JPS6111496B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6111496B2 JPS6111496B2 JP8907578A JP8907578A JPS6111496B2 JP S6111496 B2 JPS6111496 B2 JP S6111496B2 JP 8907578 A JP8907578 A JP 8907578A JP 8907578 A JP8907578 A JP 8907578A JP S6111496 B2 JPS6111496 B2 JP S6111496B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light emitting
- fiber
- receiving element
- integrated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Led Devices (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
- Photo Coupler, Interrupter, Optical-To-Optical Conversion Devices (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は光フアイバ通信の中で特に単線双方向
通信に関するもので、発光、受光を一体化した素
子を用いることによつて簡単に単線双方向通信を
実現することを目的とする。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to single-wire bidirectional communication in optical fiber communication, and it is possible to easily realize single-wire bidirectional communication by using a device that integrates light emission and light reception. purpose.
光フアイバを用いた通信システムは高速、大容
量伝送、無誘導伝送、軽量などの多くの利点のた
め急速に技術的に進歩してきている。その中で、
双方向通信としては次のような２つの方法が考え
られてきた。第１図ａ，ｂにそのシステムの概略
を示す。 Communication systems using optical fibers are rapidly advancing technologically due to their many advantages such as high speed, large capacity transmission, non-guided transmission, and light weight. among them,
The following two methods have been considered for two-way communication. Figures 1a and 1b show an outline of the system.
第１図ａは複線双方向システムであり、最も一
般的な方法で地点７と地点８の間は２本のフアイ
バ２，５で結ばれている。１および６はLED、
レーザ等の発光源であり、３および４は受光部で
ある。発光源１より出た光信号は受光部３で受信
され、発光源６より出た光信号は受光部４で受信
される１フアイバ単方向のシステムである。本方
法は最も実用的ではあるが双方向を行うため２本
のフアイバを必要とするという欠点を有してい
る。第１図ｄは単線双方向システムの例であり、
１６地点と１７地点は１本のフアイバ１２で結ば
れている。９，１４は発光素子、１０，１５は受
光素子、１１，１３は分岐結合器、１８は接続点
を示している。発光素子９より出た光信号は光分
岐・結合器１１を通り、光分岐結合器１３で再度
分けられて受光素子１５で受信される。一方、発
〓〓〓〓
光素子１４より出た光信号は同様に逆の径路をた
どつて受光素子１０で受信される。 FIG. 1a shows a double-track bidirectional system, in which points 7 and 8 are connected by two fibers 2 and 5 in the most general way. 1 and 6 are LEDs,
It is a light emitting source such as a laser, and 3 and 4 are light receiving parts. The optical signal emitted from the light emitting source 1 is received by the light receiving section 3, and the optical signal emitted from the light emitting source 6 is received by the light receiving section 4. This is a one-fiber, unidirectional system. Although this method is the most practical, it has the disadvantage of requiring two fibers to perform bidirectional operation. Figure 1d is an example of a single-track bidirectional system,
Points 16 and 17 are connected by one fiber 12. 9 and 14 are light emitting elements, 10 and 15 are light receiving elements, 11 and 13 are branch couplers, and 18 is a connection point. The optical signal output from the light emitting element 9 passes through the optical branch/coupler 11, is split again by the optical branch/coupler 13, and is received by the light receiving element 15. On the other hand, the release
The optical signal output from the optical element 14 similarly follows the opposite path and is received by the light receiving element 10.
本方法は２地点を単線にて双方向通信が可能で
あるという利点を有しているものの光損失が大き
いこと、分岐結合器を必要とすること、Ｓ／Ｎが
低下し易いことなどの欠点を生ずる。今、９→１
１→１２→１３→１５の伝送系に着目すると、(イ)
分岐結合器１１，１３の前後に存在するスプライ
スやコネクター等の接続損失、(ロ)分岐結合器１
１，１３による損失などが附加されて発光素子９
より入射した光の多くはこれらの損失によつて失
なわれる。現在、分岐、結合器としては低損失も
のは得難く、たとえ、分岐結合器としての接続損
失はなくても、分岐、結合というそう作によつて
本質的に損失を生ずる。今、発光素子９より入射
した光が伝送用フアイバのすべての伝搬角の光
（すべてのモードの光）を一定強度で励振してい
るとし、分岐結合器１１，１３を3db分岐器で構
成されていると仮定すると分岐、結合器１１，１
３にフアイバ外に逸散してしまう損失がないとし
ても発光素子９から入射した光の半分しかフアイ
バ１２に伝搬されず、フアイバ１２の伝搬光のま
た半分しか受光素子１５に伝搬されない。従つ
て、発光素子９より入射した光はフアイバの接続
や分岐器としての損失がなくても４分の１の光量
に減少される。現実的にフアイバの接続部損失と
して0.2dB、分岐器に1dBの損失を考慮すると発
光素子９より入射した光量は受光素子１５では
8.8dB即ち約８分の１に附加的減少をきたす。こ
のように、両双方向システムとも短所を有してい
る。 Although this method has the advantage that bidirectional communication is possible between two points using a single line, it has disadvantages such as large optical loss, the need for a branching coupler, and the tendency for S/N to decrease. will occur. Now, 9→1
Focusing on the transmission system of 1 → 12 → 13 → 15, (a)
Connection loss of splices, connectors, etc. that exist before and after the branch couplers 11 and 13, (b) Branch coupler 1
1 and 13 are added, and the light emitting element 9
Much of the incident light is lost due to these losses. Currently, it is difficult to obtain low-loss branching and coupling devices, and even if there is no connection loss as a branching and coupling device, the branching and coupling operations inherently generate losses. Now, assume that the light incident from the light emitting element 9 excites the light of all propagation angles (light of all modes) of the transmission fiber with a constant intensity, and the branching couplers 11 and 13 are configured with 3db splitters. branch, combiner 11,1
Even if there is no loss of light dissipating out of the fiber, only half of the light incident from the light emitting element 9 is propagated to the fiber 12, and only half of the light propagated through the fiber 12 is propagated to the light receiving element 15. Therefore, the light incident from the light emitting element 9 is reduced to one-fourth the amount of light even without any loss due to fiber connections or splitters. Considering a realistic fiber connection loss of 0.2 dB and a splitter loss of 1 dB, the amount of light incident from the light emitting element 9 will be reduced to the light receiving element 15.
This results in an additional reduction of 8.8 dB, or approximately one-eighth. Thus, both bidirectional systems have drawbacks.
一方、発光、受光素子は従来、別々の素子とし
て作製されており、一体化されたものはなく、既
に本出願人が特願昭53−46978号明細書にて積層
による一体化素を出願した。本発明は、この発
光、受光一体化素子とフアイバを接続することに
よつて上記双方向システムの欠点を除いたシステ
ムを構成しようとすることを目的とするものであ
る。 On the other hand, the light-emitting and light-receiving elements have conventionally been produced as separate elements, and there are no integrated elements, and the applicant has already applied for an integrated element by lamination in Japanese Patent Application No. 1983-46978. . The object of the present invention is to construct a system that eliminates the drawbacks of the above-mentioned bidirectional system by connecting this integrated light emitting and light receiving element to a fiber.
以下本発明を図面と共に実施例に基いて説明す
る。 The present invention will be described below based on examples together with drawings.
本発明に使用する発光、受光一体化素子は既に
特願昭53−46978号明細書にて述べてあるが、フ
アイバを接続した状態を第２図に示す。第２図に
おいて発光中心波長λ１＜受光中心波長λ２であ
り、発光の光信号λ１はフアイバ中に結合されフ
アイバより出射した中心波長λ２の光信号は出力
端より電気信号としてとり出すことができる。 The integrated light-emitting and light-receiving device used in the present invention has already been described in Japanese Patent Application No. 53-46978, and FIG. 2 shows the state in which fibers are connected. In Fig. 2, the emission center wavelength λ 1 <the reception center wavelength λ 2 , and the emitted optical signal λ 1 is coupled into the fiber, and the optical signal with the center wavelength λ 2 emitted from the fiber is taken out as an electrical signal from the output end. be able to.
第３図に本発明の一実施例である構成図を示
す。２８は第２図に示す発光受光一体化素子であ
り、２９は伝送フアイバ、３０は分岐、結合器、
３１は発光素子、３２は受光素子を示す。発光素
子３１発光中心波長λ２であり、発光・受光素子
２８の発光波長の中心はλ１である。受光素子３
２は発光・受光素子２８よりの光信号に十分な感
度をもつものである。本構成においては発光素子
３１よりの光信号は発光・受光素子２８で、発
光・受光素子２８よりの光信号は受光素子３２で
受信でき、従来の方法に比べて、分岐、結合器が
１つ減少できる他、分岐器およびその前後での接
続の損失をなくすことができる。 FIG. 3 shows a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. 28 is an integrated light emitting/receiving element shown in FIG. 2, 29 is a transmission fiber, 30 is a branch, a coupler,
31 is a light emitting element, and 32 is a light receiving element. The light emission center wavelength of the light emitting element 31 is λ 2 , and the center of the emission wavelength of the light emitting/light receiving element 28 is λ 1 . Light receiving element 3
2 has sufficient sensitivity to the optical signal from the light emitting/light receiving element 28. In this configuration, the optical signal from the light emitting element 31 can be received by the light emitting/light receiving element 28, and the optical signal from the light emitting/light receiving element 28 can be received by the light receiving element 32. Compared to the conventional method, there is only one branch and coupler. In addition, it is possible to eliminate loss in the branch and connections before and after it.
第４図に２地点ともに発光、受光一体化した素
子を使用した本発明の他の実施例を示す。発光、
受光一体化素子３３は構造を第５図ａに示し、３
６は発光部であり中心波長λ１、３７は受光部で
中心波長λ２とし、３８はフアイバ端部である。
また、発光・受光素子３５の構造は第５図ｂに同
様に示されており、３９はフアイバ端、４０は発
光部で発光中心波長λ３である。４１は受光部で
受光感度の中心波長λ４である。各、発光・受光
部は素子の材料および組成を選択することによつ
てエネルギーギヤツプを適当なものにすることに
よつて、次に示すような関係を満たすことができ
る。即ち、発光部３６で発光した光信号は受光部
３７では吸収されずフアイバ３８に伝搬され、フ
アイバ端部３９まで伝わり、発光部４０では吸収
されて損失することなく、受光部４１で電気信号
に変換される。従つて、このとき発光部３６より
出た光によつて受光部３７で電気信号にはほとん
ど変換されない。 FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention using an element that integrates light emission and light reception at both points. luminescence,
The structure of the integrated light receiving element 33 is shown in FIG.
6 is a light emitting part with a center wavelength λ 1 , 37 is a light receiving part with a center wavelength λ 2 , and 38 is a fiber end.
The structure of the light-emitting/light-receiving element 35 is similarly shown in FIG. 5b, where 39 is a fiber end, 40 is a light-emitting part, and has a light emission center wavelength λ 3 . Reference numeral 41 denotes a light receiving portion, which has a center wavelength λ 4 of light receiving sensitivity. Each of the light-emitting and light-receiving parts can satisfy the following relationship by selecting an appropriate energy gap by selecting the material and composition of the element. In other words, the optical signal emitted by the light emitting part 36 is not absorbed by the light receiving part 37 but is propagated to the fiber 38 and reaches the fiber end 39. The light signal is not absorbed by the light emitting part 40 and is lost, but is converted into an electrical signal by the light receiving part 41. converted. Therefore, at this time, the light emitted from the light emitting section 36 is hardly converted into an electrical signal by the light receiving section 37.
また、発光部４０で発光した光信号は受光部４
１に到達する前にこの間の層にて吸収され受光部
４１の電気出力に与えない。発光部４０のフアイ
バ３９に伝搬された光フアイバ３８に到達し受光
部３７で吸収されて電気出力に変換される。従つ
て単線フアイバ伝送路にて同時双方向通信が可能
となる。ここで各、発光、受光部のエネルギギヤ
ツプおよび中心感度波長をそれぞれ発光部３６が
〓〓〓〓
Eg1，λ１、受光部３７がEg2，λ２、発光部４
０がEg3，λ３、受光部４１がEg4，λ４とする
と、Eg3＞Eg2＞Eg1＞Eg4とすることが望まれ
る。即ち波長では逆のλ３＜λ２＜λ１＜λ４の
関係で示される。 Further, the optical signal emitted by the light emitting unit 40 is transmitted to the light receiving unit 4.
Before it reaches 1, it is absorbed in the layer between these layers and does not affect the electrical output of the light receiving section 41. The light is propagated to the fiber 39 of the light emitting section 40, reaches the optical fiber 38, is absorbed by the light receiving section 37, and is converted into electrical output. Therefore, simultaneous bidirectional communication is possible using a single fiber transmission line. Here, the energy gap and center sensitivity wavelength of each of the light emitting and light receiving parts are determined by the light emitting part 36.
Eg 1 , λ 1 , light receiving section 37 is Eg 2 , λ 2 , light emitting section 4
0 is Eg 3 and λ 3 and the light receiving section 41 is Eg 4 and λ 4 , it is desired that Eg 3 >Eg 2 >Eg 1 >Eg 4 . That is, the wavelength is expressed by the opposite relationship λ 3 <λ 2 <λ 1 <λ 4 .
以上説明したように本発明の単線双方向光伝送
装置においては次のような効果を有する。 As explained above, the single-line bidirectional optical transmission device of the present invention has the following effects.
１ 複数伝送路双方向通信と比較して、伝送路を
単線に減少させることができる。1. Compared to multi-transmission line bidirectional communication, the number of transmission lines can be reduced to a single line.
２ 分岐、結合器を使用することなく単線双方向
通信が可能となる。2. Single-wire bidirectional communication is possible without using branches or couplers.
３ 分岐、結合器の数を減少させることあるいは
使用せずにすますことが可能なため、接続個所
が減少することによつて接続損失および分岐結
合器での損失をなくすことができる。3. Since the number of branches and couplers can be reduced or eliminated, connection losses and losses in branch couplers can be eliminated by reducing the number of connection points.
４ システム全体が簡素化されるため、信頼性が
向上する。4. Reliability is improved because the entire system is simplified.
第１図、ａ，ｂは光フアイバを用いた従来の双
方向通信装置を示す構成図、第２図は既に提案し
た発光、受光一体化素子の構成図、第３図、第４
図は本発明の各実施例を示す構成図、第５図ａ，
ｂは本発明にかかる要部拡大図である。
２８，３３，３５……発光受光一体化素子、２
９，３４……伝送フアイバー、３０……分岐、結
合器、３１……発光素子、３２……受光素子、３
６，４０……発光部、３７，４１……受光部。
〓〓〓〓
Figures 1, a and b are block diagrams showing a conventional two-way communication device using optical fibers, Figure 2 is a block diagram of an already proposed integrated light emitting and light receiving element, and Figures 3 and 4.
The diagrams are configuration diagrams showing each embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5a,
b is an enlarged view of main parts according to the present invention. 28, 33, 35... Integrated light emitting and receiving element, 2
9, 34... Transmission fiber, 30... Branch, coupler, 31... Light emitting element, 32... Light receiving element, 3
6, 40... Light emitting section, 37, 41... Light receiving section. 〓〓〓〓
Claims (1)
オードおよび受光素子を積層することによつて構
成された発光受光一体化素子が端部に設置されて
なる光通信信用フアイバを備え、該フアイバ他端
に分岐結合器，分波結合器及び上記発光受光一体
化素子のいずれか１つを配置し、発光動作と受光
動作を同時に行なう単線双方向光伝送装置。 ２ 光通信用フアイバの両端に第１および第２の
発光受光一体化素子が設置せられ、前記第１の発
光受光一体化素子は受光部が前記光通信イフアイ
バ側に形成せられ、前記第２の発光受光一体化素
子は発光部が前記光通信用フアイバ側に形成せら
れてなるとともに、前記第１の発光受光一体化素
子の発光部のエネルギギヤツプをEg1、同受光部
のエネルギギヤツプをEg2、前記第２の発光受光
一体化素子の発光部のエネルギギヤツプをEg3、
同受光部のエネルギギヤツプをEg4とするとき、
Eg3＜Eg2＜Eg1＜Eg4なる関係を満足することを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の単線双方
向光伝送装置。[Claims] 1. An optical communication fiber in which an integrated light-emitting and light-receiving element is installed at the end, which is constructed by stacking a light-emitting diode and a light-receiving element that emit light in a direction perpendicular to the Pn junction surface. A single-wire bidirectional optical transmission device comprising: a branching coupler, a demultiplexing coupler, and the light emitting/receiving integrated element arranged at the other end of the fiber, and performing light emitting operation and light receiving operation simultaneously. 2. First and second integrated light emitting and receiving elements are installed at both ends of the optical communication fiber, the first integrated light emitting and receiving element has a light receiving section formed on the side of the optical communication fiber, and the second integrated light emitting and receiving element has a light receiving section formed on the optical communication fiber side. The integrated light emitting/receiving element has a light emitting part formed on the fiber side for optical communication, and the energy gap of the light emitting part of the first integrated light emitting/receiving element is Eg1 , and the energy gap of the light receiving part is Eg2. , the energy gap of the light emitting part of the second integrated light emitting/receiving element is Eg 3 ,
When the energy gap of the light receiving section is Eg 4 ,
The single-wire bidirectional optical transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that the following relationship is satisfied: Eg 3 <Eg 2 <Eg 1 <Eg 4 .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8907578A JPS5516547A (en) | 1978-07-20 | 1978-07-20 | Single-wire two-way photo transmitter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8907578A JPS5516547A (en) | 1978-07-20 | 1978-07-20 | Single-wire two-way photo transmitter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5516547A JPS5516547A (en) | 1980-02-05 |
| JPS6111496B2 true JPS6111496B2 (en) | 1986-04-03 |
Family
ID=13960728
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8907578A Granted JPS5516547A (en) | 1978-07-20 | 1978-07-20 | Single-wire two-way photo transmitter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5516547A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6097514A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1985-05-31 | 株式会社東芝 | Method of producing composite superconductive conductor |
| JPS60187549U (en) * | 1984-05-24 | 1985-12-12 | オムロン株式会社 | Receiver and emitter |
-
1978
- 1978-07-20 JP JP8907578A patent/JPS5516547A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5516547A (en) | 1980-02-05 |
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