JPS6154242A - Manufacture of silver catalyst for production of ethylene oxide - Google Patents

Manufacture of silver catalyst for production of ethylene oxide

Info

Publication number
JPS6154242A
JPS6154242A JP59173884A JP17388484A JPS6154242A JP S6154242 A JPS6154242 A JP S6154242A JP 59173884 A JP59173884 A JP 59173884A JP 17388484 A JP17388484 A JP 17388484A JP S6154242 A JPS6154242 A JP S6154242A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
silver
catalyst
heating
amine
propanediamine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP59173884A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0777615B2 (en
Inventor
Naohiro Nojiri
野尻 直弘
Yukio Sakai
幸雄 酒井
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co Ltd
Priority to JP59173884A priority Critical patent/JPH0777615B2/en
Priority to US06/767,831 priority patent/US4690913A/en
Priority to DE8585110458T priority patent/DE3582097D1/en
Priority to EP85110458A priority patent/EP0172565B1/en
Publication of JPS6154242A publication Critical patent/JPS6154242A/en
Priority to US07/017,686 priority patent/US4786624A/en
Publication of JPH0777615B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0777615B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled catalyst having high performance by using 1,3- propanediamine as amine of a complex forming agent. CONSTITUTION:A porous fire-resistant carrier is immersed into an aq. soln. contg. silver salt and amine as a complex forming agent and the immersed carrier is heated at the temp. wherein silver is formed and a silver catalyst suitable for using in the production of ethylene oxide is manufactured. In this case, 1,3-propanediamine or the mixture of 1,3-propanediamine and ethylenediamine is used as amine for the complex forming agent and the heating is performed by superheated steam.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (イ)産業上の利用分野 本発明は、エチレンを分子状面素により酸化してエチレ
ンオキシドを製造する方法に用いられる、銀触媒の新規
な製造方法に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a novel method for producing a silver catalyst used in a method for producing ethylene oxide by oxidizing ethylene with molecular surface elements.

(ロ)従来の技術 従来、上記反応に用いられる銀触媒のH4q製法として
アンモニアも含めたアミンにより銀塩を錯化した水性溶
液を多孔質耐火性担体に含浸し、?素などの不活性ガス
又は含酸素ガス(空気など)、ジなどの還元性ガスで加
熱して担体上に銀を析出 ′させる方法が知られている
。この場合、アミンを使用することにより低温で分解還
元される銀塩を均一な水性溶液とすることが出来、この
ため微細で均一な銀粒子を担体上に析出させることが可
能で、優秀な触媒を調製し得るとされている。例えば特
公昭55−22.146号公告公報には使用するアミン
としてa)2ないし4個の炭素原子を有するビシナルア
ルキレンジアミン、またl”j b) 2ないし4個の
炭素原子を有するビシナルアルキレンジアミンと、2な
いし4個の炭素原÷を有するビシナルアルカノールアミ
ンの混合物、またけc) 2ないし4個の炭素原子を有
するビシナルアルキレンジアミンとアンモニアの混合物
、またはd)2ないし4個の炭素原子を有するビシナル
アルカノールアミンとアンモニアの混合物を選び出し、
これらと銀塩との可溶性錯塩水溶液から担体上に銀を析
出≧せ触媒とするために100〜375℃において2〜
8時間の加熱処理を行なうことが必要であると記載され
ている。そして、銀塩としてシュウ酸銀、アミンとして
エチレンジアミンとエタノールアミンの組合せが最も好
ましいと述べられている。
(b) Prior Art Conventionally, as a H4q production method for the silver catalyst used in the above reaction, a porous refractory carrier is impregnated with an aqueous solution in which a silver salt is complexed with an amine including ammonia. A method is known in which silver is deposited on a carrier by heating with an inert gas such as hydrogen, an oxygen-containing gas (air, etc.), or a reducing gas such as dichloromethane. In this case, by using an amine, the silver salt that is decomposed and reduced at low temperatures can be made into a homogeneous aqueous solution, making it possible to deposit fine and uniform silver particles on the carrier, making it an excellent catalyst. It is said that it can be prepared. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-22.146 discloses that the amines used are a) vicinal alkylene diamines having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and b) vicinal alkylene diamines having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. mixtures of alkylene diamines and vicinal alkanolamines having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; c) mixtures of vicinal alkylene diamines having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and ammonia; or d) 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Select a mixture of vicinal alkanolamine and ammonia having carbon atoms of
In order to precipitate silver on a carrier from an aqueous solution of a soluble complex salt of these and a silver salt and use it as a catalyst,
It is stated that it is necessary to perform a heat treatment for 8 hours. It is also stated that the combination of silver oxalate as the silver salt and ethylenediamine and ethanolamine as the amine is most preferred.

(ハ)発明が解決しようとする問題点 しかしながら、本発明者らの追試結果によれば、水不溶
性のシュウ酸銀をエチレンジアミンに溶解する際にシュ
ウ酸銀粒子表面にシュウ酸銀とアミンにより水に溶解し
難い物質が形成され粒子全体の溶解が妨げられること、
生成した錯塩水溶液から結晶が析出し易く含浸が容易で
ないことが問題点として指摘できる。後者は液を加温す
ることにより解決できるが、加温は銀錯塩の分解を引起
すので注意を要する。
(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, according to the results of additional tests by the present inventors, when water-insoluble silver oxalate is dissolved in ethylenediamine, the surface of the silver oxalate particles is exposed to water due to silver oxalate and amine. formation of substances that are difficult to dissolve, preventing the dissolution of the entire particle;
A problem that can be pointed out is that crystals tend to precipitate from the aqueous complex salt solution produced, making impregnation difficult. The latter problem can be solved by heating the solution, but care must be taken since heating causes decomposition of the silver complex.

(、−)問題点を解決するための手段 を発明者等は含浸液調製上の前記の問題点を解決するた
めに錯体形成剤としてのアミン種について検討を行なっ
たところ、意外にもエチレンジアミンよりも錯化能が弱
いと予想される1、3−プロパンジアミンを使用すると
二手レンジアミンよりも錯化が容易になり、且つ錯体の
結晶が析出しないので、含浸液の調製及び含浸に特別な
操作を必要とせず、含浸操作が簡略化されることを見い
出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
(, -) Means for solving the problem In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in preparing the impregnating solution, the inventors investigated the amine type as a complex forming agent, and found that ethylenediamine When using 1,3-propanediamine, which is expected to have a weak complexing ability, complexation is easier than with two-handed diamine, and complex crystals do not precipitate, so special operations are required for preparation of the impregnating solution and impregnation. The present inventors have discovered that the impregnation operation can be simplified without the need for the following steps, and have completed the present invention.

即ち、本発明は、 (1)多孔質耐火性担体を、銀塩及びアミンを含有する
水性溶液で含浸し、次に含浸した担体を、銀が形成され
る温度に加熱することによる、エチレンオキシドの製造
に使用するのに適した銀触媒の製造方法において、アミ
ンとして1,3−プロパンジアミンを使用することを特
徴とする方法。
That is, the present invention provides the following steps: (1) The production of ethylene oxide by impregnating a porous refractory carrier with an aqueous solution containing a silver salt and an amine, and then heating the impregnated carrier to a temperature at which silver is formed. A method for producing silver catalysts suitable for use in their production, characterized in that 1,3-propanediamine is used as the amine.

(2)アミンとして1,3−プロパンジアミンとエチレ
ンジアミンの混合物を使用する特許請求の範囲第1項の
製造方法。
(2) The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein a mixture of 1,3-propanediamine and ethylenediamine is used as the amine.

(3)加熱を過熱スチームにより行なう特許請求の範囲
第1項および第2項の方法。
(3) The method according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the heating is performed using superheated steam.

(4)加熱を、150〜300℃の征気又は不活性ガス
により1〜30分行なう特許請求の範囲第1項および第
2項の方法。
(4) The method according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the heating is performed for 1 to 30 minutes using air or inert gas at 150 to 300°C.

(5)触媒が針の他にカチオン成分としてナトリウム及
びセンラムを、アニ″オン成分として沃素を除くハロゲ
ンを少くとも含有することを特徴とする特許請求の範囲
第1項の方法。
(5) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalyst contains, in addition to needles, sodium and senlum as cationic components and at least halogen other than iodine as anionic components.

(6)触媒がバリウムを含有すること分特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第寸項の触媒及び特許請求の範囲第1項の製
造方法である。
(6) The catalyst according to claim 1 and the manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalyst contains barium.

本発明で使用できる銀塩としては酸化銀、硝醇銀及び、
炭酸銀、シュウ酸銀、酢酸銀などのカルボン酸銀などが
あるが殊にカルボン酸銀カ好ましい。錯形成剤としての
アミンとしては、1.3−プロパンジアミンを凰独で使
用しても良いが、ピペリジン、ジメチルホルムアミド、
アニリンなどのアミン頷を少量加えても良い。エチレン
グリコール、プロピレンクリコールなどのグリコールρ
の添加は触媒の性能を悪化させるので好ましくない。
Silver salts that can be used in the present invention include silver oxide, silver nitrate,
Examples include silver carboxylates such as silver carbonate, silver oxalate, and silver acetate, and silver carboxylates are particularly preferred. As the amine as a complex forming agent, 1,3-propanediamine may be used alone, but piperidine, dimethylformamide,
You may also add a small amount of an amine such as aniline. Glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol
The addition of is not preferable because it deteriorates the performance of the catalyst.

エチレンジアミンと併用するのが最も好ましい。Most preferably used in combination with ethylenediamine.

逆VC脂肪族モノアミン例えばブチルアミンなどを添加
すると銀錯塩水溶液が不均一な濁りを生じるので併用す
るのは好ましくない。1.3−プロパノジアミンの使用
量は、銀1モルに対して1モル以上が必要であるが、経
済的な見地からして2モル以下が望ましい。エチレンジ
アミンと併用す6場合にけ両者合ぜて1モル以上、2モ
ル以下が好まなお、本発明において、錯化剤として1,
3−プロパンジアミンを用いると錯化が容易となり且つ
錯体の結晶が析出し雌くなる理由は明らかではないが、
エチレンジアミンが銀を含めた5負環錯体を形成するの
に対して、1.3−プロパンジアミンの場合にFi銀を
含めた6員環を形成することと関連があると、巴われる
When a reverse VC aliphatic monoamine such as butylamine is added, the silver complex salt aqueous solution becomes non-uniformly cloudy, so it is not preferable to use them together. The amount of 1,3-propanodiamine used must be 1 mole or more per 1 mole of silver, but from an economical standpoint, 2 moles or less is desirable. When used in combination with ethylenediamine, the combined amount of both is preferably 1 mol or more and 2 mol or less. In the present invention, 1,
Although it is not clear why complexation is facilitated when 3-propanediamine is used and the complex crystals precipitate and become female,
It is surprising that ethylenediamine forms a five-membered negative ring complex containing silver, whereas 1,3-propanediamine is associated with the formation of a six-membered ring containing Fi.

溶媒としては水が最も好ましいが、例えばメタノールな
どのアルカノールと併用すると良い結果を得る。
Water is most preferred as a solvent, but good results are obtained when used in combination with alkanols, such as methanol.

溶液中の銀濃度は、出来上った触媒上に銀が5〜20w
t%、特に8〜16 wt%担持されるように、担体の
吸水率から計算して選ばれるが、一般には1〜5oiJ
’[を用いるのが好ましい。
The silver concentration in the solution is 5 to 20 w silver on the finished catalyst.
t%, especially 8 to 16 wt%, is calculated from the water absorption of the carrier, but generally it is 1 to 5 oiJ.
It is preferable to use '[.

多孔質耐火性担体としてはα−アルミナ、炭化硅素、フ
グネシアなどがあるが、特に表面積0.1〜si/り、
細孔容積0.2〜0.5ml/9、平均細孔径が0.1
〜20μまでのα−アルミナ担体が好11、い。その形
状は球状、リング状、円筒状などで4〜15y+y+程
度の成形物である。
Examples of porous refractory carriers include α-alumina, silicon carbide, fugnesia, etc., but especially those with a surface area of 0.1 to si/
Pore volume 0.2-0.5ml/9, average pore diameter 0.1
α-alumina supports up to ~20μ are preferred. The shape is spherical, ring-shaped, cylindrical, etc., and the molded product has a size of about 4 to 15y+y+.

含浸液を多孔質耐火性担体に含浸する方法としては当業
者には公知の方法が採用でき、必要に応じ減圧、加温、
回転、噴9などの丘作、装置を使」オる・ 本発明は銀の他にカチオン成分としてナトリウム及びセ
シウムを、アニオン成分として沃素を除くハロゲンを少
なくとも含有する触媒の製造に利用することが好ましく
、更にこれ以外にバリウムを含有する触媒の製造に最も
適している。この場合、ナトバリウム化合物は炭酸す)
 バリウム又は重炭酸ナトリウムの形で加えることが好
ましい。もちろん水酸化物、硝酸塩、亜硝酸塩、カルボ
ン酸塩又はハロゲン化物などの形で加えても又はこれら
を炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸す) バリウムと併用しても
差支えない。セシウム化合物としてldI・ロゲン化物
が好プしいが、硝酸塩、亜硝酸塩、炭酸塩、硫酸塩など
の垣間、水酸化物などの形で加えることも出来る。バリ
ウム化合物としては硝酸塩が好ましいが、添加時に不溶
性化合物を止成しないならば、炭酸塩、水酸化物、カル
ボン酸塩、ハロゲン化物などの形で使用することも出来
る。ハロゲン源としては上記ナトリウム、セシウム、バ
リウムとの塩の形でも、他のリチウム、カリウム、ルビ
ジウム、アンモニウムなどの塩の形で加えてもよい、い
ずれにしても銀板外にナトリウム、セシウム、バリウム
及びハロゲンの添加が必要でこれらを組合せた場合に触
媒の性能が大巾に向上する。
As a method for impregnating the porous refractory carrier with the impregnating liquid, methods known to those skilled in the art can be adopted, and as necessary, reducing pressure, heating,
The present invention can be used to produce a catalyst containing at least sodium and cesium as cationic components and at least halogen other than iodine as anionic components in addition to silver. It is preferred and most suitable for producing catalysts containing barium. In this case, the natobarium compound is carbonated)
Preferably it is added in the form of barium or sodium bicarbonate. Of course, there is no problem in adding them in the form of hydroxides, nitrates, nitrites, carboxylates, or halides, or in combination with barium (sodium carbonate, bicarbonate, etc.). As the cesium compound, ldI/logenide is preferred, but it can also be added in the form of nitrates, nitrites, carbonates, sulfates, and hydroxides. Nitrate is preferred as the barium compound, but it can also be used in the form of carbonate, hydroxide, carboxylate, halide, etc., provided that insoluble compounds are not quenched upon addition. The halogen source may be added in the form of a salt with the above-mentioned sodium, cesium, barium, or other salts such as lithium, potassium, rubidium, ammonium, etc. In any case, sodium, cesium, barium, etc. It is necessary to add halogen and halogen, and when these are combined, the performance of the catalyst is greatly improved.

ナl−+1ウムの添加量は触媒に対して500 ppr
n(■/ Kq触媒)を越える分が好ましい。特に10
00 ppm以上1 vt%以下の範囲が好ましい。ナ
トリウムが多すぎると活性、選択性共に低下し、少なす
ぎる場合には本発明の触媒に比較して担体上のAg粒子
の分散が悪くなることが走立型電子顕微鏡観察で認めら
れ触媒活性が低く、かつノ・ロゲンを加えた効果が充分
に発現しない。
The amount of sodium added is 500 ppr to the catalyst.
It is preferable that the amount exceeds n(■/Kq catalyst). Especially 10
The range is preferably 00 ppm or more and 1 vt% or less. If the sodium content is too large, both the activity and selectivity will decrease, and if the sodium content is too small, the dispersion of Ag particles on the carrier will be worse compared to the catalyst of the present invention, which was observed by observation using a standing electron microscope. low, and the effect of adding norogen is not fully expressed.

セシウムの添加量はナトリウムよりも少ない範囲が好適
で、触媒(で対し10 ppm以上0.5wt係以下が
好ましく、より好ましぐば15 ppm以上、0.1w
t%以下である。多すぎると活性が顕著に低下し、少な
すぎる場合にはハロゲンの効果が十分に現われない。
The amount of cesium added is preferably smaller than that of sodium, preferably 10 ppm or more and 0.5 wt or less, more preferably 15 ppm or more and 0.1 wt, relative to the catalyst.
t% or less. If it is too large, the activity will be markedly reduced, and if it is too small, the effect of the halogen will not be sufficiently exhibited.

バリウムの添加8は1 o o pprnを越える量が
好ましく1wt係以下である。特に好ましくは200即
m以上、3000 ppm以下である。少なすぎるとそ
の効果がな(、多すぎると含浸液中に沈殿物を生じたυ
、含浸工程が接離になるなど実用画で問題がありかつ活
性が但くなる。
The addition of barium 8 is preferably in an amount exceeding 1 o pprn and less than 1 wt. Particularly preferably, it is 200 m or more and 3000 ppm or less. If it is too small, the effect will be poor (but if it is too large, a precipitate will be formed in the impregnation solution).
However, there are problems in practical painting, such as the impregnation process causing contact and separation, and the activity is limited.

ハロゲンの添加it−を触媒に対し5 pprn以上、
0.1xi%以下が好適であり、より好ましくは7 p
pm以上、0.07 wt%以下である。多く加えすぎ
ると毒作用を示し大巾な性能の低下を招く。
The addition of halogen to the catalyst is 5 pprn or more,
0.1 xi% or less is suitable, more preferably 7 p
pm or more and 0.07 wt% or less. If too much is added, it exhibits a toxic effect and results in a significant drop in performance.

ナトリウム、セシウム、バリウム及びハロゲンの担持は
前記した化合物を水性浴数に溶解し、上記担体に含浸し
たあとF素、臣気、過熱スチームなどにより又はその存
在丁卯熱乾【■することにより行なうのが一般的であり
、減圧gi?、 傾も勿論採用できる。ナトリウム、セ
シウム、バリウム及びハロゲンの担持は同時でも別々に
行なってもよく、かつ触媒′FAり4の任意の段階にお
いて種々の態様で行なうことが出来る。たとえば銀化合
物の含浸の前、同時又は後のいずれの時期のいずれを採
用しても差支えない。但し含浸液の均一性、触媒の性能
、工種の簡略化のために最も好ましいのけ、ナトリウム
成分を前含浸し、バリウム、セシウム及びハロゲンを銀
化合物と同時に含浸するものである。
Supporting of sodium, cesium, barium, and halogen is carried out by dissolving the above-mentioned compounds in an aqueous bath, impregnating the above-mentioned carrier, and then using fluorine, mineral gas, superheated steam, etc., or by drying the mixture with heat. is common, and reduced pressure gi? , Of course, the tilt can also be adopted. The loading of sodium, cesium, barium and halogen may be carried out simultaneously or separately, and may be carried out in various manners at any stage of the catalyst FA process. For example, it may be applied before, simultaneously with, or after impregnation with a silver compound. However, in view of the uniformity of the impregnating solution, the performance of the catalyst, and the simplification of the process, the most preferred method is to pre-impregnate the sodium component and impregnate barium, cesium, and halogen simultaneously with the silver compound.

上記態様により含浸した担体ば、直接、又は100℃以
下の温度で例えば流通空気中である程度水分を蒸発させ
た後、以下に述べる加熱方法で担体上に銀を析出させ触
媒とすることが好ましい。
It is preferable to precipitate silver on the carrier impregnated according to the above embodiment directly or after evaporating some moisture at a temperature of 100° C. or lower, for example in circulating air, by the heating method described below to form a catalyst.

勿論当業者には公知の方法を使用することも可能である
Of course, it is also possible to use methods known to those skilled in the art.

好ましい加熱方法の一つは過熱スチームによるものであ
る。使用する過熱スチームは触媒の工業的調製法におい
ては常圧付近の圧力を持つものが実用的であり、その温
度が120℃以上が好ましい。特に好ましくけ150〜
250℃である。加熱時間け1分〜4時間の程度が好ま
しく殊に実用的な見地及び触媒の性能の面から仁かい方
が望ましく通常3分〜15分穆度である。勿論加熱すぺ
き含浸担体の膏、スチームの温度及びその流速により最
低必要な時間が決定される。過熱スチームの流速は0.
3m/秒〜3?M/秒が触媒としての性能面および実用
的な見地から好適である。過熱スチ→による加熱の方式
として、含浸担体は固定床又は移動床の形で、単層又は
多層VC櫃まれ、上方又は下方、又は側方から過熱スチ
ームを流通できる。過熱スチームは層全体を均一な温度
で加熱できるので層間の銀分布の不均一性がなく、実用
的見地からは多層焼成が経済的である。過熱スチーム中
に窒素、空気などをある程度混入させることも可能であ
る。また出口スチーム中には銀塩の分解により生成する
アミン及び他の分解物が含まれぜδ蓄積を防止する為に
ある量のパージは必要であるが、基本的にはリサイクル
が可能であり経済的である。スチーム量と含浸担体量に
より異なるが例えば90チのリサイクルが可能である。
One preferred heating method is by superheated steam. The superheated steam to be used has a pressure close to normal pressure in practical methods of preparing catalysts, and the temperature thereof is preferably 120° C. or higher. Especially preferably 150~
The temperature is 250°C. The heating time is preferably from 1 minute to 4 hours, and from a practical point of view and the performance of the catalyst, a thicker one is more desirable, and the heating time is usually 3 minutes to 15 minutes. Of course, the minimum required time is determined by the temperature of the heated impregnated carrier, the temperature of the steam and its flow rate. The flow rate of superheated steam is 0.
3m/sec~3? M/sec is preferable from the performance and practical standpoints as a catalyst. For heating with superheated steam, the impregnated carrier is in the form of a fixed bed or a moving bed, in a single or multilayer VC vessel, and superheated steam can be passed through it from above or below or from the side. Since superheated steam can heat the entire layer at a uniform temperature, there is no non-uniform silver distribution between the layers, and multilayer firing is economical from a practical standpoint. It is also possible to mix a certain amount of nitrogen, air, etc. into the superheated steam. In addition, the outlet steam contains amines and other decomposed products produced by the decomposition of silver salts, and although a certain amount of purging is necessary to prevent δ accumulation, it is basically recyclable and economical. It is true. Although it varies depending on the amount of steam and the amount of impregnated carrier, it is possible to recycle, for example, 90 inches.

もう一つの好ましい加熱方法は、空気又は不活性ガスで
150〜300℃に1〜30分加熱するものである。実
際の加熱方式としては、含浸担体を固定床又は移動床の
形で単層又は多層に坑み、上方又は下方、又は側方から
加熱空気を流通する形式が一般的である。他のガスを混
入させることも比来るが、空気が最も経済的である。そ
の温度は150〜300℃で、担体自身の温度が200
℃以下であることが好ましく250℃以上に加熱される
ことは好ましぐない。より好ましい空気の温度は170
〜240℃である。加熱用空気の温度が250℃以上で
は、担体表面を急激に加熱中・るので水の突沸、銀化合
物の不均一分解が起りこのため界面に銀が集まり不均一
分布となり易い。
Another preferred heating method is heating with air or inert gas to 150-300°C for 1-30 minutes. As an actual heating method, the general method is to drill the impregnated carrier in a single layer or multiple layers in the form of a fixed bed or moving bed, and to flow heated air from above, below, or from the sides. Although it is possible to mix other gases, air is the most economical. The temperature is 150-300℃, and the temperature of the carrier itself is 200℃.
The temperature is preferably below 250°C, and heating above 250°C is not preferable. The more preferable air temperature is 170
~240°C. When the temperature of the heating air is 250° C. or higher, the surface of the carrier is rapidly heated, causing bumping of water and non-uniform decomposition of the silver compound, which tends to cause silver to collect at the interface, resulting in non-uniform distribution.

加熱時間は1〜30分で、殊K 2.50℃以上では2
0分以下である。勿論加熱すべき含浸担体の二、空気の
温度及びその流速により最低必要な時間が決定される。
The heating time is 1 to 30 minutes, especially at K 2.50℃ or higher.
It is less than 0 minutes. Of course, the minimum time required is determined by the temperature of the impregnated carrier to be heated, the temperature of the air and its flow rate.

流速けo、xm/秒〜3m/秒が実用的な見地から好適
である。空気自体が加熱置体でない、例えば外部ヒータ
ー加熱の場合には、銀−アミン錯塩の分解ガスを系外に
排出するだけの空気波速か必要である。分解ガスの蓄積
を防止する為にある号のパージが必要であるが、基本的
1cI−tリサイクルが可能である。空気流量と含浸担
体量により異なるが例えば90チのリサイクルが可能で
ある。
From a practical standpoint, a flow rate of 0,xm/sec to 3m/sec is preferred. In the case where the air itself is not a heating element, for example, in the case of heating with an external heater, the air wave velocity must be high enough to discharge the decomposed gas of the silver-amine complex out of the system. Basic 1cI-t recycling is possible, although some purging is required to prevent the accumulation of cracked gases. Although it varies depending on the air flow rate and the amount of impregnated carrier, it is possible to recycle, for example, 90 inches.

本発明の触媒を用いてエチレンをエチレンオキシドに転
換する反応は慣用操作法で実施できる。
The reaction of converting ethylene to ethylene oxide using the catalyst of the present invention can be carried out using conventional procedures.

例えば圧力は1〜35Kp、/erl、 aihx 8
0〜300℃、好ましくけ200〜260℃である。
For example, the pressure is 1-35Kp, /erl, aihx 8
The temperature is 0 to 300°C, preferably 200 to 260°C.

エチレンは1〜40Vo1%、酸素は1〜ZOVolチ
で一般に希釈剤例えばメタンを一定割合例えば20〜7
0 Volチで存在させることが好ましい。
Ethylene is 1 to 40 Vol 1%, oxygen is 1 to ZOV 1%, and a diluent such as methane is generally added in a certain proportion, for example 20 to 7
Preferably, it is present at 0 Vol.

酵素は空気の形態でまたは工業用酸素として供給してよ
い。反応改質剤として例えば塩化ビニルまたば2塩化工
千レンを加えることにより触媒中にホットスポットの形
成が防止できかつ触媒の性能殊に選択性を大巾に改善で
きる。添加量としては数ppm〜数10 ppm程度が
好ましい。
The enzyme may be supplied in the form of air or as industrial oxygen. By adding, for example, vinyl chloride or dichloride as a reaction modifier, the formation of hot spots in the catalyst can be prevented and the performance, particularly the selectivity, of the catalyst can be greatly improved. The amount added is preferably about several ppm to several tens of ppm.

(ホ)発明の効果 多孔質耐火性担体を、銀塩及び7ミンを含有する水性溶
液で含浸し、次いで含浸した担体を加熱することにより
、gが担持てれた、エチレンオキシト製造用の銀触媒を
製造する方法において、錯化剤として1.3−プロパン
ジアミンを使用することにより錯化が容易になり、且り
錯体の結晶が析出しないので含浸操作が簡略化され、更
に含浸時の均一性が向上して良好な触媒を得ることが出
来る。
(e) Effects of the invention A porous refractory carrier is impregnated with an aqueous solution containing silver salt and 7min, and then the impregnated carrier is heated, thereby supporting g. In the method for producing a silver catalyst, the use of 1,3-propanediamine as a complexing agent facilitates complexing, and since complex crystals do not precipitate, the impregnation operation is simplified. Uniformity is improved and a good catalyst can be obtained.

特にこの加熱方法においては1,3−プロパンジアミン
とエチレンジアミンの混合物を使用すると最も良い結果
が得られる。含浸時にエチレンジアミン単独に見出され
た欠点がなく取扱いが容易になるだけでなく調製した触
媒が、各単独使用の場合に比して活性が向上する。これ
は均一なアミンの混合錯体を用いて銀が微細に分散する
焼成法を採用するために、銀及び他の成分の触媒粒子内
分布が微細で非常に均一化する為と推定される。
Particularly in this heating method, the best results are obtained when a mixture of 1,3-propanediamine and ethylenediamine is used. Not only is it easier to handle during impregnation without the drawbacks found with ethylene diamine alone, but the prepared catalyst has improved activity compared to when each is used alone. This is presumed to be because a firing method in which silver is finely dispersed using a homogeneous mixed amine complex results in a fine and very uniform distribution of silver and other components within the catalyst particles.

殊にこの方法を、銀の他にカチオン成分としてナトリウ
ム及びセシウムを、アニオン成分として沃素を除くハロ
ゲンを少くとも含有している触媒、さらに上記以外にバ
リウムを含有している触媒に適用した場合に最も効果が
著しい。さらに含浸後の加熱により銀を担体上に析出づ
せる方法として、120−300℃の過熱スチーム、又
1i150−300℃の空気又は不活性ガスを短時間流
通させる方法が好ましく、これにより触媒粒子内VC銀
が微細に分散した高活性な触媒を損ることが出来る。
In particular, when this method is applied to a catalyst containing, in addition to silver, sodium and cesium as cation components and at least a halogen other than iodine as an anion component, and a catalyst containing barium in addition to the above. The most significant effect. Further, as a method for precipitating silver on the carrier by heating after impregnation, it is preferable to use superheated steam at 120-300°C, or a method in which air or inert gas at 150-300°C is passed for a short time. VC silver can damage finely dispersed highly active catalysts.

(へ)実施例 実施例! NazCOj  26.9 fを水1000m/に溶解
し、α−アルミナ担体(aox3cffxsのリング状
。表面fi0.5r#/P、細孔容積o、4mt7y 
) 1o o 。
(to) Examples Examples! NazCOj 26.9 f was dissolved in 1000 m/ of water, and a ring-shaped α-alumina support (aox3cffxs) was prepared.Surface fi0.5r#/P, pore volume o, 4mt7y
) 1o o.

りを浸漬した。余分の液を切った後140℃の過熱スチ
ームで15分乾燥した。
The water was soaked. After draining off the excess liquid, it was dried with superheated steam at 140°C for 15 minutes.

一方、AgN0a 2.489と修酸カリ’) ム(K
2C2O4・FhO) 148 S’を各&1000m
/の水に溶解した後混合し水溶液60℃に加熱して修酸
銀の白色沈殿を得た。濾過後蒸留水により沈殿を洗浄し
て沈殿物中のカリウムを除いた。別に1,3−プロパン
ジアミン21.72とエチレンジアミン79.19を水
に溶解して水溶液200m/を調製し、氷冷しながら上
記修醪銀沈殿に少量ずつ添加して銀−アミン溶液を調製
した。これに硝酸バリウム1.49り、塩化セシウム0
.2.34 Fを加えた水溶液40m1を加えた後ロー
タリーエバポレーター中に移し、NazCOa  を含
浸後乾燥した前記の担体を加えて回転下50℃にて含浸
操作を実施した。初期に減圧し常圧に戻して5分後に取
出し、2.0OT:のi4熱スチームにて10分間、2
m/秒の流速で加熱し、触媒を調製した。紹の担持率は
13.5wt%であり、Na、Ba%Cs及びαの担持
管はそれぞれ0.4wt%、  670 ppm、 1
58 ppm及び42 ppmであった。
On the other hand, AgN0a 2.489 and potassium oxalate (K)
2C2O4・FhO) 148 S' each &1000m
/ of water, mixed, and heated to 60° C. to obtain a white precipitate of silver oxalate. After filtration, the precipitate was washed with distilled water to remove potassium in the precipitate. Separately, 21.72 ml of 1,3-propanediamine and 79.19 ml of ethylenediamine were dissolved in water to prepare an aqueous solution of 200 mL, and the solution was added little by little to the cured silver precipitate while cooling on ice to prepare a silver-amine solution. . This contains 1.49 barium nitrate and 0 cesium chloride.
.. After adding 40 ml of an aqueous solution containing 2.34 F, the mixture was transferred to a rotary evaporator, and the above-mentioned carrier, which had been impregnated with NazCOa and dried, was added thereto, and an impregnation operation was performed at 50° C. under rotation. Depressurize initially, return to normal pressure, take out after 5 minutes, and heat with 2.0OT: i4 hot steam for 10 minutes.
The catalyst was prepared by heating at a flow rate of m/s. The loading rate of Shao is 13.5 wt%, and the loading rate of Na, Ba%, Cs and α is 0.4 wt%, 670 ppm, 1, respectively.
They were 58 ppm and 42 ppm.

上記触媒を4〜9メツシユに砕き5mlを内径20闘の
鋼製反応管に充填し反応ガス(エチレン3゜Vo1%、
酸R8Vo1%、塩化ビニル2. ppm、残り窒素)
を18Ky/crlGの加圧下5V4000h″で通過
させた。通過開始直後に活性が発現する。
The above catalyst was crushed into 4 to 9 meshes and 5 ml was filled into a steel reaction tube with an inner diameter of 20 mm, and the reaction gas (ethylene 3° Vo1%,
Acid R8 Vo1%, vinyl chloride 2. ppm, remaining nitrogen)
was passed under a pressure of 18 Ky/crlG at 5V for 4000 h. Immediately after the start of the passage, activity was expressed.

浴温212℃で1週間反応後酸素転化率4oチ、エチレ
ンオキシドの選択率81.7 %を得−fc6反応後の
触媒のBET表面積はo、84m’/りであった。
After one week of reaction at a bath temperature of 212 DEG C., an oxygen conversion rate of 40.degree. and an ethylene oxide selectivity of 81.7% were obtained.The BET surface area of the catalyst after the -fc6 reaction was 0.84 m'/liter.

1.5ケ月の連続運転中に酸素転化率40%を保持する
ために浴温を2℃上昇させたが、選択率には変化は無か
った。
During 1.5 months of continuous operation, the bath temperature was increased by 2°C to maintain an oxygen conversion rate of 40%, but there was no change in selectivity.

実施例2〜9 組成、調製法、アミン種、量などを変えた触媒を、実施
例1と同様な方法で作り反面を行わせた。
Examples 2 to 9 Catalysts with different compositions, preparation methods, amine species, amounts, etc. were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the reverse reaction was carried out.

その結果を第1表に示す6表中PDA、EDAI−tそ
れぞれ1,3−プロパンジアミン及びエチレンジアミン
を表わす。
The results are shown in Table 1. In Table 6, PDA and EDAI-t represent 1,3-propanediamine and ethylenediamine, respectively.

比軸例1〜2 1.3−プロパンジアミン以外にエチレングリフール、
プロピレングリコールを含浸液に添加して、実施例1と
同様な方法で第1表に示す触媒を調製した。反応の結果
も併せてm1表【で示す。表中EC,PGはそれぞれエ
チレングリコール、プロピレングリフールを表わす。
Ratio examples 1 to 2 1. In addition to 3-propanediamine, ethylene glyfur,
The catalysts shown in Table 1 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 by adding propylene glycol to the impregnating solution. The reaction results are also shown in table m1. In the table, EC and PG represent ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, respectively.

比較例3 1.3−プロパンジアミンの代りに、エチレンジアミン
とモノエタノールアミンを錯化剤として、実施例2と同
様な方法で第1表に示す触媒を設製した。反応の結果も
g1表に示す。
Comparative Example 3 The catalysts shown in Table 1 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, using ethylenediamine and monoethanolamine as complexing agents instead of 1,3-propanediamine. The results of the reaction are also shown in Table g1.

Claims (6)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)多孔質耐火性担体を、銀塩及び錯体形成剤として
のアミンを含有する水性溶液で含浸し、次に含浸した担
体を、銀が形成される温度に加熱することによる、エチ
レンオキシドの製造に使用するのに適した銀触媒の製造
方法において、錯体形成剤としてのアミンとして1,3
−プロパンジアミンを使用することを特徴とする方法。
(1) Production of ethylene oxide by impregnating a porous refractory support with an aqueous solution containing a silver salt and an amine as a complexing agent and then heating the impregnated support to a temperature at which silver is formed. In a method for producing a silver catalyst suitable for use in
- A method characterized in that propanediamine is used.
(2)錯体形成剤としてのアミンとして1,3−プロパ
ンジアミンとエチレンジアミンの混合物を使用する特許
請求の範囲第1項の製造方法。
(2) The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein a mixture of 1,3-propanediamine and ethylenediamine is used as the amine as a complex forming agent.
(3)加熱を過熱スチームにより行なう特許請求の範囲
第1項および第2項の方法。
(3) The method according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the heating is performed using superheated steam.
(4)加熱を、150〜300℃の空気又は不活性ガス
により1〜30分行なう特許請求の範囲第1項および第
2項の方法。
(4) The method according to claims 1 and 2, wherein heating is performed with air or inert gas at 150 to 300°C for 1 to 30 minutes.
(5)触媒が銀の他にカチオン成分としてナトリウム及
びセシウムを、アニオン成分として沃素を除くハロゲン
を少くとも含有することを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
1項の方法。
(5) The method according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst contains, in addition to silver, sodium and cesium as cationic components and at least a halogen other than iodine as anionic components.
(6)触媒がバリウムを含有することを特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第5項の触媒及び特許請求の範囲第1項の製
造方法。
(6) The catalyst according to claim 5 and the manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalyst contains barium.
JP59173884A 1984-08-21 1984-08-21 Method for producing silver catalyst for ethylene oxide production Expired - Lifetime JPH0777615B2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59173884A JPH0777615B2 (en) 1984-08-21 1984-08-21 Method for producing silver catalyst for ethylene oxide production
US06/767,831 US4690913A (en) 1984-08-21 1985-08-20 Silver catalyst for production of ethylene oxide from ethylene and process for producing the catalyst
DE8585110458T DE3582097D1 (en) 1984-08-21 1985-08-20 SILVER CATALYST FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE OXIDE FROM ETHYLENE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF.
EP85110458A EP0172565B1 (en) 1984-08-21 1985-08-20 Silver catalyst for production of ethylene oxide from ethylene, and process for production thereof
US07/017,686 US4786624A (en) 1984-08-21 1987-02-24 Silver catalyst for production of ethylene oxide from ethylene

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59173884A JPH0777615B2 (en) 1984-08-21 1984-08-21 Method for producing silver catalyst for ethylene oxide production

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6154242A true JPS6154242A (en) 1986-03-18
JPH0777615B2 JPH0777615B2 (en) 1995-08-23

Family

ID=15968896

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59173884A Expired - Lifetime JPH0777615B2 (en) 1984-08-21 1984-08-21 Method for producing silver catalyst for ethylene oxide production

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0777615B2 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57209639A (en) * 1981-06-22 1982-12-23 Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc Preparation of silver catalyst

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57209639A (en) * 1981-06-22 1982-12-23 Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc Preparation of silver catalyst

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Publication number Publication date
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