JPS61207549A - Sintered alloy friction material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a sintered alloy friction material having superior wear resistance, handleability and a high coefft. of friction and undergoing no reduction in the coefft. of friction even by a rainfall by blending specified amounts of Cu, Sn or Sn and Zn, graphite, a solid sulfide lubricant, a metallic oxide and a hard nitride. CONSTITUTION:The composition of a sintered alloy friction material is composed of, by weight, 30-70% Cu, 4-20% Sn or Sn+Zn, 5-15% graphite, 0.3-7% one or more kinds of solid sulfide lubricants, 0.5-10% one ore more kinds of metallic oxides and 21-50% one or more kinds of hard nitrides. Molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide may be used as the solid sulfide lubricants, alumina, silica and mullite as the metallic oxides, and Si3N4, BN, AlN and TiN as the hard nitrides.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、高摩擦係数を有する乾式焼結摩擦月利に関し
、更に詳しくは、二輪及び四輪自動車、産業用車両、鉄
道用車両等のブレーキライニング祠、ディスクブレーキ
バット材、タラツヂフエーシング材等として有用な摩擦
合金４Ａ判に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a dry sintered friction material having a high coefficient of friction, and more particularly to brake linings for two- and four-wheeled vehicles, industrial vehicles, railway vehicles, etc. This invention relates to a 4A size friction alloy useful as a shrine, a disc brake butt material, a taratsuji facing material, etc.

従来の技術及びその問題点 従来車両用特に二輪乃至四輪自動車用の摩擦月利として
ｔｅｌ：、石綿を含有するレジンモールドか使用されて
来たが、現今の公害防止の要望に対処リベく、金属繊維
を含有するセミメタリックタイプの材料が広く使用され
る様になっている。しかしながら、このセミメタリック
タイプの１亨１察月利にも、降雨時に摩１察係数か低下
する、高負荷等の苛、酷な条件下ではレジンの炭化によ
りやはり摩擦係数が低下する等の欠点がある。従って、
最近では焼結合金系の摩擦材料が次第に使用される様に
なって来たが、これについしても更に性能向上が求めら
れている。即ら、自動車においては、省エネルキーの為
の小型化及び計量化か急速に進行しており、ディスクブ
レーキ機構等に対しても小型化が要求されている。そし
て、ディスクブレーキ機構等の小型化を実現する為には
、摩擦係数が高く、摩耗量の少ない新しい焼結合金摩擦
材料が必要となっている。Conventional technology and its problems Conventionally, resin molds containing asbestos have been used as friction materials for vehicles, especially for two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles, but in order to meet the current demands for pollution prevention, Semi-metallic type materials containing metal fibers are becoming widely used. However, even with this semi-metallic type, the friction coefficient decreases during rain, and under harsh conditions such as high loads, the friction coefficient also decreases due to carbonization of the resin. There is. Therefore,
Recently, sintered alloy friction materials have been increasingly used, but there is a need for further performance improvements in these as well. That is, automobiles are rapidly becoming smaller and lighter in weight for energy-saving keys, and disc brake mechanisms and the like are also required to be smaller. In order to realize the miniaturization of disc brake mechanisms and the like, new sintered alloy friction materials with a high coefficient of friction and low wear are required.

問題点を解決づるための手段 本発明は、上記の如き要求に応えるべくなされたもので
あり、（１）銅３０〜７０重量％、（２）錫又は錫と亜
鉛の合計量４〜２０重量％、（３）黒鉛５〜１５重量％
、（４）硫化物固体潤滑剤の少なくとも１種０．３〜７
重量％、（５）金属酸化物の少なくとも１種０．５〜１
０重量％及び（６〉硬質窒化物の少なくとも１種２１〜
５０重量％からなることを特徴とする焼結合金摩擦材料
に係る。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made in response to the above-mentioned requirements. %, (3) graphite 5-15% by weight
, (4) at least one sulfide solid lubricant 0.3-7
Weight %, (5) at least one metal oxide 0.5-1
0% by weight and (6) at least one hard nitride21~
The present invention relates to a sintered alloy friction material characterized by comprising 50% by weight.

本発明によれば、耐摩耗性に優れ、摩擦係数が高く、操
作性に優れ、降雨時にも摩擦係数の低下を実質的に生じ
ない焼結合金摩擦材料が得られる。According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a sintered alloy friction material that has excellent wear resistance, a high coefficient of friction, excellent operability, and whose coefficient of friction does not substantially decrease even when it rains.

以下本発明の焼結合金摩擦材料の各成分について説明す
る。これ等の各成分は、相互に関連しっつ摩Ｊ！　ｔ、
Ｊ　）’ｌとしての物性に影ｗ′？ｌるのて、夫々の限
定理由を個別に論すること（ｊ１必Ｊ−シも妥当ではな
いか、一応の限定理由を悟ｌて示す。Each component of the sintered alloy friction material of the present invention will be explained below. Each of these components is related to each other! t,
J) 'Is there a shadow on the physical properties as 'l'? Let's discuss the reasons for each limitation individually (Isn't j1 necessary J-shi also valid?

（１）銅及び（２）錫又は錫と亜鉛 これ等【Ｊｌ、合金摩１寮月利の素地をなすものであり
、焼結によって合金化して、いわゆる青銅地を形成し、
素地の強度を高める。特に強度の装車から、銅３０〜７
０重量％に対し錫又は錫及び亜鉛４・〜２０重量％とす
る。錫又は錫及び亜鉛が４重量％未満の場合に【Ｊｌ、
黒鉛その他の非金属を保持するに充分な強度が得られず
、一方２０重量％を上回る場合に番Ｊ１、摩擦月利を脆
化させ、強度を低下させる。(1) Copper and (2) Tin or tin and zinc, which form the base of the alloy, and are alloyed by sintering to form the so-called bronze base.
Increases the strength of the substrate. Especially from strong vehicle mounting, copper 30~7
The amount of tin or tin and zinc is 4.about.20% by weight relative to 0% by weight. If tin or tin and zinc is less than 4% by weight, [Jl,
Sufficient strength to hold graphite and other non-metals cannot be obtained, and on the other hand, if it exceeds 20% by weight, the strength becomes brittle and the strength decreases.

（３）黒　鉛 黒鉛の添加は、主として摩擦係数を安定さ−ｌる。(3) Graphite The addition of graphite primarily stabilizes the coefficient of friction.

即ら、一般に相互に回動する摩擦月利の二面間に発生す
る摩１察力は、（イ）二面間の一部に生ずる凝着を剪断
するに要する力、及び（ロ）硬質粒子による相手材への
掘りおこし力によるといわれている。黒鉛は、この様な
二面間に存在することにより、二面間に生ずる凝着を制
御する。従って適当量の黒鉛の存在により、摩擦月利の
摩擦係数が向上するととちに安定化され、併せて耐摩耗
性も向上する。That is, in general, the frictional force generated between two mutually rotating frictional surfaces is (a) the force required to shear the adhesion that occurs on a part of the two surfaces, and (b) the hard This is said to be due to the force of the particles digging into the mating material. By existing between these two surfaces, graphite controls adhesion that occurs between the two surfaces. Therefore, the presence of an appropriate amount of graphite improves and stabilizes the friction coefficient of the friction coefficient, and also improves the wear resistance.

黒鉛の量が５重量％未満では、上記の効果が十分に奏さ
れないのに対し、１５重量％を上回る場合には、材料強
度が低下するとともに摩擦係数が低下する。If the amount of graphite is less than 5% by weight, the above-mentioned effects will not be sufficiently exhibited, whereas if it exceeds 15% by weight, the material strength will decrease and the coefficient of friction will decrease.

（４）二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン、硫化マ
ンガン等の硫化物固体潤滑剤の少なくとも１種 二硫化モリブデン等は、黒鉛と同様の効果を奏するのみ
ならず、いわゆる“鳴き″の防止及び高荷重時の潤滑性
付与という顕著な効果をも発揮する。二硫化モリブデン
等の使用量は、０．３〜７重量％とする。これ等の使用
量が、０．３％未満の場合には、添加の効果が十分に発
揮されず、一方７重量％を上回る場合には、材料強度及
び摩擦係数か低下する。(4) At least one type of sulfide solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, manganese sulfide, etc.Molybdenum disulfide not only has the same effect as graphite, but also prevents so-called "squeal" and can handle high loads. It also has the remarkable effect of imparting lubricity when used. The amount of molybdenum disulfide used is 0.3 to 7% by weight. If the amount used is less than 0.3%, the effect of addition will not be sufficiently exhibited, while if it exceeds 7% by weight, the material strength and friction coefficient will decrease.

（５）アルミノ−、シリカ、ムライト等の金属酸化物の
少なくとも１種 アルミナ等は、０．５〜］Ｏ重量％の使用範囲において
、前記の掘りおこし効果を奏するとともに、摩擦熱によ
り相手側摺動面に生成する酸化皮膜を除去することによ
り摩擦月利間の凝着を安定的に発生させて、安定的な摩
擦力を発揮さ−ける。(5) At least one kind of metal oxide such as alumino, silica, mullite, etc.Alumina etc. exhibits the above-mentioned excavation effect in the range of use of 0.5 to ]O weight%, and also causes sliding on the other side due to frictional heat. By removing the oxide film that forms on the surface, adhesion between the friction surfaces can be stably generated and stable frictional force can be exerted.

使用量が０．５重量％未満の場合には、上記の効果が十
分′に発揮されず、一方１０重量％を上回る場合には、
相手側摺動面を荒損させる傾向がある。If the amount used is less than 0.5% by weight, the above effects will not be fully exhibited, while if it exceeds 10% by weight,
There is a tendency to damage the sliding surface on the other side.

（６）Ｓ！ａＮａ、Ａ９Ｎ、ＢＮ、ＴｔＮ等の硬質窒化
物の少なくとも１種 これ等は摩擦係数の改善１こ特１こ寄与する。これ等の
量が２１重量％未満では、摩擦係数の向上が充分に行な
われ得す、一方５０重量％を上回る場合にｌ５ｊ１、素
地弾痕が低下するとどもに、摩耗量かかえって増大づる
。(6) S! At least one hard nitride such as aNa, A9N, BN, TtN, etc. contributes to an improvement in the coefficient of friction. When these amounts are less than 21% by weight, the coefficient of friction can be sufficiently improved, while when it exceeds 50% by weight, the bullet holes in the substrate decrease and the amount of wear increases.

本発明１．Ｉ　Ｎ’３＋を使用して所望の製品、例えば
ディスクブレーキ川部品を製造゛？ｌ−るには、常法に
従って各原料粉末を配合し、これを所定の形状にブルス
成形した後、中性又はｊ累元性雰囲気中３〜７ｋｆｌ／
ｃ…２稈度の加珪下に７３０・−８８０’Ｃ程度で焼成
覆れば良い。Present invention 1. Can you use IN'3+ to manufacture desired products, such as disc brake parts? To prepare the l-l, each raw material powder is blended according to a conventional method, and after the mixture is molded into a predetermined shape, it is heated at 3 to 7 kfl/in a neutral or neutral atmosphere.
c...It is sufficient to cover it by firing at about 730 to -880'C under a 2-culm degree refractory.

発明の効果 本発明による焼結合金摩擦柵オ゛：１の摩１寮係数は、
従来品（０，３〜・０．５程度）に比して高く、０．５
〜Ｏ０ε３稈麿にも達する。従って、水弁明月１！３＋
を例えば−二輪及び四輪自動車用のディスクブレーギの
バットとして使用づる場合には、（イ）ブレーキ性能の
向上、（［１）バット及びディスクの耐摩耗性の向上、
（ハ）ブレーキ機構の小型化、（ニ）パッドのインシュ
レーターの簡素化等の効果か奏される。Effects of the Invention The friction coefficient of the sintered alloy friction fence according to the present invention is:
Higher than conventional products (about 0.3 to 0.5), 0.5
〜O0ε3 culms are reached. Therefore, Mizuben Meigetsu 1!3+
For example, when used as a butt for disc brakes for two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles, (a) improved braking performance, ([1) improved wear resistance of the butt and disc,
(c) The brake mechanism is made smaller, and (d) the pad insulator is simplified.

実施例 以下、実施例及び比較例により本発明の特徴とするとこ
ろをより−・目明らかにづる。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the features of the present invention will be explained more clearly through examples and comparative examples.

実施例１”−６及び比較例１・′〜・２貨）１表に示す
割合の各１爪利と残余銅とからなる配合物１００車早部
を／′Ｉｔｏｎ／ｃｍ２の圧力て成形した後、成形物を
ＣＬＪメツＡルた鋼板上に載ｌ、Ｎ２雰囲気中ｂｋｏ／
ｍｍ２の荷重をか（づ−Ｕ７８０’Ｃで６０分間焼成し
た。Example 1''-6 and Comparative Example 1・'~・2 pieces) 100 pieces of a compound consisting of one piece each and the remaining copper in the proportions shown in the table were molded at a pressure of /'Iton/cm2. After that, the molded product was placed on a CLJ metal plate and heated in a N2 atmosphere.
It was fired for 60 minutes with a load of mm2 in a U780'C.

第　　１　　表 かくして得た焼成品をバット材として慣性力１．２５ｋ
Ｏ−ｍ−ｓｅｃ　２．７Ｌ／−”ｒ初ＲＷ５０ｋｍ／ｌ
ｌｒ、接触面積２０ＣＩｌ１２、面圧２０ｋＭｃｍ２の
条件下に相手ディスク材（１３クローム鋼）に対し６０
秒間隔で３００回繰返し制動接触させた。Table 1 Using the thus obtained fired product as a bat material, the inertia was 1.25 k.
O-m-sec 2.7L/-”r first RW50km/l
60 against the mating disc material (13 chrome steel) under the conditions of lr, contact area 20CIl12, and surface pressure 20kMccm2.
Braking contact was repeated 300 times at intervals of seconds.

平均摩擦係数並びにパッド材及びディスク材の摩耗量を
第２表に示す。Table 2 shows the average coefficient of friction and the amount of wear of the pad material and disk material.

第２表に示す結果から明らかな、如く、本発明による焼
結合金摩１料は、高い摩擦係数を有しており、耐摩耗性
に優れ、１つ相手材の摩耗量も少ない。As is clear from the results shown in Table 2, the sintered alloy abrasive material according to the present invention has a high coefficient of friction, excellent wear resistance, and a small amount of wear on the mating material.

（以　　　」二）(hereinafter “2)”

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 ［１］（１）銅３０〜７０重量％、 （２）錫又は錫と亜鉛の合計量４〜２０重量％、（３）
黒鉛５〜１５重量％、 （４）硫化物固体潤滑剤の少なくとも１種 ０．３〜７重量％、 （５）金属酸化物の少なくとも１種０．５〜１０重量％
、及び （６）硬質窒化物の少なくとも１種２１〜５０重量％、 からなることを特徴とする焼結合金摩擦材料。[Claims] [1] (1) 30 to 70% by weight of copper, (2) 4 to 20% by weight of tin or a total amount of tin and zinc, (3)
5 to 15% by weight of graphite, (4) 0.3 to 7% by weight of at least one sulfide solid lubricant, (5) 0.5 to 10% by weight of at least one metal oxide.
, and (6) 21 to 50% by weight of at least one hard nitride.