JPS61249364A - Health food composed of soya saponin - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the titled food containing a soya saponin separated from the saponin fraction of defatted soybean flour, and effective to prevent the thrombotic syndromes such as arteriosclerosis, cerebral thrombosis, coronary insufficiency, etc., which are disease liable to occur as complicate of a patient of obesity. CONSTITUTION:The objective food contains the soya saponin of formula (Z is H or D-glucopyranosyl) {e.g. 3-O-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 2)-beta-D-glucurono pyranosyl]-21-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-soyasapogenol A} separated from the saponin fraction of defatted soybean flour, as an essential component.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） この発明はソーヤサポニンからなる健康食品に関し、よ
り詳しくはこの発明の目的は、特に肥満症の人が併発し
易い動脈硬化、脳血栓、冠不全等の血栓症候群を防止す
ることのできるソーヤサポニンからなる健康食品の提供
にある。Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a health food containing soya saponin, and more specifically, the purpose of the invention is to address the problems of arteriosclerosis, cerebral thrombosis, and coronary insufficiency, which are particularly likely to occur in obese people. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a health food containing soya saponin that can prevent thrombotic syndromes such as the following.

この発明によるソーヤサポニンは、下記の構造式で表す
ことができる。The soya saponin according to the present invention can be represented by the following structural formula.

（式中Ｚは水素原子又はＤ−グルコピラノシル基）上式
において、Ｚが水素原子の場合の化合名は、３−０−　
［β−０−ガラクトピラノシル−（１−２）−β−Ｄ−
グルクロノピラノシル］　−２１−０−［β−Ｄ−グル
コピラノシル（１→３）−α−Ｌ−アラビノピラノシル
］−ソーヤサポゲノールＡ（以下ソーヤサポニンＡ２と
称す）、ＺがＤ−グルコピラノシル（１−２）−β−Ｄ
−ガラクトピラノシル−（１−２）−β−〇−グルクロ
ノピラノシル）−２１−０−［β−Ｄ−グルコピラノシ
ル（１−３）−α−Ｌ−アラビノピラノシル］−ソーヤ
サポゲノールＡ（以下ソーヤサポニンＡ２と称す）であ
る。(In the formula, Z is a hydrogen atom or a D-glucopyranosyl group) In the above formula, when Z is a hydrogen atom, the compound name is 3-0-
[β-0-galactopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-
glucuronopyranosyl] -21-0-[β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-Sawyasapogenol A (hereinafter referred to as Soyasaponin A2), Z is D-glucopyranosyl(1-2)-β-D
-galactopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-〇-glucuronopyranosyl)-21-0-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1-3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]- It is soya saponin A (hereinafter referred to as soya saponin A2).

（発明の背景） 近年、高糖貧食、高脂質食等の過食が一般的で、成人、
児童を問わず肥満症の人が多くこれらの人は運動能力の
低下、成人病羅病年齢の低下等の弊害をもたらしている
。(Background of the invention) In recent years, overeating such as high-sugar poor diet and high-fat diet has become common, and adults
Many people, both children and children, are obese, and these people have negative effects such as a decline in their athletic ability and a decline in the age at which they become sick and become ill.

特に肥満症は血液中の糖分、中性脂肪分の含有量が高く
なり、糖尿病や高脂血症を惹起する。In particular, obesity increases the content of sugar and neutral fat in the blood, leading to diabetes and hyperlipidemia.

これらの肥満症の人は、糖尿病傾向、高脂血症傾向を持
ち、このような傾向の人々は血液の血小板シクロオキシ
ゲナーゼの酵素活性が増大して血小板アラキドン酸代謝
物であるＴＸＢ２、ＨＩＴの産出量が増加される。These obese people tend to have diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and in people with these tendencies, the enzyme activity of platelet cyclooxygenase in the blood increases, resulting in a decrease in the production of platelet arachidonic acid metabolites TXB2 and HIT. is increased.

ＴＸＢ２、ＨＨＴは血小板凝集作用を有するために、こ
れら物質の産出量が増加すると動脈硬化、脳血栓、冠不
全等の血栓症候群を生起する。Since TXB2 and HHT have platelet aggregation effects, increased production of these substances causes thrombotic syndromes such as arteriosclerosis, cerebral thrombosis, and coronary insufficiency.

したがって、肥満症の人々は動脈硬化、脳血栓、冠不全
等の血栓症候群を併発する可能性があると考えられてい
る。Therefore, it is thought that obese people may develop thrombotic syndromes such as arteriosclerosis, cerebral thrombosis, and coronary insufficiency.

（従来技術及びその欠点） 従来、血栓症候群を治療するためには、ヘパリン等薬剤
の投与を行うが、このヘパリンは予防薬ではな（、急患
に対して救急に用いられ、しかも注射による投与処置が
必要であり、治療にあたって医師の診断と指示を仰がな
ければならず、血栓症候群の予防に手軽に用いられるこ
ともなかった。(Prior art and its drawbacks) Conventionally, to treat thrombotic syndrome, drugs such as heparin are administered, but this heparin is not a prophylactic drug (it is used for emergency cases, and it is administered by injection). However, it is necessary to obtain medical diagnosis and instructions from a doctor before treatment, and it has not been easily used to prevent thrombotic syndrome.

従って現在血栓症候群を発現する前に肥満症の人々（成
人及び児童）の弊害を除去する予防的食品は全く存在せ
ず肥満症の人々及び業界においてこのような肥満症から
血栓症候群へ移行することを予防的に回避する食品の創
出が情実に要望されていた。Therefore, there is currently no preventive food that eliminates the harmful effects of obesity in people (adults and children) before they develop thrombotic syndrome, and there is no risk of the transition from obesity to thrombotic syndrome in obese people and in the industry. There has been a pressing need to create foods that preventively avoid this.

（発明の効果） そこで、この発明者は上記従来の欠点を悉く解消するた
め鋭意研究したところ、税脂ダイズ粉末のサポニンフラ
クションから得たソーヤサポニンが血小板凝集作用を防
止することを見いだした。(Effects of the Invention) Therefore, the inventor conducted extensive research to eliminate all of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and discovered that soya saponin obtained from the saponin fraction of tax fat soybean powder prevents platelet aggregation.

その結果、脱脂ダイズ粉末のサポニンフラクションから
得たソーヤサポニンを必須成分とする食品を調整すれば
手軽に食品として経口摂取でき、肥満症の人々における
血栓症候群の併発予防に大きな効果があることを見いだ
し、この発明に至った。As a result, we found that by preparing a food containing soya saponin, which is obtained from the saponin fraction of defatted soybean powder, as an essential ingredient, it can be easily taken orally as a food, and it is highly effective in preventing complications of thrombotic syndrome in obese people. , led to this invention.

（解決手段） 即ち、この発明は脱脂ダイズ粉末のサポニンフラクショ
ンから得たソーヤサポニン（式（１））を必須成分とし
てなるソーヤサポニンからなる健康食品に係るものであ
る。(Solution Means) That is, the present invention relates to a health food made of soya saponin, which contains soya saponin (formula (1)) obtained from the saponin fraction of defatted soybean powder as an essential component.

（発明の構成） この発明において、ダイズを原料としてこの発明に係る
ソーヤサポニンからなる健康食品を得るには次のように
行う。(Structure of the Invention) In the present invention, a health food made of soya saponin according to the present invention using soybean as a raw material can be obtained as follows.

まず、ダイズを粉末にし、ｎ−ヘキサンのごとき脂溶性
溶媒を用いて脱脂処理する。次いでこの脱脂ダイズ粉末
をメタノールのごとき低級脂肪族アルコールで加熱抽出
処理する。抽出液は減圧下で溶媒を留去し、残留物をｎ
−ブタノール：水混液（１；１）で処理する。ｎ−ブタ
ノール層を減圧下溶媒留去し、残留物に少量のメタノー
ルを加えて溶解する。メタノール溶液を多量のエチルエ
ーテル中に加え、沈澱物を生じさせる。濾取した沈澱物
を水飽和ｎ−ブタノールで処理し、不溶部と可溶部に分
ける。水飽和ｎ−ブタノール可溶部を減圧蒸留に付して
溶媒を除去し、残留物をｎ−ブタノール：水混液（１：
１）で分配する。水移行部は減圧下に溶媒留去した後、
シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー（溶出溶媒：クロ
ロホルムーメタノールー水）を行いソーヤサポニンＡ１
とＡ２に分別する。それぞれの成分を含有するフラクシ
ヨンを陽イオン交換樹脂で処理することによって脱塩し
、得られる溶液を蒸発乾固すればダイズサポニン＾１、
Ａ２を得ることができる。First, soybeans are powdered and degreased using a fat-soluble solvent such as n-hexane. Next, this defatted soybean powder is heated and extracted with a lower aliphatic alcohol such as methanol. The solvent of the extract was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was
- Treat with a butanol:water mixture (1:1). The solvent of the n-butanol layer was distilled off under reduced pressure, and a small amount of methanol was added to the residue to dissolve it. The methanol solution is added to a large amount of ethyl ether to form a precipitate. The precipitate collected by filtration is treated with water-saturated n-butanol and separated into an insoluble part and a soluble part. The water-saturated n-butanol soluble portion was subjected to vacuum distillation to remove the solvent, and the residue was collected as a mixture of n-butanol and water (1:
1) Distribute. After removing the solvent under reduced pressure in the water transition section,
Silica gel column chromatography (elution solvent: chloroform-methanol-water) was performed to obtain soya saponin A1.
and A2. The fractions containing each component are desalted by treatment with a cation exchange resin, and the resulting solution is evaporated to dryness to produce soybean saponin^1,
A2 can be obtained.

上記のソーヤサポニン単離法は一例であって、類似の性
質を示す溶媒ないし溶媒系、その他の条件の変更をして
もよく最初からサポニン物質を単離する公知法を利用し
てもよい。The above method for isolating Saponin is just one example, and the solvent or solvent system showing similar properties and other conditions may be changed, and known methods for isolating the saponin substance from the beginning may be used.

以上のようにして得られたソーヤサポニンＡ１、Ａ２か
ら健康食品を得るには、常法に準じて行えばよく、即ち
菓子、清涼飲料水、主食、散剤、顆粒状に調製すればよ
く、必要に応じ増量剤、香味剤、甘味剤、賦形剤等の添
加剤を加えても良い。Health foods can be obtained from the soya saponins A1 and A2 obtained as described above by conventional methods, that is, they can be prepared into confectionery, soft drinks, staple foods, powders, or granules. Additives such as fillers, flavoring agents, sweeteners, excipients, etc. may be added as required.

又、通常この発明に係る健康食品は成人−日当たり上記
ソーヤサポニンを５００〜１０００■好ましくは５００
０■程度喫食できるよう調整すればよい。In addition, the health food according to the present invention usually contains 500 to 1000 of the above soya saponin per day for adults, preferably 500.
You just have to adjust it so that you can eat about 0.

尚、上記ソーヤサポニンは健康食品としてではなく、肥
満症の人々が併発する血栓症候群を治療するための医薬
として用いることもできる。Incidentally, the above-mentioned soya saponin can be used not only as a health food but also as a medicine for treating thrombotic syndrome that occurs in obese people.

医薬として用いる場合の服用方法は５０〜３００■好ま
しくは８０〜１５０■朝夕服用する。When used as a medicine, the dosage is 50 to 300 days, preferably 80 to 150 days in the morning and evening.

急性経口毒性はＬＤ５０　３．２ｇ／　ｋｇ以上であっ
た。Acute oral toxicity was LD50 3.2 g/kg or higher.

急性経口毒性試験はラット（Ｗｉｓｔｅｒ系：１９０〜
２３８ｇ）およびマウス（ＤＤＹ系＝１８〜２１５ｇ）
を室温２５±２℃湿度５５±５　（Ｐ、Ｈ，）でオリエ
ンタル固形飼料および水道水を自由に与えて飼育し本発
明に係るソーヤサポニンＡ１、Ａ２の諸量を経口投与し
て試験した。Acute oral toxicity tests were conducted on rats (Wister series: 190~
238g) and mouse (DDY type = 18-215g)
The animals were raised at a room temperature of 25±2° C. and a humidity of 55±5 (P, H,) with free access to Oriental chow and tap water, and tested by orally administering various amounts of soya saponins A1 and A2 according to the present invention.

ラット、マウスとも動物体重より考えて投与限界と見な
される３、２ｇ／　ｋｇの投与においても全く死亡例は
はなかった。したがってＬＤ＝３．２ｇ／ｋｇ以上であ
る。There were no deaths at all in both rats and mice, even when administered at doses of 3 and 2 g/kg, which is considered to be the upper limit of administration considering the animal's body weight. Therefore, LD=3.2 g/kg or more.

（発明の効果） 以上の如く、脱脂ダイズ粉末のサポニンフラクションか
ら得たソーヤサポニン（式（１））を必須成分としてな
るソーヤサポニンからなる健康食品は肥満症の人が併発
し易い動脈硬化、脳血栓、冠不全等の血栓症候群を防止
することのできるという効果を奏する。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the health food containing soya saponin (formula (1)) obtained from the saponin fraction of defatted soybean powder as an essential ingredient can be used to treat arteriosclerosis and cerebral thrombosis that are likely to occur in obese people. , it has the effect of being able to prevent thrombotic syndromes such as coronary insufficiency.

以下この発明に係る健康食品の実施例、実験例を記載す
ることによりこの発明の効果を一層明確なものにする。The effects of the present invention will be made clearer by describing Examples and Experimental Examples of the health food according to the present invention.

（実施例） この発明の詳細な説明すれば次の通りである。(Example) A detailed explanation of this invention is as follows.

大豆種子の粉末１０ｋｇをｎ−ヘキサン１００　ｊｌで
加熱抽出を２回行い、脱脂した。脱脂粉末は９８χメタ
ノール１００１で、２回煮沸下に３時間ずつ抽出処理し
た。抽出液を減圧蒸留に付して、１．４賭のエキスを得
た。このエキスをｎ−ブタノール：水（１：１）の混液
ｔｏｏ　ｘに溶解し、分配し静置した。10 kg of soybean seed powder was heated and extracted twice with 100 ml of n-hexane to defatte it. The defatted powder was extracted twice with 98x methanol 1001 under boiling for 3 hours each time. The extract was subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain a 1.4% extract. This extract was dissolved in a mixture of n-butanol and water (1:1), distributed, and allowed to stand.

ｎ−ブタノール移行部を分取し、減圧下に溶媒を留去し
た後、９８χメタノ一ル５ｖｇｌに溶解し、エチルエー
テル１００Ｅ中に少量ずつ加えた。生じた沈澱を濾取し
、次いで沈澱に水飽和ｎ−ブタノール１０１を加え、不
溶部と可溶部に分けた。可溶部を減圧蒸留して溶媒を完
全に留去し、残留物６４ｇを得た。この残留物はｎ−ブ
タノール：水（１：２）混液１０１を用いて分配した。After fractionating the n-butanol transfer portion and distilling off the solvent under reduced pressure, it was dissolved in 5 vgl of 98χ methanol and added little by little to ethyl ether 100E. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, and then 101 ml of water-saturated n-butanol was added to the precipitate to separate it into an insoluble portion and a soluble portion. The soluble portion was distilled under reduced pressure to completely remove the solvent, yielding 64 g of a residue. This residue was partitioned using n-butanol:water (1:2) mixture 101.

水移行部は減圧留去し、得られた残留物（３２ｇ）をシ
リカゲルカラムクロマトクラフィー［メルク社　シリカ
ゲル０（７０〜２３０メツシユ）、溶出溶媒＝クロロホ
ルム・メタノール・水（６５：３５：１０の下層〜６：
４：１）］に付した。溶出液を薄層クロマトグラフィー
［担体＝シリカゲル６０Ｆ２５４、展開溶媒＝クロロホ
ルム・メタノール・水（６：４：１）　、発色剤−１１
硫酸第２セリウム・１０χ硫酸溶液噴１１１１で検し、
Ｒｆ約０．２５とＲｆ約０．３０のそれぞれに出現する
ソーヤサポニンＡ１とソーヤサポニンＡ２を含む各フラ
クションを分取した。各フラクションは溶媒を減圧留去
し、各残留物を１００ｍ　ｌの水に懸濁させ、１ｇの陽
イオン交換樹脂（ダウエックス　５０ＷＸ８）を加え、
よく攪拌した。懸濁物は透明に溶解した。濾過したそれ
ぞれの水溶液を減圧下で蒸発乾固し、白色粉末のソーヤ
サポニンＡｌ　　１．９ｇおよびソーヤサポニンＡ２　
１．２ｇを得た。The water transfer portion was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue (32 g) was subjected to silica gel column chromatography [Merck Silica Gel 0 (70-230 mesh), elution solvent = chloroform/methanol/water (65:35:10). Lower layer~6:
4:1)]. The eluate was subjected to thin layer chromatography [carrier = silica gel 60F254, developing solvent = chloroform/methanol/water (6:4:1), color former-11
Tested with ceric sulfate/10χ sulfuric acid solution jet 1111,
Fractions containing soya saponin A1 and soya saponin A2 appearing at Rf of about 0.25 and Rf of about 0.30, respectively, were separated. The solvent of each fraction was distilled off under reduced pressure, each residue was suspended in 100 ml of water, and 1 g of cation exchange resin (Dowex 50WX8) was added.
Stir well. The suspension was clear and dissolved. The respective filtered aqueous solutions were evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain 1.9 g of white powder Soya saponin Al and Soya saponin A2.
1.2g was obtained.

各生成物は水性メタノールから再結晶して純品とした。Each product was purified by recrystallization from aqueous methanol.

以上のようなソーヤサポニンＡ１、Ａ２をそれぞれ菓子
−素置中に５０００■添加せしめて健康食品とした。A health food was prepared by adding 5,000 ml of each of the above-mentioned soya saponins A1 and A2 to a confectionery container.

（実験例） Ｗｉｓｔｅｒ−Ｋｉｎｇ系ラット（１５０〜２００ｇ）
に対してソーヤサポニンＡ１、Ａ２を第１表に示す各服
用量でそれぞれ経口摂取させその後エンドトキシン（０
，１■／ｋｇ）をラットの尾の静脈へ注射した。(Experiment example) Wistar-King rat (150-200g)
Soya saponin A1 and A2 were orally ingested at each dose shown in Table 1, and then endotoxin (0
, 1/kg) was injected into the tail vein of rats.

エンドトキシン注射後、ラットをペントバービタルで麻
酔している間にプラスチックシリンジでラットの心臓か
ら血液サンプルを採取した。After endotoxin injection, blood samples were collected from the rat's heart with a plastic syringe while the rat was anesthetized with pentobarbital.

各血液サンプルの血小板数をオートマチックブラッドセ
ルカウンターで計測した。The platelet count of each blood sample was measured using an automatic blood cell counter.

各血液サンプルの血小板数の結果を第１表に示す。The platelet count results for each blood sample are shown in Table 1.

尚、第１表中Ｎｏｒｍａｌはダイズサポニン、エンドト
キシンのいずれも与えていないラットから採取した血液
サンプルを示し、Ｃｏｎｔｏｒｏｌはグイズサボニンを
与えることなくエンドトキシンのみを与えたラットから
採取した血液サンプルを示している。In Table 1, Normal indicates a blood sample collected from a rat that was not given either soybean saponin or endotoxin, and Control indicates a blood sample collected from a rat that was given only endotoxin without giving Guizsaponin.

（以下余白） 第　　　１　　　表 ＊ダイズサポニンの単位はラットの体重に対するダイズ
サボニンの服用量（■／ｋｇ）第１表で示される通り、
エンドトキシン、ダイズサポニンのいずれも与えｔいな
いＮｏｒｍａｌでは血小板数が８８±１０　　ＸＩＯ／
Ｍであったものがエンドトキシンのみを与えているＣｏ
ｎｔｒｏｌでは３４±４×１０７鶴　に減少し、エンド
トキシンによって血液中の血小板が凝集していることが
わかる。(Leaving space below) Table 1 *The unit of soybean saponin is the dose of soybean saponin based on the rat's body weight (■/kg).As shown in Table 1,
In Normal, where neither endotoxin nor soybean saponin was given, the platelet count was 88 ± 10 XIO/
Co which was M gives only endotoxin
In ntrol, the number decreased to 34±4×10 7 , indicating that platelets in the blood were aggregated by endotoxin.

エンドトキシンを与え、かつダイズサボニンＡ１を１０
．５０．１００．２００　ｗ／　ｋｇで与えたものでは
血小板数はそれぞれＣｏｎｔｏｒｏｌに比べて減少の度
合が小さくグイズサボニンによって血小板の凝集が防止
されたことがわかる。Gives endotoxin and soybean sabonin A1 10
．． When given at 50, 100, and 200 w/kg, the platelet count decreased to a smaller degree than in Control, indicating that Guizsabonin prevented platelet aggregation.

またエンドトキシンを与え、かつダイズサボニンＡ２を
１０．５０．１００　、２００■／　ｋｇで与えたもの
ではそれぞれＣｏｎｔｏｒｏｌに比べて減少の度合が小
さく、ダイズサボニンによって血小板の凝集が防止され
たことがわかる。In addition, when endotoxin was given and soybean sabonin A2 was given at 10.50.100 and 200 μ/kg, the degree of decrease was smaller than in Control, indicating that soybean sabonin prevented platelet aggregation.

したがってダイズサポニンを必須成分とする健康食品は
血小板凝集作用の防止効果を有し、肥満症の人に対する
動脈硬化、脳血栓、冠不全等の血栓症候群の併発防止に
効果があることがわかる。Therefore, it can be seen that health foods containing soybean saponin as an essential ingredient have the effect of preventing platelet aggregation and are effective in preventing complications of thrombotic syndromes such as arteriosclerosis, cerebral thrombosis, and coronary insufficiency in obese people.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）脱脂ダイズ粉末のサポニンフラクションから得た
ソーヤサポニン（式（１））を必須成分としてなるソー
ヤサポニンからなる健康食品。 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ （式中Ｚは水素原子又はＤ−グルコピラノシル基）(1) A health food consisting of soya saponin, which contains soya saponin (formula (1)) obtained from the saponin fraction of defatted soybean powder as an essential ingredient. ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ (In the formula, Z is a hydrogen atom or a D-glucopyranosyl group)