JPS6160208B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6160208B2 JPS6160208B2 JP9907982A JP9907982A JPS6160208B2 JP S6160208 B2 JPS6160208 B2 JP S6160208B2 JP 9907982 A JP9907982 A JP 9907982A JP 9907982 A JP9907982 A JP 9907982A JP S6160208 B2 JPS6160208 B2 JP S6160208B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- slope
- anchor rod
- detection mechanism
- displacement
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は斜面崩壊現象、すなわち、自然にある
いは人工的に堆積した土砂等の斜面が雨水その他
の原因により崩壊する現象を事前に予知しあるい
は斜面崩壊の突発的発生を迅速に検知することを
可能ならしめる装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is capable of predicting in advance a slope failure phenomenon, that is, a phenomenon in which a slope of naturally or artificially deposited earth and sand collapses due to rainwater or other causes, or to prevent the sudden occurrence of a slope failure. The present invention relates to a device that enables rapid detection.
土砂等の斜面の崩壊は一般に前兆現象が明確で
はなく、従来から土中ひずみ計、傾斜計あるいは
水位計などを用いる方式や、間隙水圧、地表面移
動あるいは破壊音を観測ないし検知する方式など
の諸策が試みられているが、いずれも精密測定が
困難で、データの収集作業が容易でなく、さらに
膨大な長期間のデータを分析して異常を判定する
必要があり、事後の原因分析等には役立つもの
の、崩壊現象の予知を適確に行えるまでには到つ
ていないのが実状である。 In general, there are no clear precursors to the collapse of slopes due to soil and sand, and conventional methods include methods that use soil strain meters, inclinometers, or water level meters, and methods that observe or detect pore water pressure, ground surface movement, or failure sounds. Various measures have been tried, but all of them are difficult to measure accurately, data collection is not easy, and it is necessary to analyze huge amounts of long-term data to determine abnormalities, and it is difficult to analyze the cause after the fact. However, the reality is that we have not yet reached the point where we can accurately predict collapse phenomena.
従来方式のうち、地表面の移動だけは、長期に
観測すれば累積変動量から崩壊の時期予測が可能
となる場合があるが、計測方法として提案されて
いるものは、亀裂部分を挾んだ両側地盤に杭を打
ち、杭間にワイヤを張架してその伸縮を伸縮計に
より測定するというものであり、構造的な面から
設置数が制限され、複数のデータから斜面の面状
の崩壊を予知するためには、データが不足するか
あるいはデータの解析が複雑なものとなつて予知
の確度を落さざるを得なくなる。 Among the conventional methods, if only the movement of the ground surface is observed over a long period of time, it may be possible to predict the time of collapse from the cumulative amount of change, but the proposed measurement method Piles are driven into the ground on both sides, wire is stretched between the piles, and the expansion and contraction is measured using an extensometer.The number of installations is limited due to structural reasons, and multiple data can be used to determine whether the slope is planarly collapsing. In order to make predictions, either there is a lack of data or the analysis of the data becomes complicated, making predictions less accurate.
そこで本発明は従来技術の持つ欠点を除去し
て、構造が簡単で斜面へ複数面状に配設すること
が容易に可能であり、しかも斜面の崩壊に一義的
に対応する物理量を捉えることにより限界値との
比較が容易に行えるような斜面崩壊予知・検知装
置を提供するこを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art, has a simple structure, can be easily installed on multiple surfaces on a slope, and moreover, by capturing the physical quantity that uniquely corresponds to slope failure. The purpose is to provide a slope failure prediction/detection device that allows easy comparison with limit values.
この目的は、本発明によれば、一端が固定地盤
に固定され他端が斜面に沿つて配設された保護基
材等の受圧部材を貫通してなるアンカーロツド
と、このアンカーロツドと前記受圧部材との相対
的変位を検出する変位検知機構とを、斜面の複数
個所に設けることによつて達成される。 According to the present invention, an anchor rod having one end fixed to a fixed ground and the other end penetrating a pressure receiving member such as a protective base material disposed along a slope; This is achieved by providing displacement detection mechanisms at multiple locations on the slope.
アンカーロツドと受圧部材との相対的変位を検
出する変位検知機構としては、変位そのものを長
さの変化として検知するタイプのもの（たとえば
固定部と可動部とに設けられた複数の光電素子の
位置ずれを検出するようなもの）や、長さの変化
を電気抵抗の変化に置き換えるタイプのもの、な
いしは変位を圧力の変化として検知するタイプの
ものなどが用いられ得るが、設置環境から要求さ
れる構造的堅牢性と信頼性という観点から、圧力
検知素子ないし機構を用いるのが最良の実施態様
といえよう。 Displacement detection mechanisms that detect the relative displacement between the anchor rod and the pressure-receiving member are of the type that detects the displacement itself as a change in length (for example, a displacement detection mechanism that detects the relative displacement of the anchor rod and the pressure-receiving member). A type that detects a change in electrical resistance), a type that replaces a change in length with a change in electrical resistance, or a type that detects displacement as a change in pressure can be used, but depending on the structure required by the installation environment. From the standpoint of physical robustness and reliability, the best implementation would be to use a pressure sensing element or mechanism.
そこで以下に変位検知機構として圧力検知機構
を用いた実施例について図面に基づいて説明す
る。 Therefore, an embodiment using a pressure detection mechanism as the displacement detection mechanism will be described below based on the drawings.
第１図は本発明を適用したシステムの概略を示
すもので、土砂等からなる斜面１にコンクリート
ブロツクなどから成る斜面保護枠２が設けられて
いる場合に、その保護枠２に後述する圧力検知機
構３，３，…を複数個配置し、各圧力検知機構か
らの出力導線４，４，…を電柱などに取り付けら
れた制御箱５に導き、公知のモデム（変復調装
置）６を介して電力線ないし電話線７を通じて図
示しない道路管理事務所等の集中監視盤に信号を
伝送するようになつている。さらに斜面の近傍に
は点滅ないしブザー等による警報装置８が設置さ
れ、制御箱５ないしは道路管理事務所からの斜面
崩壊予知信号に基づいて斜面近傍通過車両、歩行
者ないしは近傍居住者に対して警報を発するよう
になされている。制御箱５への給電のために太陽
電池９や図示しないバツテリを備えるのが好都合
である。第１図に示すシステムはあくまでも一例
であつて、環境に応じた変形が可能である。 FIG. 1 shows an outline of a system to which the present invention is applied. When a slope protection frame 2 made of concrete blocks or the like is provided on a slope 1 made of earth and sand, pressure detection is performed on the protection frame 2 as described below. A plurality of mechanisms 3, 3, ... are arranged, and the output conductors 4, 4, ... from each pressure detection mechanism are led to a control box 5 attached to a utility pole, etc., and connected to a power line via a known modem (modulator/demodulator) 6. Alternatively, the signal is transmitted through the telephone line 7 to a centralized monitoring board at a road management office or the like (not shown). Further, a warning device 8 with flashing or buzzing is installed near the slope, and based on the slope failure prediction signal from the control box 5 or the road management office, it alerts vehicles passing near the slope, pedestrians, or nearby residents. It is designed to emit. It is convenient to provide a solar cell 9 or a battery (not shown) to supply power to the control box 5. The system shown in FIG. 1 is just an example, and can be modified according to the environment.
さて、第２図は本発明の実施例を示すもので、
斜面１１に設けられる斜面保護枠１２の一部に貫
通するようにアンカーロツド１３を固定地盤１４
に到達するまで埋め込む。必要に応じてモルタル
１５等を予め注入しておき、アンカーロツド１３
の位置ずれが生じないようにしておくのがよい。
斜面保護枠１２から突き出たアンカーロツド１３
の端部には、斜面保護枠１２との間に圧力検知機
構１６を介挿する形でストツパないしボルト１７
が設けられる。 Now, FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
The anchor rod 13 is fixed to the ground 14 so as to penetrate a part of the slope protection frame 12 provided on the slope 11.
Embed until you reach . If necessary, pour mortar 15 or the like in advance and attach the anchor rod 13.
It is best to make sure that no misalignment occurs.
Anchor rod 13 protruding from slope protection frame 12
A stopper or bolt 17 is installed at the end of the slope protection frame 12 with a pressure detection mechanism 16 inserted therebetween.
will be provided.
第３図は圧力検知機構１６の部分を更に拡大し
て示すもので、第２図と同一の符号は同一の部材
を示す。 FIG. 3 shows a further enlarged view of the pressure detection mechanism 16, and the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2 indicate the same members.
圧力検知機構１６は剛性のケース１８とこのケ
ース１８にねじ止めされる蓋１９とを持つ。ケー
ス１８内にはアンカーロツド１３の端部２０がケ
ース内壁を摺動し得るように配設され、端部２０
の内面ケース１８の斜面保護枠１２側の内面２１
との間にばね２２が介装される。さらにケース１
８の内面２１にはスイツチ２３が設けられ、この
スイツチから導線２４がケース１８の外部に引き
出されている。アンカーロツド１３は斜面保護枠
１２に穿設された孔２４内を間隙をもつて貫通し
ているが、場合によつてはこの間隙内にアンカー
ロツド１３との滑動の良好なリングを挿入しても
よい。 The pressure detection mechanism 16 has a rigid case 18 and a lid 19 screwed to the case 18. An end portion 20 of the anchor rod 13 is disposed within the case 18 so as to be able to slide on the inner wall of the case.
The inner surface 21 of the inner surface case 18 on the side of the slope protection frame 12
A spring 22 is interposed between the two. Furthermore, case 1
A switch 23 is provided on the inner surface 21 of the case 8, and a conductive wire 24 is drawn out from the switch to the outside of the case 18. The anchor rod 13 passes through a hole 24 drilled in the slope protection frame 12 with a gap, but depending on the case, a ring that can easily slide with the anchor rod 13 may be inserted into this gap. .
かかる圧力検知機構を斜面保護枠１２に配設す
る際には、予め固定地盤内にモルタル１５をパイ
プ等を介して打ち込んでおき、ばね２２を内装し
たケース１８を斜面保護枠１２に固定した状態で
アンカーロツド１３を押し込み最後に蓋１９をケ
ース１８の外周に切つたねじにねじ込めばよい。 When installing such a pressure detection mechanism in the slope protection frame 12, mortar 15 is driven into the fixed ground through a pipe or the like in advance, and the case 18 containing the spring 22 is fixed to the slope protection frame 12. Push in the anchor rod 13 and finally screw the lid 19 onto the screw cut on the outer periphery of the case 18.
かかる構成において、モルタル１５が十分に固
化した状態ではアンカーロツド１３の端部２０は
固定地盤に対して不動の位置を保つ。しかして斜
面を構成する土壌がたとえば集中豪雨等で多量に
水を含んで斜面保護枠に過大な土圧が加わると、
斜面保護枠１２はまず外方に膨出ししかるのち決
壊して斜面崩壊を惹き起すが、決壊前の外方に膨
出した状態において斜面保護枠上のケース１８も
アンカーロツド１３に対し相対的に外方に変位す
る結果、スイツチ２３のアクチユエータがアンカ
ーロツド１３の端部２０の内面に当接してスイツ
チ２３が動作するに到る。 In such a configuration, when the mortar 15 is sufficiently hardened, the end 20 of the anchor rod 13 remains in an immovable position relative to the fixed ground. However, if the soil that makes up the slope contains a large amount of water due to, for example, torrential rain, excessive earth pressure is applied to the slope protection frame.
The slope protection frame 12 first bulges outward and then collapses, causing a slope failure. However, in the outward bulge state before collapse, the case 18 on the slope protection frame also bulges outward relative to the anchor rod 13. As a result of this displacement, the actuator of the switch 23 comes into contact with the inner surface of the end 20 of the anchor rod 13, and the switch 23 is operated.
したがつて第１図に示すごとくかかる圧力検知
機構を複数個直列に接続する場合には、上記スイ
ツチ２３として動作時に開路するものを用いれ
ば、常時導通状態にある信号線が非導通状態とな
ることをもつて圧力検知機構動作と判断できるこ
とになり、逆に複数の圧力検知機構を並列接続す
る場合には、スイツチ２３として動作時に閉路す
るものを用いれば信号線の非導通状態から導通状
態への変化をもつて圧力検知機構の動作を把握す
ることが可能となる。 Therefore, when a plurality of such pressure detection mechanisms are connected in series as shown in FIG. 1, if the switch 23 is one that opens during operation, the signal line that is always in a conductive state becomes non-conductive. This means that it can be determined that the pressure detection mechanism is operating.On the other hand, if multiple pressure detection mechanisms are connected in parallel, using a switch 23 that closes during operation will change the signal line from a non-conducting state to a conducting state. It is possible to understand the operation of the pressure detection mechanism based on the change in .
本発明による圧力検知機構は固定地盤に対する
斜面保護枠の相対的な変位を直接検知するもので
あるから、スイツチ２３が動作するに到るストロ
ークを斜面保護枠の物理的崩壊限界直前の値に設
定することが可能となり、したがつて従来装置よ
り精度のよい予知が可能となる。 Since the pressure detection mechanism according to the present invention directly detects the relative displacement of the slope protection frame with respect to the fixed ground, the stroke that causes the switch 23 to operate is set to a value immediately before the physical collapse limit of the slope protection frame. Therefore, more accurate prediction than conventional devices is possible.
なお、本発明の実施に当つては次のような変形
例が多数考えられる。 It should be noted that in carrying out the present invention, many modifications such as the following can be considered.
まず変位検知機構は第３図図示のものに限られ
ないことはいうまでもない。要はアンカーロツド
と斜面保護枠との相対的変位を検出できるもので
あればよい。 First, it goes without saying that the displacement detection mechanism is not limited to that shown in FIG. In short, any device that can detect the relative displacement between the anchor rod and the slope protection frame is sufficient.
また、変位検知機構を設置する部材は斜面保護
枠そのものでなくともよく、要は土圧を検知する
ことのできる受圧部材として構成されたものであ
ればよい。 Further, the member on which the displacement detection mechanism is installed does not have to be the slope protection frame itself, but may be any member configured as a pressure receiving member capable of detecting earth pressure.
さらに、変位検知機構の出力処理も、単一の変
位検知機構動作をもつて崩壊予知を行なわずに、
複数個の変位検知機構の動作によりはじめて崩壊
予知信号を出すように構成してもよい。これは各
変位検知機構から個々の信号線を制御箱内に導く
ことにより周知の論理回路を用いて要易に実現可
能である。 Furthermore, the output processing of the displacement detection mechanism does not involve prediction of collapse by the operation of a single displacement detection mechanism.
The collapse prediction signal may be outputted only by the operation of a plurality of displacement detection mechanisms. This can be easily realized using a well-known logic circuit by leading individual signal lines from each displacement detection mechanism into the control box.
変位検知機構の出力を２段階として、一つを受
圧部材の破壊直前の値に、他の一つを破壊値に設
定することも目的に叶つている。第３図の例でい
えば異なるストロークで動作する二つのリミツト
スイツチを用いればこの目的は達成される。短い
ストロークで動作するリミツトスイツチが更に続
くストロークにより破壊されることがあつても実
質上問題はない。なんとなればこの種の装置の性
格上、斜面崩壊後の再利用は期待できないからで
ある。 It is also possible to set the output of the displacement detection mechanism in two stages, with one set at the value immediately before the pressure-receiving member breaks, and the other set at the breaking value. In the example of FIG. 3, this objective is achieved by using two limit switches operating with different strokes. There is virtually no problem even if a limit switch that operates with a short stroke is destroyed by further strokes. This is because, due to the nature of this type of equipment, it cannot be expected to be reused after a slope failure.
以上述べたように、本発明は固定地盤に固定さ
れたアンカーロツドと斜面に沿つて配設された受
圧部材との相対的変位を検出することにより、構
造的にも簡単で斜面に複数個設置することがで
き、かつ動作が臨界的に設定できる装置を提供す
ることが可能となり、人災等の防止に貢献すると
ころ大である。 As described above, the present invention is structurally simple and allows multiple installations on a slope by detecting the relative displacement between the anchor rod fixed to the fixed ground and the pressure receiving member arranged along the slope. This makes it possible to provide a device that can perform critical operations and set its operation at critical levels, which greatly contributes to the prevention of man-made disasters.
第１図は本発明を適用したシステムの略示図、
第２図は本発明の実施例の概念図、第３図は本発
明の実施例の部分断面図である。
１，１１……斜面、２，１２……斜面保護枠、
３，１６……圧力検知機構、４，２４……出力導
線（信号線）、５……制御箱、１３……アンカー
ロツド、１４……固定地盤、２２…ばね、２３…
…スイツチ。
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system to which the present invention is applied;
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention. 1, 11... Slope, 2, 12... Slope protection frame,
3, 16...Pressure detection mechanism, 4, 24...Output conductor (signal line), 5...Control box, 13...Anchor rod, 14...Fixed ground, 22...Spring, 23...
...Switch.
Claims (1)
て配設された保護基材等の受圧部材を貫通してな
るアンカーロツドと、アンカーロツドと前記受圧
部材との相対的変位を検出する変位検知機構と
を、斜面の複数個所に設けることを特徴とする斜
面崩壊予知・検知装置。 ２ 特許請求の範囲第１項記載の装置において、
変位検知機構が受圧部材の表面とアンカーロツド
の他端との間に配置された圧力検知機構であるこ
とを特徴とする斜面崩壊予知・検知装置。[Claims] 1. An anchor rod having one end fixed to a fixed ground and the other end penetrating a pressure receiving member such as a protective base material disposed along a slope, and relative displacement between the anchor rod and the pressure receiving member. A slope failure prediction/detection device characterized in that displacement detection mechanisms for detecting displacement are provided at multiple locations on a slope. 2. In the device according to claim 1,
A slope failure prediction/detection device characterized in that the displacement detection mechanism is a pressure detection mechanism disposed between the surface of the pressure receiving member and the other end of the anchor rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9907982A JPS58218520A (en) | 1982-06-09 | 1982-06-09 | Predicting and detecting device for degradation of slope |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9907982A JPS58218520A (en) | 1982-06-09 | 1982-06-09 | Predicting and detecting device for degradation of slope |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58218520A JPS58218520A (en) | 1983-12-19 |
| JPS6160208B2 true JPS6160208B2 (en) | 1986-12-19 |
Family
ID=14237905
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9907982A Granted JPS58218520A (en) | 1982-06-09 | 1982-06-09 | Predicting and detecting device for degradation of slope |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58218520A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4331285B2 (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2009-09-16 | 東芝プラントシステム株式会社 | Ground monitoring device |
| KR100719176B1 (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2007-05-17 | (주) 종합건축사사무소 동일건축 | Watch apparatus for monitoring displacement of earth anchor |
| JP4892304B2 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2012-03-07 | 古野電気株式会社 | Observation device and land displacement monitoring system |
| JP5500374B2 (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2014-05-21 | 公益財団法人ヒューマンサイエンス振興財団 | Penetration pipe strain gauge |
| JP6731682B1 (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-07-29 | 国土防災技術株式会社 | Lock bolt displacement detector and slope stabilization method using the displacement detector |
| CN110924408B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-04 | 胡小青 | Highway side slope landslide prevention device |
| JP6823329B1 (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-02-03 | 国土防災技術株式会社 | Slope stabilization method using rock bolt displacement detector and its displacement detector |
-
1982
- 1982-06-09 JP JP9907982A patent/JPS58218520A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58218520A (en) | 1983-12-19 |
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