JPS61281207A - Optical coupler - Google Patents
Optical couplerInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61281207A JPS61281207A JP14550086A JP14550086A JPS61281207A JP S61281207 A JPS61281207 A JP S61281207A JP 14550086 A JP14550086 A JP 14550086A JP 14550086 A JP14550086 A JP 14550086A JP S61281207 A JPS61281207 A JP S61281207A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light source
- face
- taper
- tapered
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は光フアイバ通信等に用いる光源との結合効率
を改善した光結合装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an optical coupling device with improved coupling efficiency with a light source used in optical fiber communications and the like.
光フアイバ通信において、半導体レーザや発光ダイオー
ド等の光源と光ファイバとの光電力の結合効率の改善は
、効率のよいシステムの構成に欠くことのできない重要
な課題である。In optical fiber communications, improving the coupling efficiency of optical power between a light source such as a semiconductor laser or a light emitting diode and an optical fiber is an important issue indispensable for configuring an efficient system.
従来、このような結合部の構成としては、第１図（ａ）
〜（ｄ）に示す各種のものがある。すなわち同図（ａ）
はファイバーよりなる結合用素子の端部２を半球状に形
成したものであり、（ｂ）はファイバ３の端部に接近し
て球レンズ４を置いたもの、（Ｃ）はこれに代えて円柱
レンズ５を置いたものである。また（ｄ）はテーパ付フ
ァイバ６よりなる結合用素子の例を示すものである。Conventionally, the configuration of such a joint part is as shown in Fig. 1(a).
There are various types shown in ~(d). In other words, the same figure (a)
(b) is a coupling element made of a fiber with a hemispherical end 2, (b) is a spherical lens 4 placed close to the end of a fiber 3, and (C) is a coupling element in which a ball lens 4 is placed close to the end of the fiber 3. A cylindrical lens 5 is placed there. Further, (d) shows an example of a coupling element made of a tapered fiber 6.
テーパ付ファイバである。事実、テーパ付ファイバと半
導体レーザとの結合効率は９７％に達することが報告さ
れている。発光ダイオードとの結合でも、開口数０．２
６のファイバで８３チの結合効率が実現され、圧倒的に
高能率であることが知られている。It is a tapered fiber. In fact, it has been reported that the coupling efficiency between a tapered fiber and a semiconductor laser reaches 97%. Even when coupled with a light emitting diode, the numerical aperture is 0.2.
A coupling efficiency of 83 times was achieved with 6 fibers, and it is known that the efficiency is overwhelmingly high.
しかしテーパ付７アイパの場合にも次のような問題点が
ある。第１にテーパ付ファイバは、テーパ部分が長さ５
ｍ程度必要で比較的長く、シかモテーパ部分ではクラッ
ドの外面全反射を利用するため、クラッドの外側の媒質
は空気（またはｎ＝１）であることが望ましい。したが
って、接着剤などを用いて固定することが難しく温度変
化に伴なう位置ずれから結合度が変化することがある。However, even in the case of the tapered 7-eyeper, there are the following problems. First, the tapered fiber has a tapered portion with a length of 5
The medium outside the cladding is desirably air (or n=1) because the tapered portion utilizes total reflection on the outer surface of the cladding. Therefore, it is difficult to fix using an adhesive or the like, and the degree of bonding may change due to positional displacement due to temperature changes.
第２に、テーバ付ファイバの先端は、光源の発光面と略
同−寸法にすることが、最大の結合効率を与えるもので
ある。したがってテーバ先端で点かある。Second, the tip of the tapered fiber should be approximately the same size as the light emitting surface of the light source to provide maximum coupling efficiency. Therefore, there is a point at the tip of Taber.
この発明は上記の欠点を除去し、テーバ付ファイバーの
先端面を半球状に形成し、その先端部ダ支
を光源の発光面に対向配碕する構造を採ること（こより
、先端面が良好であるとともにテーバ部が縮かくてすみ
したがって光源との結合効率の高い光結合装置を提供し
ようとするものである。This invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, and adopts a structure in which the tip surface of the tapered fiber is formed into a hemispherical shape, and the tip end support is arranged opposite to the light emitting surface of the light source (this makes it possible to improve the tip surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical coupling device in which the tapered portion does not need to be shortened and the coupling efficiency with the light source is high.
以下図面を参照してこの発明の一実施例を説関する。第
に図ｔこおいて１０は半導体レーザや発光ダイオードの
ような発光面の比較的微小な光源であり、１１は光ファ
イバよりなる結合用素子であって、その先端部分をゆる
やかに細線化しでテーバ部１２を形成する。このテーバ
部１２の先端部を所定の外径を有する部分で切断し、さ
らにこの先端面１３を加熱することにより半球状（こ形
成している。なお図中１４は光ファイバのコア、１５は
クラッドであり、光源１０の発光面１ ｋに対し結合用
素子１１の先端面を対向配設している。An embodiment of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. In Fig. t, 10 is a light source with a relatively small light emitting surface, such as a semiconductor laser or a light emitting diode, and 11 is a coupling element made of an optical fiber, the tip of which is gently thinned. A tapered portion 12 is formed. The tip of the tapered portion 12 is cut at a portion having a predetermined outer diameter, and the tip surface 13 is heated to form a hemispherical shape. In the figure, 14 is the core of the optical fiber, and 15 is the core of the optical fiber. It is a cladding, and the tip end surface of the coupling element 11 is disposed opposite to the light emitting surface 1k of the light source 10.
第２図（ｄ）に示すような、テーバ部を所定の位置で単
１こ切断する従来の装置の場合には、通常カッタの傷あ
とが残ることが多く、散乱光の原因となる。この面を研
磨することも可能であるが価格がかさむので採用できな
い。In the case of a conventional device for cutting a tapered portion into a single piece at a predetermined position, as shown in FIG. 2(d), scars from the cutter often remain, which causes scattered light. Although it is possible to polish this surface, it is expensive and cannot be used.
これに対してこの発明の結合装置は光ファイバよりなる
結合用素子１１の端面を加熱し表面張力により半球状の
面を容易に得ることができる。In contrast, the coupling device of the present invention heats the end face of the coupling element 11 made of an optical fiber and can easily obtain a hemispherical surface due to surface tension.
この際、加熱前にあった傷等の表面の粗れも除去さｎる
。At this time, surface roughness such as scratches that existed before heating is also removed.
しかも、この半球状の先端面１３はレンズとして作用し
、光源からの大きな拡り角で放射された光線をより小さ
な拡り角に変換する。Furthermore, this hemispherical tip surface 13 acts as a lens, converting the light rays emitted from the light source with a large divergence angle into a smaller divergence angle.
したかっで、テーバ部１２の部分で拡り角を小さくする
役割りを、先端面１３のレンズ部も分担しζ石、を助長
するので、テーバ比（テーバ終端と先端との外径の比）
を小さくすることかでき、テーバ角を一定とすればテー
バ部１２の長さを小さくすることができる。Therefore, the lens part of the distal end surface 13 also plays the role of reducing the divergence angle in the Taber part 12 and promotes the ζ stones, so that the Taber ratio (ratio of the outer diameter of the Taber end and the tip) is )
can be made small, and if the Taber angle is kept constant, the length of the Taber portion 12 can be made small.
このようにテーバ部１２を短くできるので機械的安定度
を著しく改善することができ、位置ずれによって生じる
結合度の変化を少なくすること単に端部を半球状に形成
したファイバ結合装置と比較した場合に、光源との間隔
を大きくすることができ位置ずｎ、に関する誤差条件を
著しく緩和できる利点かある。Since the tapered portion 12 can be shortened in this way, mechanical stability can be significantly improved, and changes in the degree of coupling caused by positional deviation can be reduced.Compared to a fiber coupling device in which the end portion is simply formed into a hemispherical shape, Another advantage is that the distance between the light source and the light source can be increased and the error conditions regarding the position n can be significantly relaxed.
すなわち半球状端部を有するファイバ結合装置の場合に
は半球状端部に続くファイバの開口数が一般には０．１
５〜０．３と小さいために前記誤差条件が厳しいが、テ
ーバ付ファイバの場合にはテーバ先端部から見た実効開
口数は
実効間ロ数＝テーパ比×ファイバ開口数となり、したが
ってテーパ先端を半球状ｌこ形成したこの発明の場合に
は光源との間隔、位置ず石、の誤差は結合度に大きく影
響を与えなくなるものである。That is, in the case of a fiber coupling device with a hemispherical end, the numerical aperture of the fiber following the hemispherical end is generally 0.1.
The above error conditions are strict because the error condition is small, 5 to 0.3, but in the case of a tapered fiber, the effective numerical aperture as seen from the tapered tip is the effective numerical aperture = taper ratio x fiber numerical aperture, so the taper tip is In the case of the present invention, which is formed into a hemispherical shape, errors in the distance from the light source and the alignment do not significantly affect the degree of coupling.
以上の記載から明らかなようにこの発明は半球状端部を
有するファイバおよびテーバ付７アイバの有する長所を
単に兼ね備えるだけでなく、こｎらを一層助長するもの
であるところに特徴かあり、先端面が良好であるととも
にテーバ部が縮かくてすみ結合効率が高くかつ光源との
結合ｌこおける誤差条件を緩和し得る光結合装置を提供
できるものである。As is clear from the above description, the present invention is characterized by not only combining the advantages of a fiber with a hemispherical end and a tapered 7-eye fiber, but also further promoting these advantages. It is possible to provide an optical coupling device which has a good surface, has a small tapered portion, has high coupling efficiency, and can alleviate error conditions in coupling with a light source.
なおこの発明は上記実施例１こ限定されるものではなく
要旨を変更しない範囲において種々変形して実施するこ
とができる。Note that the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment described above, and can be implemented with various modifications without changing the gist.
たとえば上記実施例においてテーバ部は傾斜面が図示の
ように直線状をなした場合が示さｎでいるが、これは場
合により曲線状をなしたものを用いることもできる。For example, in the above embodiment, the tapered portion has a linear slope as shown in the figure, but it may have a curved surface depending on the case.
ｇｔ図（ａ）〜ｆｄ）はそｎぞｎ光結合装置の従来の例
を示す説明図、第Ｘ図はこの発明の一実施例の概略的構
成を示す斜視図である。
１，３・・・ファイバ ２・・・端部４・・・球レ
ンズ ５・・・円柱レンズ６・・・テーパ付ファイ
バ
１０・・・光源
１１・・・光ファイバよりなる結合用素子１２・・・テ
ーパ部 １３・・・先端面１４・・・コア
１５・・・クラ、ド第１図Figures (a) to (fd) are explanatory diagrams showing conventional examples of optical coupling devices, and Figure X is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. 1, 3...Fiber 2...End portion 4...Ball lens 5...Cylindrical lens 6...Tapered fiber 10...Light source 11...Coupling element 12 made of optical fiber. ... Tapered part 13 ... Tip surface 14 ... Core
15...Cra, de Figure 1
Claims (1)
部分をゆるやかに細線化し所定の外径を有するテーパ部
分で切断するとともにその先端面を半球状に形成した結
合用素子とを備えこの素子の先端部を前記光源の発光面
に対向配設したことを特徴とする光結合装置。This element includes a light source having a relatively small light emitting surface, and a coupling element in which the tip of an optical fiber is gently thinned and cut at a tapered portion having a predetermined outer diameter, and the tip surface is formed into a hemispherical shape. An optical coupling device characterized in that a distal end portion of the light source is disposed opposite to a light emitting surface of the light source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14550086A JPS61281207A (en) | 1986-06-21 | 1986-06-21 | Optical coupler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14550086A JPS61281207A (en) | 1986-06-21 | 1986-06-21 | Optical coupler |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18637985A Division JPS6169008A (en) | 1985-08-23 | 1985-08-23 | Production for optical coupler |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61281207A true JPS61281207A (en) | 1986-12-11 |
Family
ID=15386696
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14550086A Pending JPS61281207A (en) | 1986-06-21 | 1986-06-21 | Optical coupler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61281207A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4967632A (en) * | 1972-09-12 | 1974-07-01 | ||
| JPS4994345A (en) * | 1972-09-29 | 1974-09-07 | ||
| JPS49108988A (en) * | 1972-07-28 | 1974-10-16 | ||
| JPS51144633A (en) * | 1975-06-06 | 1976-12-11 | Toshiba Corp | Light fiber device |
-
1986
- 1986-06-21 JP JP14550086A patent/JPS61281207A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49108988A (en) * | 1972-07-28 | 1974-10-16 | ||
| JPS4967632A (en) * | 1972-09-12 | 1974-07-01 | ||
| JPS4994345A (en) * | 1972-09-29 | 1974-09-07 | ||
| JPS51144633A (en) * | 1975-06-06 | 1976-12-11 | Toshiba Corp | Light fiber device |
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