JPS61198599A - Rotating anode x-ray tube device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent breakage and fault due to faulty insulation by giving a rectifying effect of cooling insulating oil to a supporting member of X-ray tube bulb and preventing carbonization caused by deterioration decomposition of insulating oil, so as to maintain its insulating property. CONSTITUTION:Insulating oil 13 is supplied from a oil-introducing inlet 10a, which is prepared at a negative electrode-side hauberk 10, into a surrounding container, and is exausted from an oil exhaust outlet 12a, which is prepared at an anode side hauberk 12, and then is returned to 10a by way of a cooler and pump (both are not illustrated). Since the gap between a vacuum container 8 and negative electrode-side supporting member 16 is kept constant towards the axial direction of the vacuum container 8, insulating oil 13 flows at a nearly constant speed along the surrounding of the vacuum container and absorbs heat effectively. Therefore, the vacuum container 8 can be prevented from breaking down.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の利用分野〕 本発明は回転陽極Ｘ線管装置における回転陽極Ｘ線管の
冷却、並びに支持装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a cooling and supporting device for a rotating anode X-ray tube in a rotating anode X-ray tube apparatus.

〔発明の背景〕[Background of the invention]

従来から、回転陽極、及び陰極体を収納した真空容器を
、油を封入したハウジング内に配設した小型構造の回転
陽極Ｘ線管装置なるものが在る。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a rotary anode X-ray tube device having a small structure in which a vacuum container containing a rotary anode and a cathode body is disposed in a housing filled with oil.

ところで最近の゛ＸＸ線　Ｔ　（ＣａｍｐｕｔｅａＴｏ
ｍｏｇｒａｐｈソ　）装置の普及、進歩によシ回転陽極
Ｘ線管装置の大容量化が強く望まれている。大容量化に
伴いＸ線管を動作させると回転陽極の、特にＸ線発生源
のタニゲットの温度が高くなるため、真空容器の冷却、
及びＸ線発生に必要な高電圧に対する絶縁性能の維持が
問題となる。真空容器が部分的にせよ高温となシ、真空
容器が溶解したり溶解せずとも真空容器からガスが放出
し、真空度を低下させると共に、高電圧印加時に放電現
象が生じＸ線″撮影ができなくなるとｂう不具合が生じ
る。また、真空容器の温度が高くなり、油がその面１熱
温度以」二に加熱されると劣化分解し、炭化物（スラッ
ジ）を作る。炭化物が発生すると油の絶縁性が低下し、
これが真空容器に付着するとＸ線管装置に高電圧を印加
したとき、炭化物に対して放電し最悪の場合真空容器を
破損する事態に陥いる。この対策として、真空容器と・
・ウジング内の構造物との距離を十分大きくとり、絶縁
性の維持及び放電の防止がなされている。By the way, the recent XX-ray T (CamputeaTo
With the spread and progress of mograph devices, there is a strong desire to increase the capacity of rotating anode X-ray tube devices. When the X-ray tube is operated as the capacity increases, the temperature of the rotating anode, especially the tourniquet of the X-ray source, increases, so cooling of the vacuum vessel and
Another problem is maintaining insulation performance against the high voltage required to generate X-rays. If the vacuum container is partially heated to high temperatures, gas may be released from the vacuum container even if the vacuum container is not melted, lowering the degree of vacuum, and a discharge phenomenon may occur when high voltage is applied, causing X-ray imaging. If the temperature of the vacuum container becomes high and the surface of the oil is heated above the thermal temperature, it deteriorates and decomposes, forming char (sludge). When carbides occur, the insulation properties of the oil decrease,
If this adheres to the vacuum vessel, when a high voltage is applied to the X-ray tube device, a discharge will occur against the carbide, resulting in damage to the vacuum vessel in the worst case. As a countermeasure for this, a vacuum container and
・The distance from the structure inside the housing is kept sufficiently large to maintain insulation and prevent electrical discharge.

しかし、大容量化に対処し得る根本的な方策はいままで
は無く、問題が起さない限界条件でＸ線管装置を使用し
ているのが実情で、大容量化が難かしい。However, until now there has been no fundamental measure to cope with increasing the capacity, and the reality is that X-ray tube devices are used under limit conditions that do not cause problems, making it difficult to increase the capacity.

絶縁油の流れに着目してステータコイルの冷却の改善を
目的とした発明に実開昭５８−１６０（ｔｏがある。し
かし、真空容器から発生する熱まで含めてＸ線管装置全
体の絶縁油への放熱を考慮していない。Japanese Utility Model Application No. 58-160 (to) is an invention aimed at improving the cooling of stator coils by focusing on the flow of insulating oil. It does not take into account heat dissipation to.

〔発明の目的〕 本発明の目的は絶縁油の劣化分解を防止し、長寿命で高
性能な大容量Ｘ線管装置を提供するととにある。[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to prevent deterioration and decomposition of insulating oil, and to provide a long-life, high-performance, large-capacity X-ray tube device.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

本発明の特徴とするところはＸ線管球の支持部材に冷却
絶縁油の整流効果を持たせ、絶縁油の劣化分解による炭
化を防止することにより絶縁性の維持を図り、絶縁不良
に起因する破損、不良を防止することにある。A feature of the present invention is that the supporting member of the X-ray tube has a rectifying effect on the cooling insulating oil and prevents carbonization due to deterioration and decomposition of the insulating oil, thereby maintaining insulation properties. The purpose is to prevent damage and defects.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

以下、この発明の実施例を図面を参照して説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第１図は本発明に係る回転陽極Ｘ線管装置の一実施例を
示す断面図である。ターゲット１、モータロータ４、回
転軸５、゛軸受支持部材７が回転陽極を構成し、ターゲ
ット１に対向して陰極体２が配置され、陰極体２は電極
３およびフィラメント（図示せず）を有している。ター
ゲット１はモータロータ４の一端に支持され、これらは
玉軸受６に回転自在に保持される回転軸５に取付けられ
ている。玉軸受６は軸受支持部材７に収納配設され、軸
受支持部材の一部は真空容器８の端部で真空封止固定さ
れ、真空容器８の他端部に陰極体２が同様に真空封止固
定されている。このように組立構成した真空容器８を回
転陽極Ｘ線管と呼ぶ。また、真空容器８のモータロータ
４に対応する部分の外周側に配置されたフレーム９ａに
はモータステータ９が配設されており、前記ターゲット
１をはじめとする回転陽極は該モータステータ９の回転
磁界発生により駆動される。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a rotating anode X-ray tube device according to the present invention. A target 1, a motor rotor 4, a rotating shaft 5, and a bearing support member 7 constitute a rotating anode, a cathode body 2 is disposed facing the target 1, and the cathode body 2 has an electrode 3 and a filament (not shown). are doing. The target 1 is supported at one end of a motor rotor 4, which is attached to a rotating shaft 5 rotatably held by a ball bearing 6. The ball bearing 6 is housed and arranged in a bearing support member 7, a part of the bearing support member is vacuum-sealed and fixed at the end of the vacuum container 8, and the cathode body 2 is similarly vacuum-sealed at the other end of the vacuum container 8. Fixed. The vacuum vessel 8 assembled and configured in this manner is called a rotating anode X-ray tube. Further, a motor stator 9 is disposed on a frame 9a disposed on the outer peripheral side of a portion of the vacuum vessel 8 corresponding to the motor rotor 4, and the rotating anode including the target 1 is exposed to the rotating magnetic field of the motor stator 9. Driven by occurrence.

真空容器８０回転陽極側は管球取付具１５を介して陽極
側管球支持部材１４に支持され、陰極側は弾性体１７を
介して陰極側管球支持部材１６におのおの支持される。The anode side of the vacuum vessel 80 is supported by an anode tube support member 14 via a tube fixture 15, and the cathode side is supported by a cathode tube support member 16 via an elastic body 17.

なお、管球取付具１５に適当な振動減衰機構を備える装
置もある。陽極側支持部材１４は一端が閉じられ他端に
フランジ部を有する円筒状をなし、センタハウベ１１に
取りけられる。なお、センタハウベ１１は陰極側ハウベ
１０及び陽極側ハウベ１２とともに外囲容器を構成し、
外囲容器内部は絶縁と冷却のため絶縁油１３が封入され
ている。絶縁油１３は陰極側ハウベ１０に設けられた油
導入口１０ａから外囲容器内に供給され、陽極側ハウベ
１２に設けられた油排出口１２ａから排出され冷却器、
ポンプ（共に図示せず）を経て１０ａに戻る。陰極側管
球支持部材１６は７端が絞られ、他端にフランジ部を有
する円筒カップ状をなし、センタハウベ１１に装着され
る。Note that some devices include a suitable vibration damping mechanism in the tube fitting 15. The anode side support member 14 has a cylindrical shape with one end closed and a flange portion at the other end, and is attached to the center hub 11. Note that the center Haube 11 constitutes an envelope together with the cathode side Haube 10 and the anode side Haube 12,
Insulating oil 13 is sealed inside the envelope for insulation and cooling. The insulating oil 13 is supplied into the envelope container from an oil inlet 10a provided on the cathode side Haube 10, and is discharged from an oil outlet 12a provided on the anode side Haube 12 to a cooler,
It returns to 10a via a pump (both not shown). The cathode side tube support member 16 has a cylindrical cup shape with seven ends constricted and a flange portion at the other end, and is attached to the center hub 11 .

なお、本実施例では陽極側管球支持部材１４、陰極側管
球支持部材１６ともにセンタハウペ１１に装着されるが
、陰極側管球支持部材１６を陰極側ハウベ１０に装着し
てもかまわない。In this embodiment, both the anode tube support member 14 and the cathode tube support member 16 are attached to the center Haupe 11, but the cathode tube support member 16 may be attached to the cathode Haupe 10.

上記の構成において陰極体２の電極３のフィラメントで
発生した熱電子を、陰極側と回転陽極側間に印加した高
電圧によシ集束加速し、ターゲット１表面に衝突させ颯
（矢印Ａ）ことばより矢印（矢印Ｂ）の方向にＸ線を発
生させる。ｌｌａはＸ線放射窓である。熱電子が衝突し
てＸ線を発生する回転陽極のターゲット１の平均温度は
最高１３００Ｃに達するが、真空容器８内部は高真空の
ためターゲット１の熱は輻射伝熱により真空容器８を通
してハウベ１０，１１．１２内の絶縁油１３に放射され
る。しかし、回転陽極Ｘ線管を大容量化する場合、ター
ゲラｌ−１で生じる熱量は絶縁油】３に伝えられる限界
にまで増やされ、絶縁油１３は面１熱温度ぎりぎりまで
加熱される。この場合、絶縁油１３が高温のため劣化分
解し炭化物が生じると、真空容器８を取り巻く絶縁油１
３の層が厚いほどハウベ１０，１１，１２、あるいは管
球支持部材への放電は起こりにくいが、炭化物が真空容
器８に付着してしまえば、そこに向かって陰極２．３か
ら放電し、撮影不能、最悪の場合は真空容器の破損を招
く。すなわち、上記大容量化における問題の根本的解決
策は絶縁油１３の劣化防止技術にあるのである。そのひ
とつの対策として油そのものの改善により劣化をなくシ
、炭化物を形成させない方法が考えられる。しかし、絶
　。In the above configuration, thermionic electrons generated in the filament of the electrode 3 of the cathode body 2 are focused and accelerated by a high voltage applied between the cathode side and the rotating anode side, and are caused to collide with the surface of the target 1 (arrow A). X-rays are generated in the direction of the arrow (arrow B). lla is the X-ray emission window. The average temperature of the target 1 of the rotating anode, where thermoelectrons collide and generate X-rays, reaches a maximum of 1300 C, but since the inside of the vacuum chamber 8 is a high vacuum, the heat of the target 1 is transferred through the vacuum chamber 8 to the Haube 10 by radiation heat transfer. , 11. 12 is radiated to the insulating oil 13. However, when increasing the capacity of the rotary anode X-ray tube, the amount of heat generated in the targera 1-1 is increased to the limit that can be transmitted to the insulating oil 13, and the insulating oil 13 is heated to the edge of the surface 1 thermal temperature. In this case, if the insulating oil 13 deteriorates and decomposes due to high temperature and carbide is generated, the insulating oil 13 surrounding the vacuum container 8
The thicker the layer 3, the less likely a discharge will occur to the Haube 10, 11, 12 or the bulb support member, but if the carbide adheres to the vacuum vessel 8, the cathode 2.3 will discharge there. It will not be possible to take pictures, and in the worst case, the vacuum container will be damaged. In other words, the fundamental solution to the problem of increasing capacity lies in a technique for preventing deterioration of the insulating oil 13. One possible countermeasure is to improve the oil itself to eliminate deterioration and prevent the formation of carbides. But absolutely.

縁油１３は本来、他の一般の油にくらべ高純度の合成油
で最も劣化しにくい。それゆえ、質の向上には限度があ
り、結局、真空容器８の高温部に停留していれば次第に
炭化物を生じてしまう。Rim oil 13 is originally a synthetic oil with high purity and is the least likely to deteriorate compared to other general oils. Therefore, there is a limit to the improvement in quality, and if it remains in the high-temperature part of the vacuum container 8, it will gradually produce carbide.

そこで、発明者等は油の停留、すなわち淀みに着目した
。近年、自動車の高性能化、高出力化のため、ターボチ
ャージャを装着する車種が増加しているが、ターボチャ
ージャの潤滑油が炭化物を形成し、それが軸受部に異物
として進入、介在し焼付き等の不具合を起とすことかあ
る。これはエンジン停止後、３００Ｃ以上の高温となっ
ている羽根車に付着した潤滑油が熱のため炭化するため
で、これを解決するためには、エンジン停止前シばらく
の間アイドリンクにより羽根車を潤滑油の炭化が起こら
ない温度にまで冷却すると良い。発明者等はこの現象に
着目し、絶縁油１３の淀みを解消することが回転陽極Ｘ
線管の絶縁耐力低下防止、すなわち大容量化の根本的解
決策になると考えた。Therefore, the inventors focused on oil stagnation, that is, stagnation. In recent years, in order to improve the performance and output of automobiles, an increasing number of car models are equipped with turbochargers.However, the lubricating oil of the turbocharger forms carbide, which enters the bearing part as a foreign object and burns out. This may cause problems such as sticking. This is because the lubricating oil adhering to the impeller, which is at a high temperature of 300C or more after the engine has stopped, is carbonized due to the heat. It is a good idea to cool the car to a temperature that does not cause carbonization of the lubricating oil. The inventors focused on this phenomenon, and the rotating anode
We thought this would be a fundamental solution to preventing the dielectric strength of wire tubes from decreasing, or in other words, increasing capacity.

陰極側ハウベ１０の油導入口Ｂｏａから供給された冷却
された絶縁油１３は第１図中矢印の如く流れる。すなわ
ち陰極側管球支持部材１６の頭頂部に設けられた開口部
１６ａから真空容器８の陰極側に流入し、真空容器８と
陰極側支持部材１６とのすき間を流れていく。このすき
間は真空容器８の軸方向に向かって一定であり、絶縁油
１３はほぼ一定の流速で真空容器の外側を陽極側へ流れ
て行く。第２図は比較のために従来の回転陽極Ｘ線管装
置を示す。第２図において真空容器８のｓａ、ｓｂ部は
絶縁油１３の流速がきわめて遅く、淀みができ易いこと
は明らかである。ターゲット１の熱を直接受熱する８ｂ
部は絶縁油１３が最も加熱される個所であり、淀みが生
じる上方化分解が進む。ここで第１図にもどるが、本発
明のＸ線管装置はセンタハウベ１１における絶竺油１３
の流れは従来例とほとんど変わらない。しかし、Ｘ　　
′線管の陽極部へ続く真空容器８のくびれに応じそ、真
空容器８とハウペ１１間のすきまが一定となる。The cooled insulating oil 13 supplied from the oil inlet Boa of the cathode side Haube 10 flows as indicated by the arrow in FIG. That is, it flows into the cathode side of the vacuum container 8 through the opening 16 a provided at the top of the cathode side tube support member 16 and flows through the gap between the vacuum container 8 and the cathode side support member 16 . This gap is constant in the axial direction of the vacuum container 8, and the insulating oil 13 flows at a substantially constant flow rate on the outside of the vacuum container toward the anode side. FIG. 2 shows a conventional rotating anode X-ray tube device for comparison. In FIG. 2, it is clear that the flow rate of the insulating oil 13 in the sa and sb portions of the vacuum vessel 8 is extremely slow and stagnation is likely to occur. 8b that directly receives heat from target 1
This is the part where the insulating oil 13 is heated the most, and upward decomposition that causes stagnation progresses. Here, returning to FIG. 1, the X-ray tube device of the present invention
The flow is almost the same as the conventional example. However, X
'The gap between the vacuum vessel 8 and the vacuum vessel 11 becomes constant according to the constriction of the vacuum vessel 8 leading to the anode portion of the wire tube.

ようにモータステータ９のフレーム９ａが取シ付けられ
ている。ターゲット１の裏側にあたる真空容器８の８ｄ
部は蜂も高温となり、真空容器８そのものの耐熱温度近
くまで加熱されるが、絶縁油１３が淀むことなく、有効
に熱を吸収するので従来、往々にして生じた真空容器８
の破損、ガス放出は防止できる。フレーム９ａと真空容
器８０間を流れた絶縁油１３は陽極側管球支持部材１４
に行く先をさえぎられ、向きを１８０度転回してモータ
ステータ９と陽極側支持部材１４の間を流れ、モータス
テータ９より陰極側に設けられた流出口１４ａから陽極
側支持部材１４の外側に流れ陽極側ハウベ１２の油排出
口１２ａから冷却器、ポンプ（共に図示せず）へ導かれ
る。モータステータ９゛は大容量Ｘ線管におい千は連続
的に高速駆動するため発熱量が多く、冷却が不十分であ
ると駆動力の低下、あるいはモータステータコイルの破
損に至る。本発明では、絶縁油１３の全流量が有効にモ
ータステータ９を冷却する。The frame 9a of the motor stator 9 is attached as shown. 8d of vacuum container 8 on the back side of target 1
The bee also reaches a high temperature and is heated close to the heat-resistant temperature of the vacuum container 8 itself, but the insulating oil 13 effectively absorbs the heat without stagnation, so the vacuum container 8
damage and gas release can be prevented. The insulating oil 13 flowing between the frame 9a and the vacuum vessel 80 is transferred to the anode side tube support member 14.
The flow is blocked by the flow, the direction is turned 180 degrees, the flow flows between the motor stator 9 and the anode side support member 14, and the flow flows to the outside of the anode side support member 14 from the outlet 14a provided on the cathode side of the motor stator 9. The oil is led from the oil outlet 12a of the anode side Haube 12 to a cooler and a pump (both not shown). Since the motor stator 9' is a large-capacity X-ray tube and is continuously driven at high speed, it generates a large amount of heat, and insufficient cooling may result in a reduction in driving force or damage to the motor stator coil. In the present invention, the entire flow rate of the insulating oil 13 effectively cools the motor stator 9.

なお、本実施例でｉ′絶縁油１３を陰極側から陽極側へ
流したが、逆に陽極側から陰極側へ流しても本発明の効
果は変わることはない。In this embodiment, the i' insulating oil 13 was flowed from the cathode side to the anode side, but the effect of the present invention does not change even if it is flowed from the anode side to the cathode side.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上の如く、本発明によればＸ線管球の支持部材に冷却
絶縁油の整流効果を持たせ、絶縁油の劣−化分解による
炭化を防止することにより絶縁性の維持を図シ、絶縁不
良による破損、不良を防止できるので、長寿命で高性能
な大容量Ｘ線管装置を提供できる効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, the supporting member of the X-ray tube has a rectifying effect on the cooling insulating oil and prevents carbonization due to deterioration and decomposition of the insulating oil, thereby maintaining insulation properties. Since damage and defects due to defects can be prevented, it is possible to provide a long-life, high-performance, large-capacity X-ray tube device.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明による回転陽極Ｘ線管装置の一実施例を
示す縦断面図、第２図は従来公知の回転陽極Ｘ線管装置
の縦断面図。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a rotating anode X-ray tube device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventionally known rotating anode X-ray tube device.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １、陰極及び陰極と対向配置した回転陽極と、これらを
覆う管球容器で構成され、容器内を真空とした回転陽極
Ｘ線管と、回転磁界発生装置とこれらを冷却絶縁油中に
収納支持する外囲容器からなる回転陽極Ｘ線管装置にお
いて、回転陽極Ｘ線管を支持する管球支持部材を回転陽
極Ｘ線管の陽極側及び陰極側に設け、陰極側管球支持部
材は上記管球容器と一定の間隔を有する円筒カップ状を
なし、陰極側支持部材は上記回転磁界発生装置と一定の
間隔を有する円筒カップ状をなし、前記陰極側管球支持
部材は頭頂部に上記冷却絶縁油の流出入口を設け、前記
陽極側管球支持部材は円筒部の磁界発生装置より陰極側
の部位に前記冷却絶縁油の流出入口を設け、冷却絶縁油
の全流量が前記管球容器及び前記磁界発生装置の発熱部
材周辺を淀みなく流れることを特徴とした回転陽極Ｘ線
管装置。1. A rotating anode X-ray tube consisting of a cathode, a rotating anode placed opposite the cathode, and a tube container that covers these, with the container being evacuated, a rotating magnetic field generator, and these are housed and supported in cooling insulating oil. In a rotary anode X-ray tube apparatus consisting of an envelope, tube support members for supporting the rotary anode X-ray tube are provided on the anode side and cathode side of the rotary anode X-ray tube, and the cathode side tube support member is provided on the anode side and the cathode side of the rotary anode X-ray tube. The cathode side support member has a cylindrical cup shape with a certain distance from the spherical container, the cathode side support member has a cylindrical cup shape with a certain distance from the rotating magnetic field generator, and the cathode side tube support member has the cooling insulation on the top of the head. An oil outflow inlet is provided, and the anode-side tube support member is provided with the cooling insulating oil inlet in a portion closer to the cathode than the magnetic field generating device in the cylindrical portion, and the entire flow rate of the cooling insulating oil flows through the tube container and the A rotating anode X-ray tube device characterized by flowing without stagnation around a heat generating member of a magnetic field generator.