JPS6129085A - Ignition plug for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Ignition plug for internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
JPS6129085A
JPS6129085A JP15068484A JP15068484A JPS6129085A JP S6129085 A JPS6129085 A JP S6129085A JP 15068484 A JP15068484 A JP 15068484A JP 15068484 A JP15068484 A JP 15068484A JP S6129085 A JPS6129085 A JP S6129085A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
insulator
ignition plug
leg
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP15068484A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
高村 鋼三
柳沢 孝典
二宮 豊
寛治 樋口
石黒 友乙
鈴木 教友
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denso Corp
Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
Original Assignee
Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
NipponDenso Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc, NipponDenso Co Ltd filed Critical Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
Priority to JP15068484A priority Critical patent/JPS6129085A/en
Publication of JPS6129085A publication Critical patent/JPS6129085A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。
(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (イ)産業上の利用分野 本発明は内燃機関用の点火栓(以下スパークプラグど称
1j)に係り、特にスパーク−1ラグの耐?’t1(目
11向1をバする改善に関Jる1、(+−1)従来の技
術 内燃奢幾関用のスパークプラグは、ぞの電極間の火花間
隙で高電圧の印加による絶縁破壊、即ち放電が行われる
ことによって燃焼室内の混合気に着火するものであるが
、内燃機関の運転条f1によって種々の影響を受けるこ
とが知られている。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a spark plug for an internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as a spark plug 1j), and in particular spark plug 1j. 't1 (Improvement to improve direction 1) (+-1) Conventional technology Spark plugs for internal combustion engines suffer dielectric breakdown due to the application of high voltage in the spark gap between the electrodes. That is, the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber is ignited by discharge, but it is known that it is affected in various ways by the operating conditions f1 of the internal combustion engine.

これら運転条件による影響の中でも、特に燃焼生成物の
イ(1着にJ:る汚損は、失火等スパークプラグの機能
そのものを損う問題となる。これは、内燃機関が低速運
転を継続づる場合等、スパークプラグの受(プる熱量が
少なく従って湿度が低い運転条件の下で顕箸である。こ
の様な運転状況下て′は、燃焼室に露出した中心電極の
絶縁碍子にイ」衿するカーボン、水等の燃焼生成物は、
焼失でることなくu部表面にj(f積される。力電性で
あるj8積物によって碍子表面が覆われその絶縁抵抗が
約1MΩ以下に低下すると、火花間隙ぐの放電が困難ど
なって混合気への正常な着火が行われず、ついには内燃
機関の運転が出来イ丁<<’Cイ)という事態にまで)
1する。この現象は、自動重用の内燃機関を例にとると
、交通渋811等にJ、る低速フロン[I運転の場合或
は各のIし海道の如き寒冷地におりる運転で頓発する。
Among the effects of these operating conditions, contamination of combustion products, in particular, can cause problems such as misfires and impair the spark plug's function itself.This is especially true when the internal combustion engine continues to operate at low speed. etc., under operating conditions where the amount of heat drawn from the spark plug receiver is small and therefore humidity is low. Under such operating conditions, the insulator of the center electrode exposed to the combustion chamber is The combustion products such as carbon and water are
J(f) product is generated on the surface of part u without being burnt out. When the insulator surface is covered with the electrostatic j8 product and its insulation resistance decreases to about 1 MΩ or less, it becomes difficult to discharge across the spark gap. Normal ignition of the air-fuel mixture did not occur, and the internal combustion engine finally became unable to operate.
Do 1. For example, in an internal combustion engine for automatic heavy use, this phenomenon occurs when driving at low speeds such as traffic jams, or when driving in cold regions such as highways.

この問題の対策として、従来、中心電極の絶縁碍子脚部
を取り囲むプラグハウジング端部の間口面積を小さくし
て、汚損物を含む燃焼ガスの流入を抑制づる方法が捉案
されている。J:だ、絶縁碍子表面への鉛付着の防止の
ため、凹凸を設けて燃焼ガスの流入を抑制する方法が実
開昭55−71/181月公報に示されている。
As a countermeasure to this problem, a method has conventionally been proposed in which the opening area of the end of the plug housing surrounding the insulator leg of the center electrode is reduced to suppress the inflow of combustion gas containing contaminants. J: In order to prevent lead from adhering to the surface of an insulator, a method of suppressing the inflow of combustion gas by providing unevenness is disclosed in the Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1983-1971/181.

(ハ)発明が解決しようとJる問題点 しかし、上述の対策のうち前者の方法では、カーボン等
の汚損物がイ」着しない場合でも碍子の脚部とハウジン
グ端部間の開口狭部で生じ易く、混合気への正常な着火
が妨げられるという問題がある。また、1殺者の方法は
鉛付着の抑制を対象とするものであって、単に凹凸を碍
子の脚部表面に形成するだけではその効果が比較的薄く
、またスパークプラグの熱特性に対しても大きく影響す
ることが本発明者等によって解明された。
(c) Problems that the invention seeks to solve However, with the first method of the above-mentioned measures, even if contaminants such as carbon do not adhere to the narrow opening between the insulator leg and the housing end, This is a problem that occurs easily and prevents normal ignition of the air-fuel mixture. In addition, the first-killer method is aimed at suppressing lead adhesion, and simply forming unevenness on the surface of the insulator leg has a relatively weak effect, and it also affects the thermal characteristics of the spark plug. The present inventors have discovered that this also has a large effect on

これらの問題fatに鑑みて、寒冷地の運転で絶縁抵抗
の低下したスパークプラグを採取し、ハウジングの取(
=j金具部を切取って絶縁性を保持すべぎ碍子脚部を目
視すると、殆との場合煤の付着で黒色を!?シている。
In view of these problems, spark plugs with reduced insulation resistance due to operation in cold regions were collected, and the housing was removed.
=J Cut out the metal fittings to maintain insulation. When you visually inspect the insulator legs, they are mostly black due to soot! ? It's happening.

この様な外観を呈するスパークプラグでも、第12図に
示づ如く絶縁碍子の脚部を区分して脚部全域の電気抵抗
分布を測定り−るど、第13a図から第13b図の脚部
表面展開図に見られる様に必ずしも同じ状態を示すもの
ばかりでないことが判る。
Even with spark plugs that have this kind of appearance, if you divide the legs of the insulator as shown in Figure 12 and measure the electrical resistance distribution over the entire leg area, the legs as shown in Figures 13a to 13b. As seen in the surface development diagram, it can be seen that they do not necessarily show the same state.

絶縁抵抗値が100MΩより高い場合の碍子脚−5= 部表面では、第133a図に示されるJ:うな電気抵抗
分布が得られる。碍子脚部の円周上はほぼ均等に汚れ、
内部(脚部の基部側)に移るに従って高い抵抗値どなっ
ている。しかしながら、絶縁抵抗値が1MOより低く正
常な点火に対して支障どなる場合には、第13b図に見
られるように煤による低抵抗部の一端が内部に向って異
常な伸びを示しており、その先端は基部の金具の場所に
極めて近い。
When the insulation resistance value is higher than 100 MΩ, the electric resistance distribution shown in FIG. 133a is obtained on the surface of the insulator leg -5=. The circumference of the insulator leg is almost evenly soiled,
The resistance value becomes higher as you move towards the inside (toward the base of the leg). However, if the insulation resistance value is lower than 1 MO and poses a problem for normal ignition, one end of the low resistance part due to soot will abnormally extend inward, as shown in Figure 13b. The tip is very close to the location of the base metal fitting.

この低抵抗部の伸長現象は、内燃機関の吸排気孔の位置
やスパークプラグの接地電極の立」ニリ場所に起因しで
、碍子脚部(特にその先端)に不均一な煤による汚旧が
生ずることに端を発する。不均一な汚損が−U生じると
その汚損場所での電界強度が強まり、その先端に各種イ
オン種ならびに帯電した煤粒子などが静電捕集される。
This phenomenon of elongation of the low-resistance part is caused by the position of the intake and exhaust holes of the internal combustion engine and the erect position of the ground electrode of the spark plug, resulting in uneven soot staining on the insulator leg (especially its tip). It all stems from this. When non-uniform contamination occurs, the electric field strength at the site of contamination increases, and various ion species and charged soot particles are electrostatically collected at the tip of the field.

この過程の反復継続によって低抵抗部の先端が伸長し、
また碍子脚部の基部側では水分などが凝縮されるものと
Jlf定される。伸長した低抵抗部は漏洩電流にJ:る
ジ:l−ル熱で炭素化され、さらに良導部へと−6= lする。この際に畝或はニッケル等の遷移金属が存在づ
ると、汚損物の黒鉛化を促進させる触媒として作用りる
ことは古くから知られ−Cいるところである。
By continuing to repeat this process, the tip of the low resistance part expands,
Further, it is determined that moisture etc. are condensed on the base side of the insulator leg. The elongated low-resistance part is carbonized by J:l heat caused by the leakage current, and further becomes -6=l into a good-conducting part. At this time, it has been known for a long time that if a transition metal such as nickel is present, it acts as a catalyst to promote graphitization of the contaminants.

(ニ)問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は、−F述の如ぎ炭素を主成分とした低抵抗物質
の碍子脚部の基部側への伸長を抑制してイの絶縁性を確
保することを眼目とし、内燃機関の円滑な作動を可能に
J−るスパークプラグを提供することを目的どする。
(d) Means for solving the problems The present invention suppresses the extension of the insulator legs made of a low-resistance material mainly composed of carbon toward the base side, as described in -F, and secures the insulation properties of (A). The object of the present invention is to provide a spark plug that enables smooth operation of an internal combustion engine.

そのための第1の方策は燃焼ガスを自由に基81(側へ
流れさI!ないことにあり、第2の方策は、万一碍子脚
部の基部側に低抵抗部が形成されたとしても、イの形成
初期に低い放電1−ネル1”−で同物質を焼失或は睨時
に飛散さけることにある。これらを満足させるためには
スパークプラグの碍子脚部おにびハウジングの形状に変
化をりえることが必要であり、第1の方策に関しては燃
焼ガスの流れを妨げるような障壁を形成づることが有効
である。その障壁の形状、配置は種々考え得るが、ガス
流を碍子脚部の基部側に直進ざゼないJ:うな凸形状で
あれば脚部の1(手方向に対し平行に配置される場合を
除ぎ総べて効果があるど言える。この凸形状のl Qj
の形成により基部側の煤などで汚損され難い領域は広め
られるが、碍子脚部の先端ならびに中央部での汚損領域
は第i3c図に見られる如く逆に若干拡張されることに
なる。しかしながら、点火が正常に行われれば時間の経
過に伴4Tって碍子脚部の温度も次第に」−貸し、汚損
物が焼失してその絶縁11は自己回復する。
The first measure for this is to prevent the combustion gas from flowing freely to the base 81 (I! The goal is to avoid scattering the same material during burning or glaring with a low discharge 1" at the initial stage of formation of the spark plug. In order to satisfy these requirements, the shape of the insulator leg and housing of the spark plug must be changed. Regarding the first measure, it is effective to form a barrier that obstructs the flow of combustion gas. Various shapes and arrangements of the barrier can be considered, but it is necessary to J: If it is a convex shape, it can be said that it is effective in all cases except when it is placed parallel to the hand direction.
By forming this, the area on the base side that is difficult to be contaminated by soot etc. is expanded, but on the contrary, the contaminated area at the tip and center of the insulator leg is slightly expanded as shown in Fig. i3c. However, if ignition is performed normally, the temperature of the insulator leg will gradually increase over time, the contaminants will be burned out, and the insulation 11 will recover itself.

一方、第2の方策に対しては沿面におcJる火花放電が
電界の集中した最短距頗でなされる点を利I111Jる
し)のである。即ち、第13(1図に示される仔に、l
I!1了脚部の基部側に煤が何着した場合でも/+Q 
71?に、1:り凸形状の障壁上の汚損物質を焼失ある
いcrt飛散さUるだI)で十分であり、適切な配置で
障壁を形成することによって煤の除去が極めて右利に行
なえるものである。
On the other hand, the advantage of the second method is that the spark discharge along the creeping surface occurs over the shortest distance where the electric field is concentrated. That is, in the 13th pup (shown in Figure 1, l
I! 1. No matter how much soot gets on the base side of the leg/+Q
71? 1) It is sufficient to burn off the contaminants on the convex-shaped barrier or scatter the contaminants onto the cradles (I), and by forming the barrier in an appropriate arrangement, soot can be removed extremely efficiently. It is something.

従って、前述の目的を達成するため本発明に係るスパー
クプラグでは、中心電極と、この中心電極の一端を内燃
機関の燃焼室内へ霞出さ1!るJ、う中心電極の周囲t
mう脚部分を1l−1Jイシ絶縁体と、中心電極の一端
ど対向り−るJ:う配設された外側電極を備えかつ燃焼
室内へ露出される絶縁体の脚部分を取り巻いてこの脚部
分の周囲に空隙を設けるよう配置されたハウジングとを
有する構成を備える。さらに、絶縁体の脚部分にはこの
脚部分の外周をとりまくようその長手方向に沿って交互
に配置された複数の突条を備える凹凸部が設()られる
Therefore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the spark plug according to the present invention, the center electrode and one end of the center electrode are introduced into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. J, around the center electrode t
The leg portion of the insulator is placed opposite to one end of the center electrode, and the leg portion of the insulator is surrounded by the leg portion of the insulator that is exposed inside the combustion chamber. and a housing arranged to provide a gap around the portion. Further, the leg portion of the insulator is provided with an uneven portion including a plurality of protrusions alternately arranged along the longitudinal direction so as to surround the outer periphery of the leg portion.

この凹凸部は、その端部がハウジングの端面から少なく
とも2.5mm隔った位置にあり、かつ突条の形成によ
る脚部分の長手方向の沿面距頭の増加が1,5mI以内
であるように形成されることを特徴とする。
The uneven portion is such that its end portion is located at least 2.5 mm away from the end surface of the housing, and that the increase in creepage head in the longitudinal direction of the leg portion due to the formation of the protrusion is within 1.5 mI. It is characterized by being formed.

(ホ)実施例 以下、本発明を添付の図面に示される実施例に基づいて
詳細に説明する。
(e) Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on examples shown in the accompanying drawings.

第1図は本発明を自動車等の内燃機関用のスパークプラ
グに適用した場合の全体構成を示す部分切取側面図で、
本実施例は絶縁釣部部分を除いてjI+木的に13L従
東のものどほぼ同様な構成を右Mる。
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing the overall configuration when the present invention is applied to a spark plug for an internal combustion engine such as an automobile.
This embodiment has almost the same structure as the jI + 13L Juto, except for the insulating fishing part.

参照荀I43はれ1通孔を4+覆るほぼ筒状の絶縁v、
1了を示し、同1.U子はアルミノ質しラミツク等から
成り、ぞの上部外周に(よ熱h’1敗用の凹凸部が形成
されている。絶縁(ジノ了3の縦通イト1一部を導電性
、のステム4が延び、縦通孔下部には中心電極1が収容
される。絶縁碍子3の下部は、この中心電極を囲んで延
びる様に細長い脚部3aに成形される。
Reference Xun I43 Approximately cylindrical insulation v covering 4+ holes of 1 swell,
Showing 1 completion, same 1. The U-piece is made of aluminium, laminate, etc., and has an uneven part formed on its upper outer periphery (for heat resistance). The stem 4 extends, and the center electrode 1 is housed in the lower part of the vertical hole.The lower part of the insulator 3 is formed into an elongated leg part 3a so as to extend around the center electrode.

中心電極1はその一部が碍子脚部3aの先端」:り突出
しており、イの上端はステム4の下端に電気的に接続さ
れている。また、ステム4の上端にはターミナル5が装
着される。縦通孔内の中心型(Φ1と絶縁碍子3との間
に、参照’fJ弓10で示されるように気密保持の目的
でガラスシールが充てんされる。
A portion of the center electrode 1 protrudes from the tip of the insulator leg 3a, and its upper end is electrically connected to the lower end of the stem 4. Further, a terminal 5 is attached to the upper end of the stem 4. A glass seal is filled between the central die (Φ1) and the insulator 3 in the vertical hole for the purpose of airtightness, as shown in reference 'fJ bow 10.

絶縁碍子3の下部周囲に、参照符号6で示される導電金
属製のハウジングが取付けられている。
A conductive metal housing indicated by reference numeral 6 is attached around the lower part of the insulator 3.

ハウジング6の−f fVIは取付■貝係合用のナツト
部に成形され、下部の外周にはこのスパークプラグを内
燃機関へ取t1けるためのネジがδ9I]られる。
-ffVI of the housing 6 is formed into a nut portion for engaging the mounting shell, and a screw δ9I for attaching the spark plug to the internal combustion engine is provided on the outer periphery of the lower part.

ハウジング6の下部は碍子脚部3aの外径よりも大ぎな
内径を有しかつ同脚部の先端近くまで延びる筒形に形成
されており、碍子脚部3aとハウジング6下部の間には
内燃機関の燃焼室に臨む空隙、即らハウジングポケット
6bが画定される。また、ハウジング6の下線部からは
中心電極1と対向するJ:うに外側電極9が延ばされて
おり、両者の間に火花間隙2が設定される。
The lower part of the housing 6 is formed into a cylindrical shape that has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the insulator leg 3a and extends to near the tip of the leg. A cavity, ie, a housing pocket 6b, facing the combustion chamber of the engine is defined. Furthermore, an outer electrode 9 that faces the center electrode 1 extends from the underlined portion of the housing 6, and a spark gap 2 is set between the two.

一方、ハウジングポケット6b内の碍子脚部3aは、そ
の外周面を複数個の所定寸法の突条を含む凹凸部の形状
(以下]ルゲーション3hと称す)に成形されている。
On the other hand, the outer peripheral surface of the insulator leg 3a in the housing pocket 6b is formed into an uneven shape (hereinafter referred to as rugation 3h) including a plurality of protrusions of a predetermined size.

]ルゲーション3 bの凹凸部は、突条の各々が碍子脚
部3の周囲を環状に取り巻いて同脚部の周方向へ延び、
また凹部と突条すなわら凸部どが同脚部の長手方向に沿
って交互に連続iノで延びるように形成される。本発明
の場合の=1ルゲーションの形成は、後段で詳細に説明
される如く、碍子脚部3aの先端から所定距離1−はt
kれた部位においてかつ所定のへ1法で行われている。
] The uneven portion of the rugation 3b is such that each of the protrusions surrounds the insulator leg 3 in an annular shape and extends in the circumferential direction of the leg,
Further, the recesses and the protrusions or protrusions are formed so as to alternately and continuously extend along the longitudinal direction of the leg. In the case of the present invention, the =1 rugation is formed by a predetermined distance 1- from the tip of the insulator leg 3a, as will be explained in detail later.
It is performed in a predetermined area using a predetermined technique.

第2図および第3図は従来の汚損対策を施されたスパー
クプラグの碍子脚部付近を−ぞれぞれ拡大して示すもの
で、これらの図中の実施例と同様な部分には同一の参照
符号がイ1されている。第2図の従来例は、ハウジング
6の下端に張出部6Cを設置ノハウジングポケットの間
口を狭めてカーボン等の生成物を含む燃焼ガスの流入を
抑制することにより、碍子脚部3aの汚損およびそれに
伴う不具合の防止を816ものである。しかし、この構
成では、汚損が生じない場合でも前述の如く張出部6C
の角部分6dど碍子脚部3aの表面との間で放電が生じ
易く、混合気への着火が正常におこなわれにくく、エン
ジン性能の低下をIn <という傾向がある。また、第
3図に示される従来例では、鉛(=J着の防1にを目的
どしてハウジングボケツ1へ内で碍子脚部3aの外周表
面のほぼ全長にわたって環状の凹凸部が交Hに連続して
設(jられている。
Figures 2 and 3 are enlarged views of the vicinity of the insulator leg of a spark plug with conventional anti-fouling measures. The reference number is 1. In the conventional example shown in FIG. 2, a projecting portion 6C is installed at the lower end of the housing 6, and the frontage of the housing pocket is narrowed to suppress the inflow of combustion gas containing products such as carbon, thereby preventing contamination of the insulator leg portion 3a. 816 measures are taken to prevent problems associated with this. However, with this configuration, even if no staining occurs, the overhanging portion 6C is
Electric discharge is likely to occur between the corner portion 6d and the surface of the insulator leg portion 3a, making it difficult to ignite the air-fuel mixture normally, which tends to reduce engine performance. In addition, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, an annular uneven portion is formed within the housing pocket 1 over almost the entire length of the outer circumferential surface of the insulator leg portion 3a for the purpose of preventing lead (=J) adhesion. Continuously set (j).

この構成は燃焼ガスの流入に対して凸部で四部を遮へい
して四部の汚1(1を抑制し、かつ凹凸部の形成による
沿面に’lI対1の増加で碍子脚部3aの基部側部分3
Cと先端部分間の実質的絶縁抵抗の増加を泊るものであ
る。しかしながら、本発明の基礎をなす解析によれば、
」ルゲーションの形状、設置位置等は汚損の抑制と共に
スパークプラグの熱特性にも影響するものであり、単に
設置するだ番]では効果が薄いことが明らかと(−1つ
だ。
This configuration prevents contamination on the four parts by shielding the four parts with the convex parts from the inflow of combustion gas, and increases the ratio of 'lI to 1 on the creeping surface due to the formation of the uneven parts on the base side of the insulator leg part 3a. part 3
This results in a substantial increase in insulation resistance between C and the tip. However, according to the analysis underlying the present invention:
The shape, installation location, etc. of the rugation affect the thermal characteristics of the spark plug as well as the prevention of contamination, and it is clear that simply installing it will have little effect (-1).

次に、本発明の1;4礎をf、にη解析おJ:びこれに
早づり]1ルゲーシ:]ンの形状、位置等の設置条f1
に′)い゛C説明りる。
Next, we will analyze the 1 and 4 foundations of the present invention into f, and the installation conditions such as the shape and position of
I'll explain.

上記解析は、異イv8段問条1′1の二]ルゲーシ]ン
を有づる数種類の評1111iプラグを試験用内燃機関
に取付()て作動させ、その結果得られl〔種々のデー
タを検問、評価することにより行われた。試験用内燃機
関として水冷4リ−イクル、総り]気早1800ccの
自動車用エンジンが用いられ、評価条件は舛気温−10
℃で評価時の油温、水温ども=10℃°!−2℃であっ
た。評価データを得る試験用内燃機関の作動は、アイド
ル−レーシング−軽負荷(R大速度20Km /h )
の加減速を繰返すパターン運転を行うものとし/C0評
価プラグは、自動車用どじで最も適応可能エンジンの多
いW16EX−U(日本電装株式会社製、形式名)を基
本型式とし、その碍子脚部に数種の形状の]ルゲーショ
ンを設けたものを使用した。なお、」:述のパターン運
転によるスパークプラグの汚損試験と同時に、高負荷時
の熱特性(以1;熱価と称す)の評価をイJ1【!で行
った。
The above analysis was performed by installing () several types of 1111i plugs with different engine types in a test internal combustion engine and using various data. This was done through inspection and evaluation. A water-cooled 4-recycle, 1800 cc automobile engine was used as the test internal combustion engine, and the evaluation conditions were: -10
Oil temperature and water temperature at the time of evaluation in °C = 10 °C°! It was -2°C. The operation of the test internal combustion engine for obtaining evaluation data was idle - racing - light load (R high speed 20 km / h)
The basic model of the C0 evaluation plug is W16EX-U (manufactured by Nippon Denso Co., Ltd., model name), which is the most applicable engine for automobiles, and the insulator leg is Several types of rugations were used. In addition, at the same time as the spark plug fouling test using the pattern operation described above, the thermal characteristics (hereinafter referred to as 1; heat value) under high load were evaluated. I went there.

第71a図、第4b図おJ:び第4C図tま評価プラグ
に設置J tうれた」ルゲーシ三]ンの断面形状を示寸
ムのである。これら]ルゲーションの設置は、碍子脚部
の沿面外1l111′?Iなわ15表面積を増大させる
ものであるため、碍子脚部の冷却性に関連し熱価への影
響が大きい。このv3響をあられしているのが第5図で
1回図は第4a図の形状の]ルゲーションを備えた評価
プラグにおける絶縁距離(沿面外1111 >の増加と
熱価の関係を示している。この線図において、縦軸はス
パークプラグの熱価をエンジンの点火時期(クランク角
度)であられしたものであり、各データは同一の絶縁距
離についてそれぞれ4回採ってその最大値と最小値が表
示されている。図から明らかな様に、各データ間には多
少のバラツキが有るものの絶縁距離の増加とともに熱価
が低下する傾向が有り、コルゲーションの形成による絶
縁距離の増加はl+m〜1.5ml+程度の範囲内にお
さえるべきであることがわかる。
Figures 71a, 4b and 4c show the cross-sectional shape of the plug installed in the evaluation plug. Is the rugation installed outside the creeping surface of the insulator leg? Since it increases the surface area of the I rope 15, it has a large effect on the heat value in relation to the cooling performance of the insulator legs. Figure 5 shows the relationship between the increase in insulation distance (outside creepage 1111) and the heat value in an evaluation plug equipped with a rugation of the shape shown in Figure 4a. In this diagram, the vertical axis is the heat value of the spark plug multiplied by the engine's ignition timing (crank angle), and each data is measured four times at the same insulation distance, and its maximum and minimum values are calculated. As is clear from the figure, although there is some variation between each data, there is a tendency for the heat value to decrease as the insulation distance increases, and the increase in insulation distance due to the formation of corrugations is l + m ~ 1 It can be seen that the amount should be kept within a range of about .5ml+.

一方、汚損性に関して、コルゲーションがなくかつハウ
ジング端面からの碍子突出量が異なる3種の評価プラグ
を試験用内燃機関において前述の作動条件で汚損さゼた
後、ハウジング端面からの寸法(に応じて絶縁抵抗を測
定した。第6図はその結果を示す線図で、同図中に見ら
れる如く碍子突出量aが2.5mm15mmおにび0m
l11のいずれのスパークプラグでもハウジング端面か
らの寸法が約2 、511111= 4 mmの範囲内
で1MΩ以下の絶縁抵抗となっており、寸法eが0−約
2.5111mの範囲に特に汚損物付着の多いことが読
み取れる。これはまた、ハウジング端面から約2,51
Bll1以内の碍子脚部に形成されるコルゲーションは
特にひどく汚損されてその設置の効果が薄いことを示唆
するものであって、コルゲーションは汚損物の付着が比
較的少なくなるハウジング端面Jζり少なくとも2 、
5 n1lll#lれた位置から形成されることが効果
的であると判断される。
On the other hand, with regard to stain resistance, three types of evaluation plugs without corrugation and with different insulator protrusion amounts from the housing end surface were soiled under the above-mentioned operating conditions in a test internal combustion engine, and the dimensions from the housing end surface (according to The insulation resistance was measured. Figure 6 is a diagram showing the results. As seen in the figure, the insulator protrusion amount a was 2.5 mm, 15 mm, and 0 m.
All of the 11 spark plugs have an insulation resistance of 1 MΩ or less within the range of approximately 2.511111 = 4 mm from the end face of the housing, and are particularly susceptible to contamination in the range of dimension e from 0 to approximately 2.5111 m. I can read a lot of things. This is also approximately 2,51 mm from the housing end face.
This suggests that the corrugation formed on the insulator leg within Bll1 is particularly severely contaminated and the effect of its installation is weak.
5 n1llll#l It is judged that it is effective to form the position from the position.

なお、第5図に関する前述の評価に用いられたスパーク
プラグのコルゲーションは、上記解析結果に基づいてそ
の設置位置をハウジング端面より少なくとも2.5n+
mllれた部位どした。
Based on the above analysis results, the installation position of the spark plug corrugation used in the above-mentioned evaluation regarding FIG.
What happened to the part where mll was damaged?

更に、第4a図、第4b図および第4C図の各形状のコ
ルゲーションについて、それらの形成ににる沿面距離の
増加を1.5111111.!:段設定て、汚損による
スパークプラグの使用寿命に関する評価を実施した。こ
の評価においては、パターン運転後碍子脚部の絶縁抵抗
が10MΩに低下したパターン運転のり一イクルを寿命
点とした。その結果は第7図に示される。この線図から
明らかな如く、上述の解析に基づきコルゲーションを設
置したスパークプラグでは、]ルゲーションにより燃焼
ガスのハウジングポケット6bへの流入が抑制され、カ
ーボン、水等汚損物の碍子脚部表面への付着が軽減され
て、それらのか命は]ルゲーションを設けていない評価
プラグに比較して約2〜2.5倍に伸びている。
Furthermore, for the corrugations of each shape shown in FIGS. 4a, 4b, and 4c, the increase in creepage distance due to their formation is 1.5111111. ! : An evaluation was conducted on the service life of spark plugs due to contamination. In this evaluation, one cycle of pattern operation at which the insulation resistance of the insulator leg decreased to 10 MΩ after pattern operation was taken as the life point. The results are shown in FIG. As is clear from this diagram, in the spark plug in which the corrugation is installed based on the above analysis, the corrugation suppresses the combustion gas from flowing into the housing pocket 6b, and the contaminants such as carbon and water are transferred to the surface of the insulator leg. The adhesion of these plugs has been reduced, and their lifespan has been increased by about 2 to 2.5 times compared to evaluation plugs without rugation.

第8図は、第4a図、第41)図おJ:ヒ第1IC図の
形状のコルゲーションを備えた評価プラグにおいてそれ
らのハウジングポケット61)の内径を変更し、コルゲ
ーションによる流入抵抗がスパークプラグの汚損寿命に
及ぼす効果を比較した結果の線図である。上記比較は、
各評価プラグについてコルゲーションとハウジング内面
との間の隙間Sをそれぞれ0.5mm、 0.7111
mおよび0.9mmに変更して行った。なお、第7図の
評価は、各スパークプラグのコルゲーションとハウジン
グ内面との隙間SをQ、9n+mに設定して実施された
ものである。この結果から明らかな通り、いずれのスパ
ークプラグにおいでも隙間Sが0.7mm以上であれば
良好な汚損寿命が得られる。隙間Sの設定が0.5im
の段階で各スパークプラグの汚損寿命が著しく低下して
いる原因は、この程度の間隔では燃焼により生成された
水分がコルゲーションとハウジング内壁間で水滴となっ
て絶縁抵抗を急激に低下さ[(ることにある。この現象
の発生によって、4リイクルあたりから試験用内燃機関
の正常なパターン運転が不可能となった。
Figure 8 shows that the inner diameter of the housing pocket 61) of the evaluation plug with the corrugations in the shape of Figures 4a, 41) and 1C was changed, and the inflow resistance due to the corrugation was reduced by the spark plug. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the results of comparing the effects on contamination lifespan. The above comparison is
For each evaluation plug, the gap S between the corrugation and the inner surface of the housing is 0.5 mm and 0.7111, respectively.
m and 0.9 mm. The evaluation shown in FIG. 7 was carried out by setting the gap S between the corrugation of each spark plug and the inner surface of the housing to Q, 9n+m. As is clear from this result, good fouling life can be obtained for any spark plug if the gap S is 0.7 mm or more. Gap S setting is 0.5im
The reason why the contamination life of each spark plug is significantly reduced at this stage is that at this interval, moisture generated by combustion becomes water droplets between the corrugation and the inner wall of the housing, and the insulation resistance rapidly decreases. In particular, due to the occurrence of this phenomenon, it became impossible to operate the test internal combustion engine in a normal pattern from around the fourth recycle.

なお、形成する]ルゲーション内の突条の断面形状に関
しては、第7図おにび第8図の結果に明らかな如く、第
4a図および第4b図に示される形状が第4C図に比較
してやや良好な結果を呈している。これは、燃焼ガスの
流入に対しで抗するような形状の突条を備えた]ルゲー
ションの設置が好適であることを意味しており、各突条
の側辺のうち碍子脚部の先端に近い側のものの傾斜角が
使方の側辺の傾斜角と同等以上或いは少なくとも同等で
あることが望ましいことが叩解される。
Regarding the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion in the rugation, as is clear from the results shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the shape shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b is compared with that in FIG. 4C. It has shown somewhat good results. This means that it is preferable to install a rugation with protrusions shaped to resist the inflow of combustion gas. It is desirable that the angle of inclination of the side closer to the side is equal to or more than, or at least equal to, the angle of inclination of the side to be used.

従って、本発明に係るスパークプラグの実施例において
は、コルゲーションの設置位置を452.5mll1と
し、コルゲーションの形成による絶縁距離の増加量≦1
.5111111および隙間S≧0.7m1llの条件
でコルゲーションが形成される。また、]ルゲーション
内の突条の形状については、第4a図および第4b図に
示されるものが好適であるが、これらの形状に限定され
るものではなく上記設置条件を満足するものであれば良
く、例えば第9図に示される三角形状、或いは第10図
に示される如く四部を碍子脚部3a内に食い込よ「た形
状のものでも良い。
Therefore, in the embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention, the installation position of the corrugation is set to 452.5ml1, and the increase in insulation distance due to the formation of the corrugation is ≦1.
.. Corrugation is formed under the conditions of 5111111 and the gap S≧0.7ml. Furthermore, the shape of the protrusion in the rugation is preferably the one shown in Figures 4a and 4b, but it is not limited to these shapes and may be any shape that satisfies the above installation conditions. For example, it may have a triangular shape as shown in FIG. 9, or a shape in which the four parts are inserted into the insulator leg 3a as shown in FIG.

さらに、これまでの説明においてはコルゲーション内の
各突条が碍子脚部の長手方向とほぼ直交するように延び
る実施例を示したが、突条の方向はこれに限定されるも
のではなく脚部の長手方向と平行な方向以外で種々の変
更が可能である。この変更例として、第11a図および
第11b図に脚部の長手方向に対して斜めに延びかつ螺
線形状に形成された突条を示す。第11a図に示される
例では、さらに、螺線形状の突条を備えた碍子脚部と相
補の形状となるJ:うに、ハウジング内壁にも螺線形状
の***が設けられている。また、]ルゲーション内の各
突条は連続状に延びるものに限られるものではなく、第
11C図および第11 d図に示される如き断続形状に
形成されるものであってもよい。第11e図は突条間の
間隔を変更した例を示す。
Furthermore, in the explanation so far, an example has been shown in which each protrusion in the corrugation extends almost perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the insulator leg, but the direction of the protrusion is not limited to this, and the direction of the protrusion in the leg is not limited to this. Various changes are possible in directions other than parallel to the longitudinal direction. As an example of this modification, FIGS. 11a and 11b show a protrusion extending obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the leg and formed in a spiral shape. In the example shown in FIG. 11a, a spiral-shaped protuberance is also provided on the inner wall of the housing, which has a complementary shape to the insulator leg provided with the spiral-shaped protrusion. Further, each protrusion within the rugation is not limited to extending continuously, but may be formed in an interrupted shape as shown in FIGS. 11C and 11D. FIG. 11e shows an example in which the spacing between the protrusions is changed.

(へ)発明の作用 以上の実施例にもどづく説明からも明らかな様に、本発
明は、内燃機関の燃焼室内へ露出されるスパークプラグ
の絶縁体脚部分でハウジング端面から少なくとも2.5
IIll!1隔った位置の脚部分に、この脚部分をとり
まくようその長手方向に沿って交互に配置された複数の
突条を備える凹凸部を設G−するものである。この構成
によって、燃焼ガスの流入を効果的に妨げ基部側の脚部
分の汚損を軽減し、絶縁体の脚部分の絶縁抵抗の低下を
抑制すると共に、万一脚部分の基部側に汚損によって低
抵抗部が形成される場合であっても、その形成初期に突
条とハウジング内壁間での放電で突条上の同抵抗部を焼
失或いは飛散させて絶縁抵抗を回復させるものである。
(F) Function of the Invention As is clear from the explanation based on the above embodiments, the present invention provides an insulator leg portion of a spark plug that is exposed into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine at least 2.5 mm from the housing end surface.
IIll! A concavo-convex portion having a plurality of protrusions arranged alternately along the longitudinal direction so as to surround the leg portions is provided on the leg portions at positions one distance apart. This configuration effectively prevents the inflow of combustion gas, reduces fouling of the leg portions on the base side, suppresses a drop in insulation resistance of the leg portions of the insulator, and also prevents a drop in insulation resistance in the leg portions of the insulator. Even if a resistive portion is formed, the insulation resistance is restored by burning out or scattering the resistive portion on the protruding portion due to electric discharge between the protruding portion and the inner wall of the housing in the initial stage of its formation.

さらに、凹凸部の形成による絶縁体脚部分の長手方向の
沿面距離の増加が1.5mm以内であるように凹凸部を
設ける構成によって、改善された耐汚損性を紺持しつつ
絶縁体部分における不必要な冷却表面積の増加を押えて
、スパークプラグの熱特性の確保を可能とするものであ
る。
Furthermore, by providing the uneven portions so that the increase in the longitudinal creepage distance of the insulator leg portion due to the formation of the uneven portions is within 1.5 mm, the insulator portion can be improved while maintaining improved stain resistance. This prevents an unnecessary increase in cooling surface area and makes it possible to maintain the thermal characteristics of the spark plug.

(ト)発明の効果 本発明に係るスパークプラグでは、簡潔な構成で耐汚損
性の向上および熱特性の確保の両立が可能であって、種
々の運転条件のもとでも内燃機関の円滑な作動を可能と
する信頼性の高い機能を安価な費用で提供し得るもので
ある。
(G) Effects of the Invention The spark plug according to the present invention has a simple structure that can improve both anti-fouling properties and ensure thermal characteristics, and can ensure smooth operation of an internal combustion engine even under various operating conditions. It is possible to provide highly reliable functions that enable this at a low cost.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明に係るスパークプラグの実施例の全体構
成を示す部分切取側面図、第2図および第3図はそれぞ
れ従来技術によるスパークプラグの要部を拡大して示す
部分断面図、第4a図乃至第4C図はそれぞれ本発明の
他の実施例のコルゲーション形状を示す概略断面図、第
5図乃至第8図は本発明の解析過程を示すための特性図
で、絶縁距離の増加と熱特性の関係、]ルゲーションの
設置位置の関係、コルゲーションの形状と汚損寿命の関
係およびコルゲーション−ハウジング間隙と汚損寿命の
関係をそれぞれ示す線図、第9図おJ、び第10図は共
に本発明の更に他の実施例のコルゲーション形状を示す
概略断面図、第11a図乃至第11e図はそれぞれ本発
明に従うコルゲーション形状の変更例を示す部分断面図
、第12図は第13a図乃至第13d図に示される碍子
脚部の電気抵抗分布の測定区分を示す説明図、および第
13a図乃至第13d図はいずれも碍子脚部の電気抵抗
分布を示し、本発明の基礎となるスパークプラグ碍子脚
部の汚損過程、ならびにコルゲーションの設置による汚
損物の伸長抑制および焼失効果をそれぞれ示す説明図で
ある。 図中、1・・・中心電極、3・・・碍子、3a・・・碍
子脚部、3b・・・コルゲーション(凹凸部)、6・・
・ハウジング、6b・・・ハウジングポケット(空隙)
、9・・・外側電極。
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of a spark plug according to the present invention, FIGS. Figures 4a to 4C are schematic cross-sectional views showing the corrugation shapes of other embodiments of the present invention, and Figures 5 to 8 are characteristic diagrams showing the analysis process of the present invention, in which the insulation distance increases and Figures 9 and 10 are diagrams showing the relationship between thermal characteristics, the relationship between the installation position of the corrugation, the relationship between the shape of the corrugation and the contamination life, and the relationship between the corrugation-housing gap and the contamination life. 11a to 11e are partial sectional views showing modified examples of the corrugation shape according to the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view to 13a to 13d. The explanatory diagram showing the measurement divisions of the electrical resistance distribution of the insulator leg shown in the figure and FIGS. 13a to 13d all show the electrical resistance distribution of the insulator leg, and the spark plug insulator leg is the basis of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the soiling process of the soiling section, and the effect of suppressing the extension of soiled matter and burning out by installing corrugations, respectively. In the figure, 1... center electrode, 3... insulator, 3a... insulator leg, 3b... corrugation (uneven part), 6...
・Housing, 6b...Housing pocket (void)
, 9...outer electrode.

Claims (7)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)中心電極と、この中心電極の一端を内燃機関の燃
焼室内へ露出させるよう前記中心電極の周囲を覆う脚部
分を有する絶縁体と、前記中心電極の一端と対向するよ
う配設された外側電極を備えかつ前記燃焼室内へ露出さ
れる前記絶縁体の脚部分を取り巻いてこの脚部分の周囲
に空隙を設けるよう配置されたハウジングとを有し、前
記絶縁体の脚部分にはこの脚部分の外周をとりまくよう
その長手方向に沿つて交互に配置された複数の突条を備
える凹凸部にして、その端部が前記ハウジングの端面か
ら少なくとも2.5mm隔つた位置にありかつ前記突条
の形成による前記脚部分の長手方向の沿面距離の増加が
1.5mm以内である凹凸部を設けて、燃焼生成物によ
る耐汚損性の向上を計つたことを特徴とする内燃機関用
点火栓。
(1) A center electrode, an insulator having a leg portion that covers the center electrode so as to expose one end of the center electrode into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and an insulator disposed to face the one end of the center electrode. a housing provided with an outer electrode and arranged to surround a leg portion of the insulator exposed into the combustion chamber to provide a gap around the leg portion; an uneven portion including a plurality of protrusions arranged alternately along the longitudinal direction so as to surround the outer periphery of the part, the ends of which are spaced apart from the end surface of the housing by at least 2.5 mm; An ignition plug for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that an uneven portion is provided in which the creepage distance in the longitudinal direction of the leg portion increases by 1.5 mm or less in order to improve resistance to fouling by combustion products.
(2)前記凹凸部とこの凹凸部に対向する前記ハウジン
グの内壁との間の間隔が0.7mm以上である特許請求
の範囲第1項記載の内燃機関用点火栓。
(2) The ignition plug for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the uneven portion and the inner wall of the housing facing the uneven portion is 0.7 mm or more.
(3)前記絶縁体の脚部分の先端に近い側における前記
各突条の側辺の前記脚部分の表面に対する傾斜角が、こ
の側辺に対向する前記各突条の他方の側辺の傾斜角と同
等もしくは同等以上である特許請求の範囲第1項または
第2項記載の内燃機関用点火栓。
(3) The inclination angle of the side of each of the protrusions on the side near the tip of the leg portion of the insulator with respect to the surface of the leg portion is the inclination of the other side of each of the protrusions opposite to this side. The ignition plug for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, which is equal to or more than a corner.
(4)前記突条がそれぞれ前記脚部分の長手方向と直交
する方向へ延びる特許請求の範囲第1項から第3項まで
のいずれか一項記載の内燃機関用点火栓。
(4) The ignition plug for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the protrusions extends in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the leg portion.
(5)前記突条は前記脚部分の長手方向に関してそれぞ
れ斜めに延びる特許請求の範囲第1項から第3項までの
いずれか一項記載の内燃機関用点火栓。
(5) The ignition plug for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the protrusions extend obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the leg portions.
(6)前記突条の各々が前記脚部分を取り巻く螺旋形状
に形成される特許請求の範囲第5項記載の内燃機関用点
火栓。
(6) The ignition plug for an internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein each of the protrusions is formed in a spiral shape surrounding the leg portion.
(7)前記凹凸部に対向する前記ハウジングの内壁が、
前記螺旋形状の突条と相補の形状に形成される特許請求
の範囲第6項記載の内燃機関用点火栓。
(7) An inner wall of the housing facing the uneven portion,
The ignition plug for an internal combustion engine according to claim 6, wherein the ignition plug is formed in a shape complementary to the spiral protrusion.
JP15068484A 1984-07-20 1984-07-20 Ignition plug for internal combustion engine Pending JPS6129085A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15068484A JPS6129085A (en) 1984-07-20 1984-07-20 Ignition plug for internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15068484A JPS6129085A (en) 1984-07-20 1984-07-20 Ignition plug for internal combustion engine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6129085A true JPS6129085A (en) 1986-02-08

Family

ID=15502202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP15068484A Pending JPS6129085A (en) 1984-07-20 1984-07-20 Ignition plug for internal combustion engine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6129085A (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63239118A (en) * 1986-12-17 1988-10-05 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Piezoelectric ceramics powder
WO2009116541A1 (en) * 2008-03-18 2009-09-24 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Spark plug
USRE41672E1 (en) 2001-11-13 2010-09-14 Federal-Mogul Ignition (Uk) Limited Spark plug
CN103259194A (en) * 2012-02-17 2013-08-21 Fram集团Ip有限公司 Fouling resistant spark plug
JP2016062769A (en) * 2014-09-18 2016-04-25 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 Ignition plug for internal combustion engine
JP2021018870A (en) * 2019-07-18 2021-02-15 株式会社Soken Spark plug
JP2021018869A (en) * 2019-07-18 2021-02-15 株式会社Soken Spark plug

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63239118A (en) * 1986-12-17 1988-10-05 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Piezoelectric ceramics powder
USRE41672E1 (en) 2001-11-13 2010-09-14 Federal-Mogul Ignition (Uk) Limited Spark plug
WO2009116541A1 (en) * 2008-03-18 2009-09-24 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Spark plug
JP5149295B2 (en) * 2008-03-18 2013-02-20 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Spark plug
US8539921B2 (en) 2008-03-18 2013-09-24 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Spark plug
KR101522058B1 (en) * 2008-03-18 2015-05-20 니혼도꾸슈도교 가부시키가이샤 Spark plug
CN103259194A (en) * 2012-02-17 2013-08-21 Fram集团Ip有限公司 Fouling resistant spark plug
JP2013171835A (en) * 2012-02-17 2013-09-02 Fram Group Ip Llc Fouling resistant spark plug
JP2016062769A (en) * 2014-09-18 2016-04-25 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 Ignition plug for internal combustion engine
JP2021018870A (en) * 2019-07-18 2021-02-15 株式会社Soken Spark plug
JP2021018869A (en) * 2019-07-18 2021-02-15 株式会社Soken Spark plug

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