JPS6168037A - Fabrication of denture bed - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は熱可塑性樹脂を用いて、簡易な設備で良好な成
形が可能な義歯床製作法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a denture base using a thermoplastic resin, which enables good molding with simple equipment.

従来の技術 従来の樹脂製義歯床は、長年の間アクリル系樹脂を用い
、ポリマーとモノマーの加熱重合による加圧成形法によ
り得られていた。これは取扱いが簡易で複雑な工程が存
しないため、設備的にも安価であるという利点があった
。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventional resin denture bases have long been manufactured using acrylic resins by pressure molding through heat polymerization of polymers and monomers. This method has the advantage of being easy to handle and requiring no complicated processes, so it is inexpensive in terms of equipment.

しかし、この様なアクリル系樹脂の加熱重合により得ら
れた義歯床は脆く、薄い部分は咬合力により破折するこ
とが多い強度的な欠点とともに、加熱重合反応が不十分
な場合が多いため、残留モノマーが溶出してアレルギー
症状を起すというた衛生上の欠点をも有するものであづ
た。However, denture bases obtained by heating polymerization of such acrylic resins are brittle, and the thin portions often break due to occlusal force, which is a strength disadvantage, as well as the heating polymerization reaction is often insufficient. It also has hygienic drawbacks, such as residual monomers leaching out and causing allergic symptoms.

そこで、このような欠点を除去するものとしてポリサル
ホン樹脂を石膏型を用いて射出成形するものが提案され
、実用化されるようになってきた。In order to eliminate these drawbacks, injection molding of polysulfone resin using a plaster mold has been proposed and has come into practical use.

しかしながら、該射出成形法は、高粘度のポリサルホン
樹脂を所定の義歯床形空洞の中に過不足なく射出注入し
なければならず、また過度の射出圧や保持圧は石膏型の
破損や、義歯床成形品の残留歪を発生させる。したがっ
て安定的に良好な成形品を得るためには、極めて厳密な
温度制御、圧力制御、射出速度制御等が必要であり、成
形機が極めて大型化し、高価なものとなる欠点がありた
。However, with this injection molding method, high viscosity polysulfone resin must be injected into a predetermined denture base-shaped cavity in just the right amount, and excessive injection pressure or holding pressure may cause damage to the plaster mold or damage to the denture. Generates residual strain in floor moldings. Therefore, in order to stably obtain a good molded product, extremely strict temperature control, pressure control, injection speed control, etc. are required, which has the disadvantage that the molding machine becomes extremely large and expensive.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 本発明はかかる従来欠点を除去し得る、熱可塑性樹脂を
用いて簡易な設備で安定的に良好な義歯床が得られる製
作法を提供することを目的とするものである。Problems to be Solved by the Invention It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a denture base that can stably obtain a good denture base using a thermoplastic resin and with simple equipment, which can eliminate such conventional drawbacks. It is.

すなわち、残留モノマーの溶出が懸念される従来のアク
リル系樹脂でなく、ポリサルホン等の熱可塑性樹脂を用
い、射出成形法のような大型で複雑、高価な設備でなく
、取扱いが簡単で、装！４が大型化せず、低廉な設備費
用で成形が可能な義歯床製作法を提供するものである。In other words, thermoplastic resins such as polysulfone are used instead of conventional acrylic resins, which are concerned about elution of residual monomers, and are easy to handle and can be assembled without the need for large, complicated, and expensive equipment like injection molding. 4 provides a method for manufacturing a denture base that does not increase in size and allows molding at low equipment costs.

問題点を解決するための手段 本発明の特徴とするところは、内部に所望の義歯床形空
洞を有する上下フラスコからなる型を上下に開くことに
よって両フラスコ間に若干の空隙を設け、下フラスコの
底部注入口下方に、加熱軟化せしめた一床分の熱可塑性
樹脂が収容された容器を配置し、該容器を下フラスコで
押圧し、圧し潰すことにより該樹脂を下フラスコの該注
入口を通じてフラスコ内へ注入した後、上下フラスコを
圧接することにある。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is characterized by opening a mold consisting of an upper and lower flask, each having a desired denture base-shaped cavity inside, vertically to create a slight gap between the two flasks. A container containing one bed's worth of thermoplastic resin that has been softened by heating is placed below the bottom injection port, and the container is pressed and crushed with the lower flask to allow the resin to pass through the injection port of the lower flask. After injecting into the flask, the upper and lower flasks are pressed together.

本発明において、上下フラスコの内部に所望の義歯床形
空洞を設ける方法は特に制限さくれない。すなわち、適
法に従い、バラフイ〃で作成された蝋義歯を上下フラス
コ内に石膏埋没させ、加熱軟化させた後、バラフイ々を
除去するいわゆるロストワックス法等が適用される。In the present invention, there are no particular limitations on the method of providing a desired denture base-shaped cavity inside the upper and lower flasks. That is, the so-called lost wax method is applied, in which a wax denture made of wax dentures is embedded in plaster in upper and lower flasks, heated and softened, and then the wax dentures are removed in accordance with legal procedures.

本発明において、上フラスコと下フラスコを若干の空隙
を設けて配置する方法についても特に制限はない。例え
ば、上フラスコと下フラスコの間に、板バネやコイルバ
ネ等を載置し、上下フラスコが加圧されない状態では板
バネ、コイルバネの弾力で上下フラスコの間蚤こ空隙が
形成され、軟化樹脂がフラスコ内に注入された後、上下
フラスコを加圧した時、加圧力が板バネ、コイルバネ等
の弾力を上まわり、上下フラスコが圧接され、密着され
るような方法が適用される。In the present invention, there is no particular restriction on the method of arranging the upper flask and lower flask with a slight gap between them. For example, if a plate spring or coil spring is placed between the upper flask and the lower flask, and the upper and lower flasks are not pressurized, the elasticity of the plate spring or coil spring will form a gap between the upper and lower flasks, and the softened resin will A method is used in which when the upper and lower flasks are pressurized after being poured into the flask, the pressurizing force exceeds the elasticity of the plate spring, coil spring, etc., and the upper and lower flasks are brought into pressure contact and brought into close contact.

上フラスコと下フラスコの空隙は成形を目的とする義歯
床の大きさに応じて任意に選択されるが、通常０．５〜
５ｕ程度が好ましいが、軟化樹脂の空洞への項八性、樹
脂の冷却による粘度〆上昇等のバランスから１〜３ｕの
特設も良好な成形状態が得られるため特に好ましい。The gap between the upper flask and the lower flask is arbitrarily selected depending on the size of the denture base to be molded, but is usually 0.5~
A value of about 5 u is preferable, but a special setting of 1 to 3 u is particularly preferable because a good molding state can be obtained from the viewpoint of the balance between the elasticity of the softened resin into the cavity and the increase in viscosity due to cooling of the resin.

本発明において、−床分の熱可塑性樹脂が収容される容
器についても特に制限はない。In the present invention, there is no particular restriction on the container in which the -bed's worth of thermoplastic resin is stored.

下フラスコで該容器を圧しｌ貴し、熱可塑性樹脂がフラ
スコ内に注入されればよく、従って該容器としては筒状
、箱状等が任意に選ばれるが、例えば筒状では肉厚０．
０５〜１謂程度、直径２０〜５０ｍ、深さ２０〜８０ｕ
程度のものが、目的とする義歯床の大きさ、形状に応じ
て選択される。It is sufficient to press the container with the lower flask and inject the thermoplastic resin into the flask. Therefore, the container may be arbitrarily selected to have a cylindrical shape, a box shape, etc., but for example, a cylindrical shape may have a wall thickness of 0.
Approximately 05-1, diameter 20-50m, depth 20-80u
The grade is selected depending on the size and shape of the intended denture base.

該容器で熱可塑性樹脂を加熱軟化せしめる方法について
も制限はないが、熱可塑性樹脂を粉状、粒状、板状等に
して該容器に収容し、電気°炉や熱風循環乾燥機等によ
り、樹脂の種類に応じて２００〜４００℃の間で軟化さ
れる。板状の成形品は軟化により成形品の間に空気を包
含しにくいため好ましく用いられる。There are no restrictions on the method of heating and softening the thermoplastic resin in the container, but the thermoplastic resin is placed in the container in the form of powder, granules, plates, etc., and the resin is softened using an electric oven, hot air circulation dryer, etc. It is softened between 200 and 400°C depending on the type. A plate-shaped molded product is preferably used because it is difficult for air to be trapped between the molded products due to softening.

本発明に詔いて、下フラスコは真ちゅう、アルミニウム
等の金属で形成され、底部に樹脂注入のための孔が設け
られ内部に石膏型が埋没されたものが通常用いられるが
、金属製底板は必ずしも装着されてなくてもよく、樹脂
注入口が設けられた下石膏型で直接、軟化樹脂が収容さ
れた容器を押圧し、該容器を圧し潰し、該樹脂を上下フ
ラスコ内の義歯床形空洞へ注入することも可能である。In accordance with the present invention, the lower flask is usually made of metal such as brass or aluminum, with a hole at the bottom for resin injection and a plaster mold embedded inside, but the metal bottom plate is not necessarily used. It does not need to be attached, and the lower plaster mold equipped with a resin injection port directly presses the container containing the softened resin, crushes the container, and pours the resin into the denture base-shaped cavity in the upper and lower flasks. It is also possible to inject.

軟化樹脂かフラスコ内に注入された後、上下フラスコを
圧接する方法についても特に限定はない。例えば、油圧
駆動により上フラスコまたは下フラスコを作動し、上下
フラスコの間に介在する板バネ、コイルバネ等のバネの
弾力に抗し、さらに、フラスコ内に注入された軟化函脂
を展延させながら、上下フラスコを加圧、と４させる方
法が適用される。また、電動モーターによる駆動、ハン
ドルの手動操作による駆動で上または下フラスコを作動
させ、圧接させる方法も適用が可能である。There is no particular limitation on the method of pressing the upper and lower flasks together after the softened resin is injected into the flask. For example, the upper flask or the lower flask is actuated by hydraulic drive, resisting the elasticity of a spring such as a plate spring or coil spring interposed between the upper and lower flasks, and spreading the softened case fat injected into the flask. , and pressurizing the upper and lower flasks. It is also possible to apply a method in which the upper or lower flask is driven by an electric motor or by manual operation of a handle, and brought into pressure contact.

本発明において使用される熱可塑性樹脂としては該成形
方法で熱的に劣化を起さず、かつ適度な粘度を有し、良
好な賦型性をもち、歯肉に近似した色に着色が可能で、
適度な剛性と耐湿性を有し、かつ使用時にストレスクラ
ックを起さない強靭性を備えた樹脂であることが要求さ
れる。したがって、ポリスチレン、ポリメチルメタクリ
レート、ポリメチルルペンテン−１、透明ナイロン、ポ
リカーボネート、ボリアリレート、ポリエステルカーボ
ネート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、透明ＡＢＳ、ポ
リサルホン系樹脂などが使用されるが、特にポリサルホ
ン、ポリエーテルサルホンなどポリサルホン系の樹脂が
耐湿性、剛性、耐ストレスクラツキング性などにすぐれ
ており、好ましい。本発明で好ましい態様として使用さ
れるポリサルホン系樹脂はアリーレン単位がエーテルお
よびスルホン結合と共に無秩序にまたは秩序正しく位置
するポリアリーレンポリエーテルポリサルホンとして定
義される。たとえば 構造を有するＵＣＣ製ポリサルホンＵｄｅｌ■やＩＣＩ
製のポリエーテルサルポンＶｉｃｔｒｅｘ’％挙げられ
る。The thermoplastic resin used in the present invention is one that does not undergo thermal deterioration during the molding method, has an appropriate viscosity, has good moldability, and can be colored to resemble the color of the gums. ,
It is required that the resin has appropriate rigidity and moisture resistance, as well as toughness that does not cause stress cracks during use. Therefore, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyllupentene-1, transparent nylon, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyester carbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, transparent ABS, polysulfone resins, etc. are used, but in particular polysulfone, polyethersulfone, etc. Polysulfone resins are preferred because they have excellent moisture resistance, rigidity, stress cracking resistance, and the like. The polysulfone resin used as a preferred embodiment in the present invention is defined as a polyarylene polyether polysulfone in which arylene units are located in a disordered or ordered manner with ether and sulfone bonds. For example, UCC polysulfone Udel■ and ICI
Polyether sarpon Victrex'% manufactured by Victrex.

作　　　　　　用 本発明における熱可塑性樹脂の加熱軟化は、一部分の熱
可塑性樹脂を筒状や箱状等の簡易な容器に入れて、汎用
的に使用されている電気炉や乾燥機で行うことが可能で
あるので射出成形法で実施されているような特別の加熱
装置、例えばシリンダー、スクリュー等が不要であり、
極めて簡易な設備で十分目的を達することができる。Function: Heat softening of the thermoplastic resin in the present invention can be carried out by placing a portion of the thermoplastic resin in a simple container such as a cylinder or box, and using a commonly used electric furnace or dryer. Therefore, there is no need for special heating devices such as cylinders and screws, which are used in injection molding methods.
The purpose can be achieved with extremely simple equipment.

また、フラスコ内への樹脂の注入は該軟化した熱可塑性
ｔＭ肥が収容された容器を下フラスコで圧し潰す方法に
より行なわれるため、フラスコを破壊しない程度の強度
を有する容器を選択すればよく、特別のフラスコ、特別
の容器を必要とせず、高価な設備が不要である。In addition, since the resin is injected into the flask by crushing the container containing the softened thermoplastic tM fertilizer with the lower flask, it is only necessary to select a container that is strong enough not to destroy the flask. No special flask or special container is required, and no expensive equipment is required.

さらに、該容器が圧し潰され、軟化した熱可塑性樹脂は
下フラスコの注入口を通じてフラスコ内に注入されるが
、上下フラスコ間ニ若干の空隙が設けられているので、
口がい部などの薄肉部でも樹脂の流入が停止することな
く、義歯床形空洞の末端に近いところまで項八される。Furthermore, the container is crushed and the softened thermoplastic resin is injected into the flask through the injection port of the lower flask, but since there is a slight gap between the upper and lower flasks,
Even in thin-walled areas such as the mouth part, the resin does not stop flowing, and flows to a point close to the end of the denture base-shaped cavity.

一部分の樹脂の注入が完了した後で、上下フラスコを加
圧、密着させることによって、口がい部等薄肉部に位置
した樹脂が展延され、所定の肉厚になるとともに歯槽堤
、人工歯近傍等厚肉部や樹脂の項八が不十分になり易い
部分へも過不足なく樹脂が充填され、ひけ等の原因にな
る圧力不足も起らない。After a portion of the resin has been injected, the upper and lower flasks are pressurized and brought into close contact, allowing the resin located in thin-walled areas such as the oral cavity to spread and reach a predetermined thickness, as well as near the alveolar ridge and artificial teeth. The resin is filled in just the right amount even in thick-walled areas and areas where resin tends to be insufficient, and lack of pressure that causes sink marks and the like does not occur.

すなわち、加熱軟化された一床分の熱可塑性樹脂の収容
された容器を下フラスコで圧し潰して、上下フラスコ内
に軟化樹脂を注入し、予め若干の空隙の設けられていた
上下フラスコを樹脂注入後に圧接するという技術的手段
の有機的結合によって、従来の射出成形法で必要とされ
た厳密な温度制御、圧力制御、射出速度制御等を不要に
し、それに伴なう装置の大型化、高価格化を解消し、極
めて取扱いの容易な簡便で安価な方法を提供し得たので
ある。In other words, a container containing one bed's worth of heat-softened thermoplastic resin is crushed in the lower flask, the softened resin is injected into the upper and lower flasks, and the resin is injected into the upper and lower flasks in which a slight gap has been created in advance. The organic combination of the technical means of subsequent pressure welding eliminates the need for strict temperature control, pressure control, injection speed control, etc. required in conventional injection molding methods, resulting in larger and more expensive equipment. We were able to provide a simple, inexpensive method that is extremely easy to handle.

以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、これ
は好適な態様の例示であって実施例の範囲に限定される
ものではない。Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to examples, but these are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments and are not limited to the scope of the examples.

実施例 義歯床ワックス模型の埋没されたフラスコを加熱し、ワ
ックスを軟化、流ろうさせて、第１図に示すように人工
歯１を内蔵する所定の義歯床形空洞２をフラスコ内部に
形成させた。上フラスコ３と下フラスコ４の間に、板バ
ネ５を置いて、上下フラスコの間に２ｍｌの空隙６が設
けられるよう、上下フラスコを配置させた。The flask in which the wax model of the denture base was embedded was heated to soften and flow the wax, thereby forming a predetermined denture base-shaped cavity 2 containing the artificial tooth 1 inside the flask, as shown in FIG. Ta. A plate spring 5 was placed between the upper flask 3 and the lower flask 4, and the upper and lower flasks were arranged so that a 2 ml gap 6 was provided between them.

他方、肉厚０．１　ｗｍ　、直径８０ｍ、深さ４０Ｕの
アルミニウム製の円筒形容器７に、歯肉様に着色された
熱可塑性樹脂ポリエーテルサルホン（ＩＣＩ社製Ｖｉｃ
ｔｒｅｘ　４１００Ｇ）の８關厚の板状成形品を一床分
収容した後、３６０℃の熱風循環乾燥機に入れ、１０分
間加熱し、軟化させた。加熱軟化したポリエーテルサル
ホン８の収容されたアルミニウム容器７を下フラスコの
下方７閏の所に位置させた後、第２図に示すように容器
７を上昇させ、下フラスコ４に設けられた樹脂注入口９
を接触させ、さらに容器７を下フラスコ４に強く圧しつ
け、容器７を圧し潰しながら軟化したポリエーテルサル
ホン８を樹脂注入口９を通してフラスコ内の義歯床形空
洞２内へ項八せしめた。On the other hand, a cylindrical container 7 made of aluminum with a wall thickness of 0.1 wm, a diameter of 80 m, and a depth of 40 U was filled with a thermoplastic resin polyethersulfone (Vic manufactured by ICI) colored like gums.
After accommodating one bed of 8-inch thick plate-shaped molded products of TREX 4100G), they were placed in a hot air circulation dryer at 360°C and heated for 10 minutes to soften them. After placing the aluminum container 7 containing heat-softened polyether sulfone 8 at the lower 7 levers of the lower flask, the container 7 was raised as shown in FIG. Resin injection port 9
The container 7 was then strongly pressed against the lower flask 4, and while crushing the container 7, the softened polyether sulfone 8 was forced into the denture base-shaped cavity 2 in the flask through the resin injection port 9.

所定量の軟化ポリエーテルサルホンを注入した後、第８
図に示すように上フラスコ３を下方に加圧し、板バネ５
を押し広げて、上フラスコ８と下フラスコ４を密着させ
た。After injecting a predetermined amount of softened polyether sulfone, the eighth
Press the upper flask 3 downward as shown in the figure, and press the plate spring 5.
were pushed apart to bring the upper flask 8 and lower flask 4 into close contact.

冷却後、石膏を粉砕して義歯床成形品を取り出した。After cooling, the plaster was crushed and the denture base molded product was taken out.

該義歯床成形品はすみずみまで完全に樹脂が充填されて
おり、肉厚部においてもひけが認められず、義歯床ワッ
クス模型に忠実な肉厚、寸法を有する良好なものであっ
た。The denture base molded product was completely filled with resin in every corner, no sink marks were observed even in the thick wall parts, and the product had a good wall thickness and dimensions that were faithful to the denture base wax model.

発明の効果 以上に述べたように本発明は簡易な容器に　４・収容さ
れた軟化した一床分の熱可塑性樹脂を、下フラスコで該
容器を圧し潰すことによって、フラスコ内に注入した後
、上下フラスコを圧接することにより、軟化樹脂を所定
の空洞のすみずみまで充填させる方法としたので以下の
ような効果を有する。Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention has the following advantages: 4. After injecting one bed's worth of softened thermoplastic resin contained in a simple container into the flask by crushing the container with the lower flask, By pressing the upper and lower flasks together, the softened resin is filled into every corner of a predetermined cavity, so the following effects are achieved.

（１）従来の射出成形法゛に比べ、厳密な温度制御、射
出圧力制御、射出速度制御が不要であるので装置が小型
で安価に製造できる。(1) Compared to the conventional injection molding method, strict temperature control, injection pressure control, and injection speed control are not required, so the device can be made smaller and manufactured at lower cost.

（２）軟化樹脂の注入後、加圧により樹脂を展延し、項
八させる方法なので、射出成形における圏脂注へ部（ゲ
ート部）での過大な残留歪が生じない。(2) After the softened resin is injected, the resin is spread under pressure to form a layer, so excessive residual strain does not occur at the resin pouring part (gate part) in injection molding.

（８）軟化樹脂が空洞を完全充填するまで圧が十分に加
わるので、歯槽堤など厚肉部もひけることがない。(8) Since sufficient pressure is applied until the softened resin completely fills the cavity, thick parts such as the alveolar ridge will not collapse.

（４）熱可塑性樹脂を使用しているので、従来のアクリ
ル加熱重合方式で問題とされる残留上ツマ−がない。(4) Since a thermoplastic resin is used, there is no residual buildup, which is a problem with conventional acrylic heating polymerization methods.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１〜８図は本発明の方法の実施態様の工程を示す断面
図である。 １・・・・・・人工歯 ２・・・・・・義歯床形空洞 ３・・・・・・上フラスコ ４・・・・・・下フラスコ ５・・・・・・板バネ ６・・・・・・空隙 ７・・・・・・容器 ８・・・・・・熱可塑性樹脂 ９・・・・・・樹脂注入口 第１図 第３図1-8 are cross-sectional views showing the steps of an embodiment of the method of the present invention. 1... Artificial tooth 2... Denture base shaped cavity 3... Upper flask 4... Lower flask 5... Leaf spring 6... ...Gap 7...Container 8...Thermoplastic resin 9...Resin injection port Fig. 1 Fig. 3

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 内部に所望の義歯床形空洞を有する上下フ ラスコからなる型を上下に開くことによって両フラスコ
間に若干の空隙を設け、下フラスコの底部注入口下方に
加熱軟化せしめた一床分の熱可塑性樹脂が収容された容
器を配置し、該容器を下フラスコで押圧し、圧し潰すこ
とにより該樹脂を下フラスコの該注入口を通じてフラス
コ内へ注入した後、上下フラスコを圧接することを特徴
とする義歯床製作法。[Claims] A mold consisting of an upper and lower flask having a desired denture base-shaped cavity therein is opened up and down to create a slight gap between the two flasks, and a portion of the lower flask below the bottom injection port is heated and softened. A container containing a bed's worth of thermoplastic resin is placed, and the container is pressed and crushed by the lower flask to inject the resin into the flask through the injection port of the lower flask, and then the upper and lower flasks are pressed together. A denture base manufacturing method characterized by: