JPS61142662A - High pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents
High pressure discharge lampInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61142662A JPS61142662A JP27986885A JP27986885A JPS61142662A JP S61142662 A JPS61142662 A JP S61142662A JP 27986885 A JP27986885 A JP 27986885A JP 27986885 A JP27986885 A JP 27986885A JP S61142662 A JPS61142662 A JP S61142662A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lighting
- frequency
- arc tube
- pressure discharge
- discharge lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（技術分野）
本発明は、高圧放電ランプを高周波点灯する高圧放電灯
に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp that is operated at high frequency.
（背景技術）
第１図は従来の高圧放電ランプの一例を示し、石英ガラ
ス等で形成された発光管１の両端には電極２ａ、−２ｂ
が対向して配設され、該両電極２ａ、２ｂは封止部３ａ
、３ｂに封入されたモリブデン箔等の金属箔４ａ、４ｂ
に接続されている。金属箔４ａ、４ｂは発光管１の支持
も兼ねる支持導線５ａ、５ｂに接続されており、発光管
ｌは固定治具５ａ、５ｂを介して支持導線５ａ、５ｂに
固定されている。支持導線５ａ、５ｂは口金７を介して
外部回路に接続される。また、発光管１内には希ガス及
び発光物質が適量封入されており、発光管１を被う外管
８内にはガスが封入され、外管８の内面には螢光体９が
塗布されてい°る。(Background Art) FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional high-pressure discharge lamp, in which electrodes 2a and -2b are provided at both ends of an arc tube 1 made of quartz glass or the like.
are arranged to face each other, and both electrodes 2a and 2b are connected to a sealing part 3a.
, 3b, and metal foils 4a and 4b such as molybdenum foil sealed in
It is connected to the. The metal foils 4a, 4b are connected to support conductors 5a, 5b which also serve to support the arc tube 1, and the arc tube 1 is fixed to the support conductors 5a, 5b via fixing jigs 5a, 5b. Support conductors 5a and 5b are connected to an external circuit via a base 7. Further, the arc tube 1 is filled with a suitable amount of a rare gas and a luminescent substance, the outer tube 8 that covers the arc tube 1 is filled with gas, and the inner surface of the outer tube 8 is coated with a phosphor 9. It has been done.
かかる従来の高圧放電ランプを高周波電源で点灯すると
、発光効率が向上すると共に、点灯回路の電子化による
安定器の小型・軽量化、低損失化が図れるという利点が
ある。しかし、一方では発光管内の音速と発光管形状で
決定される特定の周波数で音響的共鳴現象が発生し、ア
ーク柱の湾曲、揺らぎ、立ち消え、発光管の破壊等が発
生するといった欠点がある。When such a conventional high-pressure discharge lamp is lit with a high-frequency power source, there are advantages in that the luminous efficiency is improved, and the ballast can be made smaller and lighter, and its loss can be reduced by electronicizing the lighting circuit. However, on the other hand, it has the disadvantage that an acoustic resonance phenomenon occurs at a specific frequency determined by the speed of sound in the arc tube and the shape of the arc tube, causing curvature, fluctuation, and extinction of the arc column, and destruction of the arc tube.
安定に点灯するためには、高圧放電ランプが安定に点灯
する周波数域を選択して点灯（例えば特開開５４−９１
９７１号公報参照）すれば良いが、安定に点灯する周波
数域はランプの種類によって異なり、また、同一種類の
ランプに対しても、ランプ個体間にばらつきが有るため
、特定の周波数を設定するのは困難であった。In order to turn on the lamp stably, select a frequency range in which the high-pressure discharge lamp can turn on stably.
(Refer to Publication No. 971) However, the frequency range for stable lighting varies depending on the type of lamp, and even for the same type of lamp, there are variations between individual lamps, so it is difficult to set a specific frequency. was difficult.
また、１００ｋ１４以上の周波数での高周波点灯、直流
点灯（例えば特開昭５７−６１２９５号公報参照）、矩
形波点灯（例えば特開昭５７−６１２９４号公報参照）
あるいは周波数変調方式で高周波点灯する（例えば特開
昭５６−４８０９５）等により音響的共鳴現象を回避す
る方法が提案されているが、かかる点灯方法においては
、回路構成の複雑化や放射電波雑音の発生等の問題があ
る。Also, high-frequency lighting at a frequency of 100k14 or more, DC lighting (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-61295), and square wave lighting (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-61294).
Alternatively, methods have been proposed to avoid the acoustic resonance phenomenon by lighting at high frequencies using a frequency modulation method (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-48095), but such lighting methods require complicated circuit configurations and radiated radio noise. There are problems such as occurrence.
（発明の目的）
本発明は、上記欠点を除去するために成されたもので、
その目的とするところは、高周波点灯時に、音響的共鳴
現象による不安定なアークが発光管に発生しない高圧放
電灯を提供するにある。(Object of the invention) The present invention was made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks.
The purpose is to provide a high-pressure discharge lamp in which unstable arcs due to acoustic resonance phenomena do not occur in the arc tube during high-frequency lighting.
（発明の開示）
本発明は、点灯時に発光管の両端部の温度差が大きくな
る手段を具備して成る高圧放電ランプを周波数変調方式
で高周波点灯することにより、点灯時に発生する音響的
共鳴現象を回避したことを特徴とする。(Disclosure of the Invention) The present invention provides an acoustic resonance phenomenon that occurs during lighting by lighting a high-pressure discharge lamp, which is equipped with means for increasing the temperature difference between both ends of the arc tube during lighting, using a frequency modulation method. It is characterized by avoiding
まず、音響的共鳴現象について説明する。音響的共鳴現
象は、発光管形状と封入物質で決まる固有振動数と、入
力電力の時間変化による発光管内の圧力変動とが一致し
た時に定在波が立つために生じる共鳴現象である。First, the acoustic resonance phenomenon will be explained. Acoustic resonance is a resonance phenomenon that occurs when a standing wave is created when the natural frequency determined by the arc tube shape and the enclosed material matches the pressure fluctuation within the arc tube due to time changes in input power.
発光管を円筒形状と仮定し、円筒座標系（ｒ。Assuming that the arc tube has a cylindrical shape, the cylindrical coordinate system (r.
θｌ ２）を考える。なお、ｒは径方向、θは周方向
、２は軸方向の座標を表す、かかる場合、上記各方向に
対する共鳴現象の基本周波数Ｆｒ、Ｆθ、Ｆｚは、次の
ようになる。Consider θl 2). Note that r represents the coordinates in the radial direction, θ in the circumferential direction, and 2 in the axial direction. In this case, the fundamental frequencies Fr, Fθ, and Fz of the resonance phenomenon in each of the above directions are as follows.
ｒ方向共鳴： Ｆ ｒ ＝３．８３Ｃ／ （２ｇＲ）θ
方向共鳴：Ｆθ−１．８４Ｇ／ （２πＲ）２方向共鳴
： Ｆ ｚ−Ｃ／ （２Ｌ）ただし
Ｌは発光管長。r direction resonance: F r =3.83C/ (2gR)θ
Directional resonance: Fθ-1.84G/ (2πR) Two-way resonance: F z-C/ (2L) where L is the arc tube length.
Ｒは発光管の半径。R is the radius of the arc tube.
Ｃは発光管内の音速であり、管内封入物と管内温度で決
まる。C is the sound velocity inside the arc tube, which is determined by the contents inside the tube and the temperature inside the tube.
ｃ−ＪＴ丁〒フＩ
Ｔ一定圧比熱／定積比熱
Ｐ−気体定数
Ｔ−発光管内温度
Ｍ＝封入物体の平均原子量
そして、この基本周波数の整数倍の周波数で共鳴現象が
発生する。音響的共鳴現象が発生すると、共鳴現象によ
って生じた力が、アーク柱自体が有する安定放電を持続
させようとする力に打ち勝って、アーク柱が変形する。c-JT Ding〒FIT Constant pressure specific heat/constant volume specific heat P - Gas constant T - Temperature inside the arc tube M = Average atomic weight of the enclosed object And a resonance phenomenon occurs at a frequency that is an integral multiple of this fundamental frequency. When an acoustic resonance phenomenon occurs, the force generated by the resonance phenomenon overcomes the force of the arc column itself to maintain stable discharge, causing the arc column to deform.
そこで、本発明者らは種々の発光管形状を持つ高圧放電
ランプを試作し、これらのランプを種々の高周波点灯方
式で点灯することにより、音響的共鳴現象発生の有無を
検討したところ、以下のことが判明した。Therefore, the present inventors fabricated prototype high-pressure discharge lamps with various arc tube shapes, and investigated whether acoustic resonance phenomenon occurred by lighting these lamps with various high-frequency lighting methods, and found the following. It has been found.
一般に、高周波点灯をするときには、可聴周波数領域を
避けて点灯する。また、１００ＫＨｚ以上の周波数で点
灯すると放射電波雑音が発生して問題となる。そこで、
点灯方式として２０ＫＨｚ以下及び１００Ｋｋ以上の周
波数を含まない領域で周波数変調方式により点灯したと
ころ、音響的共鳴現象の回避に有効であることが判明し
た。第２図はかかる実験に用いた高圧放電灯点灯装置の
一例を示す回路図で、図中ＤＣは直流電源、ＦＭは周波
数変調信号発生装置、ＳＷはスイッチング素子、２は限
流要素、ＬＡは高圧放電ランプ、ＣＯはコンデンサであ
る。Generally, when high-frequency lighting is performed, the lighting is performed while avoiding the audible frequency range. Furthermore, when the lamp is turned on at a frequency of 100 KHz or higher, radiated radio noise is generated, which poses a problem. Therefore,
When lighting was performed using a frequency modulation method in a region that does not include frequencies of 20 KHz or less and 100 Kk or more, it was found to be effective in avoiding acoustic resonance phenomena. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a high-pressure discharge lamp lighting device used in such an experiment. In the figure, DC is a direct current power supply, FM is a frequency modulation signal generator, SW is a switching element, 2 is a current limiting element, and LA is a High pressure discharge lamp, CO is a capacitor.
次に、２５０Ｗの高圧放電ランプを上記点灯方式で点灯
したところ、発光管の両管端部の温度差が大きい程、音
響的共鳴現象の回避効果が大きくなることが判明した。Next, when a 250 W high-pressure discharge lamp was lit using the above lighting method, it was found that the greater the temperature difference between the ends of the arc tube, the greater the effect of avoiding the acoustic resonance phenomenon.
本発明は上記発見に基づいてなされたもので、以下、本
発明を実施例に基づき更に詳細に説明する。The present invention has been made based on the above discovery, and will be described in more detail below based on Examples.
前述のように、種々の発光管形状の高圧放電ランプを、
２０ＫＨｚ〜１００ＫＨｚの周波数領域で周波数変調方
式により高周波点灯したところ、発光管の両管端部の温
度差が大きい程、音響的共鳴現象の回避効果が大きくな
ることを見出したわけであるが、ここでは、まずその−
例を第３図に示す。この実験に使用した発光管１の形状
は、第３図（ａ）。As mentioned above, high-pressure discharge lamps with various arc tube shapes,
When we performed high-frequency lighting using a frequency modulation method in the frequency range of 20 KHz to 100 KHz, we found that the greater the temperature difference between the ends of the arc tube, the greater the effect of avoiding acoustic resonance phenomena. , first of all -
An example is shown in FIG. The shape of the arc tube 1 used in this experiment is shown in FIG. 3(a).
（ｂｌに示すように太管径Ｄ１と細管径Ｄ２の比（Ｄ１
／Ｄ２）が１対０．６で、太管径部と細管径部の長さの
比（Ｌｌ／Ｌ２）が１対２である。従って、太管径部側
の電極２ｂ近傍の温度は、細管径部側の電極２ａ近傍の
温度より低くなる。更に、第３図（ａ）に示すように大
管径部を下側にし、細管径部を上側にして点灯すると、
上下管端部の温度差は従来例の場合よりも大きくなる。(As shown in bl, the ratio of the thick tube diameter D1 to the thin tube diameter D2 (D1
/D2) is 1:0.6, and the ratio (Ll/L2) of the lengths of the large diameter portion and the narrow diameter portion is 1:2. Therefore, the temperature near the electrode 2b on the side of the large diameter section is lower than the temperature near the electrode 2a on the side of the narrow diameter section. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 3(a), if the large tube diameter section is on the lower side and the small tube diameter section is on the upper side, when the light is lit,
The temperature difference between the upper and lower tube ends is larger than in the conventional example.
逆に、第３図中）に示すように細管径部を下側にし、太
管径部を上側にして点灯すると、上下管端部の温度差は
従来例の場合よりも小さくなる。そして、音響的共鳴現
象の回避効果を比較すると、第３図（ａ）に示す場合の
方が第３図中）に示す場合よりも大きくなっていること
が判る。なお、同・図において横軸は点灯周波数の中心
周波数［Ｋ Ｈｚ ］であり、縦軸は周波数変調幅［Ｋ
Ｈｚ ］である。また、ｘ印は音響的共鳴現象が生じ
た場合、０印は音響的共鳴現象が生じなかった場合を示
す。On the other hand, if the light is turned on with the narrow tube diameter section at the bottom and the large tube diameter section at the top as shown in FIG. 3, the temperature difference between the upper and lower tube ends will be smaller than in the conventional case. Comparing the effects of avoiding the acoustic resonance phenomenon, it can be seen that the case shown in FIG. 3(a) is greater than the case shown in FIG. In the figure, the horizontal axis is the center frequency [KHz] of the lighting frequency, and the vertical axis is the frequency modulation width [KHz].
Hz]. Further, an x mark indicates a case where an acoustic resonance phenomenon occurs, and a 0 mark indicates a case where an acoustic resonance phenomenon does not occur.
第４図は本発明に係る異なる実施例を示すもので、発光
管１の一方の管端部にのみ、例えば酸化ジルコニウム等
よりなる保温膜１１を塗布したことを特徴とし、かかる
発光管１を具備した高圧放電ランプを前記実施例と同様
に、保温膜１１塗布側を上側にして点灯すると、保温膜
１１塗布側を下側にして点灯した場合よりも音響的共鳴
現象の回避効果が大きくなる。FIG. 4 shows a different embodiment of the present invention, which is characterized in that a heat insulating film 11 made of, for example, zirconium oxide is coated only on one end of the arc tube 1. Similar to the embodiment described above, when the equipped high-pressure discharge lamp is lit with the side coated with the heat insulating film 11 facing upward, the effect of avoiding the acoustic resonance phenomenon is greater than when the lamp is lit with the side coated with the heat retaining film 11 facing downward. .
第５図及び第６図は更に異なる実施例を示すもので、第
５図世）に示すように発光管長を、同図（ａｌに示す従
来のランプの発光管長より長くすると共に、少なくとも
一方の電極長を長くし、両電極２ａ、２ｂ間の距離は従
来と同一にした発光管１を具備した高圧放電ランプを、
電極長の長い側を下側にして（発光管１が第５図中）で
示す方向になるように配置して）、中心周波数３０ＫＨ
ｚ〜９０ＫＨｚ。5 and 6 show still different embodiments, in which the length of the arc tube is made longer than that of the conventional lamp shown in FIG. A high-pressure discharge lamp equipped with an arc tube 1 with a longer electrode length and the same distance between both electrodes 2a and 2b as before,
With the long side of the electrode facing downward (arranged so that the arc tube 1 is in the direction shown in Figure 5), the center frequency is 30KH.
z~90KHz.
周波数変調幅０ＫＨｚ〜１０ Ｋ Ｈｚの領域において
周波数変調点灯した。その実験結果を第６図に示す。Frequency modulation lighting was performed in a frequency modulation width range of 0 KHz to 10 KHz. The experimental results are shown in FIG.
同図より明らかなように、両者を比較すると本実施例（
第６図中）参照）の音響的共鳴現象の回避効果が太きこ
とが判る。なお、第６図（ａ）は従来例を示し、第６図
（ｂ）は本実施例を示す。また、Ｘ印は音響的共鳴現象
が生じた場合、Ｑ印は音響的共鳴現象が生じなかった場
合を示す。As is clear from the figure, when comparing the two, this example (
It can be seen that the effect of avoiding the acoustic resonance phenomenon (see Fig. 6) is significant. Note that FIG. 6(a) shows a conventional example, and FIG. 6(b) shows this embodiment. Further, the X mark indicates a case where an acoustic resonance phenomenon occurs, and the Q mark indicates a case where an acoustic resonance phenomenon does not occur.
次に、第７図に示すように、発光管１の少なくとも一方
の管端部を略平坦にすると共に、該管端部に配設される
電極２ｂの電極長を長くしたランプの場合は、前記第６
図（ｂ）に示すよりも音響的共鳴現象回避効果は大きく
なることが確認された。Next, as shown in FIG. 7, in the case of a lamp in which at least one end of the arc tube 1 is made substantially flat and the length of the electrode 2b disposed at the end of the tube is lengthened, Said sixth
It was confirmed that the acoustic resonance phenomenon avoidance effect was greater than that shown in FIG.
なお、第８図は前記第６図に示した発光管の形状を示す
もので、（ａ）は第６図（ａ）で用いた発光管、申）は
第６図（ｂ）で用いた発光管形状を示し、寸法はそれぞ
れ管内径Ｄ＝１５ｍ、曲面部寸法Ｌｒ−９〜１０ｍ、電
極間距離Ｌｐ−５５鶴、電極長Ｌｐｓ−３ｍ、電極長Ｌ
ｐ２＝１５＋ｎである。Furthermore, Fig. 8 shows the shape of the arc tube shown in Fig. 6 above. The shape of the arc tube is shown, and the dimensions are tube inner diameter D = 15 m, curved surface dimension Lr - 9 to 10 m, distance between electrodes Lp - 55 m, electrode length Lps - 3 m, electrode length L
p2=15+n.
（発明の効果）
本発明は上記のように、点灯時に発光管の両端部の温度
差が大きくなる手段を具備して成る高圧放電ランプを、
周波数変調方式で高周波点灯することにより、音響的共
鳴現象を回避することが可能となり、アーク柱の湾曲、
揺らぎ、立、ち消え、発光管の破壊等が防止でき、安定
した点灯を維持することができる高圧放電灯を提供でき
た。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention provides a high-pressure discharge lamp comprising means for increasing the temperature difference between both ends of the arc tube when lit.
By lighting at a high frequency using a frequency modulation method, it is possible to avoid acoustic resonance phenomena, and the curvature of the arc column,
It has been possible to provide a high-pressure discharge lamp that can prevent fluctuations, start-up, extinguishing, and destruction of the arc tube, and can maintain stable lighting.
第１図は従来の高圧放電ランプを示す正面図、第２図は
本発明に用いる周波数変調点灯装置の一例を示す回路図
、第３図は本発明に係る実験結果を示す図、第４図は本
発明に係る発光管の異なる実施例を示す簡略正面図、第
５図は本発明に係る発光管の更に異なる実施例を従来例
と対比して示す簡略断面図、第６図は上記実施例に係る
実験結果を示す図、第７図は本発明に係る発光管の異な
る実施例を示す簡略断面図、第８図は実験に用いた発光
管の形状、寸法を示す正面図である。Fig. 1 is a front view showing a conventional high-pressure discharge lamp, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a frequency modulation lighting device used in the present invention, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing experimental results related to the present invention, and Fig. 4 5 is a simplified front view showing different embodiments of the arc tube according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a simplified sectional view showing still another embodiment of the arc tube according to the present invention in comparison with a conventional example, and FIG. 6 is a simplified front view showing a different embodiment of the arc tube according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a simplified sectional view showing different embodiments of the arc tube according to the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a front view showing the shape and dimensions of the arc tube used in the experiment.
Claims (2)
段を具備して成る高圧放電ランプを、周波数変調方式で
高周波点灯したことを特徴とする高圧放電灯。(1) A high-pressure discharge lamp characterized in that the high-pressure discharge lamp is equipped with means for increasing the temperature difference between both ends of the arc tube when lit, and is lit at high frequency using a frequency modulation method.
と共に、電極長の長い側が下側に位置するようにして点
灯したことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の高
圧放電灯。(2) The high-pressure radiation source according to claim 1, characterized in that one electrode length is formed longer than the other electrode length, and the lamp is lit with the longer electrode length side positioned on the lower side. electric light.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27986885A JPS61142662A (en) | 1985-12-12 | 1985-12-12 | High pressure discharge lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27986885A JPS61142662A (en) | 1985-12-12 | 1985-12-12 | High pressure discharge lamp |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59265052 Division | 1984-12-14 | 1984-12-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61142662A true JPS61142662A (en) | 1986-06-30 |
| JPH0316738B2 JPH0316738B2 (en) | 1991-03-06 |
Family
ID=17617062
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27986885A Granted JPS61142662A (en) | 1985-12-12 | 1985-12-12 | High pressure discharge lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61142662A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5965478A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1999-10-12 | Toho Titanium Co., Ltd. | Solid catalyst component and catalyst for polymerization of olefins |
| JP2005513751A (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2005-05-12 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | Cooling type high pressure gas discharge lamp |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54181770U (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1979-12-22 | ||
| JPS5648095A (en) * | 1979-09-27 | 1981-05-01 | Toshiba Electric Equip | Device for firing discharge lamp |
| JPS56143766U (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1981-10-29 |
-
1985
- 1985-12-12 JP JP27986885A patent/JPS61142662A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54181770U (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1979-12-22 | ||
| JPS5648095A (en) * | 1979-09-27 | 1981-05-01 | Toshiba Electric Equip | Device for firing discharge lamp |
| JPS56143766U (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1981-10-29 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5965478A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1999-10-12 | Toho Titanium Co., Ltd. | Solid catalyst component and catalyst for polymerization of olefins |
| JP2005513751A (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2005-05-12 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | Cooling type high pressure gas discharge lamp |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0316738B2 (en) | 1991-03-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |