JPS61191848A - Method of operating showcase - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は冷凍又は冷蔵ショーケースの冷凍装置を制御し
て庫内の温度を最適に維持するとともに節電を図るショ
ーケースの運転方法に関し、その目的とする処は店舗の
営業時、非営業時に適した温度管理を夫々性なうと共に
、冷却運転中、任意の時間間欠的に蒸発器への液冷媒の
供給を停止して商品負荷を基準とした温度管理をも行な
うことにある。　　′ 以下図面により本発明の詳細な説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of operating a freezer or refrigerated showcase that controls the refrigeration equipment of the showcase to maintain an optimal temperature inside the refrigerator and save power. In addition to controlling temperatures suitable for business and non-business hours, we also control temperature based on the product load by stopping the supply of liquid refrigerant to the evaporator intermittently at arbitrary times during cooling operation. There is a particular thing. ' The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.

第１図（１）は前面に商品収納及び取出用の開口（３）
を形成した断熱壁（２）にて本体を構成してなる冷凍又
は冷蔵ショーケースで、前記断熱壁内に蒸発器（４）及
び送風機（５）を設置する第１通路（６）と、送風機（
７）を設置する第２通路（８）と、複数枚の棚（９）及
び複数本の螢光灯等の照明（１０）を備える庫内（１１
）と、前記開口の上下両端に相対向する゛　前記両道路
の吹田及び吸込両口（１２）（１３）（１４）（１５）
とを形成してなり、第１及び第２両通路（６）（８）を
矢印の如く再送風機（５）（７）により夫々循環される
冷気流及び保護気流でもって開口（３）に温度の異なる
二層のエアーカーテン（Ａｔ　）（Ａ２）を形成して庫
′内（１１）を冷却するものである。破線にて囲まれる
（１６）は冷凍装置で、冷媒圧縮機（１７）□凝縮器（
１８）□液電磁弁（１９）−一僅度式膨張弁（２０）□
蒸発器（４）□圧縮機（１７）を環状に接続して冷媒を
圧”縮□凝縮液化□減圧□蒸発気化きせる公知の冷凍サ
イクルを構成する。Figure 1 (1) shows the opening (3) for storing and taking out products on the front.
A freezing or refrigerating showcase whose main body is composed of an insulating wall (2) formed with (
7), and an interior (11) equipped with a plurality of shelves (9) and a plurality of lights (10) such as fluorescent lights.
), and the Suita and suction ports of both roads (12), (13), (14), and (15) opposite to the upper and lower ends of the opening.
The temperature is maintained at the opening (3) by the cold air flow and protective air flow which are circulated through the first and second passages (6) and (8) by the re-blower (5) and (7), respectively, as shown by the arrows. The interior of the refrigerator (11) is cooled by forming two layers of air curtains (At) (A2) with different temperatures. (16) surrounded by a broken line is a refrigeration system, which includes a refrigerant compressor (17) □ condenser (
18)□Liquid solenoid valve (19) - One-slight expansion valve (20)□
An evaporator (4) and a compressor (17) are connected in a ring to form a known refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant is compressed, condensed, liquefied, decompressed, and evaporated.

（２１）は庫内（１１）の温度を制御する制御装置で、
該装置には前記ショーケース内の冷気温度を常時検出す
、る温度センサー（２２）と、蒸発器（４）への液冷媒
の供給を制御する液電磁弁（１９）とが接続されてい、
る。この装置は第２図に示す如く電源（２３）と、比較
及びタイマ機能等を内蔵し各信号を比較する処理部（２
４）と制御すべき各温度設定値を格納し庫内（１１）の
温度に応じた成る吟間幅の信号を出す設定部（２５）と
、照明（１０）の点灯又は消灯に伴ない店舗の営業又は
非営業時の信号を出す昼夜切替部（２６）と前記温度セ
ンサー（２２）と、前記処理部からの信号によりオン・
オフして液電磁弁（１９）の開閉動作を制御する出力部
（２７）とにより構成されている。(21) is a control device that controls the temperature inside the refrigerator (11);
A temperature sensor (22) that constantly detects the temperature of cold air in the showcase, and a liquid solenoid valve (19) that controls the supply of liquid refrigerant to the evaporator (4) are connected to the device,
Ru. As shown in Figure 2, this device includes a power supply (23) and a processing section (23) that has comparison and timer functions and compares each signal.
4), a setting section (25) that stores each temperature setting value to be controlled and outputs a signal with a width corresponding to the temperature inside the warehouse (11), and a store that stores the temperature setting values to be controlled and outputs a signal with a width corresponding to the temperature inside the warehouse (11); The day/night switching section (26) which outputs a signal for business or non-business hours, the temperature sensor (22), and the signal from the processing section turn on/off.
and an output section (27) that turns off and controls the opening/closing operation of the liquid electromagnetic valve (19).

次にか〜る制御装置（２１）によるショーケース（１）
の各温度制御を第３図乃至第５図により説明する。尚各
図において（Ｌｌ）は温度センサー（２２）にて検出し
た循環冷気の温度曲線、（Ｌ、）は液電磁弁（１９）の
開閉を制御する出力部（２７）の信号波形、（Ｌ、）は
昼夜切替部り２６）の信号波形、（Ｉｓ）は営業時にお
ける下限設定値、（ｒＤ）は営業時における上限設定値
、（ＩＮ）は非営業時における下限設定値、（ＴＤ’）
は非営業時における上限設定値、（△Ｔ）は照明（１０
）の消灯による夜間自動設定変更の温度幅を示す。Showcase (1) using the next control device (21)
Each temperature control will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. In each figure, (Ll) is the temperature curve of the circulating cold air detected by the temperature sensor (22), (L,) is the signal waveform of the output part (27) that controls the opening and closing of the liquid solenoid valve (19), and (L) is the temperature curve of the circulating cold air detected by the temperature sensor (22). , ) is the signal waveform of the day/night switching unit 26), (Is) is the lower limit setting value during business hours, (rD) is the upper limit setting value during business hours, (IN) is the lower limit setting value during non-business hours, (TD' )
is the upper limit setting value during non-business hours, (△T) is the lighting (10
) shows the temperature range for automatic setting change at night when the lights are turned off.

第３図はオン・オフ及びナイトセットバック両制御の特
性を示し、昼夜切替信号（Ｌ、）がＯＦＦのとき、即ち
照明（１０）が点灯している店舗の営業時間には下限設
定値（工Ｓ）で出力信号（Ｌ、）をＯＦＦ。Figure 3 shows the characteristics of both on/off and night setback control, and when the day/night switching signal (L,) is OFF, that is, during store business hours when the light (10) is on, the lower limit setting value ( Turn off the output signal (L, ) with S).

上限設定値（Ｉ’Ｄ）で出力信号（Ｌ、）をＯＮｔ、て
オン・オフ制御を繰り返して行ない、昼夜切替信号（Ｌ
、）のＯＮに伴ない出力信号（Ｌｌ＞を０ＦＦｔ、て液
電磁弁（１９）を強制的に閉じて夜間自動設定変更と称
きれるナイトセットバックに移り、照明（１０）が消灯
している店舗の非営業時間には下限設定値（ＴＮ）で出
力信号（Ｌよ）をＯＦＦ、上限設定値（１’Ｄ’）で出
力信号（Ｌ、）をＯＮｔ、てオン・オフ制御を行なう。Turn on the output signal (L, ) at the upper limit setting value (I'D), repeat on/off control, and turn on the day/night switching signal (L).
, ) is turned on, the output signal (Ll> is set to 0FFt), the liquid solenoid valve (19) is forcibly closed, and the night setback, which can be called automatic night setting change, is performed, and the light (10) is turned off. During non-business hours of the store, the output signal (L) is turned off with the lower limit setting value (TN), and the output signal (L,) is turned on with the upper limit setting value (1'D') to perform on/off control.

第４図はオン・オフ、ナイトセットバック及びデユーテ
ィサイクルの各制御の特性を示し、営業時間には処理部
（２４）のタイマにより周期（τ）で（τ、）の聞出力
信号（Ｌ、）を０ＦＦｔ、てオン・オフ制御の間、強制
的に液電磁弁（１９）を閉じ蒸発器（４）への液冷媒の
供給を間欠的に停止する昼間のデユーティサイクル制御
を行ない、又非営業時間には周期（τ）で（τハ（（τ
ハ〉（τ、））の聞出力信号（Ｌ、）を０ＦＦＬ、てオ
ン・オフ、ナイトセットバック及び強制的に液電磁弁（
１９）を閉じ蒸発器（４）への液冷媒を間欠的に停止す
る夜間のデユーティサイクルの各制御を行なう。このデ
ユーティサイクルは照明（１０）の消灯している非営業
時には、営業時の時間（τ、）よりも長い時間（τ８）
で行なわれる。　　　　　　　　　゛ 第５図はデユーティサイクル制御におけるオーバーライ
ドの特性を示し、（ＴＲ）はデユーティサイクルの温度
幅、（Ｌ４）はオーバーライドの信号波形を示す。デユ
ーティサイクルによる冷却運転停止中にショーケース（
１）内の温度が鎖線の如く上昇し商品負荷に悪影響を及
ぼす場合がある。この場合には冷却運転停止時間（昼間
は（τ、）、夜間はくＴＮ））の間に温度が　（（ＴＳ
）＋　（１’Ｒ）又は（ＴＮ）＋（１’Ｒ））・を超え
ると即時に出力信号（Ｌ、）がＯＮとなり、強制的に冷
却運転に復帰させるオーバーライドを行なう。尚、次の
デユーティサイクルによる冷却運転停止は温度が（ＴＳ
）又は（１’Ｎ）迄下がり（（τ）−（ＴＳ）又は（τ
）−（τ、））　　の後に行なわれる。Figure 4 shows the characteristics of on/off, night setback, and duty cycle control. During business hours, the timer of the processing unit (24) outputs the output signal (L , ) at 0FFt to forcibly close the liquid solenoid valve (19) during on/off control, and perform daytime duty cycle control in which the supply of liquid refrigerant to the evaporator (4) is intermittently stopped; Also, during non-business hours, the period (τ) is (τha((τ
The output signal (L,) of 〉(τ,)) is set to 0FFL to turn on/off, night setback, and force the liquid solenoid valve (
19) is closed and the liquid refrigerant to the evaporator (4) is intermittently stopped to control the nighttime duty cycle. This duty cycle is longer (τ8) during non-business hours when the lights (10) are off than during business hours (τ, ).
It will be held in 5 shows the override characteristics in duty cycle control, (TR) shows the duty cycle temperature width, and (L4) shows the override signal waveform. Showcase (when cooling operation is stopped due to duty cycle)
1) The temperature inside may rise as shown by the chain line, which may adversely affect the product load. In this case, the temperature ((TS
) + (1'R) or (TN) + (1'R))., the output signal (L, ) is immediately turned ON and an override is performed to forcefully return to cooling operation. In addition, when the cooling operation is stopped due to the next duty cycle, the temperature (TS
) or (1'N) ((τ) - (TS) or (τ
)−(τ, )).

従ってかへるショーケース（１）の運転方法によれば、
照明（１０）が消灯されこの照明の発熱が冷凍負荷とな
らない店舗の非営業時には、照明（１０）の発熱が冷凍
負荷となる営業時に比べ照明（１０）の発熱公文冷凍負
荷を軽くすることができるので、非営業時における庫内
温度の設定値を営業時における庫内温度の設定値よりも
高く設定して冷凍装置（１６）の軽負荷運転が図れ、し
かも営業時、非営業時共に夫々の設定値を超える範囲で
任意の時間蒸発器（４）への液冷媒の供給を間欠的に停
止しているので、商品負荷を基準とした庫内（１１）の
温度管理を行ない、この間における冷凍装置（１６）の
稼動率を下げて節電に寄与することができることに併わ
せて、蒸発器（４）に付着している霜を強制循環冷気の
蒸発作用によって減らし蒸発器（４）に対する着霜量の
割合を少なくして除霜回数を減少することができ、更に
は非営業時においては営業時よりも蒸発器（４）への液
冷媒の供給を間欠的に停止する時間を長く、即ち照明（
１０）の発熱による冷凍負荷の増加に見合う時間を加算
した状態ができるので、営業時に比べ更に節電効果を良
くすることができる。Therefore, according to the operating method of Kaheru Showcase (1),
When the store is not open, when the lighting (10) is turned off and the heat generated by the lighting does not become a refrigeration load, the heat generated by the lighting (10) can reduce the refrigeration load compared to when the store is open, when the heat generated by the lighting (10) becomes a refrigeration load. Therefore, it is possible to operate the refrigeration system (16) under a light load by setting the temperature inside the refrigerator during non-business hours higher than the temperature inside the refrigerator during business hours. Since the supply of liquid refrigerant to the evaporator (4) is intermittently stopped within a range exceeding the set value, the temperature inside the refrigerator (11) is controlled based on the product load. In addition to reducing the operating rate of the refrigeration system (16) and contributing to power saving, the frost adhering to the evaporator (4) is reduced by the evaporation action of forced circulation cold air. The ratio of the amount of frost can be reduced to reduce the number of times of defrosting, and furthermore, the time during which the supply of liquid refrigerant to the evaporator (4) is intermittently stopped can be made longer during non-business hours than during business hours. That is, lighting (
Since a state is created in which the time corresponding to the increase in refrigeration load due to heat generation in 10) is added, the power saving effect can be further improved compared to when the store is open for business.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図面は本発明ショーケースの運転方法の実施例を示し、
第１図はショーケースの縦断面図、第２図は制御装置の
ブロック図、第３図乃至第５１３０は制御装置の動作を
示す特性図である。 （４）・・・蒸発器、　（５）・・・送風機、　（１０
）・・・照明、（１１）・・・庫内、　（２１）・・・
制御装置、　（２２）・・・温度センサー、　（２４）
・・・処理部、　（２５）・・・設定部、（２６）・・
・昼夜切替部、　（２７）・・・出力部。 出願人　三洋電機株式会社　外１名 代理人　弁理士　　佐　野　静　夫 １１１　図 第２１！１ 第３図The drawings show an embodiment of the method of operating the showcase of the present invention,
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the showcase, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the control device, and FIGS. 3 to 5130 are characteristic diagrams showing the operation of the control device. (4)...Evaporator, (5)...Blower, (10
)...Lighting, (11)...Interior, (21)...
Control device, (22)...Temperature sensor, (24)
...Processing section, (25)...Setting section, (26)...
- Day/night switching section, (27)...output section. Applicant Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. and one other agent Patent attorney Shizuo Sano 111 Figure 21!1 Figure 3

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １、蒸発器で熱交換された冷気を送風機により強制循環
して庫内を所定の温度に冷却するショーケースにおいて
、店舗の営業時、非営業時共に前記蒸発器への液冷媒の
供給を間欠的に停止させると共に、営業時における液冷
媒の供給停止時間よりも非営業時における液冷媒の供給
停止時間を長くしてなるショーケースの運転方法。1. In a showcase that cools the inside of a store to a predetermined temperature by forced circulation of cool air that has been heat exchanged in an evaporator using a blower, liquid refrigerant is intermittently supplied to the evaporator both when the store is open and when the store is not open. A method of operating a showcase comprising stopping the supply of liquid refrigerant during non-business hours for a longer period of time than during business hours.