JPS61111752A - Detection of molten steel level in continuous casting mold - Google Patents
Detection of molten steel level in continuous casting moldInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61111752A JPS61111752A JP23354984A JP23354984A JPS61111752A JP S61111752 A JPS61111752 A JP S61111752A JP 23354984 A JP23354984 A JP 23354984A JP 23354984 A JP23354984 A JP 23354984A JP S61111752 A JPS61111752 A JP S61111752A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- molten steel
- electromagnetic coil
- steel level
- output
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/186—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by using electric, magnetic, sonic or ultrasonic means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は鋳型内電磁撹拌装置を備えた連続鋳造装置にお
いて、電磁撹拌用電磁コイルを利用して鋳型内の溶鋼レ
ベルを簡便かつ正確に検出する方法に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is a continuous casting device equipped with an in-mold electromagnetic stirring device, in which the level of molten steel in the mold can be easily and accurately detected by using an electromagnetic coil for electromagnetic stirring. Regarding how to.
（従来の技術）
従来から連続鋳造鋳型内の溶鋼レベル検出方法として、
（、） 鋳型上部から溶鋼中に電極棒を挿入して、そ
の電気抵抗変化を検出し、この検出値が一定となるよう
に電極棒位置を移動し、該移動量から溶鋼レベルを検出
する方法（たとえば特公昭５４−４２８４８）。(Prior technology) The conventional method for detecting the level of molten steel in a continuous casting mold is to insert an electrode rod into the molten steel from the top of the mold, detect changes in its electrical resistance, and keep this detected value constant. A method of moving the electrode rod position and detecting the molten steel level from the amount of movement (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-42848).
（ｂ） 鋳型上部に検出コイルを配設して、溶鋼表面
と検出コイルの距離変化に対応したインダクタンス変化
を検出し、この検出値が一定となるように検出コイルを
昇降し、該昇降量から溶鋼レベルを検出する方法（たと
えば特公昭５４−４２８４６）。(b) A detection coil is installed on the top of the mold to detect the change in inductance corresponding to the change in the distance between the molten steel surface and the detection coil, and the detection coil is raised and lowered so that this detected value remains constant. Method for detecting molten steel level (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-42846).
（ｃ）鋳型を構成する材料の温度変化にもとづく固有抵
抗の変化を渦電流の変化として検出することによって溶
鋼レベルを検出する方法（たとえば特公昭５３−４４９
４）。(c) A method of detecting the level of molten steel by detecting changes in resistivity due to temperature changes in the materials constituting the mold as changes in eddy current (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-449
4).
などが提案されている。etc. have been proposed.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
しかし上記従来の方法にはそれぞれ問題点があり、前記
（、）の方法では、電極棒の溶損による耐久性の問題お
よび溶鋼とスラグ（パウダー）境界の判定が困難である
ために検出精度が悪いという問題があり、前記（ｂ）の
方法では、検出コイルが昇降することによって鋳型壁面
との距離が変化し、このため検出コイルの鋳型壁面によ
るインピーダンス変化を生じ、正確なレベル検出ができ
ないという問題がある。また、これら（ａ） 、 （ｂ
）の方法は、構造上可動部を有するので一定の専有空間
を確保しなければならず、ブルーム等の、Ｊ−断面用鋳
型に対しては、スペースの点から検出端を鋳型上部に設
置し難く、また鋳込開始時点では、不可避的に生じる溶
鋼スプラシュから検出端の損傷を避ける必要があること
から、鋳込開始直後からの湯面ができないという問題が
ある。また、前記（ｅ）の方法は、溶鋼面と大気との境
界点においてシャープな温度勾配を期待できず、このた
め正確なレベル判定が難しく、また温度変化を渦電流変
化として検出する原理のため応答性能が悪く、このため
湯面変動率の大きい小断面用鋳型には適用困難であると
ともに、鋳型壁に検出部を埋込むための鋳型壁の加工、
あるいは冷却水のシールなど、装備上の困難さをともな
い、実用上の問題がある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, each of the above conventional methods has its own problems, and in the method (,) above, there is a problem of durability due to melting of the electrode rod, and a problem of the boundary between molten steel and slag (powder). There is a problem that the detection accuracy is poor because the determination is difficult, and in the method (b) above, the distance between the detection coil and the mold wall changes as the detection coil moves up and down, and therefore the impedance of the detection coil due to the mold wall changes. This causes the problem that accurate level detection cannot be performed. Also, these (a), (b
) method requires a certain amount of dedicated space because it has a moving part in its structure, and for J-section molds such as blooms, the detection end is installed at the top of the mold due to space considerations. Moreover, since it is necessary to avoid damage to the detection end from the inevitable molten steel splash at the start of casting, there is a problem that the molten metal level cannot be reached immediately after the start of casting. In addition, with method (e) above, a sharp temperature gradient cannot be expected at the boundary point between the molten steel surface and the atmosphere, making it difficult to accurately determine the level, and because of the principle of detecting temperature changes as eddy current changes. The response performance is poor, which makes it difficult to apply to small-section molds with large fluctuations in the liquid level.
In addition, there are practical problems due to equipment difficulties such as sealing the cooling water.
本発明は上記従来法の問題点を解消し、とくに近年常用
されることの多くなった鋳型内電磁撹拌装置を備えた連
続鋳造装置において、溶鋼レベルを簡便にしかも精度よ
く検出する新規な方法を提供するものである。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional method, and provides a new method for simply and accurately detecting the molten steel level, especially in continuous casting equipment equipped with an in-mold electromagnetic stirring device, which has become commonly used in recent years. This is what we provide.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明は、鋳型内に注入された溶鋼を鋳型外周に設けた
電磁コイルにより撹拌しながら鋳造を行なう連続鋳造に
おいて、前記電磁コイルのインピーダンス変化を検出し
、該インピーダンス変化から溶鋼レベルを検知する方法
である。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention detects impedance changes of the electromagnetic coil in continuous casting in which molten steel injected into a mold is stirred by an electromagnetic coil provided on the outer periphery of the mold, This is a method of detecting the molten steel level from the impedance change.
すなわち本発明は、鋳型内溶鋼撹拌のための電磁コイル
自体を検出端として利用し、この電磁コイルの負荷変化
の検出ならびに該検出信号を溶鋼レベル信号に変換処理
する回路を既設装置に付加するだけの簡単な装置で、鋳
型断面寸法の制限を緩和し、かつ鋳込開始直後からの溶
鋼レベル挙動を精度よく検出できる方法である。That is, the present invention uses the electromagnetic coil itself for stirring molten steel in the mold as a detection end, and simply adds a circuit to the existing equipment to detect changes in the load of this electromagnetic coil and convert the detection signal into a molten steel level signal. This is a method that uses a simple device to alleviate restrictions on mold cross-sectional dimensions and to accurately detect molten steel level behavior immediately after the start of pouring.
（実施例と作用） 以下、本発明を実施例にもとづき詳細に説明する。(Examples and effects) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on examples.
第１図は本発明を実施するための装置構成例を示す図で
ある。図においてＭＯは鋳型、Ｍは溶鋼、Ｓはパウダー
であり、溶鋼は浸漬ノズルＮを介して鋳型Ｍｏ内に注入
される。Ｃは電磁撹拌用電磁コイル、Ｋは電磁コイルの
コアー、１は電磁コイルＣに通電する電流値を設定する
ための電流設定器、ＳＨは分流器で電磁コイルＣの負荷
電流を検出するためのもので、該分流器ＳＨで検出した
信号は絶縁増巾器６に入力され負荷側とは完全に絶縁さ
れている。３は検波平滑器で負荷交流電流値を直流電圧
に変換するためのもの、２は偏差積分器で電流設定器１
の電流設定値と検波平滑器３の出力値とを差分演算し、
その結果の積分値を定電流制御信号として出力するもの
で、本発明では、この偏差積分器２の出力を後述する溶
鋼レベル検出のための信号として利用する。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an apparatus configuration for implementing the present invention. In the figure, MO is a mold, M is molten steel, and S is powder, and the molten steel is injected into the mold Mo through a submerged nozzle N. C is an electromagnetic coil for electromagnetic stirring, K is the core of the electromagnetic coil, 1 is a current setting device for setting the current value flowing through electromagnetic coil C, and SH is a shunt for detecting the load current of electromagnetic coil C. The signal detected by the shunt SH is input to the isolation amplifier 6, which is completely insulated from the load side. 3 is a detection smoother for converting the load AC current value into DC voltage, 2 is a deviation integrator and current setting device 1
Calculate the difference between the current setting value and the output value of the detection smoother 3,
The resulting integrated value is output as a constant current control signal, and in the present invention, the output of this deviation integrator 2 is used as a signal for detecting the molten steel level, which will be described later.
４は電磁コイルＣへ通電するだめの交流動力電源、５は
直流増巾器で交流動力電源４と偏差積分器２の出力が入
力される。電流増巾器５は電流制御用素子（サイリスタ
ー）等で構成されるもので、偏差積分器２からの入力信
号に応じて電磁コイルＣの通電電流を調整する機能を有
する。すなわち上述した回路ブロック１０は、公知の定
電流制御回路である。電磁コイルを設けた鋳型内に溶鋼
が充填されると、みかけ上電磁コイルのインピーダンス
変化を生じて電磁コイルの負荷電流が変化する。従って
電磁撹拌装置の起磁力が変動するので、その起磁力の安
定化のために定電流制御回路が設けられているものであ
る。4 is an AC power source for supplying current to the electromagnetic coil C, and 5 is a DC amplifier to which the outputs of the AC power source 4 and the deviation integrator 2 are input. The current amplifier 5 is composed of a current control element (thyristor), etc., and has a function of adjusting the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil C according to the input signal from the deviation integrator 2. That is, the circuit block 10 described above is a known constant current control circuit. When a mold provided with an electromagnetic coil is filled with molten steel, the impedance of the electromagnetic coil appears to change, causing a change in the load current of the electromagnetic coil. Therefore, since the magnetomotive force of the electromagnetic stirring device fluctuates, a constant current control circuit is provided to stabilize the magnetomotive force.
２０は電磁コイルのインピーダンス変化を検出し該検出
値を溶鋼レベル信号に変換処理するための信号処理回路
であり、本発明の実施のために付加した回路である。こ
の回路において、１１は直流増巾器、１□２はアナログ
メモリーで、ブツシュボタンスイッチＰＢをオンする毎
に直流増巾器１１の出力を記憶すると共に、その出力を
位相反転して直流増巾器１１に入力するものである。従
って、この直流増巾器１１とアナログメモリー１２で構
成する閉ループは、ブツシュボタンスイッチＦＢをオン
することによって自動零調回路を構成する。20 is a signal processing circuit for detecting impedance change of the electromagnetic coil and converting the detected value into a molten steel level signal, and is a circuit added for implementing the present invention. In this circuit, 11 is a DC amplifier, and 1□2 is an analog memory, which stores the output of the DC amplifier 11 every time the button switch PB is turned on, and inverts the phase of the output to increase the DC current. This is input to the width container 11. Therefore, the closed loop constituted by this DC amplifier 11 and analog memory 12 constitutes an automatic zero adjustment circuit by turning on the button switch FB.
１３は演算器、１４は鋳型寸法に応じた補正係数を設定
する設定器、１５は溶鋼材質に応じた補正係数を設定す
る設定器、１６はりニヤライザー、１７は電圧／電流変
換器、１８は溶鋼レベル値を表示するだめの表示器であ
る。13 is an arithmetic unit, 14 is a setting device for setting a correction coefficient according to mold dimensions, 15 is a setting device for setting a correction coefficient according to the molten steel material, 16 is a beam-nearizer, 17 is a voltage/current converter, and 18 is a molten steel This is a display that only displays level values.
上記装置構成における作用について説明する。The operation of the above device configuration will be explained.
偏差積分器２にはフィードバック電流として、分流器Ｓ
Ｈ，絶縁増巾器６、検波平滑器３を通じて負荷電流相当
の電圧信号と、電流設定器１からの電圧信号とが入力さ
れて、この２つの信号の差分演算とその差分値の積分演
算がおこなわれ、その結果出力される信号は、電磁コイ
ルのインピーダンス変化に対応した信号である。また、
これが電流制御信号であり、次段の電流増巾器５を通じ
て、偏差積分器２の差分演算値が零になるまで、負荷電
流が制御される。鋳型Ｍｏ内の溶鋼の充填量が変わるこ
とによって電磁コイルＣのインピーダンス変化を生じ、
これによって前記偏差積分器２からの制御信号は変化す
るので、本発明では、この変化量を検出することによっ
て間接的に溶鋼レベルの検知を行なうものである。偏差
積分器２の出力は、信号処理回路２０の直流増巾器１１
に入力される。いま溶鋼が鋳型Ｍｏ内に存在しないか、
あるいは電磁コイルＣの作用外にあるときは、無負荷時
の設定電流に相当する電流制御信号、が偏差積分器２か
ら入力されているので、このときブツシュがタンスイッ
チＰＢをオンすることによって、直流増巾器１１とアナ
ログメモリー１２で構成される自動零調回路によって偏
差積分器２からの電圧信号はキャンセルされて、直流増
巾器１１の出力は零電圧となる。The deviation integrator 2 is supplied with a shunt S as a feedback current.
A voltage signal equivalent to the load current and a voltage signal from the current setting device 1 are input through the insulation amplifier 6 and the detection smoother 3, and the difference calculation between these two signals and the integral calculation of the difference value are performed. The resulting signal is a signal corresponding to the impedance change of the electromagnetic coil. Also,
This is the current control signal, and the load current is controlled through the current amplifier 5 at the next stage until the difference calculation value of the deviation integrator 2 becomes zero. The change in the filling amount of molten steel in the mold Mo causes a change in the impedance of the electromagnetic coil C,
As a result, the control signal from the deviation integrator 2 changes, so in the present invention, the molten steel level is indirectly detected by detecting this amount of change. The output of the deviation integrator 2 is sent to the DC amplifier 11 of the signal processing circuit 20.
is input. Is there currently no molten steel in the mold Mo?
Alternatively, when the electromagnetic coil C is out of action, the current control signal corresponding to the set current at no-load is input from the deviation integrator 2, so at this time, the bush turns on the tongue switch PB to The voltage signal from the deviation integrator 2 is canceled by an automatic zero adjustment circuit composed of a DC amplifier 11 and an analog memory 12, and the output of the DC amplifier 11 becomes zero voltage.
また、設定器１４および１５にて鋳型寸法および溶鋼材
質に対応した補正係数を設定する。以上で初期操作を完
了する。Further, correction coefficients corresponding to the mold dimensions and the molten steel material are set using the setting devices 14 and 15. This completes the initial operation.
次に、鋳型Ｍｏ内に、溶鋼が注入されて、溶鋼面が上昇
すると、溶鋼は高温のため非磁性体であるので、電磁コ
イルＣのインピーダンスは減少し、負荷電流が増加する
。すなわち、定電流制御ループ内の偏差積分器２の出力
は、電流増巾器５を通じ負荷電流な一少させるように作
用する。従って直流増巾器１１の出力は、溶鋼注入量に
よって変化した電磁コイルのインピーダンス変化分相当
の出力信号が得られる。Next, when molten steel is injected into the mold Mo and the molten steel surface rises, the impedance of the electromagnetic coil C decreases and the load current increases because the molten steel is a non-magnetic material due to its high temperature. That is, the output of the deviation integrator 2 in the constant current control loop acts through the current amplifier 5 to reduce the load current to some extent. Therefore, as the output of the DC amplifier 11, an output signal corresponding to the change in impedance of the electromagnetic coil, which changes depending on the amount of molten steel injected, is obtained.
次に、演算器１３では、電磁コイルＣのインピーダンス
は鋳型寸法および溶鋼の材質によっても変わるので、設
定器１４および１５によりあらかじめ設定した補正係数
によって溶鋼レベル換算のための補正演算をおこなう。Next, since the impedance of the electromagnetic coil C varies depending on the mold dimensions and the material of the molten steel, the calculator 13 performs a correction calculation for converting the molten steel level using correction coefficients preset by the setting devices 14 and 15.
この補正係数の設定および補正演算によって、異なる寸
法の鋳型および異なる材質の溶鋼の場合においても、演
算器１３の出力は溶鋼レベルに対して一定の特性曲線が
得られる。By setting the correction coefficient and performing the correction calculation, even in the case of molds of different sizes and molten steel of different materials, the output of the calculator 13 can obtain a constant characteristic curve with respect to the molten steel level.
第２図は、溶鋼レベルに対するインピーダンス特性の１
例を示す図で、横軸は電磁コイルＣの下端位置から溶鋼
面までの距離、縦軸は演算器１３の出力信号を電磁コイ
ルのインピーダンス量に置換したもので、鋳型内に溶鋼
の存在しないときの電磁コイルのインピーダンスを１０
０チとして表示したものでおる。Figure 2 shows impedance characteristics with respect to molten steel level.
In the figure showing an example, the horizontal axis is the distance from the lower end position of the electromagnetic coil C to the molten steel surface, and the vertical axis is the output signal of the calculator 13 replaced with the impedance amount of the electromagnetic coil, and there is no molten steel in the mold. When the impedance of the electromagnetic coil is 10
It is displayed as 0chi.
前記、演算器１３の出力をリ−，ヤライザ１６によって
線形化し、さらに電圧／電流変換器１７で４〜２０ ｍ
Ａの直流電流に変換し、同時に表示器１８で溶鋼レベル
を表示する。The output of the arithmetic unit 13 is linearized by a linearizer 16, and further linearized by a voltage/current converter 17 of 4 to 20 m.
A, and at the same time, the molten steel level is displayed on the display 18.
以上のようにして鋳型内の溶鋼レベルに対応する電磁コ
イルのインピーダンス変化を検出し、該検出値から溶鋼
レベルを簡便に、かつ、精度よく検出することができる
。なお、上記実施例では電磁コイルの負荷変化としてイ
ンピーダンスの変化を検出したが、別な方法として、電
磁コイルの磁界中に固定配置したサーチコイルのインピ
ーダンスの変化を検出することによって溶鋼レベルを検
出することも可能である。As described above, the impedance change of the electromagnetic coil corresponding to the molten steel level in the mold is detected, and the molten steel level can be detected easily and accurately from the detected value. Note that in the above embodiment, a change in impedance was detected as a change in the load on the electromagnetic coil, but as another method, the molten steel level may be detected by detecting a change in impedance of a search coil fixedly placed in the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil. It is also possible.
（発明の効果）
以上述べたように本発明方法は、既設の電磁撹拌装置の
電磁コイル自体を検出端として利用し、この電磁コイル
の負荷変化の検出ならびに該検出信号を溶鋼レベル信号
に変換処理する信号処理回路を付加するだけの簡単な装
置により溶鋼レベルを精度よく検出できるものである。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the method of the present invention utilizes the electromagnetic coil itself of an existing electromagnetic stirring device as a detection end, detects changes in the load of this electromagnetic coil, and converts the detection signal into a molten steel level signal. The molten steel level can be detected with high accuracy using a simple device that only requires a signal processing circuit to be added.
この本発明方法によれば、電磁コイル自体は強制冷却構
造となっているので、耐久性に関しても何ら問題はなく
、また従来方法のように別個に検出端を設ける必要はな
いので、溶鋼スプラシュによる損傷、設置スペース、適
用鋳型寸法の制限などの問題を解消できるとともに、鋳
込開始直後から溶鋼レベルを把握することができるので
、操業の安定化、鋳片品質の向上に大きく寄与し、実用
上の効果は大きい。According to the method of the present invention, since the electromagnetic coil itself has a forced cooling structure, there is no problem in terms of durability, and there is no need to provide a separate detection end as in the conventional method. In addition to solving problems such as damage, installation space, and restrictions on applicable mold dimensions, it is possible to grasp the molten steel level immediately after the start of pouring, which greatly contributes to stabilizing operations and improving slab quality. The effect is large.
第１図は本発明の実施例における装置構成を示す図、
第２図は溶鋼レベルに対する電磁コイルのインピーダン
ス特性の１例を示す図である。
１０：定電流制御回路、１１：直流増巾器、１２：アナ
ログメモリー、
１３：演算器、 １４：リニヤライザー、１５
．１６：設定器、
１７：電圧／電流変換器、
１８：表示器、 ２０：信号処理回路、ＭＯ＝鋳
型、 Ｃ：電磁コイル。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a device configuration in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of impedance characteristics of an electromagnetic coil with respect to molten steel level. 10: Constant current control circuit, 11: DC amplifier, 12: Analog memory, 13: Arithmetic unit, 14: Linearizer, 15
．． 16: Setting device, 17: Voltage/current converter, 18: Display device, 20: Signal processing circuit, MO=mold, C: Electromagnetic coil.
Claims (1)
により撹拌しながら鋳造を行なう連続鋳造において、前
記電磁コイルのインピーダンス変化を検出し、該インピ
ーダンス変化から溶鋼レベルを検知することを特徴とす
る連続鋳造鋳型内溶鋼レベルの検出方法。In continuous casting, in which molten steel injected into a mold is stirred by an electromagnetic coil provided on the outer periphery of the mold, an impedance change of the electromagnetic coil is detected, and a molten steel level is detected from the impedance change. Method for detecting molten steel level in continuous casting mold.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23354984A JPS61111752A (en) | 1984-11-06 | 1984-11-06 | Detection of molten steel level in continuous casting mold |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23354984A JPS61111752A (en) | 1984-11-06 | 1984-11-06 | Detection of molten steel level in continuous casting mold |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61111752A true JPS61111752A (en) | 1986-05-29 |
Family
ID=16956799
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23354984A Pending JPS61111752A (en) | 1984-11-06 | 1984-11-06 | Detection of molten steel level in continuous casting mold |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61111752A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007085481A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-02 | Ergolines Lab S.R.L. | Device and method for measuring and monitoring the level of liquid metal in a crystalliser |
| JP2008238667A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-09 | Kyocera Corp | Recording head, its manufacturing method, and recorder |
| CN103727994A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-16 | 深圳市亚美联合压铸设备有限公司 | Electromagnetic induction molten magnesium level meter |
-
1984
- 1984-11-06 JP JP23354984A patent/JPS61111752A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007085481A1 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-02 | Ergolines Lab S.R.L. | Device and method for measuring and monitoring the level of liquid metal in a crystalliser |
| US8018227B2 (en) | 2006-01-27 | 2011-09-13 | Ergolines Lab S.R.L. | Device and method for measuring and monitoring the level of liquid metal in a crystalliser |
| JP2008238667A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-09 | Kyocera Corp | Recording head, its manufacturing method, and recorder |
| CN103727994A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-16 | 深圳市亚美联合压铸设备有限公司 | Electromagnetic induction molten magnesium level meter |
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