JPS6134148A - Sliding contact material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a sliding contact material hardly causing agglutination and having superior wear resistance by adding specified percentages of Cu, Cd, Zn, Si, Zr, Bi, Ge and Ga to Ag. CONSTITUTION:The sliding contact material having low and stable contact resistance as well as reduced agglutination and improved wear resistance is obtd. by adding 3-12wt% Cu, 0.1-5wt% Cd, 1-7wt% Zn and 0.5-5wt% at least one among Si, Zr, Bi, Ge and Ga to Ag. When a part of the added elements, is substituted with 0.01-0.5wt% Fe group element such as Fe, Ni or Co crystal grains are made fine and the wear resistance can be improved further.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、すり接点材料の改良に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to improvements in sliding contact materials.

（従来技術と問題点） 従来よりすり接点材料の一つとしてＡｇ−Ｃｄ合金が用
いられてきたが、Ａｇ−Ｃｄ合金はすり動作時に凝着し
耐摩耗性が十分でなく、このＡｇ−Ｃｄ合金で小型モー
タの整流子の外周の接点片を製作して使用した場合には
刷子接点とのすり動作により摩耗粉が生じ、ノイズ発生
の原因となっていた。(Prior art and problems) Ag-Cd alloy has conventionally been used as one of the sliding contact materials, but Ag-Cd alloy adheres during sliding operation and does not have sufficient wear resistance. When a contact piece for the outer periphery of a commutator of a small motor is made of alloy and used, abrasion powder is generated due to the sliding action with the brush contact, which causes noise generation.

（発明の目的） 本発明はかかる欠点を解消すべくなされたものであり、
Ａｇ−Ｃｄ合金の凝着性を抑え耐摩耗性を向上させると
共に接触抵抗を低く安定させたすり接点材料を提供せん
とするものである。(Object of the invention) The present invention has been made to eliminate such drawbacks,
The object of the present invention is to provide a sliding contact material that suppresses the adhesion of Ag-Cd alloys, improves wear resistance, and has low and stable contact resistance.

（発明の構成） 本発明のすり接点材料は、Ａｇ中に、Ｃｕを３〜１２重
量％とＣｄを０．１〜５重量％とＺｎを１〜７重量％と
、Ｓｔ、Ｚｒ、Ｂｉ、Ｇｅ、Ｇａの少なくとも一種を０
．５〜５重量％添加して成るものである。(Structure of the Invention) The sliding contact material of the present invention contains 3 to 12% by weight of Cu, 0.1 to 5% by weight of Cd, 1 to 7% by weight of Zn, St, Zr, Bi, At least one of Ge and Ga is 0
．． It is made by adding 5 to 5% by weight.

また本発明のすり接点材料の前記添加元素の一部を０．
０１〜０，５重量％の範囲でＦｅ族元素（Ｆｅ。Further, some of the additive elements of the sliding contact material of the present invention are 0.
Fe group element (Fe.

Ｎｉ、Ｃｏ）に置換しても良いものである。Ni, Co) may be substituted.

かかる本発明のすり接点材料に於いて、Ａｇ中に０．１
〜５重量％のＣｄを添加する以外に３〜１２重量％のＣ
ｕを添加するのは、Ａｇ−Ｃｄ合金の硬さを増して耐摩
耗性を向上させる為で、３重量％未満ではその効果が現
われず、１２重量％を超えると酸化物の生成量が多くな
り接触抵抗が高く不安定になるものである。また１〜７
重量％のＺｎを添加するのは、Ａｇ−Ｃｄ合金の耐凝着
性を高めて耐摩耗性を向上させる為で、１重量％未満で
はその効果が現われず、７重量％を超えると酸化物の生
成量が多くなり接触抵抗が高く不安定になるものである
。またさらにＳｔ、Ｚｒ、Ｂｉ、ＧｅＧａの少なくとも
一種を０．５〜５重量％添加するのは、すり動作中に発
生する前記元素の酸化物が潤滑剤として作用し耐摩耗性
を向上させる為で、０．５重量％未満ではＡｇ−Ｃｄ合
金の凝着性を抑えることができなく、耐摩耗性が向上せ
ず、５重量％を超えると、酸化物の発生量が多く接触抵
抗が高く、不安定になるものである。さらに前記添加元
素の一部を０．０１〜０．５重量％の範囲でＦｅ族元素
（Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｇｏ）に置換した場合には、結晶粒を微
細化でき一段と耐摩耗性を向上できるもので、０．０１
重量％未満では結晶粒を微細化できず、０．５重量％を
超えると合金せず、Ａｇ中に単体で大きな塊りとして析
出し、接触抵抗が高く且つばらつきが大きく不安定とな
るものである。In the sliding contact material of the present invention, 0.1
3-12 wt% C in addition to adding ~5 wt% Cd
The reason why u is added is to increase the hardness of the Ag-Cd alloy and improve its wear resistance.If it is less than 3% by weight, this effect will not appear, and if it exceeds 12% by weight, a large amount of oxides will be produced. This results in high contact resistance and instability. Also 1-7
The purpose of adding % by weight of Zn is to increase the adhesion resistance of the Ag-Cd alloy and improve its wear resistance.If it is less than 1% by weight, the effect will not be apparent, and if it exceeds 7% by weight, oxides will form. The amount of produced is large, resulting in high contact resistance and instability. Furthermore, the reason for adding 0.5 to 5% by weight of at least one of St, Zr, Bi, and GeGa is that oxides of the above elements generated during the sliding action act as a lubricant and improve wear resistance. If it is less than 0.5% by weight, the adhesion of the Ag-Cd alloy cannot be suppressed and the wear resistance will not improve, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, the amount of oxides generated is large and the contact resistance is high. It becomes unstable. Furthermore, when some of the above-mentioned additive elements are replaced with Fe group elements (Fe, Ni, Go) in the range of 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, the crystal grains can be made finer and the wear resistance can be further improved. It is 0.01
If it is less than 0.5% by weight, it will not be possible to refine the crystal grains, and if it exceeds 0.5% by weight, it will not form an alloy and will precipitate as a single large lump in Ag, resulting in high contact resistance, large variations, and instability. be.

（実施例及び従来例） 後記の表の右欄に示す成分組成の本発明の実施例である
すり接点材料と従来例のすり接点材料にて、図面に示す
如く小型モータの直径１２ｆｉ、長さ８鰭の整流子１の
外周に厚さ２ｆｉの接点片１ａが形成され、この接点片
１ａの外周面の上下に、Ａｕ−Ａｇ−Ｃｕ−ｐｔより成
る直径Ｑ、７ｍｍ、長さ８鶴の２本の刷子線材２を有す
る刷子接点３を相対向するようにすり接触させて、後記
の試験条件にて整流子ｌの回転試験を行い、接点片１ａ
の摩耗量と接触抵抗を測定した処、後記の表の右欄に示
すような結果を得た。(Example and Conventional Example) Using a sliding contact material according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional sliding contact material having the compositions shown in the right column of the table below, a small motor with a diameter of 12fi and a length as shown in the drawings was used. A contact piece 1a with a thickness of 2fi is formed on the outer periphery of the commutator 1 with 8 fins, and a contact piece 1a with a diameter Q of 7 mm and a length of 8 pieces made of Au-Ag-Cu-pt is formed above and below the outer peripheral surface of the contact piece 1a. The brush contacts 3 having two brush wires 2 were brought into sliding contact so as to face each other, and a rotation test was conducted on the commutator l under the test conditions described later.
The wear amount and contact resistance were measured, and the results shown in the right column of the table below were obtained.

試験条件 電　　　　圧：ＤＣ１２Ｖ 電　　　　流：　　０．６Ａ 整流子の回転数：　１０００ｒ　ｐ　ｍ整流子の回転時
間＝７時間 刷子接点の接触カニ　　１００ｇ 前記の表で明らかなように従来例の接点片の摩耗量に比
べ、実施例の接点片の摩耗量は著しく減少していて耐摩
耗性に優れていることが判る。また従来例の接点片を有
する整流子の接触抵抗に対し、実施例の接点片を有する
整流子の接触抵抗は低く安定していることが判る。Test conditions Voltage: DC12V Current: 0.6A Commutator rotation speed: 1000rpm Commutator rotation time = 7 hours Contact crab of brush contact 100g As is clear from the table above, the wear of the contact piece of the conventional example It can be seen that the amount of wear of the contact piece of the example is significantly reduced compared to the amount of wear, indicating that the contact piece of the example has excellent wear resistance. Furthermore, it can be seen that the contact resistance of the commutator having the contact pieces of the example is lower and more stable than the contact resistance of the commutator having the contact pieces of the conventional example.

（発明の効果） 以上詳記した通り本発明のすり接点材料は、凝着しにく
く耐摩耗性に優れているので、これにより作った小型モ
ータの整流子の接点片は刷子接点とのすり動作時摩耗粉
の発生が極めて少なく、従ってノイズが発生することが
なく、接触抵抗が低く安定している等の優れた効果があ
る。(Effects of the Invention) As detailed above, the sliding contact material of the present invention is resistant to adhesion and has excellent wear resistance, so the contact piece of the commutator of a small motor made using this material has sliding action with the brush contact. There are excellent effects such as extremely little generation of abrasion powder, therefore no noise, and low and stable contact resistance.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図は小型モータの整流子と刷子接点との接触状態を示す
斜視図である。 １−−−−ｍ整流子、１ａ−−−−一接点片、２−−−
−ｍ−刷子線材、３−−−−−刷子接点。The figure is a perspective view showing the state of contact between the commutator and brush contacts of a small motor. 1---m commutator, 1a---one contact piece, 2---
-m-brush wire, 3--brush contact.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １）Ａｇ中に、Ｃｕを３〜１２重量％とＣｄを０．１〜
５重量％とＺｎを１〜７重量％と、Ｓｉ、Ｚｒ、Ｂｉ、
Ｇｅ、Ｇａの少なくとも一種を０．５〜５重量％添加し
て成るすり接点材料。 ２）上記添加元素の一部が０．０１〜０．５重量％の範
囲でＦｅ族元素に置換されていることを特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第１項記載のすり接点材料。[Claims] 1) 3 to 12% by weight of Cu and 0.1 to 0.1 to 12% by weight of Cd in Ag
5% by weight and 1 to 7% by weight of Zn, Si, Zr, Bi,
A sliding contact material containing 0.5 to 5% by weight of at least one of Ge and Ga. 2) The sliding contact material according to claim 1, wherein a part of the additional element is substituted with an Fe group element in a range of 0.01 to 0.5% by weight.