JPS6135627Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

【考案の詳細な説明】 本考案は、屋根の換気構造、さらに詳しくは屋
根の棟を通して小屋裏の換気を行なう屋根の換気
構造に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a roof ventilation structure, and more specifically to a roof ventilation structure that ventilates the attic through the ridges of the roof.

一般に屋根の棟を通して小屋裏の換気を行なう
には、第１図に示すように、雨仕舞の都合上、側
面に換気口４が形成された棟瓦５を用いられてい
るものであるから、風向きによつて換気口４から
の吸引力が変化し、換気効率が風向きに左右さ
れ、また、換気される空気の流通抵抗が大きく、
換気効率が低いという欠点がある。 Generally, in order to ventilate the attic through the ridge of the roof, a ridge tile 5 with a ventilation hole 4 formed on the side is used to prevent rain, as shown in Fig. 1. The suction force from the ventilation opening 4 changes depending on the air flow, the ventilation efficiency depends on the wind direction, and the flow resistance of the ventilated air is large.
It has the disadvantage of low ventilation efficiency.

本考案は上述の欠点に鑑みて為されたものであ
つて、その主な目的とするところは、棟瓦上面に
換気口を設けることにより、風向きによつて換気
効率が左右されず、常に安定した十分な吸引力が
作用するようにすることにあり、他の目的とする
ところは、換気口が棟瓦上面に開口しながらも、
換気口から浸入した雨水が棟瓦の下面に沿つて通
気孔上面に到つて、ここで通気孔に落下するのを
確実に防止することにあり、さらに他の目的とす
るところは、換気口を通して棟瓦の中に鳥などが
はいることを防止することにあり、また目皿の取
付けが簡単にできるとともに目皿を取付ける場合
同時に棟瓦の取付けもできるようにすることにあ
る。 The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its main purpose is to provide a ventilation hole on the top of the ridge tile, so that the ventilation efficiency is not affected by the wind direction and is always stable. The purpose is to ensure that sufficient suction power is applied, and the other purpose is to ensure that even though the ventilation opening is open on the top of the ridge tile,
The objective is to reliably prevent rainwater that has entered through the ventilation opening from reaching the upper surface of the ventilation hole along the bottom surface of the ridge tile and falling into the ventilation hole. The purpose is to prevent birds from getting into the roof, and to make it possible to easily install the perforated plate and also to install the ridge tile at the same time when the perforated plate is installed.

本考案の屋根の換気構造は、屋根１の棟を跨い
で配置され棟の頂部に対する位置で上下に貫通す
る通気口２が設けられた水切板３と、水切板３の
上面を覆い棟の頂部に対応する位置で上下に貫通
する換気口４が設けられた棟瓦５と、棟瓦５と水
切板３との間に配置されて棟瓦５を支持するとと
もに水切板３の下の屋根１上に固定された横材１
３に水切板３を介して固定される支持具６と、棟
瓦５上面に配置され換気口４を覆う目皿７とで構
成され、通気口２と換気口４とが棟の長手方向に
沿つてずれた位置に配置され、通気口２と換気口
４とを通して小屋裏と戸外とが連通し、支持具６
と目皿７とを換気口４を通してボルトのような連
結具８で連結して目皿７と支持具６とで棟瓦５の
換気口２周縁部を挟持し、目皿７の下面外周部付
近の少なくとも棟の長手方向と直交する方向の両
側より垂下片Ａを垂設したものであり、このよう
な構成とすることで上記した本考案の目的を達成
できたものである。 The roof ventilation structure of the present invention includes a draining board 3 which is placed across the ridge of the roof 1 and is provided with a vent 2 that penetrates vertically at a position relative to the top of the ridge, and a draining board 3 that covers the top surface of the draining board 3 and covers the top of the ridge. A ridge tile 5 is provided with a ventilation hole 4 penetrating vertically at a position corresponding to the ridge tile 5, and a ridge tile 5 is arranged between the ridge tile 5 and the draining board 3 to support the ridge tile 5 and is fixed on the roof 1 below the draining board 3. Cross member 1
It consists of a support 6 fixed to the ridge tile 3 via a draining plate 3, and a perforated plate 7 arranged on the upper surface of the ridge tile 5 to cover the ventilation opening 4. The attic and the outdoors are communicated through the ventilation opening 2 and the ventilation opening 4, and the support 6
The perforated plate 7 is connected through the ventilation hole 4 with a connecting tool 8 such as a bolt, and the peripheral edge of the ventilation hole 2 of the ridge tile 5 is held between the perforated plate 7 and the support 6, and the vicinity of the outer periphery of the lower surface of the perforated plate 7 is Hanging pieces A are provided vertically from at least both sides of the ridge in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ridge, and with this configuration, the above-mentioned object of the present invention can be achieved.

本考案を以下実施例により詳述する。垂木１１
上にいわゆるコンパネと称する厚みの厚い合板１
２が載置され、その上に平板瓦９が葺かれる。屋
根１の両斜面の垂木１１上端部には夫々垂木１１
に直交する方向に走る半貫のような横材１３が固
定される。両横材１３間に跨つて金属板で形成し
た水切板３が配置される。水切板３は巾方向中央
部で屋根形に折曲され、巾方向の両側縁は横材１
３の外側面及び平板瓦９に沿うようにＬ型片１４
が延出する。水切板３の頂部を挾んで両側には一
対の通気口２が開口する。通気口２の周縁は上方
に立ち上がつて筒状縁１５を形成し、筒状縁１５
の上端には外方に周鍔Ｂを周設し、水切板３上を
伝わる水が通気口２にはいらないようにしてい
る。水切板３上には支持具６が配置される。水切
板３上面には支持具６の取付位置に対応して一対
の位置決め用合せマーク部２０が形成される。こ
の位置決め用合せマーク部２０突起であつてもよ
い。支持具３は上記両横材１３間に跨つて配置さ
れ、横材１３に固定される脚１６を両端部に有す
る。この脚１６を通して水切板３を貫通する釘の
ような固定具１７を横材１３に固定する。これに
より、水切板３と支持具６とが屋根１に固定され
る。棟の長手方向に沿つた支持具６の巾は棟瓦５
に設けた換気口４の直径よりも小さくなつてい
る。棟瓦５は支持具６上に載置されるとともに、
また棟瓦５のジヨイント部１８下面の巾方向の両
端部が水切板３の巾方向の両端部に載置される。
棟瓦５は、第３図および第４図に示すように、セ
メントなどの無機質材料で構成され、棟の長手方
向における一端部に断面略Ｌ字状のジヨイント部
１８が形成される。棟瓦５を並べるには棟瓦５の
他端部とジヨイント部１８の横片とを内外に重複
するようにして次々に連結すればよい。ジヨイン
ト部１８の横片外周面には周方向に沿つた溝１９
が形成されており、棟瓦５同士の継ぎ目から浸入
する雨水を溝１９を通して排出することにより棟
瓦５内に雨水がはいらないようにしている。各棟
瓦５には夫々上下に貫通する一つの換気口４が形
成されている。この換気口４が棟の長手方向に沿
つて水切板３の通気口２とはずれた位置に位置す
るように棟瓦５を配置し、かつ換気口４と支持具
３とが対応するようにする。すなわち、上述した
ように、水切板３の位置決め用合せマーク２０に
支持具３の位置を合わせ、かつ支持具３に棟瓦５
の換気口４を対応させることによつて、通気口２
と換気口４との相対的な位置関係が保たれる。換
気口４とジヨイント部１８とは棟瓦５の長手方向
に沿つて互いに反対の端部に設けられており、両
者を同一端部に設けるよりも雨仕舞をし易くして
いる。すなわち、水切板３に設ける通気口２の数
を増すことができ、換気量を多くすることができ
る。換気口４は目皿７で覆われており、目皿７の
周縁部は換気口４周縁部の上面に載置される。目
皿７の中央部にはボルトのような連結具８が挿通
されており、連結具８は換気口４を通つて支持具
６に連結される。すなわち、連結具８によつて支
持具６と目皿７とが連結され、換気口４周縁部が
支持具６と目皿７との間で挾持されることにな
る。これにより、棟瓦５が屋根１上に保持され
る。ここで目皿７の下面外周部付近の少くとも棟
の長手方向と直交する方向の両側より垂下片Ａが
垂設してある。この垂下片Ａは第５図に示すよう
に横断面円弧状となつている。垂下片Ａと垂下片
Ａとの間は支持具８が嵌め込まれる。この場合目
皿の下面外周部付近に環状の垂下片Ａを垂設して
もよいがこの時は支持具６の中央部の両側をそれ
れ凹ませてこの凹みを垂下片Ａに嵌め込んでもよ
い。なお第８図に示すように水切板３と棟瓦５と
の間の距離をｈとし、水切板３から周鍔Ｂまでの
距離をａとし、棟瓦５から垂下片Ａの下端までの
距離をｂとした場合ｈ＜ａ＋ｂとなるようにして
いると、万一換気口４に取付けた目皿７から強風
が吹込んで垂下片Ａの下端から雨水が吹飛ばされ
ても、この雨水が通気口２内にはいらないように
することができる。第６図，第７図は本考案の他
の実施例であつて、この実施例では波状瓦材ｃに
下端が波状となつた独立気泡発泡体よりなる面戸
Ｄを嵌め込んでこの面戸Ｄ上に半貫のような横材
１３を釘打ちなどで固定してある。なお図中Ｅは
独立気泡発泡体よりなるエンド部材であつて、棟
瓦５と水切板３との間に介在してある。 The present invention will be explained in detail below using examples. Rafter 11
On top is a thick plywood board called a control panel 1
2 is placed, and a flat tile 9 is roofed on top of it. Rafters 11 are installed at the upper ends of the rafters 11 on both slopes of the roof 1, respectively.
A cross member 13 like a semi-through hole running in a direction perpendicular to is fixed. A draining plate 3 made of a metal plate is arranged spanning between both the horizontal members 13. The draining board 3 is bent into a roof shape at the center in the width direction, and the side edges on both sides in the width direction are the horizontal members 1.
3 and the L-shaped piece 14 along the flat tile 9.
is extended. A pair of ventilation holes 2 are opened on both sides of the top of the draining plate 3. The peripheral edge of the vent 2 rises upward to form a cylindrical edge 15, and the cylindrical edge 15
A flange B is provided outwardly around the upper end of the vent hole 2 to prevent water transmitted on the drain plate 3 from entering the vent hole 2. A support 6 is arranged on the draining plate 3. A pair of alignment mark portions 20 for positioning are formed on the top surface of the draining plate 3 in correspondence with the mounting positions of the support 6. The positioning alignment mark portion 20 may be a protrusion. The support 3 is disposed astride between both the cross members 13 and has legs 16 fixed to the cross members 13 at both ends. A nail-like fixture 17 passing through the drain plate 3 through this leg 16 is fixed to the cross member 13. Thereby, the draining plate 3 and the support 6 are fixed to the roof 1. The width of the support 6 along the longitudinal direction of the ridge is the ridge tile 5
The diameter is smaller than the diameter of the ventilation opening 4 provided in the. The ridge tile 5 is placed on the support 6, and
Further, both ends of the lower surface of the joint portion 18 of the ridge tile 5 in the width direction are placed on both ends of the draining plate 3 in the width direction.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the ridge tile 5 is made of an inorganic material such as cement, and a joint portion 18 having a substantially L-shaped cross section is formed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the ridge. To arrange the ridge tiles 5, the other end of the ridge tile 5 and the horizontal piece of the joint part 18 may be connected one after another so as to overlap inside and outside. A groove 19 along the circumferential direction is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the horizontal piece of the joint portion 18.
is formed, and rainwater that enters from the joints between the ridge tiles 5 is discharged through the grooves 19 to prevent rainwater from entering the ridge tiles 5. Each ridge tile 5 is formed with one ventilation opening 4 that passes through it vertically. The ridge tile 5 is arranged so that the ventilation opening 4 is located at a position apart from the ventilation opening 2 of the draining board 3 along the longitudinal direction of the ridge, and the ventilation opening 4 and the support 3 correspond to each other. That is, as described above, the position of the support 3 is aligned with the positioning alignment mark 20 of the draining board 3, and the ridge tile 5 is attached to the support 3.
By matching the ventilation opening 4 of the
The relative positional relationship between the air vent 4 and the ventilation port 4 is maintained. The ventilation opening 4 and the joint part 18 are provided at mutually opposite ends along the longitudinal direction of the ridge tile 5, making it easier to shut off rain than if both were provided at the same end. That is, the number of vent holes 2 provided in the draining plate 3 can be increased, and the amount of ventilation can be increased. The ventilation port 4 is covered with a perforated plate 7, and the peripheral edge of the perforated plate 7 is placed on the upper surface of the peripheral edge of the ventilation port 4. A bolt-like connector 8 is inserted through the center of the perforated plate 7, and the connector 8 is connected to the support 6 through the ventilation opening 4. That is, the support 6 and the perforated plate 7 are connected by the connector 8, and the peripheral edge of the ventilation port 4 is held between the support 6 and the perforated plate 7. Thereby, the ridge tile 5 is held on the roof 1. Here, hanging pieces A are vertically provided near the outer periphery of the lower surface of the perforated plate 7 from at least both sides in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ridge. As shown in FIG. 5, this hanging piece A has an arcuate cross section. A support 8 is fitted between the hanging pieces A and the hanging pieces A. In this case, an annular hanging piece A may be hung near the outer periphery of the lower surface of the perforated plate, but in this case, both sides of the center part of the support 6 may be recessed and the hanging pieces A may be fitted into the recesses. good. As shown in Fig. 8, the distance between the drain plate 3 and the ridge tile 5 is h, the distance from the drain plate 3 to the flange B is a, and the distance from the ridge tile 5 to the lower end of the hanging piece A is b. In this case, if h<a+b is satisfied, even if a strong wind blows through the perforated plate 7 attached to the ventilation opening 4 and rainwater is blown away from the lower end of the hanging piece A, this rainwater will flow through the ventilation opening 2. You can make it so that you don't need it inside. Figures 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which a side door D made of closed cell foam with a wavy lower end is fitted into a wavy tile material c. A horizontal member 13 like a half-through hole is fixed on D by nailing or the like. In addition, E in the figure is an end member made of closed cell foam, and is interposed between the ridge tile 5 and the drain plate 3.

本考案にあつては、叙述のように棟瓦に棟の頂
部に対応する位置で上下に貫通する換気口が形成
されるとともに、棟瓦の内側で屋根の棟を跨いで
配置される水切板に棟の頂部に対応する位置で上
下に貫通する通気口が形成され、通気口と換気口
とを通して小屋裏と戸外とが連通するので、換気
の際の空気の流路に抵抗が少なく、換気口付近を
通る風による換気口からの空気の吸引力が大きく
なつて換気効率がよく、かつ棟の頂部に対応する
位置で棟瓦に上下に貫通する換気口が形成されて
いるので、風向きにより換気効率が左右されない
という利点を有する。また、通気口と換気口とが
棟の長手方向に沿つてずれた位置に配置されてい
るので、換気口からはいつた雨水が通気口にはい
ることがなく雨仕舞がよいという利点を有し、さ
らに、換気口が目皿で覆われるので棟瓦内に鳥な
どがはいつて巣を作ることがないという利点を有
する。しかも目皿の下面外周部付近の少くとも棟
の長手方向と直交する方向の両側より垂下片を垂
設してあるので、換気口に取付けた目皿から雨水
が浸入しても、この雨水が棟瓦の下面の棟の長手
方向に沿つて流れることがなく、したがつて雨水
が棟瓦の下面の棟の長手方向に沿つて流れて通気
口の上方まで流れて通気口に流下するといつた恐
れがないものであり、また棟瓦と水切板との間に
配置されて棟瓦を支持するとともに水切板の下の
屋根上に固定された横材に水切板を介して固定さ
れる支持具を設け、支持具と目皿とを換気口を通
してボルトのような連結具で連結して目皿と支持
具とで棟瓦の換気口周縁部を挟持してあるので、
支持具にボルトのような連結具で連結するだけで
目皿の取付けができるとともに、目皿を取付ける
場合同時に目皿と支持具とで棟瓦を挟持して棟瓦
の取付けができるものである。 In the case of the present invention, as described above, a ventilation hole is formed in the ridge tile at a position corresponding to the top of the ridge that penetrates vertically, and a ridge is formed in the draining plate that is placed inside the ridge tile and straddles the ridge of the roof. A vent that penetrates vertically is formed at a position corresponding to the top of the vent, and the attic and the outdoors are communicated through the vent, so there is little resistance to the air flow path during ventilation, and the air flow near the vent is The suction force of the air from the ventilation openings increases due to the wind passing through the roof, resulting in high ventilation efficiency.Also, since ventilation openings are formed that penetrate vertically through the ridge tiles at positions corresponding to the top of the ridge, ventilation efficiency increases depending on the wind direction. It has the advantage of being unaffected. In addition, since the vents are placed at different positions along the length of the building, rainwater from the vents does not enter the vents, making it easier to shut off rain. Furthermore, since the ventilation opening is covered with a perforated plate, there is an advantage that birds and the like cannot crawl into the ridge tile and make nests therein. In addition, hanging pieces are installed near the outer periphery of the lower surface of the perforation at least from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ridge, so even if rainwater enters from the perforation installed in the ventilation opening, this rainwater will be removed. There is a risk that rainwater will not flow along the length of the ridge on the bottom of the ridge tile, leading to rainwater flowing along the length of the ridge on the bottom of the ridge tile, flowing above the vent, and then flowing down into the vent. In addition, there is a support that is placed between the ridge tile and the draining board to support the ridge tile, and is also fixed to the horizontal member fixed on the roof below the draining board via the draining board to support the ridge tile. The perforation and the perforation are connected through the ventilation hole with a bolt-like connector, and the perforation and the support sandwich the periphery of the ventilation hole of the ridge tile.
The perforated plate can be attached by simply connecting it to the support with a connecting tool such as a bolt, and at the same time, the ridge tile can be attached by holding the ridge tile between the perforated plate and the support.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は従来の棟瓦を示す概略断面図、第２図
は本考案の一実施例を示す正面から見た断面図、
第３図は同上の側面から見た断面図、第４図は同
上の分解斜視図、第５図は同上に用いる目皿及び
支持具の斜視図、第６図は同上の他の実施例の正
面から見た断面図、第７図は同上の分解斜視図、
第８図は同上の目皿に設けた垂下片と筒状縁との
レベルの関係例を示す説明図であつて、１は屋
根、２は通気口、３は水切板、４は換気口、５は
棟瓦、６は支持具、７は目皿、８は連結具、Ａは
垂下片である。 Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional ridge tile, Fig. 2 is a sectional view seen from the front showing an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3 is a sectional view of the same as seen from the side, Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the same, Figure 5 is a perspective view of a perforated plate and support used in the same, and Figure 6 is another embodiment of the same. A sectional view seen from the front, Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of the same as above,
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the level relationship between the hanging piece provided on the perforated plate and the cylindrical edge, in which 1 is the roof, 2 is the vent, 3 is the drain plate, 4 is the vent, 5 is a ridge tile, 6 is a support, 7 is a perforation, 8 is a connector, and A is a hanging piece.

Claims (1)

【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request] 屋根の棟を跨いで配置され棟の頂部に対応する
位置で上下に貫通する通気口が設けられた水切板
と、水切板の上面を覆い棟の頂部に対応する位置
で上下に貫通する換気口が設けられた棟瓦と、棟
瓦と水切板との間に配置されて棟瓦を支持すると
ともに水切板の下の屋根上に固定された横材に水
切板を介して固定される支持具と、棟瓦上面に配
置された換気口を覆う目皿とで構成され、通気口
と換気口とが棟の長手方向に沿つてずれた位置に
配置され、通気口と換気口とを通して小屋裏と戸
外とが連通し、支持具と目皿とを換気口を通して
ボルトのような連結具で連結して目皿と支持具と
で棟瓦の換気口周縁部を挟持し、目皿の下面外周
部付近の少なくとも棟の長手方向と直交する方向
の両側より垂下片を垂設して成る屋根の換気構
造。 A draining board that is placed across the ridge of the roof and has a ventilation hole that penetrates vertically at a position corresponding to the top of the ridge, and a ventilation hole that covers the top surface of the draining board and penetrates vertically at a position that corresponds to the top of the ridge. A ridge tile provided with a ridge tile, a support that is placed between the ridge tile and the draining board to support the ridge tile, and is fixed via the draining board to a horizontal member fixed on the roof below the draining board, and a ridge tile. It consists of a perforated plate that covers the ventilation opening placed on the top surface, and the ventilation opening and the ventilation opening are placed at offset positions along the longitudinal direction of the ridge, and the attic and the outdoors are connected through the ventilation opening and the ventilation opening. The support and the perforation plate are connected through the ventilation hole with a connector such as a bolt, and the perforation plate and the support sandwich the periphery of the ventilation hole of the ridge tile. A roof ventilation structure consisting of hanging pieces hanging from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the roof.