JPS61118717A - Scanning mechanism of scanning mirror - Google Patents
Scanning mechanism of scanning mirrorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61118717A JPS61118717A JP24153984A JP24153984A JPS61118717A JP S61118717 A JPS61118717 A JP S61118717A JP 24153984 A JP24153984 A JP 24153984A JP 24153984 A JP24153984 A JP 24153984A JP S61118717 A JPS61118717 A JP S61118717A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electromagnet
- scanning
- gimbals
- magnet
- scanning mirror
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Mechanical Optical Scanning Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、多素子検知器を用いた赤外線撮像装置等の光
学系に用いられる走査鏡の走査機構に関し、特に、対象
物体より放射された赤外線を反射して一定の間隔で配設
された多素子検知器の各素子を水平走査し、次の水平走
査が前の水平走査の間隙を埋めるよう回転軸の傾きを切
換え、対象物体の１画面分の赤外線を集光する走査鏡に
おいて、繰返し走査の切換えスピードを速くするととも
に、切換え時の過渡特性を良（するよう改良した走査鏡
の走査機構に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a scanning mechanism of a scanning mirror used in an optical system such as an infrared imaging device using a multi-element detector, and in particular, the present invention relates to a scanning mechanism for a scanning mirror used in an optical system such as an infrared imaging device using a multi-element detector. Each element of a multi-element detector arranged at regular intervals is horizontally scanned by reflecting infrared rays, and the inclination of the rotation axis is switched so that the next horizontal scan fills the gap between the previous horizontal scan, and one of the target objects is This invention relates to a scanning mechanism for a scanning mirror that condenses infrared rays equivalent to a screen, and is improved so as to increase the switching speed of repeated scanning and improve transient characteristics during switching.
第３図は従来の走査鏡の走査機構の斜視図である。第３
図に示すように従来の走査鏡の走査機構は、対象物体を
走査する走査ｌＩ（平面鏡）１と、４角窓からなるジン
バル２と、ジンバル２の下方の一辺に設けられ、走査鏡
１の垂直軸の一端を保持する軸受け３と、軸受け３に対
応してジンバル２の上方の一辺に設けられ、走査鏡１の
垂直軸の他の一端を駆動するトルカ４と、ジンバル２の
水平軸を保持する軸受け５と、軸受け５を固定するベー
ス６と、ジンバル２の一辺に設けられた鉄片７と、鉄片
７に対向して配置された一対の電磁石８ｅおよび８ｑと
より構成されている。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a scanning mechanism of a conventional scanning mirror. Third
As shown in the figure, the scanning mechanism of a conventional scanning mirror includes a scanning lI (plane mirror) 1 for scanning a target object, a gimbal 2 consisting of a square window, and one side below the gimbal 2. A bearing 3 that holds one end of the vertical axis, a torquer 4 that is provided on one side above the gimbal 2 corresponding to the bearing 3 and drives the other end of the vertical axis of the scanning mirror 1, and a torquer 4 that supports the horizontal axis of the gimbal 2. It is composed of a bearing 5 for holding, a base 6 for fixing the bearing 5, an iron piece 7 provided on one side of the gimbal 2, and a pair of electromagnets 8e and 8q arranged opposite to the iron piece 7.
走査鏡１の走査は、トルカ４の駆動により走査鏡１の垂
直軸は軸受け３に保持されて水平方向に回転して水平走
査するとともに、垂直軸は軸受け５に保持されてベース
６に対する傾斜を一定角度だけ切換え垂直走査する。Scanning of the scanning mirror 1 is carried out by driving the torquer 4 so that the vertical axis of the scanning mirror 1 is held by a bearing 3 and rotates in the horizontal direction to perform horizontal scanning, and the vertical axis is held by a bearing 5 and tilted with respect to the base 6. Vertical scanning is performed by switching only a certain angle.
第４図に示す赤外線撮像装置の光路模式図を参照して走
査鏡の動作を説明する。The operation of the scanning mirror will be explained with reference to the schematic optical path diagram of the infrared imaging device shown in FIG.
図において、対象物体９より放射された赤外線は、集光
レンズ１２．１３によって集光され、例えば、４秒間に
１走査する水平走査と、所定の垂直走査角を持った走査
鏡（平面鏡）で反射され、一定の間隔を置いて配置され
た多素子検知器１１に入射される。多素子検知器１１は
入射された赤外線を光電変換して画像表示する。その表
示画像は、対象物体９に示すように、検知器の素子間隔
に対応して垂直方向に一定間隙９ｑを持った９ｑ位置（
斜線にて表示）を水平走査することにより水平方向に縞
模様の画像を表示する。In the figure, the infrared rays emitted from the target object 9 are condensed by a condensing lens 12.13, and for example, a scanning mirror (plane mirror) that scans horizontally once every 4 seconds and has a predetermined vertical scanning angle. The reflected light is incident on a multi-element detector 11 arranged at regular intervals. The multi-element detector 11 photoelectrically converts the incident infrared rays and displays an image. The displayed image, as shown in the target object 9, is located at a position 9q (
By horizontally scanning the image (indicated by diagonal lines), a striped image is displayed in the horizontal direction.
次に、走査鏡の垂直走査角度を変えて間隙９ｑ位置に垂
直走査位置を設定した後、その位置を水平走査すること
により、縞模様の抜けた画像が補充され、対象物体９の
１画面分が表示される。つまり、インターレース走査に
よって画面が構成されるわけである。Next, by changing the vertical scanning angle of the scanning mirror and setting a vertical scanning position at the gap 9q position, by horizontally scanning that position, the image with missing stripes is replenished, and one screen of the target object 9 is is displayed. In other words, the screen is constructed by interlaced scanning.
この９ｑ位置と９ｑ位置との交互の切換えは、ベース６
に対するジンバル２の傾斜角を鉄片７を一対の電磁石８
で交互に吸着して繰返し切換えることによって行われ、
その切換え速度は、水平走査の帰線時間内の短時間で行
う必要がある。This alternating switching between the 9q position and the 9q position
The angle of inclination of the gimbal 2 with respect to the angle of inclination of the iron piece 7 and the pair of electromagnets 8
This is done by alternately adsorbing and switching repeatedly.
The switching speed must be within a short time within the retrace time of horizontal scanning.
上記インクレース・ジンバルに設けた鉄片の腕を１対の
電磁石で交互に吸着する走査鏡の垂直走査機構において
は、ジンバルの静止摩擦カニ対抗するため、最も力を必
要とされる始動時には吸着する電磁石と、吸着される鉄
片との距離が最大で、鉄片に作用する磁力が最低となり
、吸着力が弱いため長い吸着立上がり時間を必要とする
。In the vertical scanning mechanism of the scanning mirror, which uses a pair of electromagnets to alternately attract the arms of the iron pieces provided on the above-mentioned incrace gimbal, in order to counteract the static friction of the gimbal, the arms are attracted during startup, when the most force is required. The distance between the electromagnet and the piece of iron to be attracted is maximum, and the magnetic force acting on the piece of iron is the minimum, and the attraction force is weak, so a long time is required to start up the attraction.
一方、鉄片と電磁石の吸着時には吸引力が最大となり、
過激な吸着により吸着時にリンギングを発生することが
ある。On the other hand, when a piece of iron and an electromagnet are attracted, the attraction force is maximum,
Ringing may occur during adsorption due to excessive adsorption.
本発明は上記問題点を解消し、切換えスピードや４３５
、ヵ、っ、１着時、１，７よ、グ７９発１，４
□）い、安定して迅速な垂直走査切換えができる走査
機構を提供するもので、その手段は、走査鏡を支持する
とともに、それ自体回動可能に軸支されたジンバルに磁
石を付設し、かつ該磁石の両側に対向して１対の電磁石
を設け、該電磁石の励磁極性を選択することにより電磁
石とジンバル側磁石間の吸引力と反発力を利用して前記
走査鏡を支持したジンバルを往復回動させるようにじた
走査鏡の走査機構によってなされる。The present invention solves the above problems and improves switching speed and
, Ka, tsu, when you land 1st, 1,7, 79 shots 1,4
□) To provide a scanning mechanism capable of stable and quick vertical scanning switching, the means is to support a scanning mirror and attach a magnet to a gimbal that is itself rotatably supported on a shaft. A pair of electromagnets are provided opposite to each other on both sides of the magnet, and by selecting the excitation polarity of the electromagnets, the gimbal supporting the scanning mirror is utilized by using the attractive force and repulsive force between the electromagnets and the gimbal-side magnet. This is done by a scanning mechanism of a scanning mirror that is rotated back and forth.
上記走査鏡の走査機構は、従来のジンバルに設けられた
鉄片に替えて永久磁石または電磁石を用いるとともに、
その永久磁石または電磁石を一対の電磁石の間に設けた
構造とし、一対の電磁石の中の、始動側の電磁石の極性
をジンバル側永久磁石または電磁石と同極に、また、吸
着側の電磁石の極性をジンバル側永久磁石または電磁石
と異極とするとともに、吸着寸前の極く短い時間電磁石
の極性を反転してブレーキングすることにより、ジンバ
ル角度の切換え始動時にはジンバル側磁石と始動側の電
磁石の反発力が働いて切換えスピードを速くし、吸着時
には吸着直前に吸着側の電磁石に反発力を惹起すること
により俊敏なブレーキ作用が得られ、リンギングのない
過渡特性の良い動作となる。The scanning mechanism of the scanning mirror uses a permanent magnet or an electromagnet instead of the iron piece provided on the conventional gimbal, and
The permanent magnet or electromagnet is installed between a pair of electromagnets, and among the pair of electromagnets, the polarity of the electromagnet on the starting side is the same as that of the permanent magnet or electromagnet on the gimbal side, and the polarity of the electromagnet on the attraction side is the same. By making the polarity different from the permanent magnet or electromagnet on the gimbal side, and by reversing the polarity of the electromagnet and braking for a very short time just before it is attracted, the repulsion between the magnet on the gimbal side and the electromagnet on the starting side at the time of switching the gimbal angle and starting. The force acts to increase the switching speed, and when adsorption occurs, a repulsive force is generated in the electromagnet on the adsorption side just before adsorption, resulting in quick braking action and operation with good transient characteristics without ringing.
以下、図面を参照して本発明による実施例を詳細に説明
する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の走査鏡の走査機構の斜°視
図、第２図（ａ）、 （ｂｌは一実施例の走査鏡の走査
機構の動作を説明するための模式図であり、企図を通じ
て同一部位は同一符号をもって示している。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a scanning mechanism of a scanning mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. , and the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals throughout the plan.
第１図の斜視図に示すような一実施例の走査鏡の走査機
構は、第１図および第２図（ａ）、 （ｂ）に示すよう
に、従来のジンバル２に設けられた鉄片７に替わり、外
面が同極、例えば図によれば、Ｓ極を持った永久磁石１
４を設けている。そして一対の電磁石８ｅ、 ８ｑとの
間に永久磁石１４が介在する構造をなしている。The scanning mechanism of the scanning mirror of one embodiment as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 1 is as shown in FIGS. Instead, a permanent magnet 1 whose outer surface has the same polarity, for example, according to the figure, the S pole
There are 4. A permanent magnet 14 is interposed between the pair of electromagnets 8e and 8q.
この走査機構の動作を第２図（ａ）、 （ｂ）の模式図
を参照して説明する。すなわち、第２図（ａｌは電磁石
８ｑに永久磁石１４が接着して走査鏡１の垂直走査位置
は第４図に示す対象物体９の９９位置を垂直走査してい
る。いま、電磁石８ｑおよび８ｅに逆向きの電流を流す
ことにより、電磁石８ｑおよび８ｅの永久磁石１４に対
する極性がそれぞれＳ極およびＮ極となる。そこで、電
磁石８ｑに接着していた永久磁石１４は反発されるとと
もに、電磁石８ｅに吸引されて電磁石８ｅに接着する。The operation of this scanning mechanism will be explained with reference to the schematic diagrams in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b). That is, in FIG. 2 (al), the permanent magnet 14 is attached to the electromagnet 8q, and the vertical scanning position of the scanning mirror 1 is vertically scanning 99 positions of the target object 9 shown in FIG. By passing a current in the opposite direction, the polarity of the electromagnets 8q and 8e with respect to the permanent magnet 14 becomes S pole and N pole, respectively.Therefore, the permanent magnet 14 that was adhered to the electromagnet 8q is repelled, and the electromagnet 8e It is attracted to the electromagnet 8e and adheres to the electromagnet 8e.
この接着によって走査鏡１の垂直走査は、対象物体９の
９９位置より９ｅ位置に切換わる。Due to this adhesion, the vertical scanning of the scanning mirror 1 is switched from the 99 position of the target object 9 to the 9e position.
第２図（ｂ）ば永久磁石１４が電磁石８ｅより電磁石８
ｑへ吸引される動作図であり、それぞれのＮ磁石の電流
の極性を変えて電磁石８ｑおよび８ｅをＮ極およびＳ極
としており、上述したように反発力と吸引力の両方を利
用して永久磁石１４を電磁石８ｑに吸着せしめる。In FIG. 2(b), the permanent magnet 14 is larger than the electromagnet 8e than the electromagnet 8e.
This is a diagram showing the operation of being attracted to magnet q, in which the polarity of the current in each N magnet is changed to make electromagnets 8q and 8e N and S poles, and as mentioned above, both repulsive force and attractive force are used to permanently attract The magnet 14 is attracted to the electromagnet 8q.
また、吸引側の電磁石の電流を吸着直前に極く短い時間
反転して吸着時のジンバルのスピードを遅くするようコ
ントロールして吸着時に発生するリンギングをなくして
いる。In addition, the current of the electromagnet on the suction side is reversed for a very short period of time just before suction, and the gimbal speed during suction is controlled to be slow, thereby eliminating ringing that occurs during suction.
本発明の他の実施例として、第１図の永久磁石１４に替
わり電磁石１０を用いている。この電磁石１０の駆動電
流を制御する制御回路を設けることにより、環境の変化
や永久磁石の経時変化による磁界の強さの変化が少な（
なり、安定した切換え性能を得ることができる。In another embodiment of the invention, an electromagnet 10 is used in place of the permanent magnet 14 of FIG. By providing a control circuit that controls the drive current of the electromagnet 10, changes in the strength of the magnetic field due to changes in the environment or changes over time of the permanent magnet are minimized (
Therefore, stable switching performance can be obtained.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、一対の電磁石の間
に永久磁石または電磁石を設け、それ等の相互に発生す
る反発力と吸引力の両方を利用し゛て走査鏡の垂直走査
角度の切換えをおこなうことにより、従来切換え時に発
生した立上がり、立下がり時の遅れが無くなり、俊敏な
切換えができるとともに、吸着時のリンギングが解消で
きる。As explained above, according to the present invention, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet is provided between a pair of electromagnets, and the vertical scanning angle of the scanning mirror is switched by utilizing both the repulsive force and the attractive force generated by the magnets. By doing this, the delay at the rise and fall times that conventionally occurred during switching is eliminated, and agile switching is possible, as well as ringing during adsorption can be eliminated.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の走査鏡の走査機構の斜視図
、第２図（ａ）、 （ｂ）は一実施例の走査鏡の走査機
構の動作を説明するための模式図、第３図は従来の走査
鏡の走査機構の斜視図、第４図は赤外線撮像装置の光路
模式図である。
図において、１は走査鏡、２はジンバル、３は軸受け（
垂直）、４はトルカ、５は軸受け（水平）、６はベース
、７は鉄片、８Ｑ、８ｅは電磁石、９は対象物体、９Ｑ
＋９ｅは垂直走査位置、１０は電磁石、１１は多素子検
知器、１２．１３は集光レンズ、１４は永久磁石をそれ
ぞれ示している。
第１ａ１
（’ｔｏ）
第２１１FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a scanning mechanism of a scanning mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) are schematic diagrams for explaining the operation of the scanning mechanism of a scanning mirror according to an embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a scanning mechanism of a conventional scanning mirror, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of an infrared imaging device. In the figure, 1 is a scanning mirror, 2 is a gimbal, and 3 is a bearing (
4 is the torquer, 5 is the bearing (horizontal), 6 is the base, 7 is the iron piece, 8Q, 8e is the electromagnet, 9 is the target object, 9Q
+9e indicates a vertical scanning position, 10 an electromagnet, 11 a multi-element detector, 12 and 13 a condensing lens, and 14 a permanent magnet. 1st a1 ('to) 211th
Claims (1)
れたジンバルに磁石を付設し、かつ該磁石の両側に対向
して１対の電磁石を設け、該電磁石の励磁極性を選択す
ることにより電磁石とジンバル側磁石間の吸引力と反発
力を利用して前記走査鏡を支持したジンバルを往復回動
させるようにしたことを特徴とする走査鏡の走査機構。By attaching a magnet to a gimbal that supports a scanning mirror and rotatably supporting itself, and by providing a pair of electromagnets facing each other on both sides of the magnet, and selecting the excitation polarity of the electromagnet. A scanning mechanism for a scanning mirror, characterized in that a gimbal supporting the scanning mirror is rotated back and forth by using attractive force and repulsive force between an electromagnet and a gimbal-side magnet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24153984A JPS61118717A (en) | 1984-11-14 | 1984-11-14 | Scanning mechanism of scanning mirror |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24153984A JPS61118717A (en) | 1984-11-14 | 1984-11-14 | Scanning mechanism of scanning mirror |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61118717A true JPS61118717A (en) | 1986-06-06 |
Family
ID=17075854
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24153984A Pending JPS61118717A (en) | 1984-11-14 | 1984-11-14 | Scanning mechanism of scanning mirror |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61118717A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06300981A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-28 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Biaxial rocking and driving mechanism |
| US5920417A (en) * | 1993-07-19 | 1999-07-06 | Medcam, Inc. | Microelectromechanical television scanning device and method for making the same |
| US6426013B1 (en) | 1993-10-18 | 2002-07-30 | Xros, Inc. | Method for fabricating micromachined members coupled for relative rotation |
| JP2009545781A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2009-12-24 | インフェイズ テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | Small single-actuator scanner for angle multiplexing with circularization and pitch correction functions |
-
1984
- 1984-11-14 JP JP24153984A patent/JPS61118717A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06300981A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-28 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Biaxial rocking and driving mechanism |
| US5920417A (en) * | 1993-07-19 | 1999-07-06 | Medcam, Inc. | Microelectromechanical television scanning device and method for making the same |
| US6426013B1 (en) | 1993-10-18 | 2002-07-30 | Xros, Inc. | Method for fabricating micromachined members coupled for relative rotation |
| JP2009545781A (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2009-12-24 | インフェイズ テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | Small single-actuator scanner for angle multiplexing with circularization and pitch correction functions |
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