JPS6087648A - Commutation compensator of dc electric machine - Google Patents
Commutation compensator of dc electric machineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6087648A JPS6087648A JP19415383A JP19415383A JPS6087648A JP S6087648 A JPS6087648 A JP S6087648A JP 19415383 A JP19415383 A JP 19415383A JP 19415383 A JP19415383 A JP 19415383A JP S6087648 A JPS6087648 A JP S6087648A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- brush
- rectification
- current
- auxiliary winding
- positive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
- H02K23/02—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting
- H02K23/22—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting having compensating or damping windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
- H02K13/14—Circuit arrangements for improvement of commutation, e.g. by use of unidirectionally conductive elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc Machiner (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は直＃ｔ、＋Ｓに係り、特に、整流性能全改善し
うる直流機の整流補償装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to direct current #t and +S, and particularly to a rectification compensating device for a direct current machine that can completely improve rectification performance.
直流機は回転数に対して無火花帝位１〜の移！１１７１
現象があり、全運転稙域で無火花整流を達成するのか困
難であった。この対策として、整流状態を検出し、整流
状態に応じて補極起磁カケ調整することにより無火花整
流を達成する方法が提案されている。その実施例全第１
図ないし第３図に示す。DC machines have no sparks compared to the number of revolutions! 1171
Due to this phenomenon, it was difficult to achieve sparkless commutation over the entire operating range. As a countermeasure to this problem, a method has been proposed in which the rectification state is detected and the interpolation magnetization chip is adjusted according to the rectification state to achieve sparkless commutation. The first example of all
This is shown in Figures 3 to 3.
第１図は直流機の要部展開図であり、継鉄１の内１ｍに
は主極２と補優３が設けられている。主体２は主極鉄心
４と界磁巻＠５とにより形成さ扛、固定子内部で回転す
る心機−ｆ９の心機子巻保６に主磁束を与える役目をな
し、補極３は補極鉄！シ・７と補極巻ｔｆＭ８とで形成
され、電像子巻線６内（ｆ−流れる電流が反転する整流
時に整流起電力全発生させるための補極磁束を与える。FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the main parts of the DC machine, in which a main pole 2 and an auxiliary pole 3 are provided within 1 m of the yoke 1. The main body 2 is formed by the main pole iron core 4 and the field winding @5, and serves to provide the main magnetic flux to the core armature winding 6 of the core machine -f9 rotating inside the stator, and the commutator pole 3 is composed of a commutator iron core 4 and a field winding @5. ! It is formed by a commutator winding tfM8 and a commutator winding tfM8, and provides a commutator magnetic flux for generating the entire rectifying electromotive force during rectification when the current flowing in the electron winding 6 (f) is reversed.
また、補極鉄心７の先端側に設けられた補助巻線ｌＯは
、補極巻＠８とは差動的に作用し、第２図に示すように
、無火花帯が回転数の増加に伴って過整流側に移動する
ので、その起磁力を調整して負荷軸を無火花帯中心の０
−Ｐ線上に移動する役目をする。In addition, the auxiliary winding lO provided at the tip side of the commutating pole iron core 7 acts differentially with the commuting pole winding @8, and as shown in Fig. 2, the spark-free zone increases as the rotation speed increases. As a result, it moves to the over-rectifying side, so adjust the magnetomotive force to move the load axis to 0, which is the center of the non-sparking zone.
-It serves to move onto the P line.
第３図は、外部電源によＶ整流状態に応じて補助巻線に
気流を供給する整流補償装置の回路ブロック図を示す。FIG. 3 shows a circuit block diagram of a rectification compensator that supplies airflow to the auxiliary winding according to the V rectification state using an external power supply.
第３図において、１１はブラシ、１２は整流子、１３は
検出ブラシ、１４は電力増幅器である。電機子電流１ｇ
はブラシ１１、整流子１２１に介して電機子巻線９に流
れ、さらに、ブラシ１１から補極巻線８晶して流れ机補
助巻＠１０の電流ｉｐは、整流補償の良否の結果が現わ
れるブラシ出口近傍のブラシー整流子片間電圧（以下、
検出電圧と略す） Ｖｂ １に検出ブラシ１３で検出し
、電力増幅器１４により、この検出電圧ｖｂｖＣ応じて
供給される。すなわち、本方式は検出電圧Ｖｂが通常±
３ｖ以内にあれはブラシから火花を発生しないことから
、検出電圧Ｖｂに応じて補助巻線１０に電流ｉｐを流し
て補極起磁力を調整し、検出電圧ｖｂを常に±３ｖ以内
に抑えて無火花整流を達成しようとするものであった。In FIG. 3, 11 is a brush, 12 is a commutator, 13 is a detection brush, and 14 is a power amplifier. Armature current 1g
The current ip flows through the brush 11 and the commutator 121 to the armature winding 9, and further flows from the brush 11 to the commutator winding 8. The current ip in the auxiliary winding @10 shows the result of the rectification compensation. The voltage between the brush commutator pieces near the brush outlet (hereinafter referred to as
It is detected by the detection brush 13 at Vb1 (abbreviated as detection voltage), and is supplied by the power amplifier 14 according to this detection voltage vbvC. In other words, in this method, the detection voltage Vb is normally ±
Since the brush does not generate sparks within 3V, the current ip is applied to the auxiliary winding 10 according to the detection voltage Vb to adjust the interpolation magnetomotive force, and the detection voltage Vb is always kept within ±3V. The idea was to achieve spark rectification.
しかし、例えば、ミル用などに用いられる直流機は定格
ｌＯＯチ負荷のみならず、２００％の過負荷で運転され
る場合がある。この場合 １００係負荷で無火花帯が存
在１−でも、２００％負荷で無火花帯が存在しないもの
が往々にしである。このような無火花帯が存在しなくな
る領域まで使用される直流機に本方式を適用した場合は
、無火花帯が存在しないと検出電圧ｖｂが常に±３ｖ以
内に納１らないから、かえって整流火花を大きくしたり
して、整流子を荒損させ、ブラシ摩耗が増大する等の欠
点があった。However, for example, a DC machine used for a mill or the like may be operated not only at a rated load of 100% but also at an overload of 200%. In this case, even if a no-spark zone exists at a load of 100%, there is often no no-spark zone at a load of 200%. If this method is applied to a DC machine that is used up to the point where such a spark-free zone no longer exists, the detection voltage vb will not always be within ±3 V if the spark-free zone does not exist, so rectification will occur instead. There were drawbacks such as increased sparks, damage to the commutator, and increased wear on the brushes.
本発明の目的は、無火花帯が存在しなくなる領域まで使
用される直流機に適用した場合でも、最小のブラシ火花
で運転できる直流機の整流補償装置を提供するＫある。An object of the present invention is to provide a rectification compensator for a DC machine that can be operated with minimum brush sparks even when applied to a DC machine that is used up to a range where no spark zone exists.
本発明の要点は、ブラシの火花が不足整流側と過整流側
とで発生することから、検出′電圧ｖｂの正のピーク値
（不足整流側に対応）と負のピーク値（過整流側に対応
）をピークホールド回路で検出し、この正負のピーク値
が最小となるように補助巻線の電流量を調整し、無火花
帯が存在しなくなった場合にブラシの火花を最小に抑え
るにある。The key point of the present invention is that brush sparks occur on the under-rectification side and the over-rectification side, so the detection voltage vb has a positive peak value (corresponding to the under-rectification side) and a negative peak value (corresponding to the over-rectification side). ) is detected by the peak hold circuit, and the amount of current in the auxiliary winding is adjusted so that the positive and negative peak values are minimized, thereby minimizing brush sparks when the spark-free zone no longer exists. .
本発明の一実施例を第４図ないし第８図を用いて説明す
る。An embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 4 to 8.
第４因は直流機の整流曲線を示し、ａが不足整流、ｂが
理想的な直線整流、Ｃが過整流を示す。The fourth factor shows the rectification curve of the DC machine, where a indicates under-rectification, b indicates ideal linear rectification, and C indicates over-rectification.
ブラシから発生する火花は、過整流と不足整流の時に発
生する。Sparks from the brushes occur during over- and under-rectification.
第５図はブラシ１１の出口近傍に設けた検出ブラシ１３
の検出位置ケ示したものであり（Ｘは回転方向を示す）
電機子コイル９Ａのブラシ１１による短絡が開放きれる
ときの電圧全検出ブラシ１３で検出している状態図を示
す。FIG. 5 shows a detection brush 13 installed near the outlet of the brush 11.
The detection position is shown (X indicates the rotation direction).
A state diagram showing detection by the full voltage detection brush 13 when the short circuit caused by the brush 11 of the armature coil 9A is completely opened is shown.
第６図は無火花帯が存在する場合の検出フラジ１３によ
る検出電圧ｖｂを示したものでろＶ（図は正ブラシの検
出例である）、（ａ）が不足整流、（ｂ）が直線整流、
（Ｃ）が過整流の場合である。図において、■Ｖｓｐ、
θＶｓｐはブラシの火花発生限界電圧を示したものでメ
９、検出電圧Ｖｂのピーク値がこの±Ｖｓｐを越えたと
きにブラシから火花を発生し、この±Ｖｓｐ以内にあれ
ば無火花となる。Figure 6 shows the detected voltage vb by the detection flange 13 when a no-spark zone exists (the figure is an example of detection of a positive brush), (a) is under rectification, (b) is linear rectification. ,
(C) is the case of over-rectification. In the figure, ■Vsp,
θVsp indicates the spark generation limit voltage of the brush. When the peak value of the detection voltage Vb exceeds this ±Vsp, the brush generates a spark, and if it is within this ±Vsp, no spark occurs.
すなわち、（ａ）の不足整流の時は検出’ＦＪｆ圧Ｖｂ
が正となり、検出電圧ｖｂのピーク値が正の火花発生限
界電圧を越えたとき、ブラシ１１から火花を発生し、（
Ｃ）の過整流の時は検出電圧Ｖｂが負となり、検出電圧
Ｖｂのピーク値が負の火花発生限界電圧を越えたとき、
ブラシ１１から火花を発生する。That is, in the case of insufficient rectification in (a), the detected 'FJf pressure Vb
becomes positive and the peak value of the detection voltage vb exceeds the positive spark generation limit voltage, a spark is generated from the brush 11, (
During over-rectification in C), the detection voltage Vb becomes negative, and when the peak value of the detection voltage Vb exceeds the negative spark generation limit voltage,
Sparks are generated from the brush 11.
これに対し、無火花帯が存在しない場合は、検出電圧Ｖ
ｂのピーク値が、第７図に示−４−ように、常に正負の
火花発止限界″電圧士Ｖｓｐｆｒ越えている状態となる
。On the other hand, if no spark zone exists, the detection voltage V
As shown in FIG. 7, the peak value of b always exceeds the positive and negative spark generation limits "voltage meter Vspfr."
′本発明を第８図に示す一実施例を用いて説明する。図
において、１５Ａ、１５Ｅは比較器、１６Ａ、１６Ｂは
ピークホールド回路、１７は信号反転回路である。すな
わち、検出ブラシ１３による検出電圧ｖｂの正の電圧を
、比較器１５Ａで指令値と比較して指令値以上を出力し
、その出力をピークホールド回路１．６Ａに入力し、出
力電圧■Ｖｂ＋を得る。また、検出電圧Ｖｂの負の電圧
を、比較器１５Ｂで指令値と比較して指令値以上の負の
電圧を出力し、その出力をピークホールド回路１６１３
に人力し、負の出力電圧ｏｖｂ２ｉ得る。'The present invention will be explained using an embodiment shown in FIG. In the figure, 15A and 15E are comparators, 16A and 16B are peak hold circuits, and 17 is a signal inversion circuit. That is, the positive voltage of the detection voltage vb detected by the detection brush 13 is compared with the command value by the comparator 15A, and a value equal to or higher than the command value is outputted.The output is inputted to the peak hold circuit 1.6A, and the output voltage ■Vb+ is obtain. Further, the comparator 15B compares the negative voltage of the detection voltage Vb with the command value, outputs a negative voltage equal to or higher than the command value, and outputs the negative voltage to the peak hold circuit 1613.
manually to obtain a negative output voltage ovb2i.
そして、この両出力′観圧Ｖ ｂ １ ＋ Ｖ ｂ、の
加算値Ｖｂａ （Ｖｂｓ ＝ Ｖｂ＋ ｖｂ ２ ）
を得、ａらＫ、（ｉ号反転回路１７で反転して、電力増
幅器１４の入力信号とする。この結実現状の動作点に刻
し、加Ｈ値Ｖ １） 、がｅの方向に大さくなると（正
のピーク値が大きくなる）信号反転回路１７を介してい
るので電力増幅器１４の入力信号が小さくなって補助巻
線１０の電流量が小さくなＶ（補極を強める方向）これ
に対し、加算値Ｖｂｓがｅの方向に大きくなると（負の
ピーク値が大きくなる）信号反転回路１７會介している
ので電力増幅器１４の入力信号が大きくなって補助巻＠
ＩＯの１ｉ流量が太きくなる（補極を弱める方向）。結
果的には検出電圧の正のピーク値と負のピーク値が最小
となるように補助巻線１０の電流量ｉｐを調整するので
、無火花帯が存在する場合は無火花整流を達成し、さら
に、無火花帯が存在しなくなった場合は、ブラシの火花
を最小に抑えることができる。Then, the sum value Vba (Vbs = Vb + vb 2 ) of both outputs' viewing pressure V b 1 + V b .
, a to K, (inverted by the i inversion circuit 17 and used as the input signal of the power amplifier 14. Inscribed at the operating point of this resultant state, the added H value V 1) increases in the direction of e. When the voltage decreases (the positive peak value increases), the input signal of the power amplifier 14 decreases because it is passed through the signal inversion circuit 17, and the amount of current in the auxiliary winding 10 decreases (in the direction of increasing the polarity). On the other hand, when the added value Vbs increases in the direction of e (the negative peak value increases), the input signal of the power amplifier 14 increases due to the signal inverting circuit 17, and the auxiliary winding @
The 1i flow rate of IO increases (in the direction of weakening the interpolation). As a result, the current amount ip of the auxiliary winding 10 is adjusted so that the positive peak value and negative peak value of the detected voltage are minimized, so if a no-spark zone exists, no-spark rectification is achieved, Additionally, brush sparks can be minimized if the no-spark zone is no longer present.
なお、本発明ではブラシの整流状態の検出方法として検
出ブラシを用いて説明したが、主砿鉄Ｉしに巻装したサ
ーチコイルによる方法等の他の方式音用いても、本発明
の作用、効果は変わらない。Although the present invention has been described using a detection brush as a method for detecting the rectification state of the brush, the effects of the present invention can also be achieved even if other methods such as a method using a search coil wound around the main steel I are used. The effect remains the same.
本発明によれば、無火花帯が存在しなくなる領域まで運
転されてもブラシの火花を最小に抑えることができ、整
流子の荒損、ブラシ摩耗の増大を防止できる直流機の整
流補償装置を提供できる。According to the present invention, there is provided a rectification compensator for a DC machine that can minimize brush sparks even when operated to a region where no spark zone exists, and can prevent commutator damage and increased brush wear. Can be provided.
第１図は直流機の要部展開図、第２図は回転数に対する
無火花帯移動現象の説明図、第３図は従来の整流補償装
置のブロック図、第４図は整流曲線のバター７図、第５
図は検出ブラシの検出位置を示す図、第６図、第７図は
検出ブラシによる検出電圧の特性図、第８図は本発明の
整流補償装置のブロック図である。
ｌＯ・・・補助巻線、１１・・・ブラシ、１２・・・整
流子、１３・・・検出ブラシ、１４・・・電力増幅器、
１５・・・比較ａ、１６・・・ピークホールド回路、１
７・・・信号反転回路。
代理人 弁理士 高橋明夫
茅 １０
＄ｚ１１２１
ず十）
第３０
第４−図
箪 ダロ
第を図
早 ７霞Fig. 1 is an exploded view of the main parts of a DC machine, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the no-spark band movement phenomenon with respect to rotation speed, Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional rectification compensator, and Fig. 4 is a butter 7 of the rectification curve. Figure, 5th
This figure shows the detection position of the detection brush, FIGS. 6 and 7 are characteristic diagrams of the voltage detected by the detection brush, and FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the rectification compensation device of the present invention. lO... Auxiliary winding, 11... Brush, 12... Commutator, 13... Detection brush, 14... Power amplifier,
15... Comparison a, 16... Peak hold circuit, 1
7...Signal inversion circuit. Agent Patent Attorney Akio Takahashi 10 $z1121 Zuju) 30th 4th - Zukan Darodai wo Zuhaya 7 Kasumi
Claims (1)
、ならびにブラシをもつ固定子とを備え、前記電機子へ
の電力の授受をＡｉｌ記ブラシならびにＭｉＪ記整流子
を介して行なう直流機において、前記補極に前記電機子
の電流を流す補極巻線と、前記電機子の電流以外の知７
流を流す補助巻線と、Ａｕｇピブラシの整流状態を検出
する整流状態検出器と、この整流状態検出器からの出力
電圧の正のピーク値と負のピーク値を検出し、この正負
のピーク値が最小となるように前記補助巻線の電流量を
調整する手段とからなることを特徴とする直流機の整流
補償装置。 ２、特許請求の範囲第り項において、 前記整流状態検出器からの出力電圧の正と負のピーク値
を検出するピークホールド回路とその両ヒーク値の加算
値に応じて前記補助巻線の電流量を調整する手段とから
なることを特徴とする直流機の整流補償装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotor having an armature and a commutator, and a stator having a main pole, a commutator, and brushes, and the transfer of power to the armature is carried out using Ail brushes and MiJ brushes. In a DC machine that conducts current through a commutator, a commutating pole winding that causes the armature current to flow through the commutating pole, and a wire other than the armature current.
An auxiliary winding that allows current to flow, a rectification state detector that detects the rectification state of the Aug Pi brush, and detects the positive peak value and negative peak value of the output voltage from this rectification state detector, and detects the positive and negative peak values of the output voltage. A rectification compensation device for a DC machine, comprising means for adjusting the amount of current in the auxiliary winding so that the amount of current in the auxiliary winding is minimized. 2. In claim 1, there is provided a peak hold circuit for detecting the positive and negative peak values of the output voltage from the rectification state detector, and a current in the auxiliary winding according to the sum of the two heak values. A rectification compensator for a DC machine, comprising means for adjusting the amount.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19415383A JPS6087648A (en) | 1983-10-19 | 1983-10-19 | Commutation compensator of dc electric machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19415383A JPS6087648A (en) | 1983-10-19 | 1983-10-19 | Commutation compensator of dc electric machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6087648A true JPS6087648A (en) | 1985-05-17 |
| JPH0519386B2 JPH0519386B2 (en) | 1993-03-16 |
Family
ID=16319797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19415383A Granted JPS6087648A (en) | 1983-10-19 | 1983-10-19 | Commutation compensator of dc electric machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6087648A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8125179B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2012-02-28 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Controlling a power of an electrical motor |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5460406A (en) * | 1977-10-21 | 1979-05-15 | Hitachi Ltd | Rectification compensator for dc machine |
| JPS54124208A (en) * | 1978-03-18 | 1979-09-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Dc machine rectification compensating device |
-
1983
- 1983-10-19 JP JP19415383A patent/JPS6087648A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5460406A (en) * | 1977-10-21 | 1979-05-15 | Hitachi Ltd | Rectification compensator for dc machine |
| JPS54124208A (en) * | 1978-03-18 | 1979-09-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Dc machine rectification compensating device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8125179B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2012-02-28 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Controlling a power of an electrical motor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0519386B2 (en) | 1993-03-16 |
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