JPS61502654A - How to grow ``dwarf'' plants and flower pots for this purpose - Google Patents

How to grow ``dwarf'' plants and flower pots for this purpose

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Publication number
JPS61502654A
JPS61502654A JP60503188A JP50318885A JPS61502654A JP S61502654 A JPS61502654 A JP S61502654A JP 60503188 A JP60503188 A JP 60503188A JP 50318885 A JP50318885 A JP 50318885A JP S61502654 A JPS61502654 A JP S61502654A
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Prior art keywords
blind
pot
plants
wall
flower pot
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レンケ,ミカエル
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フオラグ・アクツイエン ゲゼルシヤフト
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029Receptacles for seedlings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/60Flowers; Ornamental plants
    • A01G22/67Dwarf trees, e.g. bonsai

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。 (57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 層性植物の育成法及びこのための植木鉢本発明は請求の範囲第1項の上位概念に 記載の層性植物の育成法、及び請求の範囲第4項の上位概念に記載のこのだめの 植木鉢に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] A method for growing layered plants and a flower pot for the same The present invention is defined by the generic concept of claim 1. The method for growing a layered plant as described above, and the layered plant described in the generic concept of claim 4. Regarding flower pots.

例えばすメチンを、容量がたいてい僅か50α3又は更にそれよシ小さい鉢に植 栽することは公知である。この種のミニサ♂テンは、鉢の容量が小さいため極め て緩慢にしか成長しないから、狭い部屋でも多数の成性サボテンを置くことが可 能である。しかしこの場合、根が鉢を一杯にしてしまうと「輪を作)」始め。For example, sumetine is planted in pots that often have a capacity of only 50α3 or even smaller. It is known to cultivate. This type of mini satin is extremely popular due to its small pot capacity. Because they only grow slowly, it is possible to have many adult cacti in a small room. It is Noh. However, in this case, when the roots fill the pot, they begin to "crop".

すなわち鉢の内面に沿って輪状に成長するという問題が起こる。この場合、根は 栄養吸収のためのひげ根をもはやtlとんで形成しないため、植物が遅かれ早か れ活力を失い始めるという点で、このいわゆる根の輪は有害である。この問題の 解決を図るために、植物を大きな鉢に移植して、根に十分な場所と栄養基質を与 えるt’tかはない。それによって根の輪は差当り終わフ、根は再び外へ向かっ て栄養基質の新しい領域へ成長することができる。In other words, the problem arises that they grow in a ring shape along the inner surface of the pot. In this case, the root is Sooner or later the plant will no longer form roots for nutrient absorption. This so-called root ring is harmful in that it begins to lose its vitality. of this problem The solution is to transplant the plant into a larger pot to give the roots enough space and nutrient substrate. There's no way it can be done. This ends the root ring for the time being and the roots move outward again. can grow into new areas of nutrient substrate.

ところが今や再び根に十分な量の栄養基質が与えられるので、鉢替えの後に植物 に急成長が起こるのが普通である。このため成長した根はしばらくすると再び輪 を作り始め、新たな鉢替えが必要である。こうして必要な鉢寸法が時のたつにつ れて次第に増大し、従って植物を健康に維持しようとすると、植物の成長がます ます大きくなる。このようにして植物、例えばサボテンを極めて小屋の鉢に植え ることによって正常な成長を遅らせることができるに過ぎず、真の永久的透化は この方法で達成できないのである。Now, however, the roots are once again provided with sufficient nutrient substrate, so that after repotting the plant It is normal for rapid growth to occur. For this reason, the roots that have grown will recirculate after a while. It is necessary to start making new pots. In this way, the required pot size will change over time. The growth of the plant increases as it gradually increases in size and therefore tries to keep the plant healthy. It gets bigger and bigger. In this way you can plant plants, for example cacti, in pots in the shed. True permanent clearing can only delay normal growth by This cannot be achieved using this method.

鉢の内側に厚さ約1−10mの開放気孔形軟質フオームの層を張れば、植物の栽 培の際に根の輪を成る期間の間、効果的に防止できることが***特許出願公告第 2434538号によシ公知である。Plants can be grown by placing a layer of open-pore soft foam approximately 1-10m thick inside the pot. The West German Patent Application Publication No. It is known from No. 2434538.

根はこの軟質フオーム層に到達すると輪を作らずに差当シ成長を停止し、根の団 塊の内部に新しい活性ある根が形成されるという。このため植物の茎や葉が極め て急速に成長し、すこぶる小さな発芽点間隔が現れ、普通の鉢で栽培した場合よ フ25ないし30日早く植物の開花が始まるとのことである。りまシ植物は、上 記特許出願公告の第1図と第2図を比較すれば判るように、普通の鉢の場合よフ 差当り小さいのである。When the roots reach this soft foam layer, they stop growing for the time being without forming a ring, and the roots form a cluster. New active roots are said to form inside the clump. For this reason, the stems and leaves of plants are extremely It grows rapidly and has much smaller germination point spacing than when grown in regular pots. It is said that the plants will start flowering 25 to 30 days earlier. Rimasi plant is on top As you can see by comparing Figures 1 and 2 of the patent application publication, the pot is more flexible than a regular pot. For now, it's small.

しかし真正の壕化はこの場合も得られず、また目標でもない。But true moatification is neither attainable nor the goal in this case.

これに対してアジアで開発された盆栽法によれば、永久的矯化が可能である。こ の場合も植物の栽培に極めて小さな植物容器が使用されると共に、植物に少量の 栄養物が与えられろうこの場合も当然現れる、鉢の壁面に沿った根の輪を抑制す るために、根の団塊を定期的に切フ縮めなければならない。それは多大の時間の 消費と専門知識を必要とする。On the other hand, according to the bonsai method developed in Asia, permanent straightening is possible. child In this case, extremely small plant containers are used to grow the plants, and the plants are exposed to small amounts of water. This will suppress the ring of roots along the wall of the pot, which naturally appears when nutrients are provided. The root nodules must be trimmed regularly to keep them from growing. it takes a lot of time Requires consumption and expertise.

最後に、極めて小さな容器で栽培する時に、根の買主は少くとも実質的に阻止す るが、栄養物の通過は許すように小さく設定した開口を鉢の壁面が具備すること によって、根の輪すなわち十分に多くの新たな細根を形成しない、接線方向の持 続的成長を抑制する、植物の大きさの成長の制限法がオーストIJア特許出願公 告第350831号により公知である。容器の肉厚は好ましくは開口の内法の最 大4倍とのことであシ、この場合、容器を栄養基質で取囲まなければならない。Finally, root buyers are at least substantially deterred when grown in very small containers. However, the wall of the pot should have a small opening to allow nutrients to pass through. tangential retention that does not form a root ring, i.e., not enough new rootlets. A method for limiting plant size growth that suppresses continuous growth has been published as a patent application by Aust IJA. It is known from Publication No. 350831. The wall thickness of the container is preferably the maximum inner diameter of the opening. In this case, the container must be surrounded by a nutrient substrate.

そして植物は所望の大きさに成長するために必要な栄養物の少くとも一部を周囲 の栄養基質から小さなひげ根を介して取り入れるが、多孔質の植物容器自体はも ちろん所望の大きさに成長するのに必要なものより小さな寸法でなければならな い。ところが根の貫生を実質的に阻止する開口の大きさは、根の輪を阻止するに は小さすぎ、このため根は密閉面に沿った場合のように輪を作ることが判明した 。and the plant receives at least some of the nutrients it needs to grow to its desired size. from the nutrient substrate of the plant through small root roots, but also from the porous plant container itself. Of course, it must be smaller than what is needed to grow to the desired size. stomach. However, the size of the opening that effectively prevents root penetration is not large enough to prevent root rings. was found to be too small, so that the roots form rings as they would along a closed surface. .

更にこの方法は、七ζで得ようと努める作用原理が、直径0.1ないし0.3  mの開口が詰まらないことに依存するという欠点を有する。従って容器の不断の 点検と場合によっては清掃又は変換が必要である。また材料に対して高い要求が 課せられる。さもなければ容器は根の不可避的な成長によって早期に破裂し、そ れと共に植物に対する成長抑制効果が失われるからである。それ故、容器は耐食 性材料から成り、好ましくはステンレス鋼のネットで壁体の厚さ約0.1圏に作 製するという。この種の材料は高価でちゃ、状況によっては入手しにくい。Furthermore, in this method, the principle of action that is sought to be obtained with seven ζ is It has the disadvantage that it depends on the opening of m not being clogged. Therefore container perennial Inspection and possibly cleaning or conversion is required. There are also high demands on materials. imposed. Otherwise the container will burst prematurely due to the inevitable growth of roots and its This is because along with this, the growth-inhibiting effect on plants is lost. Therefore, the container is corrosion resistant made of stainless steel material, preferably stainless steel, to a wall thickness of approximately 0.1 mm. It is said that it will be manufactured. This type of material is expensive and difficult to obtain in some situations.

本発明の根底におるのは、先行技術に基づく方法に付随する一切の欠点を甘受す ることなく、永久的媒化植物を得るという課題である。The basis of the invention is to accept all the drawbacks associated with methods based on the prior art. The challenge is to obtain permanent pollinator plants without the need for pollutants.

この課題の解決策の基礎となすのは、正常な成長のために必要なものより内室を 小さく選定しなければならない植木鉢の、根の団塊を取囲む壁体が、おおむね外 向きく走る、小さな幅の少くとも1個の盲通路を装備し、その中に根が成長して 行くことができるが、根が逆行して成長することは不可能であるように、その幅 と長さが定められるならば、植木鉢に慣用の材料、例えば焼成粘土の鉢の中で根 の輪を効果的に防止することができるという意外な知見である。全栄養基質を鉢 の内室に収納しなければならないから、先行技術と異なり根の成長のために利用 可能な室の容積が、植物の大きさ又は倭化の程度を決定する。The basis of the solution to this problem is to increase the internal chambers beyond what is necessary for normal growth. The wall surrounding the root mass of the flowerpot, which must be chosen small, is generally Equipped with at least one blind passage of small width running in the opposite direction, into which the roots can grow. its width so that it can go but it is impossible for the roots to grow backwards If the length is determined, the roots can be placed in a pot made of a material customary for potting, e.g. fired clay. This is an unexpected finding that it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of a ring. Pot full nutrient substrate Unlike the prior art, it is used for root growth because it has to be stored in the inner chamber of the The available chamber volume determines the size of the plant or the degree of burrowing.

そこで本発明の主題は、若い植物又は場合によってはその種子、球根、発根した 挿木、取り木等を、完全な成長のためには過小な体積の基質を納め、気体交換を 許す壁体を備えた植木鉢に植え込む成性植物の育成方法において、植木鉢の植込 み八が少くとも1個の、おおむね外向きに走り、少くとも近似的に平行の呼吸活 性壁を具備する盲通路と連通し、根が中に成長して行くことは可能だが、盲通路 の内法幅が栽培される植物の精々太い根の直径に相当し、その長さが内法幅の2 倍以上であるように、盲通路の内法幅を定めることを特徴とする方法である。The subject of the invention is therefore a young plant or, as the case may be, its seeds, bulbs, rooted plants. Cuttings, cuttings, etc. should be placed in a substrate that is too small for full growth, allowing for gas exchange. In a method for growing adult plants that are planted in flowerpots with walls that allow for At least one, generally outward running, at least approximately parallel respiratory movement Although it is possible for roots to grow into a blind passageway that has a sexual wall, the blind passageway The internal width of the plant corresponds to the diameter of the thickest root of the cultivated plant, and its length is 2 times the internal width. This method is characterized by determining the inner width of the blind passage so that it is at least twice the width of the blind passage.

根の輪を効果的に防止するには、もちろん盲通路の寸法が重要である。盲通路の 内法幅は少くとも細いひげ根だけでなく、根の遅生全体が中に成長して行くこと ができるように定めなければならない。他方では内法幅を余りに大きく選定して もならない。なぜなら本発明に基づく効果は、根が盲端に到達した時(、盲通路 の幅が小さいため逆行を妨げられ、又は成長が増すことによって太くなる根が通 路の入口をふさぐことに基づくからである。Of course, the dimensions of the blind channel are important to effectively prevent root rings. blind passage The internal width should be such that at least the entire slow growth of the roots grows inward, not just the thin roots. must be established in such a way that it can be done. On the other hand, if the internal width is chosen too large, Not even. This is because the effect based on the present invention is achieved when the root reaches the blind end (, the blind passage The width of the root is small, which prevents retrograde movement, or the root, which becomes thicker due to increased growth, is unable to pass through. This is because it is based on blocking the entrance to the road.

従って本発明に基づく盲通路の内法幅は、栽培される植物の太い根の直径を大幅 に超えてはならず、栽培される植物の種類に適応させることになる。Therefore, the inner width of the blind passage according to the present invention greatly increases the diameter of the thick roots of the cultivated plants. should not be exceeded and should be adapted to the type of plant being grown.

一般にこの内法幅は少くとも10分の数ミリメートルないし数ミリメートル、例 えば5ないし7ミリメードルであればよいと考えられる。Generally, this internal width is at least several tenths of a millimeter to several millimeters, e.g. For example, 5 to 7 millimeters would be sufficient.

また本発明方法が成功するために、盲通路の長さ又は奥行と内法幅との所定の最 小比を守ることが重要である。この比は3ないし6であることが好ましい。In addition, in order for the method of the present invention to be successful, a predetermined maximum of the length or depth of the blind passage and the inner width must be set. It is important to protect the small ratio. Preferably, this ratio is between 3 and 6.

比が2ないし3の場合は既に逆行が起こらないことがかなシ確実になるけれども 、多くの植物の場合、条件が有利であれば、盲通路の中に成長した根の逆行が必 ずしも不可能でないのである。6を超える比は不利な効果がないにしても、その 結果、植木鉢全体の形状が扱いにぐいものになることを留意しなければならない 。If the ratio is 2 or 3, it is already certain that retrograde will not occur. For many plants, if conditions are favorable, retrograde movement of roots grown into blind passages is necessary. It is certainly not impossible. Ratios greater than 6 may have no adverse effects, but As a result, it must be kept in mind that the overall shape of the flowerpot becomes difficult to handle. .

実除には4ないし5の比が、問題になるたいていの植物で特に有効であることが 証明された。For fruit control, a ratio of 4 to 5 has been found to be particularly effective for most problem plants. Proven.

複数個の盲通路を設ける場合は、これを対称に配列することが望ましい。1通路 の数の選択も、栽培される植物次第であシ、また成る程度まで植物の所望の大き さにかかっている。なぜなら盲通路の容積は植込み穴の容積と共に植物の大きさ を決定するからである。When providing multiple blind passages, it is desirable to arrange them symmetrically. 1 aisle The choice of the number of plants also depends on the plants being grown and the desired size of the plants It depends on the situation. This is because the volume of the blind passage is the volume of the planting hole as well as the size of the plant. This is because it determines.

n通路は植込み穴からたいてい半径方向外側に伸張し、多くは補助的にだが、軸 方向下側へ伸張してもよい。The n-channels usually extend radially outward from the implant hole, often in an auxiliary but axial It may also extend downward.

植物が植込み穴に植込まれると、七の根は半径方向外側へ成長し、やがて植込み 穴の壁面に到達する。When the plant is inserted into the planting hole, the seven roots grow radially outward until the plant is planted in the planting hole. Reach the wall of the hole.

そこで短い周回成長運動が行われた後、根は直ちに盲通路のいずれか1つの開口 部に到達し、今度は半径方向外向きの成長を継続し、また盲通路が底部区域にも 伸張する場合は、根が軸方向下側へも成長する。さて根の成長が通路の末端に到 達すれば、根はもはや逆行して成長することができない。なぜなら根の先端が1 通路の末端に達した時、盲通路の長さ及び奥行と内法の所定の比例より根が植込 み穴の通路開口部を既にほとんどふさいでいるからである。こうして単数個又は 複数個の盲通路の中に成長した網状体のすべての根が単数個又は複数個の通路の 末端に到達した時点で、植物の根の網状体の膨張が終わる。成長を停止した根は 輪を作ることができず、その後の過程で今度は極めて細いひけ根を形成する。こ のひけ根は盲通路を事実上完全に充填し、材料が多孔質であるため盲通路内にも 酸素と好ましくは水も十分に供給される。こうして制止された根の成長は永久的 矯化をもたらし、その結果。After a short circular growth movement, the roots immediately open one of the blind passages. reaches the bottom area and continues to grow radially outward this time, with blind passages also reaching the bottom area. When elongating, roots also grow downward in the axial direction. Now the root growth has reached the end of the passage. Once reached, the roots can no longer grow retrogradely. Because the tip of the root is 1 When the end of the passage is reached, the roots are implanted according to the predetermined proportions of the length and depth of the blind passage and the inner diameter. This is because the passage opening of the hole is already almost completely blocked. Thus singular or All roots of the reticulum that have grown into multiple blind channels are Once the end is reached, the expansion of the plant's root network ends. Roots that have stopped growing It is unable to form a ring, and in the subsequent process it forms an extremely thin root. child The roots fill the blind passage virtually completely, and the porous nature of the material also allows it to fill the blind passage. Oxygen and preferably water are also provided in sufficient quantities. Root growth inhibited in this way is permanent. resulting in correction.

在来の盆栽法で得られるものと区別できない植物が生じる。This results in plants that are indistinguishable from those obtained with traditional bonsai methods.

前述のように、植込み穴と単数個又は複数個の盲通路を取囲む壁体は、壁体に接 するがその中に侵入できない根に最適の通気を保証するために、気体交換を可能 にしなければならない。本発明方法の変法によれば、水と場合によってはその中 に溶けた栄養物が透過し得るように、焼成粘土、軽石又は類似の材料から成る壁 体材料の多孔性を選定する。それによって植木鉢の周壁を貫通して水及び場合に よっては栄養物を植物に補給することが可能になる。As mentioned above, the wall surrounding the implantation hole and the blind passage or passages is connected to the wall. Allows gas exchange to ensure optimal aeration to the roots that cannot penetrate into it must be done. According to a variant of the process according to the invention, water and optionally Walls made of calcined clay, pumice or similar materials so that dissolved nutrients can pass through. Select the porosity of the body material. This allows water to penetrate the peripheral wall of the flowerpot and This makes it possible to supply nutrients to plants.

ところが植木鉢の壁体を貫いて外部から栄養物を供給することは、問題を呈する ことが判明した。すなわち植木鉢の壁体を貫く栄養物補給は当該の材料の著しく 開放気孔形のコンシスチンシーを前提とし、そのことは使用材料の有用性を制限 する結果となυ、例えば気孔の閉塞による故障の原因となることがある。また特 に外向き壁体厚さが周囲よシ小さい盲通路の部位の底部側へ慶先的栄養物wJ給 が起こるので、そこでは肥料過多と場合によっては細いひげ根の焼けが生じる恐 れがある。However, supplying nutrients from the outside by penetrating the wall of a flower pot presents problems. It has been found. In other words, the nutrient supply that penetrates the wall of the flowerpot is significantly Assumes open-pore consistency, which limits the usefulness of the materials used. This may result in failure due to pore blockage, for example. Also special Supply nutrients wJ to the bottom side of the blind passage where the outward wall thickness is smaller than the surrounding area. There is a risk of over-fertilizing and possibly burning of thin beard roots. There is.

人孔な実験が明らかにしたところでは、特に植木鉢の製造に高級な微細気孔セラ ミックを使用する場合は、外側から水だけを供給し、栄養物は例えば溶液の形又 は固形で上から植込み八に導入することが好ましい。もっばら植込み穴を介して 必要な水金供給することももちろん可能である。当該の輪廓の代りに盲通路があ るため壁体材料は外側でもたいてい大きな肉厚を有するから、この給水法でも水 が一杯に吸収され、貯水槽の役割をする。Extensive experiments have revealed that high-grade microporous ceramics are used especially in the production of flower pots. When using a mixer, only water is supplied from the outside and nutrients are supplied, for example in the form of a solution or is preferably introduced into the implant from above in solid form. Through the implant holes Of course, it is also possible to supply the necessary water and gold. Instead of the circle in question, there is a blind passage. Since the wall material usually has a large wall thickness on the outside as well, this water supply method also has a large wall thickness. is completely absorbed and acts as a water storage tank.

外側からの栄養物補給を行わない本発明方法の実施態様は、手入れがよシ確実で あシ、植木鉢の材料の性質に関して重大な制限を必要としないので特に有利であ る。なぜなら壁体材料を水で含浸することが可能でありさえすればよく、壁体を 貫通する栄養物輸送はもはや行わないでよいからである。Embodiments of the method of the invention without external feeding are easy to maintain and reliable. Reeds are particularly advantageous as they do not require any significant restrictions regarding the nature of the pot material. Ru. This is because it is only necessary to impregnate the wall material with water; This is because there is no longer any need for penetrating nutrient transport.

栄養物をイオン交換式持続性肥料の形で植込み穴に入れるのが、植物の手入れが 簡単である点で特に好適である。この肥料は植込むMilに既に基質に入れ、例 えば基質に混入し1手入れのために定期的な給水しか必要でないようにすること が好ましい。MB粒状又は錠剤状等で植木鉢に挿入することができ、根の分泌物 の作用がある時だけ作用物質を放出する上記の持続性肥料によって、植物の肥料 過多やひげ根の焼けが一掃される。なぜなら一時的肥料過多も、壁体区域にある ひげ根の損傷を招く恐れがある、多孔質壁体材料の栄養物富化も起こり得ないか らである。かくして矯性植物の栽培のために期則的な給水のほかに一切の手入れ 対策がもはや不要であるから、植物の燐化栽培が従来公知のすべての方法と違っ て、全くの素人にも問題なく行pことができる。Adding nutrients to the planting hole in the form of an ion-exchange sustainable fertilizer is an easy way to care for the plant. This method is particularly suitable because it is simple. This fertilizer is already added to the substrate of the Mil to be planted, e.g. For example, mixing with the substrate so that only regular watering is required for maintenance. is preferred. MB can be inserted into a flower pot in the form of granules or tablets, and the root secretions Fertilize plants by means of the above-mentioned persistent fertilizers, which release active substances only when Excess and burnt hair roots are wiped away. Because temporary overfertilization is also in the wall area. Is it possible that porous wall materials become enriched with nutrients, which could lead to root damage? It is et al. In this way, in addition to regular water supply, all maintenance is required for cultivating erect plants. Phosphative cultivation of plants differs from all previously known methods, since no countermeasures are required anymore. Therefore, even complete amateurs can do it without any problems.

本発明のもう一つの主題は、本発明方法の実施に適し、気体交換を可能にする材 料、特に焼成粘土で作られた植木鉢において、単数側又は複数個の、場合により ては対称に配列され、半径方向外側及び/又は軸方向下側へ走シ、鉢の底部に対 して垂直に配列され、植込み穴の壁体区域及び/又は底部区域で植込み穴を越え て伸張し、開放端が植込み穴に接続する各々1個のスリットの形の盲通路を具備 する植込み穴と、スリット状盲通路が少くとも10分の数ミリメートルないし数 ミIJメートルの内法幅を有し、この内法幅の2倍を超える奥行を有することを 特徴とする植木鉢である。Another subject of the invention is a material suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention and allowing gas exchange. In flower pots made of materials, especially fired clay, the single side or multiple sides, as the case may be. are arranged symmetrically and run radially outward and/or axially downward, against the bottom of the pot. arranged vertically and beyond the implant hole in the wall area and/or bottom area of the implant hole. each with a blind passageway in the form of a slit extending from the top and the open end connecting to the implant hole. The implant hole and the slit-like blind passage are at least several tenths of a millimeter or several It is defined as having an internal width of 1.5 mm and a depth that is more than twice this internal width. This is a unique flower pot.

本発明に基づく植木鉢の植込み穴も鍵自体も、あらゆる可能な形状を取ることが できる。すなわち植込み穴は円形、四角形又は多角形であることができ、その縦 断面は一貫して同じ直径であってよいが、植木鉢を伝統的な形状に適応させるた めに、底部寄りに細まることが好ましい。植込み穴の壁面は平滑又は波形のいず れでもよいが、後者は面積の拡大、それと共に良好な酸素及び/又は水の補給に 寄与する。Both the planting hole and the lock itself of the flower pot according to the invention can take on any possible shape. can. That is, the implant hole can be circular, square or polygonal, and its vertical The cross-section may be of the same diameter throughout, but in order to adapt the flowerpot to a traditional shape. Therefore, it is preferable to taper toward the bottom. The walls of the implantation hole may be smooth or corrugated. However, the latter will increase the area and provide better oxygen and/or water supply. Contribute.

植木鉢全体もまた植込み穴の形状にかかわシなく円形、四角形又は多角形である ことができる。植木鉢は、植込み穴から外側へ伸張する盲通路を収容するのに適 した寸法を持たなければならないにの盲通路は、植木鉢の内部に挿設されて植込 み穴の容積を縮小する取付物の中にあってもよい。しかし植込み穴から出るスリ ット状盲通路がその中に配置されるような大きさの肉厚を植木鉢に具備せしめる ことが好ましい。The entire flowerpot can also be circular, square or polygonal, regardless of the shape of the planting hole. be able to. Plant pots are suitable for accommodating blind passages extending outward from the planting hole. A blind passageway must have the following dimensions when inserted inside a flower pot and It may also be in a fitting that reduces the volume of the hole. However, pickpockets coming out of the shrubbery The flowerpot is provided with a wall thickness such that a blind passageway is placed in the pot. It is preferable.

本発明の目的を遂行するには、1個のスリット状盲通路があれば十分である。腹 数個の盲通路を設ける場合は、植木鉢に対称に配列することが好ましい。その場 合、2個又は4個の相対するスリット状通路があるならば、それぞれ2個を底部 区域に伸張するスリットで互いに連結することが可能である。スリット状盲通路 は等長又は不等長のいずれでもよい。後者はとりわけ角張った浅鉢で、盆栽の伝 統に従って植込み穴を鉢に非対称に設ける場合に好適である。One slit-like blind channel is sufficient to fulfill the purpose of the invention. stomach If several blind passages are provided, it is preferable to arrange them symmetrically in the flowerpot. the spot If there are 2 or 4 opposing slit-like channels, two of each should be placed at the bottom. It is possible to connect them to each other with slits extending into the area. slit blind passage may be of equal or unequal length. The latter has a particularly angular and shallow pot, which is typical of bonsai tradition. It is suitable when planting holes are provided asymmetrically in a pot according to the pattern.

通路は内法幅の3倍ないし6倍の奥行があるのが適当でアフ、特に奥行が内法幅 の4倍ないし5倍であることが好ましい。It is appropriate for the passage to have a depth of 3 to 6 times the inner width. It is preferably 4 to 5 times as large.

植木鉢の周壁は、気体交換を許し、溶解栄養物に対して透過性でないまでも、好 ましくは透水性の材料から成るので、周囲外側の貯水槽が設けてない場合は、外 部への蒸発による水損失を回避するために、底部と周壁を不透水層で取囲むこと が好ましい。The surrounding wall of the flower pot allows gas exchange and is preferably if not permeable to dissolved nutrients. It is preferably made of water-permeable material, so if there is no external water storage tank, The bottom and surrounding walls should be surrounded by an impermeable layer to avoid water loss due to evaporation into the is preferred.

これに対して水又は栄養物を外側から補給する本発明方法を実施するだめの植木 鉢の場合は水密材料、例えばうわぐすシを掛けた磁器、石器、陶器、グラスチッ ク、金属又は含浸木材等の受鉢の中に唯置くだけでよい。その場合、受鉢と本来 の植木鉢の間にギャップが残9、これが水又は栄養溶液のための溜めとして利用 されるように、受鉢の大きさを定める。液体の注入を容易にする注入孔を形成す るために、このギャップを1カ所で、例えば角鉢の場合は隅角部の1つで拡張す ることができる。On the other hand, plants to be treated with the method of the present invention in which water or nutrients are supplied from the outside. For pots, use watertight materials, such as glazed porcelain, stoneware, earthenware, or glass chips. Simply place it in a pot made of wood, metal, or impregnated wood. In that case, the pot and the original A gap is left between the flower pots9, which serves as a reservoir for water or nutrient solution. Determine the size of the pot so that the Forms an injection hole to facilitate liquid injection. To avoid this, widen this gap in one place, for example, in the case of a square pot, at one of the corners. can be done.

外側から水及び/又は栄養物を補給することが予定されていなければ、受鉢が多 孔質植木鉢の外面に完全に接していてもよい。この場合は給水が植込み穴を経て 行われ、そのために植木鉢の上側に、内側ヘテーパをなす斜面を設け、液体を植 込み穴の中の基質に直接送り込みやすくすることが好ましい。If it is not planned to supply water and/or nutrients from the outside, there will be too many pots. It may be completely in contact with the outer surface of the porous flower pot. In this case, water is supplied through the planting hole. For this purpose, a slope that tapers inward is provided on the top of the flower pot, and the liquid is poured into the pot. Preferably, it facilitates direct delivery into the substrate within the drilling hole.

成る大きさ以上の植物の場合は受鉢を安定に形成して、外被と本来の植木鉢の間 に間隙を設けないことが好ましい。なぜなら特に大型の植物の場合は根の圧力が 本来の植木鉢を破裂する恐れがあるからである。If the plant is larger than the flower pot, form a stable pot and place it between the outer cover and the original pot. It is preferable that no gap be provided between the two. This is because, especially in the case of large plants, root pressure This is because there is a risk of bursting the original flowerpot.

この場合は植物容器自体の周壁と底部区域、但し好ましくは植木鉢の周壁の上側 を除き、被膜の形の、水及び好ましくは蒸気の拡散に対して密な被覆層金膜ける とよい。上記の被膜は例えば直接塗布したうわぐすフである。これは良好な製造 を可能にし、しかも視覚的に魅力ある製品をもたらす。また被膜を他の処置、例 えば塗装、どぶ漬は又は吹付けによって被着することも可能である。そのために 例えばプラスチック又はワックスが役立つ。これは、うわぐすシ掛けに必要な高 い焼成温度が不要になシ、色の構成とデザインに関してより多くのパリエージ、 ンが可能になるという利点がある。In this case, the peripheral wall and bottom area of the plant container itself, but preferably the upper side of the peripheral wall of the flower pot. The coating layer is dense against the diffusion of water and preferably steam, in the form of a coating, except for Good. The above-mentioned coatings are, for example, directly applied glazes. This is good manufacturing This makes it possible to create visually appealing products. The capsule can also be treated with other treatments, e.g. For example, it can be applied by painting, dipping, or spraying. for that For example, plastic or wax are useful. This is the height required for glazing. No need for higher firing temperatures, more pariage in terms of color composition and design, This has the advantage of making it possible to

既に述べたように、大気との間になるぺ〈円滑な気体交換を保証するために、植 物容器の周壁の上側区域は被覆を設けない。As already mentioned, the plant is used to ensure smooth gas exchange between the The upper area of the peripheral wall of the container shall not be coated.

適当に大きく選定した植木鉢に複数個の植込み大全収容して、複数個の植物を配 列できるようにすることももちろん可能である。Arrange multiple plants by accommodating multiple plants in appropriately large flowerpots. Of course, it is also possible to make it possible to queue up.

本発明に基づく植木鉢の例を図面に示す。An example of a flowerpot according to the invention is shown in the drawing.

ここに第1図は受鉢及び中間にあって貯水槽として利用されるギャツfを有する 植木鉢の平面図、第2図は平面図で示した第1図の植木鉢の、A−B線に沿った 断面図、第3図は外側ギャップがなく、水蜜外被を備えた本発明に基づく植木鉢 を示す。Here, Figure 1 has a basin and a gatsu f located in the middle that is used as a water tank. A plan view of the flower pot, Figure 2 is a plan view of the flower pot shown in Figure 1 along line A-B. Cross-sectional view, FIG. 3, of a flower pot according to the invention without an outer gap and with a honeysuckle cover shows.

第1図は、間にギヤング6が残るように水密の受鉢4の中に挿置した円形構造の 植木鉢2を示す。第2図が示すように円錐台状に下へ細まる円形の植込み穴8は 、はぼ軸中心にある。植込み穴8から出る、2個の相対する盲通路10が形成さ れ、その各々は第2図で明らかなように上側が開放したスリットとして形成され ており、その延長が植込み穴8の底の下で互いに連絡する。このスリット100 半径方向内側の開口部11が植込み穴8に接続する。植込み穴8は基質12が充 填され、植物14を収容するために使用される。Figure 1 shows a circular structure inserted into a watertight basin 4 with a gigang 6 remaining in between. Flower pot 2 is shown. As shown in Fig. 2, the circular implant hole 8 is tapered downward in the shape of a truncated cone. , is centered on the axis. Two opposing blind passages 10 exiting from the implant hole 8 are formed. Each of them is formed as a slit open at the top, as shown in Figure 2. and their extensions communicate with each other below the bottom of the implant hole 8. This slit 100 A radially inner opening 11 connects to the implant hole 8 . The planting hole 8 is filled with the substrate 12. and used to house the plants 14.

やはり第2図に示すように、植物の根24は既に盲通路10の中に成長している 。Again, as shown in FIG. 2, the roots 24 of the plant have already grown into the blind passage 10. .

受鉢4と植木鉢20間のギャップ6に水16が充填されている。水は注入口20 からたやすく供給することができる。A gap 6 between the pot 4 and the flowerpot 20 is filled with water 16. Water is inlet 20 It can be easily supplied from

更に植木鉢2の壁体は、第2図で明らかな円錐形斜面22を具備する。この斜面 は植込み穴8への水又は栄養液の供給を容易にする。18は植込み穴8の周面9 の波状起伏を表す。水16は植木鉢2の外側に貯蔵されているから、植物I4の 根24に到達する前に植木鉢2の多孔質材料を通過しなければならない。その際 、植木鉢2の多孔質材料は水を一杯に吸い込むから、ギャッf6を適時に補充す ることを万−見のがしても、植物14は乾燥から守られる。Furthermore, the wall of the flower pot 2 is provided with a conical slope 22, which can be seen in FIG. this slope facilitates the supply of water or nutrient solution to the planting hole 8. 18 is the peripheral surface 9 of the implant hole 8 represents the wavy relief of Since water 16 is stored outside of flower pot 2, plant I4 It must pass through the porous material of the flowerpot 2 before reaching the roots 24. that time , the porous material of flowerpot 2 will absorb all the water, so refill the gap f6 in a timely manner. Even if this is overlooked, the plants 14 will be protected from drying out.

間隙がなく、水田被膜を具備する本発明植木鉢の実施態様を第3図に示す。この 図の参照番号は第1図及び第2図と同じ意味を有する。植木鉢2の周壁3の外側 に付層する不透水性被覆層を26で示す。本発明植木鉢のこの変型の場合は外側 からの給水が不可能であるから、すべての水を植込み穴8に導入しなければなら ない。この場合も存在する斜面22−がそのために利用される。ここに−例とし て示す植木鉢の、盲通路の形状、数及び配列等に関するあらゆる変更がもちろん 可能である。例えば盲通路が底部区域に伸張することを廃止してもよい。An embodiment of the flowerpot according to the invention with a gap-free paddy coating is shown in FIG. this Reference numbers in the figures have the same meaning as in FIGS. 1 and 2. Outside of the peripheral wall 3 of the flowerpot 2 The water-impermeable coating layer applied to is indicated by 26. In this variant of the flowerpot according to the invention, the outside Since it is not possible to supply water from the do not have. In this case too, the existing slope 22- is used for this purpose. Here - as an example Of course, any changes in the shape, number, arrangement, etc. of the blind passages of the flower pots shown in It is possible. For example, it may be possible to eliminate the blind passage extending into the bottom area.

このようにして本発明方法と本発明植木鉢によって、多額の費用や特殊な専門知 識なしに視覚的に魅力ある装飾植物の燐化形態を得ることが可能である。しかし 上述の方法が単に装飾植物に及ぶばかりでなく、作物植物を本発明方法で透化栽 培することも可能であることは言うまでもない。それは例えば植物の育種におい て利点をもたらす。その場゛合、本発明に基づいて得られる透化が遺伝形質に何 ら影響せず、根に対する上述の干渉がなくなれば、例えば普通の鉢又は自然の土 壌に鉢替えすれば、直ちに再び正常成長が得られることが重要である。In this way, the method of the present invention and the flower pot of the present invention do not require much expense or special expertise. It is possible to obtain visually attractive phosphorized forms of ornamental plants without knowing it. but The above-mentioned method not only extends to ornamental plants, but also crop plants can be grown using the method of the present invention. Needless to say, it is also possible to cultivate it. For example, in plant breeding bring benefits. In that case, what effect does the permeabilization obtained according to the present invention have on genetic traits? If the roots are not affected and the above-mentioned interference with the roots is eliminated, for example in a regular pot or in natural soil. It is important that normal growth resumes as soon as the plant is repotted in soil.

?−4%(lH61−502654(6)FIG、3 手続補正書 昭和l/年ヲり/θ日 PCT/DE85100233 2、発明の名称 矯性植物の育成法及びこのための植木鉢3、補正をする者 事件との関係 特許出願人 氏名 レンケ、ミカエル 4、代理人 東京都千代田区霞が関3丁目7番2号 UBEビル昭和61年9月2日 “ 6、補正の対象 明細書及び請求の範囲の翻訳文(浄書したもの)代理権を証するもの 国際調査報告 入NNEX To τ王KENτ”:llAτ工CNAL 5二A:lCHRE ?ORT ON? -4% (lH61-502654(6)FIG, 3 Procedural amendment Showa 1/year/θ day PCT/DE85100233 2. Name of the invention How to grow corrective plants and flowerpots for this purpose 3. Person who performs correction Relationship to the case: Patent applicant Name Lenke, Michael 4. Agent UBE Building, 3-7-2 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo September 2, 1986 “ 6. Subject of correction Translation of the description and claims (written version) proving authority of agency international search report Enter NNEX To τKENτ”:llAτ CNAL 52A:lCHRE ? ORT ON

Claims (10)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1.若い植物又は場合によってはその種子、球根、発根した挿木、取り木等を、 完全な成長のためには過小な体積の基質を納め、気体交換を許す壁体を備えた植 木鉢に植込む矮性植物の育成方法において、植木鉢の植込み穴が少くとも1個の 、おおむね外向きに走9、少くとも近似的に平行の呼吸活性壁を具備する盲通路 と連通し、根が中に成長して行くことは可能だが、盲通路の内法幅が栽培される 植物の精々太い根の直径に相当し、その長さが内法幅の2倍以上であるように、 盲通路の内法幅を定めることを特徴とする方法。1. Young plants or, in some cases, their seeds, bulbs, rooted cuttings, cuttings, etc. Plants with walls that contain too little substrate volume and allow gas exchange for full growth. In the method of growing dwarf plants in flowerpots, the flowerpot has at least one planting hole. , a blind passageway running generally outward 9 with at least approximately parallel respiratory active walls. It is possible for the roots to grow inside, but the inner width of the blind passage is cultivated. Corresponds to the diameter of the thickest root of the plant, and its length is more than twice the inner width, A method characterized by determining the inner width of a blind passage. 2.単数個又は複数個の盲通路の長さがその内法幅の2倍ないし6倍、特に4倍 ないし5倍であることを特徴とする、請求の範囲第1項に記載の方法。2. The length of one or more blind passages is 2 to 6 times, especially 4 times, the inner width of the blind passage or passages. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that from 5 to 5 times. 3.植込み穴と単数個又は複数個の盲通路を取囲む壁体が水及び栄養物を透過す る多孔質材料から成り、植物への水及び栄養物の補給が外側からこの壁体を通し て行われることを特徴とする、請求の範囲第1項に記載の方法。3. The wall surrounding the planting hole and the blind passage(s) is permeable to water and nutrients. The wall is made of porous material, and water and nutrients are supplied to the plants from the outside through this wall. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is carried out. 4.植込み穴と単数個又は複数個の盲通路を取囲む壁体が水を透過するが栄養物 は全く又は十分に透過せず、給水が外側からこの壁体を通して及び/又は植込み 穴の中に補充することによって行われるが、栄養物の補給は植込み穴の内部から 行われることを特徴とする、請求の範囲第1項又は第2項のいずれか1に記載の 方法。4. The wall surrounding the planting hole and one or more blind passages is permeable to water but retains nutrients. does not penetrate at all or sufficiently, and the water supply can pass through this wall from the outside and/or This is done by replenishing the hole, but nutrients are supplied from inside the implant hole. Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: Method. 5.気体交換を可能にする材料、特に焼成粘土から成る、請求の範囲第1項ない し第4項のいずれか1に記載の方法の実施のための植木鉢において、単数個又は 複数個の、場合によっては対称に配列され、半径方向外側及び/又は軸方向下側 へ走り、鉢の底部に対して垂直に配列され、植込み穴(8)の壁体区域及び/又 は底部区域で植込み穴(8)を越えて伸張し、開放端(11)が植込み穴(8) に接続する各々1個のスリットの形の盲通路(10)を具備する植込み穴(8) と、スリット状盲通路(10)が少くとも10分の数ミリメートルないし数ミリ メートルの内法幅を有し、この内法幅の2倍を超える奥行を有することを特徴と する植木鉢。5. Claim 1 consisting of a material allowing gas exchange, in particular calcined clay. In the flower pot for carrying out the method according to any one of paragraph 4, a single or multiple, possibly symmetrically arranged, radially outward and/or axially downward running in the wall area of the planting hole (8) and/or arranged perpendicularly to the bottom of the pot. extends beyond the implant hole (8) in the bottom area and the open end (11) extends beyond the implant hole (8). implant holes (8) each comprising a blind channel (10) in the form of a slit connecting to and the slit-like blind passage (10) is at least several tenths of a millimeter or several millimeters wide. It is characterized by having an internal width of meters and a depth that is more than twice this internal width. flower pot. 6.植木鉢(2)の周壁が単数個又は複数個の盲通路(10)の奥行を超える厚 さを有することを特徴とする、請求の範囲第5項に記載の植木鉢。6. The thickness of the peripheral wall of the flower pot (2) exceeds the depth of one or more blind passages (10) 6. The flowerpot according to claim 5, characterized in that the flowerpot has a 7.単数個又は複数個の盲通路(10)の奥行と内法幅の比が少くとも3、最高 6、特に4ないし5であることを特徴とする、請求の範囲第5項又は第6項に記 載の植木鉢。7. The ratio of depth to inner width of the blind passage(s) (10) is at least 3 and at most 6, in particular 4 to 5, according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that A flower pot. 8.植木鉢(2)の周壁と受鉢(4)の間に水及び/又は栄養液貯蔵槽として間 隙(6)が残るように、水密の受鉢(4)の中に挿置したことを特徴とする、請 求の範囲第5項ないし第7項のいずれか1に記載の植木鉢。8. There is a space between the peripheral wall of the flower pot (2) and the pot (4) as a water and/or nutrient solution storage tank. It is characterized by being placed in a watertight pot (4) so that a gap (6) remains. The flower pot according to any one of the claims 5 to 7. 9.周壁(3)と好ましくは底面及び下面も液体及び特に蒸気の拡散に対して密 な被覆層(26)で取囲まれ、この被覆層(26)が周壁(3)に空隙なく接す ることを特徴とする、請求の範囲第5項ないし第7項のいずれか1に記載の植木 鉢。9. The peripheral wall (3) and preferably also the bottom and underside are tight against the diffusion of liquids and especially vapors. surrounded by a covering layer (26), and this covering layer (26) contacts the peripheral wall (3) without any gaps. The plant according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: Pot. 10.被覆層(26)としてうわぐすりの形の被膜又は塗装、吹付け又はどぶ漬 け工程により被着した表層が使用されることを特徴とする、請求の範囲第9項に 記載の植木鉢。10. A coating in the form of a glaze or painting, spraying or dipping as the covering layer (26) Claim 9, characterized in that the surface layer deposited by a coating process is used. The flower pot described.
JP60503188A 1984-07-13 1985-07-05 How to grow ``dwarf'' plants and flower pots for this purpose Pending JPS61502654A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3425919 1984-07-13
DE3500518.1 1985-01-09
DE3425919.8 1985-01-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61502654A true JPS61502654A (en) 1986-11-20

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ID=6240606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60503188A Pending JPS61502654A (en) 1984-07-13 1985-07-05 How to grow ``dwarf'' plants and flower pots for this purpose

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JP (1) JPS61502654A (en)
DE (1) DE3525000A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108781888A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-11-13 美丽国土(北京)生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 Planting container and implantation methods

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2595902B1 (en) * 1986-03-21 1989-06-02 Eychenne Camille PLANT FOR SEEDLING AND CULTIVATION OF PLANTS AND METHOD OF MAKING
DE3930960A1 (en) * 1989-09-16 1991-03-28 Gerhard Benkert PLANT CONTAINER
CN102599024A (en) * 2012-03-09 2012-07-25 王清 Seedling culturing and planting method and device used for arid region plant
AT513873B1 (en) 2013-02-01 2014-11-15 Walter Pötscher Planter, especially a shell

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108781888A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-11-13 美丽国土(北京)生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 Planting container and implantation methods

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