸に接続するとともに、Ｖベルト式
無段変速機の二次軸を該二次軸と平行な減速軸を介して
出力軸に接続した変速装置であって、上記カウンタ軸あ
るいは減速軸の歯車と摺動自在に噛み合う前後進切換用
スリーブを設け、カウンタ軸の山車と減速軸の歯車とを
上記スリーブを介して選択的に噛合可能としたことを特
徴とする変速装置。(1) The input shaft and the primary shaft of the V-belt type continuously variable transmission are arranged on the same axis, and the input shaft is connected to the primary shaft via a deceleration counter shaft parallel to the input shaft, and the V-belt A transmission in which a secondary shaft of a continuously variable transmission is connected to an output shaft via a reduction shaft parallel to the secondary shaft, and is a forward/reverse switching device that slidably meshes with a gear on the counter shaft or reduction shaft. What is claimed is: 1. A transmission device comprising a sleeve for selectively engaging a float on a counter shaft and a gear on a reduction shaft via the sleeve.