JPS60732B2 - piezoelectric switch - Google Patents
piezoelectric switchInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60732B2 JPS60732B2 JP53062032A JP6203278A JPS60732B2 JP S60732 B2 JPS60732 B2 JP S60732B2 JP 53062032 A JP53062032 A JP 53062032A JP 6203278 A JP6203278 A JP 6203278A JP S60732 B2 JPS60732 B2 JP S60732B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric
- piezoelectric body
- electrode
- fixed electrode
- switch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は高分子又は高分子複合物圧電あるし、は圧電単
結晶、圧電磁器などの圧電体を用いた圧電スイッチに関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a piezoelectric switch using a piezoelectric material such as a polymer or polymer composite piezoelectric material, a piezoelectric single crystal, or a piezoelectric ceramic.
前記高分子圧電材料としては、例えばポリフッ化ビニリ
デン、また高分子複合物圧電材料としては合成ゴム又は
合成樹脂中に圧電磁器粉末を配合したものを延伸圧延成
形によってフィルム又はシート状に形成すると共に分極
処理を施してなる圧電体である。The polymer piezoelectric material is, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride, and the polymer composite piezoelectric material is a mixture of synthetic rubber or synthetic resin with piezoelectric ceramic powder, which is formed into a film or sheet by stretching and rolling, and then polarized. It is a piezoelectric material that is processed.
この圧電体に応力を印加することにより発生する電荷を
スイッチ信号として各種電子回路の作動に利用した圧電
スイッチは公知である。A piezoelectric switch is known in which a charge generated by applying stress to a piezoelectric body is used as a switch signal to operate various electronic circuits.
従来、この種圧電スイッチにおいてはハンマー等の衝撃
機構を介して衝撃力を圧軍体に付加するかへあるいは人
の指又は足により直嬢圧電体を押圧変形することによっ
て電圧を譲起せしめていたが、前者は衝撃力を操返えし
受けるため圧電体が破損し易いだけでなく、衝撃機構を
一体に組み込むため構造が大型、複雑になる欠点があり
、また後者はそのような欠点はないが、比較的ゆっくり
した押圧力（静荷重）に対しては電気信号を発生しない
欠点があり、各々一長一短があった。Conventionally, in this type of piezoelectric switch, the voltage was generated by applying an impact force to the piezoelectric body through an impact mechanism such as a hammer, or by pressing and deforming the piezoelectric body directly with a person's finger or foot. However, the former has the drawback that not only is the piezoelectric body easily damaged as it receives the impact force repeatedly, but also that the structure is large and complicated because the impact mechanism is integrated, while the latter does not have such drawbacks. However, they have the disadvantage that they do not generate electrical signals in response to relatively slow pressing force (static load), and each type has its advantages and disadvantages.
本発明は上記後者の庄電スイッチに係わるものであって
、目的とする処は圧電体を急激に押圧したときは勿論の
こと、比較的ゆっくり押圧した場合でも確実に電気信号
を発生し得る圧電スイッチを提供するにある。以下本発
明を図面に基づいて説明する。第１図は本発明原理を説
明するために示したもので、図中１は前述した種々の圧
電材料よりなる圧電体で、ここでは高分子複合物圧電材
料よりフィルム状又はシート状になした圧電体を用いた
。The present invention relates to the latter Shoden switch, and its purpose is to provide a piezoelectric switch that can reliably generate an electrical signal not only when a piezoelectric body is pressed rapidly, but also when pressed relatively slowly. There is a switch to provide. The present invention will be explained below based on the drawings. Figure 1 is shown to explain the principle of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a piezoelectric body made of the various piezoelectric materials mentioned above. Here, it is made of a polymer composite piezoelectric material in the form of a film or sheet. A piezoelectric material was used.
２，３は該庄電体１の両面に付着した電極で、技電体１
はその電極２，３間に直流電圧を印加して分極される。2 and 3 are electrodes attached to both sides of the Shoden body 1;
is polarized by applying a DC voltage between the electrodes 2 and 3.
また圧電体１は両端又は周辺を固定して中央部が下方向
に屈曲自在に変形し得るよう保持される。４は前記圧電
体１の中央部下方に近接して設けられ、下面電極２の一
部と援雛自在に対向する固定電極、５，６は圧電体の上
面電極３と固定電極４とに各々接続した電気信号抽出用
リード線である。Further, the piezoelectric body 1 is held such that both ends or the periphery thereof are fixed and the central portion thereof can be bent downward. Reference numeral 4 is a fixed electrode that is provided close to the lower center of the piezoelectric body 1 and freely faces a part of the lower surface electrode 2. Reference numerals 5 and 6 are provided on the upper surface electrode 3 and the fixed electrode 4 of the piezoelectric body, respectively. This is the connected lead wire for electrical signal extraction.
次に上記第１図に示す本発明の動作を説明する。Next, the operation of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be explained.
いま、Ａ図の状態から圧電体１の中央部を押圧すると、
圧電体１は下方向に屈曲変形するが、このとき圧電体の
分極軸が矢印の場合には一方の電極面２にプラスの電荷
が、また他方の電極面３にマイナスの電荷が発生する。Now, if you press the center part of the piezoelectric body 1 from the state shown in figure A,
The piezoelectric body 1 bends and deforms downward, and at this time, if the polarization axis of the piezoelectric body is indicated by the arrow, a positive charge is generated on one electrode surface 2 and a negative charge is generated on the other electrode surface 3.
更に庄電シート１を押圧すると湾曲変形の度合が増し、
電極２，３間の電位もそれにつれて漸増する。その電位
が充分高められ「 Ｂ図のように圧電体の電極面２の一
部が固定電極４に接触したとき、電極面２側のプラス電
荷が固定電極４に移り、圧電体のマイナス側電極３と固
定電極４との間に電圧を生じる。この電圧をスイッチ信
号としてリード線５，６より抽出する。圧電体１に対す
る押圧を緩めると圧電体は自己の弾性によって最初のＡ
図の状態に復帰する。When the Shoden sheet 1 is further pressed, the degree of curvature deformation increases,
The potential between electrodes 2 and 3 also increases accordingly. When the potential is sufficiently increased and a part of the electrode surface 2 of the piezoelectric material comes into contact with the fixed electrode 4 as shown in Figure B, the positive charge on the electrode surface 2 side is transferred to the fixed electrode 4, and the negative electrode of the piezoelectric material is transferred to the fixed electrode 4. 3 and the fixed electrode 4. This voltage is extracted as a switch signal from the lead wires 5 and 6. When the pressure on the piezoelectric body 1 is released, the piezoelectric body returns to the initial A due to its own elasticity.
Return to the state shown in the figure.
この復帰過程中、庄電体の両面電極２，３には前とは逆
の電荷を生じるが、圧電体１の一方の電極面２が固定電
極４から離れるため不要な逆電圧は抽出されない。なお
、上記第１図は圧電体１の両端又は周辺を固定して中央
部が自由に変形し得る支持方式によったが、第２図に示
したように庄電体１の一端を固定し他騰を自由にするい
わゆるカンチレバー支持方式によってもよく、この場合
、固定電極４は圧電体１の自由端の近傍に設けられるこ
とは勿論である。During this return process, opposite charges are generated on the double-sided electrodes 2 and 3 of the piezoelectric body, but since one electrode surface 2 of the piezoelectric body 1 is separated from the fixed electrode 4, no unnecessary reverse voltage is extracted. In addition, although FIG. 1 above uses a support method in which both ends or the periphery of the piezoelectric body 1 are fixed and the center part can be freely deformed, as shown in FIG. 2, one end of the piezoelectric body 1 is fixed. A so-called cantilever support system that allows free vertical movement may also be used; in this case, the fixed electrode 4 is of course provided near the free end of the piezoelectric body 1.
以上、本発明の原理について説明したが、次に第１図の
本発明原理を応用した種々形態の圧電スイッチを第３，
４図に示した。The principle of the present invention has been explained above. Next, various types of piezoelectric switches to which the principle of the present invention shown in FIG.
It is shown in Figure 4.
即ち第３図は絶縁支持板７の上面にて、その中央に固定
電極４を設けると共に周辺に枠状のスベーサ８を介して
高分子複合圧電シートよりなる圧飴体１を接合すること
により圧電体１の下面に形成した電極２と固定電極４を
薮離自在に対向せしめた構成であり、また第３図は絶縁
支持板７の上面にて、その中央に固定電極４を設けると
共に周辺に圧電体１を接合し、該圧電体の中央部ｌａを
例えばェンボス加工によって上向きに膨出することによ
りその膨出部ｌａの下面に形成された電極２を固定電極
４に対し俵離自在に対向せしめた構成である。That is, in FIG. 3, a fixed electrode 4 is provided at the center of the upper surface of an insulating support plate 7, and a piezoelectric material 1 made of a polymer composite piezoelectric sheet is bonded to the periphery via a frame-shaped spacer 8. The electrode 2 formed on the lower surface of the insulating support plate 7 and the fixed electrode 4 are arranged to face each other so as to be separated from each other. In addition, in FIG. The piezoelectric body 1 is joined together, and the central portion la of the piezoelectric body is bulged upward by, for example, embossing, so that the electrode 2 formed on the lower surface of the bulged portion la is made to face the fixed electrode 4 in a manner that allows it to be moved away from the fixed electrode 4. The configuration is as follows.
なお、図中、５，６は圧電体１の上面に形成した電極３
と固定電極４に生ずる電荷を抽出するりード線、また９
は必要に応じて絶縁支持板７の下面に彼着した電波シー
ルド用電極で「普通は圧電体の上面電極３と共に接地さ
れる。In addition, in the figure, 5 and 6 are electrodes 3 formed on the top surface of the piezoelectric body 1.
and a lead wire 9 for extracting the charge generated on the fixed electrode 4.
is a radio wave shielding electrode attached to the bottom surface of the insulating support plate 7 as needed, and is normally grounded together with the top electrode 3 of the piezoelectric body.
なお、上記各実施例は単味の圧電体を用いた態様を示し
たが、２枚以上の圧電体を重ねた積層圧電体あるいは金
属板に圧電体を貼着した複合圧電体を用いてもよいが、
これらの場合、庄電体の一方の電極に固定電極を近接し
て設け、押圧操作により圧電体を屈曲変形したときに一
方の電極が固定電極に接してその固定電極と圧電体の他
方の電極との間に電圧を生ずる如く構成することは云う
までもない。Although each of the above embodiments shows an embodiment using a single piezoelectric material, it is also possible to use a laminated piezoelectric material in which two or more piezoelectric materials are stacked or a composite piezoelectric material in which a piezoelectric material is adhered to a metal plate. Good, but
In these cases, a fixed electrode is provided close to one electrode of the piezoelectric body, and when the piezoelectric body is bent and deformed by a pressing operation, one electrode comes into contact with the fixed electrode and the fixed electrode and the other electrode of the piezoelectric body It goes without saying that the configuration is such that a voltage is generated between the two.
また圧電体の下面に被着した電極２は必須のものでなく
、固定電極の接触面積が充分大きいときには省略するこ
とができる。以上の通り本発明の圧電スイッチは高分子
又は高分子複合物圧電材料あるいは圧電単結晶、圧電磁
器よりなる圧電体を屈曲変形自在に支持すると共に、屈
曲変形部位と近接した個所に固定電極を設け、押圧によ
り屈曲変形した圧電体が固定電極に接触したとき屈曲変
形で生じた電荷により固定電極と圧電体の他方の電極と
の間に電圧を生じる如く構成したものであって、圧電体
を屈曲変形して固定電極に当接するまでの間に電荷を充
分蓄積し、固定電極に当接すると瞬時にその電荷を放出
するという巧みな機構によって、急激な押圧力は勿論、
比較的ゆっくりした押圧力でも容易かつ確実にスイッチ
信号を発生することができる。Further, the electrode 2 attached to the lower surface of the piezoelectric body is not essential, and can be omitted if the contact area of the fixed electrode is sufficiently large. As described above, the piezoelectric switch of the present invention supports a piezoelectric body made of a polymer or polymer composite piezoelectric material, a piezoelectric single crystal, or a piezoelectric ceramic so as to be able to bend and deform, and a fixed electrode is provided near the bending and deforming part. When the piezoelectric body that has been bent and deformed by pressing comes into contact with a fixed electrode, the electric charge generated by the bending deformation generates a voltage between the fixed electrode and the other electrode of the piezoelectric body, and the piezoelectric body is bent. Due to its clever mechanism, it accumulates enough charge before it deforms and contacts the fixed electrode, and releases the charge instantly when it contacts the fixed electrode.
A switch signal can be generated easily and reliably even with a relatively slow pressing force.
従って本発明の圧電スイッチは押圧力の加わる時間が中
広く且つ変動し易い卓上電子計算機のキーボードスイッ
チや、自動開閉扉の踏圧スイッチなどに適用して極めて
好適なものである。Therefore, the piezoelectric switch of the present invention is extremely suitable for application to keyboard switches for desk-top electronic computers, tread pressure switches for automatic opening/closing doors, etc. where the time period during which pressing force is applied is wide and variable.
第１図及び第２図は本発明の原理図である。
第３，４図はそれぞれ本発明の種々実施例に係わる圧電
スイッチを示す断面図である。１・・・・・・圧電体、
２，３・・・・・・電極、４・…・・固定電極。
第１図
第２図
第３図
第４図FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams of the principle of the present invention. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views showing piezoelectric switches according to various embodiments of the present invention, respectively. 1...Piezoelectric body,
2, 3...electrode, 4...fixed electrode. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4
Claims (1)
を屈曲変形自在に支持すると共に、屈曲変形部位と近接
した個所に固定電極を設け、押圧により屈曲変形した圧
電体が固定電極に接触したとき屈曲変形で生じた電荷に
より固定電極と圧電体の他方の電極との間に電圧を生じ
る如く構成してなる圧電スイツチ。1. In a piezoelectric switch using a piezoelectric body, the piezoelectric body is supported so that it can be bent and deformed, and a fixed electrode is provided at a location close to the bending deformation part, and when the piezoelectric body that has been bent and deformed by pressing comes into contact with the fixed electrode, the piezoelectric body is bent. A piezoelectric switch configured so that a voltage is generated between a fixed electrode and the other electrode of a piezoelectric body due to electric charge generated by deformation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53062032A JPS60732B2 (en) | 1978-05-24 | 1978-05-24 | piezoelectric switch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53062032A JPS60732B2 (en) | 1978-05-24 | 1978-05-24 | piezoelectric switch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS54153284A JPS54153284A (en) | 1979-12-03 |
| JPS60732B2 true JPS60732B2 (en) | 1985-01-10 |
Family
ID=13188411
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP53062032A Expired JPS60732B2 (en) | 1978-05-24 | 1978-05-24 | piezoelectric switch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60732B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH667763A5 (en) * | 1985-07-23 | 1988-10-31 | Schenk & Co | FILM KEYBOARD. |
| JPH02108353U (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1990-08-29 | ||
| US9958418B2 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2018-05-01 | Toto Ltd. | Touch detection device used in water handling equipment, and faucet apparatus including the same |
| JP6770679B2 (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2020-10-21 | Toto株式会社 | Touch detection device used for water-related equipment and faucet device equipped with it |
-
1978
- 1978-05-24 JP JP53062032A patent/JPS60732B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS54153284A (en) | 1979-12-03 |
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