JPS61275469A - Surface treatment of carbon fiber - Google Patents

Surface treatment of carbon fiber

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Publication number
JPS61275469A
JPS61275469A JP11498485A JP11498485A JPS61275469A JP S61275469 A JPS61275469 A JP S61275469A JP 11498485 A JP11498485 A JP 11498485A JP 11498485 A JP11498485 A JP 11498485A JP S61275469 A JPS61275469 A JP S61275469A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
acid
carbon fibers
electrolyte
surface treatment
carbon fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP11498485A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
池田 斌
半田 英雄
恵介 中野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Kasei Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Kasei Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Kasei Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Kasei Corp
Priority to JP11498485A priority Critical patent/JPS61275469A/en
Publication of JPS61275469A publication Critical patent/JPS61275469A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。
(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は炭素繊維の表面処理方法に関するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a method for surface treatment of carbon fibers.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

最近、構造材料として注目を集めている炭素線維は各種
マトリックス例えば、エポキシ樹脂。
Carbon fiber, which has recently attracted attention as a structural material, is used in various matrices such as epoxy resin.

不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱硬化性
樹脂やポリアミド樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリスル
ホン樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂などの各種樹脂との複合材料
として使用される。
It is used as a composite material with various resins such as thermosetting resins such as unsaturated polyester resins and phenolic resins, and thermoplastic resins such as polyamide resins, polyacetal resins, and polysulfone resins.

通常、炭素繊維とこれら樹脂との接着性を高めるために
炭素繊維の表面処理が必要であり、各種の方法が提案さ
れている。このうち、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウ
ム、硫酸、リン酸などの電解質水溶液中で炭素繊維に通
電するいわゆる電解表面処理方法は経済的観点から有用
視されており1例えば特公昭ダ7−II O/ / 9
号公報や特公昭!;!;−20033号公報で公知のも
のである。
Normally, surface treatment of carbon fibers is required to improve the adhesion between carbon fibers and these resins, and various methods have been proposed. Among these, the so-called electrolytic surface treatment method, in which carbon fibers are energized in an aqueous electrolyte solution such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, or phosphoric acid, is considered useful from an economic standpoint. / / 9
Publications and Special Publications! ;! ;-20033, which is publicly known.

上記電解質のうち、特に水酸化ナトリウムは高導電性を
有し、従って電解処理が低電圧かつ短時間で行なえるな
どの利点を有するので広く使用されている。
Among the above-mentioned electrolytes, sodium hydroxide is particularly widely used because it has high conductivity and therefore has the advantage that electrolytic treatment can be performed at low voltage and in a short time.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

しかしながら水酸化ナトリウムは電解処理後の炭素繊維
中に残存し易く完全に除去するのが困難とされており、
残存電解質の除去が不十分であると、得られる炭素繊維
の耐熱酸化性が劣ったり、樹脂マ) IJラックス硬化
するために用いられる触媒が失活して硬化不良を呈した
り、得られる複合材の物性を悪くするなどの問題が指摘
されている。
However, sodium hydroxide tends to remain in carbon fibers after electrolytic treatment and is difficult to completely remove.
If the residual electrolyte is insufficiently removed, the heat oxidation resistance of the resulting carbon fibers may be poor, the catalyst used for curing IJ Lux may be deactivated, resulting in poor curing, and the resulting composite material may deteriorate. Problems such as deterioration of physical properties have been pointed out.

従来技術によれば、このような電解処理後の炭素繊維中
に残存する電解質を除去するための方法が種々示されて
いるが、必ずしも好都合とはいえない。
According to the prior art, various methods have been proposed for removing the electrolyte remaining in carbon fibers after such electrolytic treatment, but these methods are not necessarily convenient.

例えば、特公昭1I9−29901.号公報には電解質
溶液を包含する炭素繊維を洗浄液中で陰極および/また
は陽極の傍を通過せしめ、電解質を除去する方法が開示
されているが、かかる方法では電解処理のために通電す
るに加えて。
For example, Tokuko Sho 1I9-29901. The publication discloses a method for removing the electrolyte by passing carbon fibers containing an electrolyte solution past a cathode and/or an anode in a cleaning solution, but in this method, in addition to applying electricity for electrolytic treatment, hand.

電解質除去のためにさらに通電する必要がるシ、電力消
費が多くなるなどの欠点を有している。
This method has drawbacks such as the need for further energization to remove the electrolyte and increased power consumption.

又、特開昭go−tiotqi号公報によれば炭素繊維
を電解表面処理した後、ついで熱風による乾燥を行う方
法において、電解表面処理工程で電解質として乾燥時に
飛散又は分解して消失するもの′JkO!lr用するこ
とにより電解質の残存付着を少なくする方法が開示され
ておシ、かかる電解質としてギ酸を用いることが例示さ
れているが、ギ酸は水酸化す) IJウムなどに較べ導
電性が劣り、電解処理時に所定の電流を通すためにはよ
シ高電圧を要し、従って電力消費が多くなるという欠点
を有している。
In addition, according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1996-01-1, in a method in which carbon fibers are subjected to electrolytic surface treatment and then dried with hot air, an electrolyte that scatters or decomposes and disappears during drying in the electrolytic surface treatment step is 'JkO. ! A method for reducing the residual adhesion of electrolyte by using lr is disclosed, and the use of formic acid as such an electrolyte is exemplified, but formic acid (hydroxidized) has inferior conductivity compared to IJium etc. It has the disadvantage that a very high voltage is required to pass a predetermined current during electrolytic treatment, resulting in increased power consumption.

さらに、fF公昭5l−24Issq号公報には黒鉛繊
維を電解表面処理する際に、電解質として、2Sθ℃以
下の温度、で加熱した時に分解してガス状生成物を生ず
ることの出来る重炭酸アンモニウム等のアンモニウム化
合物を使用し、電解処理済の繊維を2 !; 0 ’Q
以下の温度で熱処理して、その繊維から残留電解質を除
去する方法が開示されているものQ周知のように重炭酸
アンモニア、炭酸ガス及び水に分解し1%にアンモニア
は腐食性が高く、かつ毒性の高い物質であることから、
装置上耐腐食性の対策が必要となったり、排ガスの環境
対策を講じたすせねばならないなどの装置的もしくはコ
スト的に問題があった。
Furthermore, fF Publication No. 5l-24Issq discloses that ammonium bicarbonate, etc., which decomposes and produces gaseous products when heated at a temperature of 2Sθ°C or lower, is used as an electrolyte when electrolytically surface-treating graphite fibers. Using ammonium compounds, electrolytically treated fibers are 2! ;0'Q
Discloses a method for removing residual electrolytes from the fibers by heat treatment at the following temperatures Because it is a highly toxic substance,
There were problems in terms of equipment and cost, such as the need for corrosion-resistant measures on the equipment and the need to take environmental measures for exhaust gas.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

そこで1本発明者等は炭素繊維の電解表面処理に際して
の残存電解質の除去法に関し、従来技術の問題点を解決
し、工業的にも有利な方法を見い出すべく検討した。
Therefore, the present inventors conducted research to solve the problems of the prior art and to find an industrially advantageous method for removing residual electrolyte during electrolytic surface treatment of carbon fibers.

とりわけ、アルカリ性物lXを電解質として用いる場合
、例えば水酸化ナトリウムのように、導電性が高いもの
の、電解処理後の炭素繊維中に残存する水酸化す) I
Jウムは従来技術では十分な除去が困難であるとされて
いた点に着目して鋭意検討を行なった結果、アルカリ性
物質を電解質として用い電解表面処理した炭素繊維を更
に化学的処理方法を行なうことによシ、極めて容易Kか
つ、十分な程度にまで残存電解質を除去出来る事を見い
出し本発明を完成した。
In particular, when an alkaline substance IX is used as an electrolyte, for example, sodium hydroxide, although it has high conductivity, hydroxide (I) remaining in the carbon fiber after electrolytic treatment is used.
Focusing on the fact that it was difficult to remove Jum sufficiently using conventional techniques, we conducted extensive research, and as a result, we applied a further chemical treatment method to carbon fibers that had undergone electrolytic surface treatment using an alkaline substance as an electrolyte. Finally, we have discovered that residual electrolyte can be removed extremely easily and to a sufficient extent, and have completed the present invention.

すなわち、本発明の目的は炭素繊維の電解表面処理に際
して残存電解質を簡便な方法で容易にかつ十分除去しう
る炭素繊維の表面処理方法を提供するものである。そし
て、その目的は炭素繊維をアルカリ性物質の水溶液中で
電解表面処理した後、有機酸及び/又は無機酸の水溶液
と接触させ、次いで水洗処理することにより容易に達成
される。
That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for surface treatment of carbon fibers, which allows residual electrolyte to be easily and sufficiently removed by a simple method during electrolytic surface treatment of carbon fibers. This objective can be easily achieved by subjecting the carbon fibers to an electrolytic surface treatment in an aqueous solution of an alkaline substance, then bringing them into contact with an aqueous solution of an organic acid and/or an inorganic acid, and then washing the fibers with water.

以下、本発明の詳細な説明する。The present invention will be explained in detail below.

本発明に用いられる炭素繊維は公知の各種原料から製造
することが出来、例えば、石炭タールピッチ、石油ピッ
チ、石炭液化物、ポリアクリロニトリル、セルロース、
ポリビニルアルコ−ル等から製造され、/ 000−コ
ooo”c程度で炭素化処理した炭素繊維、或いは一〇
〇θ℃以上程度で黒鉛化処理した黒鉛化繊維のいずれも
が使用出来る。
The carbon fibers used in the present invention can be manufactured from various known raw materials, such as coal tar pitch, petroleum pitch, liquefied coal, polyacrylonitrile, cellulose,
Either carbon fiber manufactured from polyvinyl alcohol or the like and carbonized at a temperature of about /000-00"c or graphitized fiber graphitized at a temperature of about 100[theta]C or higher can be used.

こわらの炭素繊維を電解表面処理する際に用いる電解質
としてはアルカリ性物質であり、具体的には水酸化ナト
リウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化リチウム等の水酸化ア
ルカリ化合物、あるいはアンモニウムなどが用いられる
。これらの電解質のうち水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリ
ウムは導電性が高く、安価であるなど特に好ましい。本
発明の表面処理はこれら電解質の水溶液中に炭素繊維を
浸漬し、該炭素繊維に通電し、電気分解反応的に該繊維
の表面を処理する方法であシ、通常、直流通電時の陽極
に炭素繊維を用い、電解時の発生酸素によシ表面を酸化
する陽極酸化法が行なわれる。
The electrolyte used when electrolytically surface treating stiff carbon fibers is an alkaline substance, specifically hydroxide alkali compounds such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, or ammonium. Among these electrolytes, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are particularly preferred because they have high conductivity and are inexpensive. The surface treatment of the present invention is a method of immersing carbon fibers in an aqueous solution of these electrolytes, applying electricity to the carbon fibers, and treating the surface of the fibers in an electrolytic manner. An anodic oxidation method is used to oxidize the surface of carbon fibers using the oxygen generated during electrolysis.

電解条件は処理すべき炭素繊維の種類や表面性状、必要
とされる表面処理の程度(例えばマトリックス・樹脂と
の接着強度のレベル)などを考慮し、通常下記の条件の
中から適宜選択決定される。
The electrolytic conditions are usually selected from the following conditions, taking into account the type and surface properties of the carbon fibers to be treated, the degree of surface treatment required (for example, the level of adhesive strength with the matrix/resin), etc. Ru.

電解質水溶液の濃度0.0 !r −20wtl 、炭
素繊維表面積当シの電流密度0.0/ = 3 mA/
cI!1%電解時間S秒間〜io分間である。
The concentration of electrolyte aqueous solution is 0.0! r −20 wtl, current density per carbon fiber surface area 0.0/ = 3 mA/
cI! The 1% electrolysis time is S seconds to io minutes.

ついで、電解処理を終え、残存電解質の付着した炭素繊
維は次のように有機酸及び/又は無機酸の水溶液と接触
させた後水洗処理することによシ残存電解質が除去され
る。
Then, after the electrolytic treatment, the carbon fibers to which the remaining electrolyte has adhered are brought into contact with an aqueous solution of an organic acid and/or an inorganic acid, and then washed with water to remove the remaining electrolyte.

有機酸としては、種々のものが用いられるが、水洗処理
後の炭素繊維の乾燥の際に飛散又は分解するものが好ま
しく、これらのものとしては、例えば蟻酸、蓚酸、酢酸
、クロロ酢酸、スルホサリチル酸、スルホ酢酸等が挙け
られる。無機酸としては、例えば塩#、硝酸、燐酸、硫
酸、次亜塩素酸、無水クロム酸等が挙げられる。これら
の酸は、一種以上を混合して用いることもできる。
Various organic acids can be used, but those that scatter or decompose during drying of the carbon fibers after washing with water are preferred. Examples of these include formic acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, chloroacetic acid, and sulfosalicylic acid. , sulfoacetic acid, etc. Examples of inorganic acids include salt #, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hypochlorous acid, and chromic anhydride. These acids can also be used in combination of one or more types.

これらの酸の濃度は、希薄すぎると除去効果が乏しく、
一方濃浮すぎると得られる炭素繊維の特性を損なう結果
、どなるとともに炭素繊維に付着する酸を除くために、
過度の水洗を必要とするので、0.00/−/規定の濃
度範囲が好ましい。
If the concentration of these acids is too dilute, the removal effect will be poor;
On the other hand, in order to remove the acid that adheres to the carbon fiber as a result of damaging the properties of the carbon fiber obtained if it is too concentrated,
A concentration range of 0.00/-/ is preferred since excessive washing with water is required.

炭素繊維とこれら酸の水溶液との接触方法としては、例
えば、連続処理において走行する炭素繊維糸条に該水溶
液を滴下乃至は流下したシ。
As a method of contacting carbon fibers with an aqueous solution of these acids, for example, the aqueous solution may be dropped or flowed onto a running carbon fiber thread in a continuous treatment.

ローラーやガイド上で添着したシ、あるいは該水溶液中
に浸漬するなどの方法が挙げられる。
Methods include attaching a sheet on a roller or guide, or immersing it in the aqueous solution.

酸の水溶液で処理された炭素繊維は1次いで水で洗浄さ
れ、残存電解質を除去された後、io。
The carbon fibers treated with an aqueous solution of acid were then washed with water to remove residual electrolyte and then io.

〜aOO℃程度の温度に加熱乾燥して水分を除去し、目
的の炭素繊維を得ることが出来る。
The target carbon fiber can be obtained by heating and drying at a temperature of about ~aOO°C to remove moisture.

又、必要に応じ残存電解質の除去後にサイジング処理な
どの工程を行なうことも出来る。
Moreover, a process such as sizing treatment can be performed after removing the residual electrolyte, if necessary.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上のように1本発明によれば、11IL解質と・して
アルカリ性で高導電性を有する物質を使うことが出来る
ので、電解処理時に所定の電流を通すための電力消費が
少なくてすむ利点を有する。
As described above, according to the present invention, since an alkaline and highly conductive substance can be used as the 11IL electrolyte, there is an advantage that less power is consumed to pass a predetermined current during electrolytic treatment. has.

又、電解処理後の炭素繊維に付着するアルカリ性電解質
は有機酸及び/又は無機酸の水溶液による処理と水洗処
理との組合せによシ容易に除去出来、従来、多量の水を
使っても除去困難とされていたのに較べ1桁ちがいに少
ない残存量Kまで除去することが出来る。このため、得
られる炭素繊維は、耐熱酸化性に優れ、樹脂マトリック
スの硬化性へも支障がなく、複合材としての物性も良好
などの利点を有している。
In addition, the alkaline electrolyte that adheres to carbon fibers after electrolytic treatment can be easily removed by a combination of treatment with an aqueous solution of organic and/or inorganic acids and washing with water, whereas conventional methods were difficult to remove even with large amounts of water. It is possible to remove the remaining amount K, which is one order of magnitude smaller than the amount K that was previously thought to be. Therefore, the obtained carbon fiber has advantages such as excellent thermal oxidation resistance, no problem with the hardening of the resin matrix, and good physical properties as a composite material.

以下、実施例において本発明を説明するが、本発明はそ
の要旨を越えない限シは実施例に限定されるものではな
い。
The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the Examples unless the gist of the invention is exceeded.

実施例1 第1図に示すような表面処理装置を用い、ピ単糸本数2
000フィラメント)(1)を0.コwt%の水酸化す
) IJウム水溶液の電解質槽(2)中で直流電解の陽
極とし、陰極(31を設は通電し、炭素繊維表面積当シ
の電流密度2.9mA/all、炭素繊維の糸速/、 
’7 z / MIR,電解時間1分間の条件下で電解
処理した。ついで電解処理後の電解質水溶液の付着した
炭素繊維を垂直上方向に、2.−mの距離を連続的に引
上げながらその上端部分から第1表に示す酸の水溶液(
4)を炭素繊維に10m/ / rtmの流量にて流下
して接触させ、続いて脱塩水を入れた水洗槽(5)中を
通糸して(浸漬長1.7m)水洗し、更に/ ! 0〜
/ざ0℃にて乾燥した後(図示せず)連続的に巻取91
表面処理ずみの炭素繊維を得た。
Example 1 Using a surface treatment device as shown in Fig. 1, the number of single yarns was 2.
000 filament) (1) to 0. The carbon fiber was used as an anode for direct current electrolysis in the electrolyte bath (2) containing an aqueous solution of hydroxide, and the cathode (31) was energized, and the current density per carbon fiber surface area was 2.9 mA/all. yarn speed/,
Electrolytic treatment was performed under the conditions of '7z/MIR and an electrolysis time of 1 minute. Next, the carbon fiber to which the aqueous electrolyte solution has been adhered after the electrolytic treatment is vertically moved upward, 2. The aqueous solution of the acid shown in Table 1 (
4) was brought into contact with the carbon fibers by flowing it down at a flow rate of 10 m//rtm, then passed through a washing tank (5) containing demineralized water (immersion length 1.7 m), and then washed with water. ! 0~
/ After drying at 0°C (not shown), continuous winding 91
A surface-treated carbon fiber was obtained.

得られた炭素繊維の残存す) IJウム含量を下記 や
のようにして分析した残存ナトリウム含量の測定法;炭
素繊維O,コgを精秤し、これlCo、olIM  H
OIを一〇utを加え、加熱抽出<10〜20℃約1時
間〕し、所定量に水で希釈し、その上澄液を原子吸光分
析し試料中のナトリウム含量を求めた。
The residual sodium content of the obtained carbon fibers was analyzed as follows.
10 ut of OI was added, heated and extracted <10 to 20°C for about 1 hour], diluted with water to a predetermined amount, and the supernatant liquid was subjected to atomic absorption spectroscopy to determine the sodium content in the sample.

得られた結果を第1表に示す。The results obtained are shown in Table 1.

第1表Table 1

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明に用いる表面処理装置の一例を示す。 l : 炭素繊維 −二 電解質槽 3 、:  陰   極 4I:   酸の水溶液 ! = 水洗槽 FIG. 1 shows an example of a surface treatment apparatus used in the present invention. l: Carbon fiber -2 Electrolyte tank 3 : Yin  Pole 4I: Aqueous acid solution ! = Washing tank

Claims (5)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)炭素繊維をアルカリ性物質の水溶液中で電解表面
処理した後、有機酸及び/又は無機酸の水溶液と接触さ
せ、次いで水洗処理することを特徴とする炭素繊維の表
面処理法。
(1) A method for surface treatment of carbon fibers, which comprises electrolytically treating the surface of carbon fibers in an aqueous solution of an alkaline substance, then contacting the fibers with an aqueous solution of an organic acid and/or an inorganic acid, and then washing with water.
(2)有機酸及び/又は無機酸の濃度が0.001〜1
規定であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載
の方法。
(2) Concentration of organic acid and/or inorganic acid is 0.001 to 1
A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is defined as:
(3)有機酸が蟻酸、蓚酸、酢酸、クロロ酢酸、スルホ
サリチル酸、スルホ酢酸又はそれらの混合物であること
を特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の方法。
(3) The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid is formic acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, chloroacetic acid, sulfosalicylic acid, sulfoacetic acid, or a mixture thereof.
(4)無機酸が塩酸、硝酸、燐酸、硫酸、次亜塩素酸、
無水クロム酸又はそれらの混合物であることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第1項記載の方法。
(4) Inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hypochlorous acid,
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the chromic anhydride or a mixture thereof is used.
(5)アルカリ性物質が水酸化アルカリ化合物であるこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の方法。
(5) The method according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline substance is an alkali hydroxide compound.
JP11498485A 1985-05-28 1985-05-28 Surface treatment of carbon fiber Pending JPS61275469A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11498485A JPS61275469A (en) 1985-05-28 1985-05-28 Surface treatment of carbon fiber

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP11498485A JPS61275469A (en) 1985-05-28 1985-05-28 Surface treatment of carbon fiber

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61275469A true JPS61275469A (en) 1986-12-05

Family

ID=14651470

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP11498485A Pending JPS61275469A (en) 1985-05-28 1985-05-28 Surface treatment of carbon fiber

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61275469A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02200867A (en) * 1989-01-27 1990-08-09 Toray Ind Inc Method for treating surface of carbon fiber

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02200867A (en) * 1989-01-27 1990-08-09 Toray Ind Inc Method for treating surface of carbon fiber

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