JPS61168753A - Compressore for heat-pump - Google Patents

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の技術分野〕 この発明はヒート・ポンプ圧縮機に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field of invention] This invention relates to heat pump compressors.

〔発明の技術的背景とその問題点〕[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

一般に夜間余剰電力を用い、エネルギーを高効率、高密
度に増倍貯蔵して、昼間のエネルギー必要時に温度ある
いは冷熱として取り出すことにより、大型ピル空調、大
規模冷暖房、各種産業プロセス加熱等の大規模熱源とし
て利用し、電力の負荷平準化に寄与することのできるヒ
ート・ポンプの開発が近年進められている。In general, by using surplus electricity at night, multiplying and storing energy with high efficiency and high density, and extracting it as temperature or cold energy when energy is needed during the day, large-scale pill air conditioning, large-scale heating and cooling, various industrial process heating, etc. In recent years, progress has been made in the development of heat pumps that can be used as heat sources and can contribute to leveling the electric power load.

第２図に従来用いられているスパー、ヒート。Figure 2 shows the conventionally used spur and heat.

ポンプ装置のサイクルを示す。高温サイクル部１６では
電動機２に接続された圧縮轡１で作動媒体が圧縮され、
圧縮機１の吐串部に接続された配管９が凝縮器３の熱交
換器へ接続される。凝縮器３で高温熱交換された作動媒
体は膨侵器８を通り、カスケード熱交換器５、吹込管１
２を介して圧縮機１の吸入部へ接続される閉ループを構
成している。The cycle of the pump device is shown. In the high-temperature cycle section 16, the working medium is compressed in the compression barrel 1 connected to the electric motor 2,
A pipe 9 connected to the discharge portion of the compressor 1 is connected to a heat exchanger of the condenser 3. The working medium that has undergone high-temperature heat exchange in the condenser 3 passes through the expander 8, passes through the cascade heat exchanger 5, and blows into the blow pipe 1.
A closed loop is connected to the suction section of the compressor 1 via the compressor 2.

低温サイクル部１７では電動機７に接続された圧縮機６
の吐出部は作動媒体導管１０を通り一度前述のカスケー
ド熱交換器５によって熱交換され一度膨張器１１によっ
て膨張した後、蒸発器４へ導かれ、蒸発器４で低温熱交
換された作動媒体は吸込管１３を介して再び圧縮機６の
吹込部へ接続され、閉ループを構成している。In the low temperature cycle section 17, a compressor 6 connected to an electric motor 7
The discharge part passes through the working medium conduit 10, undergoes heat exchange with the aforementioned cascade heat exchanger 5, expands with the expander 11, and then is led to the evaporator 4, where the working medium undergoes low-temperature heat exchange. It is again connected to the blowing section of the compressor 6 via the suction pipe 13, forming a closed loop.

ここで凝縮器３の熱交換器での熱交換の様子を第３図の
グラフで説明する。縦軸は温度、横軸は変換熱量である
。またＴｃは作動媒体の凝縮温度、であり、Ｔａは顕熱
流体温度であり、熱交換過程において、上昇していく、
さて、ここで斜線部は熱交換に要した熱量に相当する０ ところで第５図に示す熱交換過程をたどれば、第３図の
熱交換と同じ効果を得るのに要する熱量（斜線部）が少
なくてすむと考えられる。Here, the state of heat exchange in the heat exchanger of the condenser 3 will be explained using the graph of FIG. The vertical axis is temperature, and the horizontal axis is converted heat amount. In addition, Tc is the condensation temperature of the working medium, and Ta is the sensible fluid temperature, which increases during the heat exchange process.
Now, here, the shaded area corresponds to the amount of heat required for heat exchange.By the way, if you follow the heat exchange process shown in Figure 5, the amount of heat required to obtain the same effect as the heat exchange in Figure 3 (the shaded area) It is thought that there will be less.

第５図の熱交換過程では、Ｔｃ＋−Ｔｃ＋　　と凝縮温
度が異なる作動媒体を用いることに相当し、この熱交換
過程を実現しうるシステムとして第４図の構成が考えら
れている。The heat exchange process shown in FIG. 5 corresponds to using a working medium having a condensation temperature different from that of Tc+-Tc+, and the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is considered as a system that can realize this heat exchange process.

第４図では電動機２によって駆動される圧縮機１によっ
て作動媒体が圧縮されるのであるが、圧縮過程で圧力の
異なる作動媒体を順次抽気し、凝縮機３の熱交換器の圧
力ポートに導びくべく抽気管９ａ、ｂ、ｃ、ｄが設けら
れている。In Fig. 4, the working medium is compressed by the compressor 1 driven by the electric motor 2. During the compression process, working mediums with different pressures are sequentially extracted and guided to the pressure port of the heat exchanger of the condenser 3. Air bleed pipes 9a, b, c, and d are provided.

このような構成にしておけば圧力の異なる、すなわち単
一作動媒体では凝縮温度の異なる作動媒体を熱交換に用
いることができ、第５図に示す熱交換過程が可能となる
。With such a configuration, working media having different pressures, that is, different condensing temperatures in the case of a single working fluid, can be used for heat exchange, and the heat exchange process shown in FIG. 5 becomes possible.

しかしながら第４図に示したものについては、上述の機
能を満足しうる圧縮機の構成が末だ具体的になっておら
ず、出現がまたれている。However, regarding the compressor shown in FIG. 4, the configuration of the compressor that can satisfy the above-mentioned functions has not yet been concretely determined, and the compressor has appeared at different times.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

この発明は上述の点にかんがみなされたもので、凝縮温
度の異なる作動媒体を熱交換に用い、熱交換時の非可逆
的なエネルイ損失を抑制することのできるヒート・ポン
プ用圧縮機の提供を目的とする。This invention has been made in view of the above points, and aims to provide a compressor for a heat pump that can suppress irreversible energy loss during heat exchange by using working media with different condensing temperatures for heat exchange. purpose.

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

この発明は、ヒート・ポンプ装置の構成を表わす第４図
において作動媒体を圧縮する圧縮機を細流圧縮機とし、
中間段に、作動媒体を抽気する抽気口を少なくとも１つ
の段に設け、該油気口には抽気管が接続され、該抽気管
は凝縮器め熱交換器の圧力ポートに接続され、圧力の異
なる、つまり単一作動媒体では凝縮温度の異なる作動媒
体により圧縮仕事を効率的に利用しようというものであ
る。また、軸流圧縮機の抽気口より後流では抽気により
作動媒体の流量が減少するので、ケーシングあるいはロ
ータ側に段差をつけて通路部を絞りこむ構造とするもの
である。In this invention, in FIG. 4 showing the configuration of a heat pump device, the compressor for compressing the working medium is a trickle compressor,
At least one intermediate stage is provided with an air bleed port for bleeding the working medium, an air bleed pipe is connected to the oil port, and the air bleed pipe is connected to a pressure port of a heat exchanger for a condenser, and the pressure is The idea is to efficiently utilize compression work by using different working media, that is, by using working media with different condensing temperatures in the case of a single working medium. Furthermore, since the flow rate of the working medium decreases due to air extraction downstream from the air extraction port of the axial compressor, a structure is adopted in which a step is provided on the casing or rotor side to narrow the passage.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

この発明によれば凝縮温度の異なる作動媒体を用いた熱
交換により、熱交換過程における非可逆過程のエネルギ
ー損失を抑制し、圧縮仕事を効率的に用いたヒート・ポ
ンプ装置用の圧縮機を提供することができる。According to the present invention, there is provided a compressor for a heat pump device that suppresses energy loss in the irreversible process in the heat exchange process and efficiently uses compression work through heat exchange using working media with different condensing temperatures. can do.

一般に遠心圧締機等では前述のように圧力の異なる作業
媒体を抽気するには、遠心圧縮機を何台か用意する必要
があるが、この発明では１台の軸流圧縮機で充分であり
、それゆえ電動機も１台で充分でコスト、スペースの面
で大きな効果がある。Generally, in a centrifugal compaction machine, etc., it is necessary to prepare several centrifugal compressors in order to bleed working media with different pressures as described above, but in this invention, one axial flow compressor is sufficient. Therefore, one electric motor is sufficient, which has a great effect in terms of cost and space.

また、細流圧縮機では遠心圧縮密にくらべて適用流量が
比較的任意で大容鷲化にも対処できる。In addition, compared to centrifugal compaction, the trickle compressor allows for a relatively arbitrary flow rate and can accommodate large-capacity compressors.

さらに軸流圧縮機では段数をふやすことにより高圧力比
の圧縮機が可能であり、低圧段から高圧段に多くの抽気
口および抽気管を設け、凝縮器の熱交換器に接続すれば
、より少ない熱９１．（圧縮仕事）で効率的に熱交換す
ることができる。Furthermore, by increasing the number of stages in an axial flow compressor, it is possible to create a compressor with a high pressure ratio. Less heat 91. (compression work) allows for efficient heat exchange.

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

この発明の一実施例を第１図で説明する。つまり、第１
図はヒート・ポンプ用軸流圧Ｍｉの子牛面断面であり、
２０がロータ、２１がケー？ング２２　ａ〜２２ｄが動
翼、２３ａ　〜２３ｄが静翼、２４ａ、２４ｂ。An embodiment of this invention will be explained with reference to FIG. In other words, the first
The figure is a cross section of the calf surface of the axial flow pressure Mi for a heat pump.
20 is rotor, 21 is k? 22a to 22d are rotor blades, 23a to 23d are stationary blades, and 24a, 24b.

２４　Ｃが抽気口、四が吐出口である。24C is a bleed port, and 4 is a discharge port.

作動媒体は図の矢印のよ、うに流れる。まず人口部２６
より流入した作動媒体は第１段（動翼２２ａ１静ｍ２３
ａ＞で圧縮され圧力、温度が上昇する。The working medium flows as shown by the arrow in the figure. First, population department 26
The working medium that has flowed further into the first stage (moving blade 22a1 static m23
a>, the pressure and temperature rise.

しかるのち作動媒体の一部は第１段後流のケーシングに
設けられた抽気口２４　ａより流出し、抽気管を通り凝
縮器の熱交換器に導ひかれ、残りの作動媒体は第２段（
２２ｂ、２３ｂ）に流入し、さらに圧縮仕事により温度
、圧力が上昇する。以下同様に。A part of the working medium then flows out from the bleed port 24a provided in the casing downstream of the first stage, passes through the bleed pipe and is led to the heat exchanger of the condenser, and the remaining working medium flows to the second stage (
22b, 23b), and the temperature and pressure further increase due to compression work. Similarly below.

作動媒体は各段で圧力、温度を上昇したのち一部は各抽
気口より熱交換器に導ひかれ残りは次の段へ流入し、最
終的に残った作動媒体も吐出口四より熱交換器に導びか
れる。After the working medium increases in pressure and temperature at each stage, a portion is led to the heat exchanger through each extraction port, the rest flows into the next stage, and finally the remaining working medium is also passed through the heat exchanger through the discharge port 4. be guided by.

ここで第５図に示したような熱交換過程における温度分
布を実現するには各抽気口および吐出口からほぼ同量の
作動媒体を抽気する必要があり、一般に抽気口がＮ個あ
るとき各抽気口からの作動媒体は全流入量の１／（Ｎ＋
１）程度となる。In order to achieve the temperature distribution during the heat exchange process as shown in Figure 5, it is necessary to bleed approximately the same amount of working medium from each bleed port and discharge port, and generally when there are N bleed ports, each The working medium from the bleed port is 1/(N+
1) Approximately.

第１図の例ではＮ＝３で各抽気口から全流量のＶ４程度
の抽気がなされる。このようにヒート・ポンプ用圧縮機
では通常の圧縮機にくらべて抽気量が非常に大きいので
抽気口より後段では流量の減少がいちじるしく、各抽気
口の直後では、ケーシングに段差をつけ流量の減少にみ
あうように通路部を絞りこむ構造となっている。In the example shown in FIG. 1, when N=3, air is extracted from each air bleed port at a total flow rate of about V4. In this way, heat pump compressors have a much larger amount of air bleed than normal compressors, so the flow rate decreases significantly at the stage after the bleed port, and immediately after each bleed port, a step is placed on the casing to reduce the flow rate. The structure is such that the passageway is narrowed to fit.

また第１図とは逆に各抽気口の直後でロータに段差をつ
けて通路部を絞りこむ構造としてもよい。Further, contrary to FIG. 1, a structure may be adopted in which a step is added to the rotor immediately after each air bleed port to narrow the passage portion.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第１図は本発明に係ると−ト、ポンプ用圧縮機の要部の
断面図、 第２図は従来のヒート・ポンプ装置のシステム図、第３
図は第２図のシステムにおける熱交換過程を表わす図、 第４図は多段の熱交換過程を実現すると一ト・ポンプ装
置のシステム図、 第５図は第４図のシステムにおける熱交換過程を表わす
図である。 １．６・・・圧縮機　２．７・・・電動機　３・・・凝
縮器４・・・蒸発器　５・・・カスケード熱交換器８．
１１・・・膨張器　９・・・抽気管　１０・・・導管領
・・・ロータ　２１・・・ケーシング　２２・・・動翼
お・・・静翼　ス・・・抽気口　５・・・吐出口代理人
　弁理士　則　近　憲　佑（ほか１名）第１図 第２図 第８図　　　　第５図 第４図Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the main parts of a pump compressor according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is a system diagram of a conventional heat pump device;
Figure 4 shows the heat exchange process in the system shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows the system diagram of a single pump device that realizes a multi-stage heat exchange process, and Figure 5 shows the heat exchange process in the system shown in Figure 4. FIG. 1.6... Compressor 2.7... Electric motor 3... Condenser 4... Evaporator 5... Cascade heat exchanger 8.
11... Expander 9... Air bleed pipe 10... Conduit area... Rotor 21... Casing 22... Moving blade or stationary blade S... Air bleed port 5... Discharge Exit agent Patent attorney Kensuke Chika (and 1 other person) Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 8 Figure 5 Figure 4

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 内部に封入された作動媒体を圧縮する圧縮機と前記作動
媒体を凝縮する複数の熱交換器を有する凝縮器と作動媒
体を蒸発させる蒸発器とを備えたヒート・ポンプ装置に
用いられる圧縮機において、前記作動媒体の流れを軸流
とし、複数の中間段において、少なくとも１つの段に前
記作動媒体を抽気する抽気口を設け、該抽気口には抽気
管が接続され、該抽気管は前記凝縮器の熱交換器の圧力
ポートに接続され、前記抽気口の後流側のケーシングあ
るいはロータに段差をつけて、通路部をしぼりこむ構造
にしたことを特徴とするヒート・ポンプ用圧縮機。In a compressor used in a heat pump device, the compressor includes a compressor that compresses a working medium sealed therein, a condenser having a plurality of heat exchangers that condenses the working medium, and an evaporator that evaporates the working medium. , the flow of the working medium is an axial flow, an air bleed port is provided in at least one stage of the plurality of intermediate stages to bleed the working medium, an air bleed pipe is connected to the air bleed port, and the air bleed pipe is connected to the condensation pipe. 1. A compressor for a heat pump, which is connected to a pressure port of a heat exchanger of a heat pump, and has a structure in which a passage portion is narrowed by adding a step to a casing or a rotor on the downstream side of the air extraction port.