JPS61241104A - Screw for extruding machine or kneading machine - Google Patents
Screw for extruding machine or kneading machineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61241104A JPS61241104A JP60081442A JP8144285A JPS61241104A JP S61241104 A JPS61241104 A JP S61241104A JP 60081442 A JP60081442 A JP 60081442A JP 8144285 A JP8144285 A JP 8144285A JP S61241104 A JPS61241104 A JP S61241104A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- ceramic
- materials
- extruder
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
- B29C48/682—Barrels or cylinders for twin screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/67—Screws having incorporated mixing devices not provided for in groups B29C48/52 - B29C48/66
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は押出機または混練機のスクリューに係る。ここ
でいう押出機は、いわゆる押出成形機のほか射出成形機
など、バレル内を回転するスクリューによって加工材料
を移動させるすべての機械を指称す机また、押出機およ
び混練機とも、加工材料に特別の限定はなく、プラスチ
ック、セラミック、金属粒、あるいは複合材料等のいず
れでもよいが１．特には、硬質材料あるいは少なくとも
硬質材料を含む材料に適している。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a screw for an extruder or a kneader. The extruder here refers to all machines that move processed materials by means of a screw rotating inside a barrel, such as so-called extrusion molding machines as well as injection molding machines. 1. There is no limitation, and it may be made of plastic, ceramic, metal grains, composite materials, etc. It is particularly suitable for hard materials or at least for materials containing hard materials.
合成繊維の溶融紡糸および合成樹脂の成形の工程におい
て種々のタイプの押出機あるいは射出成形機が使用され
ている。また、紡糸に先立つ顔料。Various types of extruders or injection molding machines are used in the processes of melt spinning synthetic fibers and molding synthetic resins. Also, pigments prior to spinning.
安定剤あるいは酸化チタン等の混合、樹脂複合材料のプ
レミックスおよび成形時においてガラス繊維、金属繊維
、無機繊維、炭素繊維等々の硬質繊維状物および各種の
フィラーを高分子物に混合成形する新素材、複合材料が
開発、実用化されている。A new material in which hard fibrous materials such as glass fibers, metal fibers, inorganic fibers, carbon fibers, etc., and various fillers are mixed and molded with polymer materials during the mixing of stabilizers or titanium oxide, etc., premixing of resin composite materials, and molding. , composite materials have been developed and put into practical use.
従来、このような混合、押出、加圧、成形１等のための
加工機はいずれも鋼製であり、また、その耐摩耗性、耐
塩性の向上のために、材質（合金）メッキ、異材質の融
着のような種々の手段で表面硬度を高めることが提案さ
れ、実用化されてきている。Conventionally, processing machines for such mixing, extrusion, pressurization, molding, etc. have all been made of steel, and in order to improve their wear resistance and salt resistance, materials (alloy) plating and different materials have been used. It has been proposed and put into practical use to increase surface hardness by various means such as fusing materials.
しかしながら、前記の複合材料の機能の向上に伴って、
高分子材料の耐熱性も向上するとともに、混合すべき強
度成分材料が増々高硬度になり、その結果、加工機の耐
摩耗性が金属材料では限界になり、不充分になっている
。そのため、機械部品を短期間で頻繁に交換する必要が
あり、設備交換によるコストアップ、生産性低下、成形
条件の不安定化（例えば、著しい摩耗の為に機械の新旧
によって押出圧が大きく変動する）などの問題がある。However, with the improvement of the functions of the above-mentioned composite materials,
As the heat resistance of polymeric materials improves, the strength component materials to be mixed become increasingly hard, and as a result, the wear resistance of metal materials reaches its limit and is insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently replace machine parts in a short period of time, which increases costs due to equipment replacement, reduces productivity, and makes molding conditions unstable (for example, extrusion pressure fluctuates greatly depending on the old and new machines due to significant wear). ) and other problems.
また、摩耗による鉄その他の金属が加工材料中に混入す
ることは、近年の超高純度材料の加工では問題である。In addition, the mixing of iron and other metals into processed materials due to wear is a problem in recent processing of ultra-high purity materials.
〔問題点を解決する赳めの手段〕
本発明は、輪状スクリュウの外周面に存在する螺旋溝を
形成する部分を全部または部分的にセラミック部品で構
成し、かつ該セラミック部品を該スクリューに関して取
換え可能に取付けることによって、上記の問題点を解決
する。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is characterized in that the portion forming the helical groove present on the outer circumferential surface of the annular screw is wholly or partially composed of a ceramic component, and the ceramic component is assembled with respect to the screw. The above problem is solved by attaching it interchangeably.
上記の問題点を解決するためには、溶融押出機、射出成
形機、混練機等の加工材料と接する部分を耐摩耗性およ
び耐熱性の優れた材料に変更すればよいが、無機物質（
例えば金属酸化物等のセラミック材料）あるいはガラス
繊維、金属繊維などは高硬度であり、これらと同等以上
の高硬度、耐摩耗性を有し、かつ工業的に低価格で使用
できるものはセラミック材料のみである。In order to solve the above problems, it is possible to change the parts of melt extruders, injection molding machines, kneaders, etc. that come into contact with processed materials to materials with excellent wear resistance and heat resistance, but inorganic materials (
For example, ceramic materials such as metal oxides), glass fibers, metal fibers, etc. have high hardness, and ceramic materials have hardness equal to or higher than these, have wear resistance, and can be used industrially at low cost. Only.
一方、セラミック材料は高硬度ではあるが、機械的衝撃
強度、強靭性、熱膨張率、熱伝導度等が低いので、駆動
部、熱変化頻度の大きい部分、固形物が当たる部分等は
従来の金属製であることが必要である。そこで、特に耐
摩耗性、高硬度を要する部分だけをセラミック化し、そ
の他は金属製とする。On the other hand, although ceramic materials have high hardness, they have low mechanical impact strength, toughness, coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, etc. Must be made of metal. Therefore, only the parts that require particularly high wear resistance and hardness are made of ceramic, and the rest are made of metal.
また、セラミックは靭性が不足しているので、特に、機
械の補修、洗浄等のために機械を分解するときなどに、
セラミック部にカケ、ヒビ割れ等が起き易いと考えられ
、そうした場合に、セラミック部分の特にその損傷した
部分を個別に交換し易くしておく必要がある。Also, since ceramics lack toughness, they are particularly difficult to use when disassembling machines for repairs, cleaning, etc.
It is thought that chipping, cracking, etc. are likely to occur in the ceramic parts, and in such cases, it is necessary to make it easy to individually replace the damaged parts of the ceramic parts.
以下、図面を参照して本発明によるスクリューの構成を
具体的に説明する。最初に、代表例として溶融押出機の
押出用スクリューについて説明するが、混練機等におい
ても基本的に同様である。Hereinafter, the structure of the screw according to the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to the drawings. First, an extrusion screw of a melt extruder will be explained as a representative example, but the same is basically applicable to a kneader and the like.
第１図は、本発明による溶融押出機の押出用スクリュー
の１例を断面図で示す。このスクリュー１は外周に螺旋
溝を有する複数個のセラミック製円筒体２．３，４，５
，６．７と、同様に外周に螺旋溝を有する金属製円筒体
８とを金属製軸体９で串刺にし、やはり外周に螺旋溝を
有する金属製円筒体え部材１０で固定して成る。FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an example of an extrusion screw of a melt extruder according to the present invention. This screw 1 consists of a plurality of ceramic cylindrical bodies 2.3, 4, 5 having spiral grooves on the outer periphery.
, 6.7, and a metal cylindrical body 8 which similarly has a spiral groove on its outer periphery are skewered by a metal shaft 9 and fixed with a metal cylindrical support member 10 which also has a spiral groove on its outer periphery.
第２図はこのようなスクリューを取り付けた溶融押出機
を示す。同図中、１はスクリュー、１１はバレル、１２
はホッパー、１３はノズルであり、ホッパーから供給さ
れた原料はバレル１１中をスクリュー１の回転によって
推進帯■−圧縮帯■→溶融帯■−計量帯■−混合帯■と
移動され、その間に各帯域で推進、圧縮、溶融、計量、
混合の各作用を受け、絞りゲート１３から押し出されて
成形される。なお、第２図では、ダイス、加熱帯。FIG. 2 shows a melt extruder fitted with such a screw. In the figure, 1 is a screw, 11 is a barrel, and 12 is a screw.
is a hopper, 13 is a nozzle, and the raw material supplied from the hopper is moved through the barrel 11 by the rotation of the screw 1 from the propulsion zone ■ to the compression zone ■ to the melting zone ■ to the metering zone ■ to the mixing zone ■. Propulsion, compression, melting, metering,
After being subjected to various mixing actions, it is extruded through the squeezing gate 13 and molded. In addition, in Figure 2, the dice and heating zone are shown.
冷却帯、ベントベアリング、駆動部、計量ホッパー、各
種の計測器類等は、従来の溶融押出機の場合と同じなの
で、省略した。The cooling zone, vent bearing, drive unit, weighing hopper, various measuring instruments, etc. are the same as in the case of a conventional melt extruder, so they are omitted.
この溶融押出機のスクリューのうちセラミック化されて
いるのは圧縮帯から、溶融帯、計量帯までの螺旋溝部す
なわち外周部である。このスクリューにおいて他の部品
をセラミック化しなかったのは、第１図をも併せて参照
すると、軸体９は駆動力でねじれ応力がかかるから、先
端部１０および後方ストッパー１４等は生産物切換ある
いは洗浄のためにスクリューを取り出す作業時に両端部
が損傷を受は易いから、また推進帯■の螺旋溝部８はホ
ッパから供給される固形物が当るからである。しかしな
がら、スクリューのうちセラミック化すべき長さはセラ
ミックの材質、スクリューの寿命、成形製品品種等によ
って決まり、この例に限られない。The part of the screw of this melt extruder that is made of ceramic is the spiral groove section from the compression zone to the melting zone and the metering zone, that is, the outer peripheral section. The reason why other parts of this screw were not made of ceramic is because the shaft body 9 is subjected to torsional stress due to the driving force, so the tip part 10, rear stopper 14, etc. are used for product switching or This is because both ends are easily damaged when the screw is taken out for cleaning, and the spiral groove 8 of the propulsion band (3) is hit by the solids supplied from the hopper. However, the length of the screw to be ceramicized depends on the material of the ceramic, the life of the screw, the type of molded product, etc., and is not limited to this example.
また、この例では螺旋溝付セラミック製円筒体２、３．
４．５．６．７を固定するために軸体９と先端押え部材
１０をネジ結合したが、軸体９と先端押え部材１０は一
体に形成して後方の例えばストッパー１４の部分で分割
し、ネジ結合等を行なってもよい。また、螺旋溝付金属
製円筒体８は軸体９と一体に形成してもよい。Further, in this example, spirally grooved ceramic cylinder bodies 2, 3.
4.5.6.7, the shaft body 9 and the tip presser member 10 are screwed together, but the shaft body 9 and the tip presser member 10 are formed integrally and separated at the rear part, for example, at the stopper 14. , screw connection, etc. may be performed. Further, the spirally grooved metal cylinder 8 may be formed integrally with the shaft 9.
第２図の溶融押出機では、スクリュー１のセラミック化
された部分２．３．４．５．６．７に対応するバレル部
分にもセラミック部品１５．１６．１７゜１８、１９．
２０が用いられている。In the melt extruder of FIG. 2, there are also ceramic parts 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.
20 is used.
第３図に螺旋溝付セラミックまたは金属製円筒体（例え
ば２）の形状を示す。円筒体２の外周に形成する螺旋溝
２１の形状は加工材料、押出条件により決定されるが、
複数個の円筒体を連ねた場合に螺旋溝２１が連続するよ
うにする。第２図の例では、スクリュー１に沿って■−
■の方向に溝２１が次第に深くなっている。FIG. 3 shows the shape of a spirally grooved ceramic or metal cylinder (for example 2). The shape of the spiral groove 21 formed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 2 is determined by the processing material and extrusion conditions.
The spiral grooves 21 are made continuous when a plurality of cylindrical bodies are connected. In the example of Fig. 2, along the screw 1 ■-
The groove 21 gradually becomes deeper in the direction (2).
円筒体、特にセラミック製円筒体２〜７は金属製軸体９
と結合するために、中心軸に沿って長大をあける。円筒
体２〜７は軸体９に関して円周方向に回転しないように
、第３図ａ ”−’ ｃに示す如く、キー溝を設けるか
、穴の形状を異形化する。The cylindrical bodies, especially the ceramic cylindrical bodies 2 to 7, are metal shaft bodies 9.
In order to connect with the center, make a long hole along the central axis. In order to prevent the cylindrical bodies 2 to 7 from rotating in the circumferential direction with respect to the shaft body 9, a keyway is provided or the shape of the hole is modified, as shown in FIGS.
螺旋溝付セラミック製円筒体２〜７の材料としては、耐
摩耗性、耐熱性の高いアルミナ系、ジルコニア系、窒化
珪素系などの焼結体を用いる。特に、アルミナの含有量
が８０重量％以上、特に８５〜９５重量％の焼結体が耐
摩耗性、耐衝撃性、耐熱性、成形性のすべてに優れてい
るので好ましい。As the material for the spirally grooved ceramic cylinders 2 to 7, a sintered body of alumina, zirconia, silicon nitride, or the like having high wear resistance and heat resistance is used. In particular, a sintered body with an alumina content of 80% by weight or more, particularly 85 to 95% by weight, is preferable because it has excellent wear resistance, impact resistance, heat resistance, and formability.
セラミック製円筒体３の製造は、常法に従って、成形お
よび焼成すればよい。ただ、原料粉末は、焼成後の表面
精度を良くするため粒径５μＩ以下、特に１〜３μｍ程
度のものが好ましい。成形は焼成後の収縮を考慮した寸
法、形状にしておくが、必要に応じて、焼成後、研削し
て寸法精度を向上する。The ceramic cylindrical body 3 may be manufactured by molding and firing according to a conventional method. However, in order to improve the surface precision after firing, the raw material powder preferably has a particle size of 5 .mu.I or less, particularly about 1 to 3 .mu.m. When molding, the dimensions and shape are set in consideration of shrinkage after firing, but if necessary, after firing, the dimensional accuracy is improved by grinding.
第４図は金属製軸体９および先端押え部材１０を示す。FIG. 4 shows the metal shaft body 9 and the tip pressing member 10.
軸体２は加工時にスクリューにかかる最大ねじれ応力に
耐えるために必要充分な太さを有すべきである。先端押
え部材１０は機械加工して作成するが、軸体９とのネジ
結合はスクリューの回転と逆向きにする。また、螺旋溝
付金属製円筒体８も機械加工して作成するが、前述のよ
うに軸体９と一体に作成してもよい。The shaft body 2 should have sufficient thickness to withstand the maximum torsional stress applied to the screw during processing. The tip holding member 10 is manufactured by machining, but the screw connection with the shaft body 9 is made in the opposite direction to the rotation of the screw. Further, the spirally grooved metal cylindrical body 8 is also produced by machining, but it may also be produced integrally with the shaft body 9 as described above.
第５図はスクリューの先端までセラミック部品で構成す
べき場合の態様を説明するもので、先端部の螺旋溝付セ
ラミック製円筒体２２の内部で、先端押え部材２３を用
いてセラミック製円筒体２２．２４を金属製軸体２５に
固定している。FIG. 5 explains a case where the screw is to be constructed of ceramic parts up to the tip, in which a tip holding member 23 is used to hold the ceramic cylindrical body 22 inside the ceramic cylindrical body 22 with a spiral groove at the tip. .24 is fixed to a metal shaft body 25.
第６図は以上と別のスクリューを示すが、このスクリュ
ーでは先端近くにミキシング効果を高めるための特別の
形状の溝を有するセラミック製円筒体２６が用いられて
いる。このように、本発明によるスクリューは分割され
交換可能なセラミック部品を用いているので、いろいろ
な形状の螺旋溝を有するセラミック部品を適当に組合せ
ることによって、所望の歯形を有するスクリューを構成
することが可能である。FIG. 6 shows an alternative screw, which uses a ceramic cylinder 26 with specially shaped grooves near the tip to enhance the mixing effect. As described above, since the screw according to the present invention uses ceramic parts that can be divided and replaced, it is possible to construct a screw having a desired tooth profile by appropriately combining ceramic parts having spiral grooves of various shapes. is possible.
本発明によるスクリューにおいて、セラミックと金属は
熱膨張係数が異なるので運転時の熱変化を吸収するため
に、また駆動スタート時の衝撃緩和の為に、必要に応じ
て、セラミック部材と金属部材の間あるいはセラミック
部材の間に緩衝帯を設ける。緩衝帯としては、ポリイミ
ド、ポリスルホン、ポリアミド等の樹脂、合成ゴム等の
耐熱性合成高分子のフィルム、または銅、アルミニウム
等の箔を用いてもよいし、あるいはエポキシ、メラミン
、フェノール等の樹脂を金属部材もしくはセラミック部
材上に適用して形成してもよい。In the screw according to the present invention, ceramic and metal have different coefficients of thermal expansion, so in order to absorb thermal changes during operation and to reduce shock at the start of driving, the gap between the ceramic member and the metal member is added as necessary. Alternatively, a buffer zone may be provided between the ceramic members. The buffer band may be made of resin such as polyimide, polysulfone, polyamide, heat-resistant synthetic polymer film such as synthetic rubber, or foil such as copper or aluminum, or may be made of resin such as epoxy, melamine, or phenol. It may be applied and formed on a metal member or a ceramic member.
第７図は混練機用スクリューの構造例を示す。FIG. 7 shows an example of the structure of a screw for a kneader.
このスクリューは外周に螺旋溝を有するセラミック製円
筒体３１．３２に金属製軸体３３を通し、両端で押え部
材３４．３５で固定されている。混練機用スクリューの
螺旋溝は一般的に押出機の溝より深いが、セラミック製
円筒体３１．３２の製造および組付は押出機の場合と同
様である。第８図はこのようなスクリュー２本３６．３
７で構成した２軸混練機を示す断面図である。この２軸
混練機の容器３８は内面にセラミック製内張り３９を有
している。なお、混練機の構成は、常法に従い、１軸、
２軸あるいは３軸以上で構成することができる。This screw passes a metal shaft body 33 through a ceramic cylinder body 31.32 having a spiral groove on its outer periphery, and is fixed at both ends with holding members 34.35. The helical grooves of the kneader screws are generally deeper than the grooves of the extruder, but the manufacture and assembly of the ceramic cylinders 31, 32 is similar to that of the extruder. Figure 8 shows two screws like this 36.3
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a twin-screw kneading machine configured with 7. The container 38 of this twin-screw kneader has a ceramic lining 39 on its inner surface. The composition of the kneading machine is one-shaft,
It can be configured with two axes or three or more axes.
Ｌ／Ｄ＝２５．６５ｍ の通常形式の混合、計量、溶
融、圧縮、推進の各帯域を有する押出機を基本とし、ス
クリュ一部２０００ ｍのうちの中央部の１６８０ｍ長
、即ち、計量帯から溶融帯、圧縮帯までをセラミック化
するために、長さ２８０ｆｌの螺旋溝付アルミナ製円筒
体を６個作成した。The extruder is based on a conventional extruder with L/D = 25.65 m and has mixing, metering, melting, compression, and thrusting zones, and the length of the central part of the 2000 m screw section is 1680 m, that is, from the measuring zone. In order to ceramicize the melting zone and compression zone, six spirally grooved alumina cylinders each having a length of 280 fl were prepared.
アルミナ製円筒体の作成では、粒径３μｍ以下のアルミ
ナ粉末（純度９２重量％）１００重量部、水４５〜６５
重量部、およびＰ、Ｖ、Ａ、２〜６重量部を充分に混合
し、スプレードライヤーで果粒にした後、外径７７鰭、
内径４５ｆｌ、長さ３３３鶴の中空円筒体にキー溝を付
けてバイドロスレス成形した。次いで、第３図に示す形
状になるように切削加工およびローレフト加工した。各
円筒体の螺旋溝はピッチ長（７４゜７ｍ）および山部の
形状を同じとし、谷部の深さを順次大きくした（８．１
ｍから２０．７ｍ） 、この成形体を１６５０℃で１時
間焼成した。To create an alumina cylinder, 100 parts by weight of alumina powder (purity 92% by weight) with a particle size of 3 μm or less, 45 to 65 parts by weight of water,
Parts by weight, and P, V, A, 2 to 6 parts by weight were thoroughly mixed and made into granules with a spray dryer.
A hollow cylindrical body with an inner diameter of 45 fl and a length of 333 mm was provided with a keyway and was molded into a Vidorless. Next, cutting and low left processing were performed to obtain the shape shown in FIG. The spiral grooves of each cylindrical body had the same pitch length (74°7 m) and the shape of the peaks, and the depth of the valleys was gradually increased (8.1
20.7 m), and this molded body was fired at 1650°C for 1 hour.
鋼材を機械加工して、第４図に示す如き軸体および先端
押え部材、ならびに第１図に示した如き螺旋溝付円筒体
（推進部）を作成した。軸体は円筒体挿入部の外径３７
．８ｍ、長さ２００１ｍであり、先端部にネジを切ると
共に、円筒体挿入部にキー溝加工した。軸体の後方には
、バレルの内径とほぼ同じ外径を有して加工材料の後方
への動きを止めるストッパーや、駆動装置（図示せず）
との結合部を形成した。こうして加工を終えた軸体、先
端押え部材、および円筒体は表面をハードクロムメッキ
した。A shaft body and a tip holding member as shown in FIG. 4, and a spirally grooved cylindrical body (propelling section) as shown in FIG. 1 were fabricated by machining steel materials. The shaft body has an outer diameter of 37 mm at the cylindrical body insertion part.
．． It was 8m long and 2001m long, with a thread cut at the tip and a keyway cut into the cylindrical body insertion part. At the rear of the shaft body, there is a stopper that has an outer diameter approximately the same as the inner diameter of the barrel to stop the backward movement of the processed material, and a drive device (not shown).
A joint was formed with the The surfaces of the shaft body, tip presser member, and cylindrical body thus processed were plated with hard chrome.
こうして作成した各部材を第１図に示す如く組付けた。Each member thus produced was assembled as shown in FIG.
この組付けに当って、軸体に厚さ０．２５ｍのポリイミ
ドフィルムを巻き付け・また−軸体のストッパー、各円
筒体および先端押え部材の間にそれぞれ上記と同じポリ
イミドのドーナツ形フィルムを挿入し、緩衝帯とした。For this assembly, wrap a polyimide film with a thickness of 0.25 m around the shaft, and insert the same donut-shaped polyimide film as above between the stopper of the shaft, each cylindrical body, and the tip holding member. , as a buffer zone.
このスクリューを、第２図の如く、通常形式の溶融押出
機に組付けた。This screw was assembled into a conventional melt extruder as shown in FIG.
この溶融押出機を用いて、短繊維状のガラス繊維および
酸化チタンを夫々３０重量％および２０重量％含有する
ポリオレフィン系ポリマーを一体に溶融押出する複合材
料の成形加工を行なったところ、スクリュ一部の摩耗は
殆んど見られず１年以上の使用に耐えている。Using this melt extruder, we melt-extruded a polyolefin polymer containing short glass fibers and titanium oxide at 30% and 20% by weight, respectively, to form a composite material. There is almost no visible wear and it has withstood more than a year of use.
これに対して、従来の表面をハードクロムメッキした鋼
製のスクリューを用いた押出機では、上記と同じ条件で
複合材料を溶融押出する場合、２４時間の連続運転でス
クリュ一部の摩耗により製品の混合状態が悪くなり、押
出量が８０％以下に低下して３週間で使用不可能になる
。On the other hand, when using a conventional extruder using a steel screw with a hard chrome-plated surface, when melt-extruding composite materials under the same conditions as above, parts of the screw wear out after 24 hours of continuous operation. The mixing condition deteriorates, the extrusion rate decreases to less than 80%, and the product becomes unusable in 3 weeks.
アルミナ製円筒体はスクリューを分解して容易に交換可
能である。The alumina cylinder can be easily replaced by disassembling the screw.
肛
例１の溶融押出機と類似の溶融押出機を作製した。但し
、この溶融押出機では、スクリューの螺旋溝部は全長２
１９０ｍ、外径（最大径＞ ６５−（０，３〜０．４）
ｍである。螺旋溝付セラミック製円筒体として長さ２
５０ｍのブロックをアルミナ製のもの６個、ジルコニア
製のもの２個を作成した。これらの円筒体をジルコニア
製をスクリュー先端部に配置してハードニッケルメッキ
した鋼製軸体に固定した。A melt extruder similar to that of Example 1 was constructed. However, in this melt extruder, the spiral groove of the screw has a total length of 2
190m, outer diameter (maximum diameter > 65-(0,3-0.4)
It is m. 2 lengths as spiral grooved ceramic cylinder
Six 50m blocks made of alumina and two blocks made of zirconia were made. These cylindrical bodies were fixed to a hard nickel-plated steel shaft with a zirconia screw disposed at the tip.
この軸体においても推進部および先端部には外周に螺旋
溝を有するハードニッケルメッキした鋼製部材を用いた
。In this shaft as well, a hard nickel-plated steel member having a spiral groove on the outer periphery was used for the propulsion portion and the tip portion.
バレルの内張りとして長さ２５０ｍｍ、内径６５鶴で両
端に鍔部を有する管体をアルミナ製のもの３個、窒化珪
素製のもの２個を作成した。バレルの組立に際しては、
計量部から溶融部、圧縮部までを、アルミナ製バレル内
張り３個（７５０鰭）、窒化珪素製バレル内張り２個（
５００鶴）、セラミック製内張りのない部分７５０ ｔ
ｍで構成した。また、バレル先端付近には３個のベント
を形成した。Three tubes made of alumina and two tubes made of silicon nitride were prepared as barrel linings, each having a length of 250 mm, an inner diameter of 65 mm, and flanges at both ends. When assembling the barrel,
From the measuring section to the melting section and the compression section, there are 3 alumina barrel linings (750 fins) and 2 silicon nitride barrel linings (
500 cranes), part without ceramic lining 750 tons
It was composed of m. Additionally, three vents were formed near the tip of the barrel.
押出先端の絞りゲート部の内側をジルコニアで作成し、
外側を鋼製部材で保護して先端ゲート部を作成した。The inside of the aperture gate at the extrusion tip is made of zirconia,
A tip gate was created by protecting the outside with a steel member.
この溶融押出機で、酸化チタン、珪酸マグネシウム、酸
化アルミニウム等の無機微粒子とウィスカーの混合物を
６０重量％含有する架橋性ポリエステルを一体にて溶融
押出成形した。６ケ月間連続運転しても、見掛上も、ま
た押出圧力その他の計測上も、変化なく良好に運転が可
能である。Using this melt extruder, a crosslinkable polyester containing 60% by weight of a mixture of whiskers and inorganic fine particles such as titanium oxide, magnesium silicate, and aluminum oxide was integrally melt-extruded. Even after continuous operation for 6 months, it can be operated well without any change in appearance, extrusion pressure, or other measurements.
これに対し、同じ形状のハードニッケルメッキ鋼製の溶
融押出機で同じ条件で上記の複合材料を溶融押出成形を
行なう場合、約１週間で摩耗が著しく、スクリューの肉
もりを１週間１回、バレル部の肉もりを１ケ月に１回行
なう必要があった。On the other hand, when melt-extruding the above composite material under the same conditions using a melt-extruder made of hard nickel-plated steel of the same shape, the wear was significant after about a week, and the screws had to be thickened once a week. It was necessary to grope the barrel once a month.
±１
例１と同様の手順で混練機用スクリューを２本作成した
。但し、このスクリューの形状は第７図に示す如くであ
り、螺旋溝の有効長は６００ｆｉであり、溝の深さは押
出機用スクリューの場合よりも深く一定である（２０鶴
程度）。アルミナ製円筒体は長さ４００ｆｉとし、それ
を２個用いて１本のスクリューとした。±1 Two screws for a kneader were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. However, the shape of this screw is as shown in FIG. 7, the effective length of the helical groove is 600 fi, and the depth of the groove is deeper and constant (about 20 fi) than in the case of an extruder screw. The length of the alumina cylinder was 400fi, and two of them were used to form one screw.
このアルミナ製スクリュー２本を、第８図に示す如く、
アルミナ製の内張りを有する容器中に組付けてスクリュ
ー形混練機を作成した。この混練機で、珪酸マグネシウ
ム、酸化亜鉛、ガラス繊維および安定剤を５０重量％含
有するＡＢＳ樹脂を加熱混練し、プレミックス中間製品
の製造に用いた。その結果、従来のハードニッケルメッ
キした鋼製のスクリューを用いた場合と較べて、混合ス
クリューの交換寿命が１２〜１５倍に延長された。These two alumina screws are connected as shown in Figure 8.
A screw-type kneader was fabricated by assembling it in a container lined with alumina. This kneader was used to heat and knead ABS resin containing 50% by weight of magnesium silicate, zinc oxide, glass fiber, and stabilizer, and was used to produce a premix intermediate product. As a result, the replacement life of the mixing screw was extended by 12 to 15 times compared to the case of using a conventional hard nickel-plated steel screw.
また、アルミナ製円筒体はスクリューを分解して容易に
交換可能である。Furthermore, the alumina cylinder can be easily replaced by disassembling the screw.
なお、混練機の場合には、表面仕上精度は必ずしも高く
なくてもよく、焼成前の寸法精度を高めるだけで充分で
あった。In addition, in the case of a kneader, the surface finish accuracy did not necessarily need to be high, and it was sufficient to simply improve the dimensional accuracy before firing.
本発明により、押出機および混練機用のスクリューの耐
摩耗性、耐熱性を向上し、硬質素材あるいは硬質素材を
含む材料の加工に適した押出機および混練機が提供され
、かつ、セラミックの本質に由来して割れやカケが生じ
た場合にも、損傷した部分だけを容易に取換可能である
・
なお、本発明を説明するに当っては・主として・樹脂中
に硬質素材を配分した複合材料の加工を参照したが、セ
ラミック製スクリューの使用による耐摩耗性および耐熱
性の向上という特性は、それに限らず、例えばセラミッ
クの成形加工等においても有効であることは当然であり
、また、それは実験的にも確認されている（特願昭５９
−２０９２６８号参照）。The present invention provides extruders and kneaders that improve the abrasion resistance and heat resistance of screws for extruders and kneaders, and that are suitable for processing hard materials or materials containing hard materials. Even if cracks or chips occur due to this, only the damaged parts can be easily replaced.In order to explain the present invention, we will mainly focus on composite materials in which a hard material is distributed in a resin. Although we have referred to the processing of materials, the characteristics of improved wear resistance and heat resistance due to the use of ceramic screws are not limited to this, and it is natural that they are also effective in, for example, ceramic molding processing, etc. It has also been experimentally confirmed (Patent Application 1983)
-209268).
第１図は本発明によるセラミック製押出機用スクリュー
の模式断面図、第２図は本発明によるスクリューに用い
る螺旋溝付セラミック製円筒体の正面図と側面図、第３
図は本発明によるスクリューに用いる金属製軸体の模式
図、第４図はもう１つの金属製軸体の模式図、第５図は
本発明による別のセラミック製押出機用スクリューの模
式図、第６図はスクリューの模式図、第７図は本発明に
よるセラミック型温線機用スクリューの模式図、第８図
は２軸混練機の模式断面図である。
ｌ・・・スクリュー、
２〜７・・・螺旋溝付セラミック製円筒体、８・・・螺
旋溝付金属製円筒体、
９・・・金属製軸体、
１０・・・先端押え部材、 １１・・・バレル、１２
・・・ホッパー、 １３・・・絞りゲート、１４
・・・ストッパー、
１５〜２０・・・セラミック製バレル内張り、２１・・
・螺旋溝、
２２、２４・・・先端部の螺旋溝付セラミック製円筒体
、２３・・・先端押え部材、 ２５・・・金属製軸体
、２６・・・セラミック製円筒体、
３１、３２・・・セラミック製円筒体、３３・・・金属
製軸体、 ３４．３５・・・押え部材、３８・・・
容器、
３９・・・セラミック製内張り。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a screw for a ceramic extruder according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view and side view of a ceramic cylinder with a spiral groove used in the screw according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic diagram of a metal shaft used in the screw according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another metal shaft, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another screw for a ceramic extruder according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a screw, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a screw for a ceramic hot wire machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a two-screw kneader. l...Screw, 2-7...Ceramic cylinder with spiral groove, 8...Metal cylinder with spiral groove, 9...Metal shaft, 10...Tip holding member, 11 ...barrel, 12
...Hopper, 13...Aperture gate, 14
...Stopper, 15-20...Ceramic barrel lining, 21...
- Spiral groove, 22, 24... Ceramic cylindrical body with spiral groove at the tip, 23... Tip pressing member, 25... Metal shaft, 26... Ceramic cylindrical body, 31, 32 ... Ceramic cylindrical body, 33... Metal shaft, 34.35... Pressing member, 38...
Container, 39...Ceramic lining.
Claims (1)
る部分を全部または部分的にセラミック部品で構成し、
かつ該セラミック部品を該スクリューに関して取換え可
能に取付けて成ることを特徴とする押出機または混練機
用スクリュー。 ２、前記セラミック部品と、前記スクリューの残部を成
す金属部品との間にプラスチック等からなる緩衝帯を設
けて成る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の押出機または混練
機用スクリュー。 ３、前記セラミック部品が複数個の部品からなり、該複
数個のセラミック部品の間にプラスチック等からなる緩
衝帯を設けて成る特許請求の範囲第１項または第２項記
載の押出機または混練機用スクリュー。[Claims] 1. The part forming the spiral groove existing on the outer circumferential surface of the axial screw is wholly or partially composed of ceramic parts,
A screw for an extruder or a kneader, characterized in that the ceramic part is attached to the screw so as to be replaceable. 2. The screw for an extruder or kneader according to claim 1, wherein a buffer band made of plastic or the like is provided between the ceramic part and the metal part forming the remainder of the screw. 3. The extruder or kneader according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ceramic part is composed of a plurality of parts, and a buffer band made of plastic or the like is provided between the plurality of ceramic parts. Screw for.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60081442A JPS61241104A (en) | 1985-04-18 | 1985-04-18 | Screw for extruding machine or kneading machine |
| US06/852,220 US4746220A (en) | 1985-04-18 | 1986-04-15 | Screw type extruding or kneading machine and screw used therein |
| EP86105388A EP0200117B2 (en) | 1985-04-18 | 1986-04-18 | Screw type extruding or kneading machine and screw used therein |
| DE8686105388T DE3676858D1 (en) | 1985-04-18 | 1986-04-18 | SNAIL EXTRUDER OR KNEDER AND ITS SNAIL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60081442A JPS61241104A (en) | 1985-04-18 | 1985-04-18 | Screw for extruding machine or kneading machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61241104A true JPS61241104A (en) | 1986-10-27 |
| JPS642412B2 JPS642412B2 (en) | 1989-01-17 |
Family
ID=13746509
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60081442A Granted JPS61241104A (en) | 1985-04-18 | 1985-04-18 | Screw for extruding machine or kneading machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61241104A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6398034A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1988-04-28 | Nec Corp | Shadow memory system |
| JPS63193817A (en) * | 1987-02-05 | 1988-08-11 | Noritake Co Ltd | Extrusion molding machine having inner barrel made of resin |
| JPS63145607U (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1988-09-26 | ||
| JPH04246940A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1992-09-02 | Nec Eng Ltd | Data selector monitor circuit |
| JPH057435U (en) * | 1991-07-12 | 1993-02-02 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Extruder for extrusion molding equipment |
| JP2010076266A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-08 | Kyocera Corp | Extrusion molding machine |
| CN108908899A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-30 | 北京工商大学 | A kind of the wear-and corrosion-resistant ceramics screw rod and its processing method of extruder |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4922466A (en) * | 1972-06-21 | 1974-02-27 | ||
| JPS59179298A (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1984-10-11 | ヘルマン・ベルシユトルフ・マシイネンバウ・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Press device for separating liquid and solid mixture with separation clearance having self-cleansing action |
| JPS6024521U (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-19 | 昭和電線電纜株式会社 | Screw shaft for extruder |
-
1985
- 1985-04-18 JP JP60081442A patent/JPS61241104A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4922466A (en) * | 1972-06-21 | 1974-02-27 | ||
| JPS59179298A (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1984-10-11 | ヘルマン・ベルシユトルフ・マシイネンバウ・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | Press device for separating liquid and solid mixture with separation clearance having self-cleansing action |
| JPS6024521U (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-19 | 昭和電線電纜株式会社 | Screw shaft for extruder |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6398034A (en) * | 1986-10-14 | 1988-04-28 | Nec Corp | Shadow memory system |
| JPS63193817A (en) * | 1987-02-05 | 1988-08-11 | Noritake Co Ltd | Extrusion molding machine having inner barrel made of resin |
| JPH062365B2 (en) * | 1987-02-05 | 1994-01-12 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | Extruder with resin inner barrel |
| JPS63145607U (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1988-09-26 | ||
| JPH0432253Y2 (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1992-08-03 | ||
| JPH04246940A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1992-09-02 | Nec Eng Ltd | Data selector monitor circuit |
| JPH057435U (en) * | 1991-07-12 | 1993-02-02 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Extruder for extrusion molding equipment |
| JP2010076266A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-08 | Kyocera Corp | Extrusion molding machine |
| CN108908899A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-30 | 北京工商大学 | A kind of the wear-and corrosion-resistant ceramics screw rod and its processing method of extruder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS642412B2 (en) | 1989-01-17 |
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